CN114713964A - Magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid phase connection method - Google Patents
Magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid phase connection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713964A CN114713964A CN202011530844.9A CN202011530844A CN114713964A CN 114713964 A CN114713964 A CN 114713964A CN 202011530844 A CN202011530844 A CN 202011530844A CN 114713964 A CN114713964 A CN 114713964A
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- magnesium
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- magnetic field
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- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
- B23K20/106—Features related to sonotrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of dissimilar metal material welding, in particular to a magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method capable of effectively improving the welding performance of aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metals, which is characterized in that after an aluminum material to be welded and a magnesium material are assembled and fixed, ultrasonic roll welding is integrated under the assistance of current and magnetic field, wherein the current is applied to the material to be welded by a positive electrode roller and a negative electrode roller which are positioned on the same side of an ultrasonic roll welding mold, the magnetic field is a constant magnetic field, and the intensity range is 2-50 mt.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of dissimilar metal material welding, in particular to a magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method capable of effectively improving welding performance of aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metals.
Background art:
with the increasing prominence of global environmental problems, energy conservation becomes a hot spot of concern in all countries in the world at present. According to statistics, transportation vehicles such as automobiles, trains, ships and the like are main sources of global greenhouse gas emission. Taking an automobile as an example, the fuel consumption of 0.6L and the emission of 500g of CO2 can be reduced every hundred kilometers when the overall weight of the automobile is reduced by 100 kg. Meanwhile, the controllability, the acceleration and the braking performance of the automobile are obviously improved by reducing the self weight of the automobile. Therefore, light weight design and manufacture of vehicles are regarded as key directions for development of the automobile industry in various countries in the world, and the adoption of light metal materials to replace traditional steel structures becomes one of the most effective ways for light weight of automobiles.
The density of the aluminum is only one third of that of the steel, and the aluminum has good corrosion resistance; the magnesium has the density of two thirds of that of aluminum, has the characteristics of small density, high specific strength, good damping performance and the like, and is the lightest metal engineering structural material at present. Therefore, the aluminum and magnesium alloy composite member can further realize the light weight of the automobile structure, and the respective advantages of the aluminum and magnesium alloy can be fully utilized. According to the prediction of the United states department of energy, the amount of aluminum/magnesium alloy and composite materials in automobile body materials accounts for more than 50% by 2035 years. However, because of the large difference in magnesium and aluminum mutual solubility, melting point, linear expansion coefficient, etc., both of them are easy to form a dense oxide film. The conventional fusion welding method is easy to form defects such as cracks, air holes and the like at the joint, and simultaneously generates a large amount of brittle Mg-Al intermetallic compounds, so that the welding between the two is difficult to realize. In addition, the aluminum and magnesium brazing diffusion welding joint has low shear strength and needs a vacuum environment, so that the requirement of large-scale industrial production cannot be met.
The solid phase connection technologies such as ultrasonic welding and friction stir welding can effectively inhibit the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds between aluminum and magnesium dissimilar materials due to lower temperature in the welding process, so that the mechanical connection strength of an aluminum/magnesium welding joint is remarkably improved, and the solid phase connection technology gradually becomes a research hotspot of aluminum/magnesium welding. But the friction stir welding method has higher requirements on material specifications and assembly conditions and is greatly limited by welding space; in addition, because the ultrasonic welding method receives the limit of the performance of power devices such as piezoelectric ceramics, the ultrasonic output power is generally difficult to exceed 10kW at present, the price of high-power ultrasonic equipment is high, and the production application of the two methods in industrial scale is greatly limited for the reasons.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method capable of effectively improving the welding performance of aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metals.
The invention is achieved by the following measures:
a magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method is characterized in that after an aluminum material to be welded and a magnesium material are assembled and fixed, ultrasonic roll welding connection is completed under the assistance of current and a magnetic field, wherein the current is applied to the material to be welded through a positive electrode roller and a negative electrode roller which are positioned on the same side of an ultrasonic roll welding die, the magnetic field is a constant magnetic field, and the intensity range is 2-50 mt.
The ultrasonic energy field, the resistance thermal field under the action of current and the constant magnetic field are all laterally acted on a welding interface of an aluminum material and a magnesium material by the aluminum material, the aluminum material is aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the magnesium material is magnesium or magnesium alloy.
The invention also comprises a plating layer arranged on the surface layer to be welded of the magnesium material to effectively inhibit the direct reaction of the interface of aluminum and magnesium, wherein the plating layer adopts a zinc coating or a tin coating.
The thickness of the aluminum material and the magnesium material is not more than 2 mm.
