CN114699677A - Perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery - Google Patents
Perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for prefabricated cabin of lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114699677A CN114699677A CN202210319583.9A CN202210319583A CN114699677A CN 114699677 A CN114699677 A CN 114699677A CN 202210319583 A CN202210319583 A CN 202210319583A CN 114699677 A CN114699677 A CN 114699677A
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- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004138 cluster model Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/04—Control of fire-fighting equipment with electrically-controlled release
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, which takes a battery cluster as a local application protection unit and the whole prefabricated cabin of the energy storage battery as a total flooding fire extinguishing object, and extinguishes open fire in a lithium iron phosphate battery on fire by adopting a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding and inhibits thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery on fire. The invention can effectively extinguish fire in the energy storage battery compartment and inhibit thermal runaway development, does not have harm and damage effects on a protected object, and does not have secondary disasters; the invention adopts a control mode to protect the energy storage battery cabin, and has the advantages of higher reliability, lower manufacturing cost, good antifreezing performance and wide application range. Meanwhile, the invention can overcome the defects in the prior art, solve the fire-fighting problem of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery and promote the large-scale application of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, belonging to the technical field of public fire fighting.
Background
Under the background of carbon peak, carbon neutralization and the like, the construction requirements of energy storage power stations matched with new energy such as wind, light and the like are very large, and the lithium battery energy storage market taking a lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage prefabricated cabin (hereinafter referred to as an energy storage battery cabin) as main energy storage equipment is increased explosively. The lithium iron phosphate battery in the energy storage battery compartment has high fire hazard risk, and many accidents of the energy storage battery compartment, such as fire and burning, have occurred at home and abroad. The research on the fire extinguishing measures of lithium iron phosphate batteries is a worldwide problem, and suitable fire extinguishing schemes are searched all over the world.
The energy storage battery compartment is a main device of a chemical energy storage power station, and is generally built by using a standard container, hundreds of lithium iron phosphate battery modules are arranged in the energy storage battery compartment, and each battery module consists of dozens of single batteries (see figure 1). Under the conditions of overcharge, overload and the like, the lithium iron phosphate battery in the energy storage battery compartment generates chemical reaction inside the battery to continuously generate heat, and the heat is accumulated to cause thermal runaway to cause fire and even explosion, so that the energy storage battery compartment has higher fire hazard danger. Research results show that the fire hazard of the lithium iron phosphate battery is mainly reflected