According to the invention, when aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metal ultrasonic solid-phase connection is carried out, current is applied to the aluminum side by adopting the positive and negative electrode guide wheels to generate internal joule heat, the plastic deformation capacity of the aluminum side is enhanced under the action of heat, the conduction of ultrasonic energy from top to bottom is facilitated, and the requirement on ultrasonic energy in the aluminum/magnesium welding process is reduced. In addition, direct reaction of an aluminum-magnesium interface can be effectively inhibited by prefabricating a plating layer (a low-melting-point third metal) on the magnesium side, and the formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface is remarkably reduced; on the basis, a transverse magnetic field is applied in the ultrasonic seam welding process, the diffusion or reaction process of interface atoms is influenced through the action of current and the magnetic field, the adjustment and control of a heterogeneous interface structure are finally realized, and the welding mechanical property of the aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal joint is improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the aluminum/magnesium tensile test in the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a positive electrode roller 1, an ultrasonic roll welding die 2, a magnetic field 3, a negative electrode roller 4, an aluminum alloy plate 5, a magnesium alloy plate 6, a welding platform 7 and a coating 8.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention provides a magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method, which is characterized in that when aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metal ultrasonic solid-phase connection is carried out, current is applied to an aluminum side by adopting a positive electrode guide wheel and a negative electrode guide wheel to generate internal resistance heat, so that the plastic deformation capacity of the aluminum side is enhanced under the action of heat, and the conduction of ultrasonic energy from top to bottom is facilitated. In addition, direct reaction of an aluminum-magnesium interface can be effectively inhibited by prefabricating a plating layer (a low-melting-point third metal) on the magnesium side, and the formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface is remarkably reduced; on the basis, a transverse magnetic field is applied in the ultrasonic seam welding process, the diffusion or reaction process of interface atoms is influenced through the electromagnetic action, and the purpose of regulating and controlling the heterogeneous interface structure is finally achieved; wherein the ultrasonic energy field, the electric current resistance thermal field and the magnetic field are coupled in a cooperative way in the process of connecting the aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metals, and the combined action is performed with an aluminum-magnesium interface; the set temperature range of the aluminum side material is 50-300 ℃; the prefabricated plating layer is made of low-melting point metals such as zinc, tin and the like;
the transverse magnetic field is a constant magnetic field, and the set strength range of the transverse magnetic field is 2-50 mt.
The positive and negative electrode guide wheels are made of brass, the width of each guide wheel is 20mm, and the diameter of each guide wheel is not more than 50 mm.
The aluminum side material is pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the thickness of the aluminum and magnesium material is not more than 2 mm.
Example 1
Firstly, fixedly assembling an aluminum alloy plate 5 and a magnesium alloy plate 6 above a welding platform 7 according to the structure shown in the attached drawing; wherein the surface coating 8 of the magnesium alloy plate is prepared by surface modification methods such as electrochemistry, cold spraying and the like; then, a positive electrode roller 1 and a negative electrode roller 3 which are respectively connected with the positive end and the negative end of the current source are placed on the upper surface of an aluminum alloy plate 5, and an ultrasonic roll welding mold 2 is placed between the positive electrode roller 1 and the negative electrode roller 3 and rolls along the direction shown in the figure; in the welding process, constant pressure is applied to the ultrasonic seam welding die 2, the positive electrode roller 1 and the negative electrode roller 3 to ensure the effective transmission of current and ultrasonic energy; the flat magnetic field 3 and the current action area are overlapped with the ultrasonic energy action area so as to realize the coupling of the multi-energy field. The high-efficiency and high-quality connection of the aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metal materials can be realized through the technical characteristics, and an aluminum/magnesium welding joint is broken in a magnesium side mother material area through a tensile test.
According to the invention, when aluminum-magnesium dissimilar metal ultrasonic solid-phase connection is carried out, current is applied to the aluminum side by adopting the positive and negative electrode guide wheels to generate internal joule heat, the plastic deformation capacity of the aluminum side is enhanced under the action of heat, the conduction of ultrasonic energy from top to bottom is facilitated, and the requirement on ultrasonic energy in the aluminum/magnesium welding process is reduced. In addition, direct reaction of an aluminum-magnesium interface can be effectively inhibited by prefabricating a plating layer (a third metal with low melting point) on the magnesium side, and the formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface is remarkably reduced; on the basis, a transverse magnetic field is applied in the ultrasonic seam welding process, the diffusion or reaction process of interface atoms is influenced through the action of current and the magnetic field, the adjustment and control of a heterogeneous interface structure are finally realized, and the welding mechanical property of the aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal joint is improved.
Claims (4)
1. A magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method is characterized in that after an aluminum material to be welded and a magnesium material are assembled and fixed, ultrasonic roll welding connection is completed under the assistance of current and a magnetic field, wherein the current is applied to the material to be welded through a positive electrode roller and a negative electrode roller which are positioned on the same side of an ultrasonic roll welding die, the magnetic field is a constant magnetic field, and the intensity range is 2-50 mt.
2. The magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum-magnesium ultrasonic solid-phase connection method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic energy field, the resistance thermal field under the action of the current and the constant magnetic field are all laterally acted on the welding interface of the aluminum material and the magnesium material by the aluminum material, the aluminum material is aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the magnesium material is magnesium or magnesium alloy.
3. The magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum magnesium ultrasonic solid phase connection method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of providing a plating layer on the surface layer to be welded of the magnesium material to effectively inhibit the direct reaction of the aluminum magnesium interface, wherein the plating layer is a zinc plating layer or a tin plating layer.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the aluminum-based material and the magnesium-based material is not greater than 2 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011530844.9A CN114713964B (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum magnesium ultrasonic solid phase connection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011530844.9A CN114713964B (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum magnesium ultrasonic solid phase connection method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114713964A true CN114713964A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
| CN114713964B CN114713964B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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| CN202011530844.9A Active CN114713964B (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Magnetic field and current auxiliary type aluminum magnesium ultrasonic solid phase connection method |
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| US20210129259A1 (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2021-05-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Additive manufacturing using forge welding |
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2020
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| KR20100071510A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-29 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Ultrasonic welding method |
| CN103600166A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Method and device for auxiliary heating type ultrasound rapid forming |
| KR101466799B1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-11-28 | 안동대학교 산학협력단 | Joining of HTS 2G coated conductor using ultrasonic welding method |
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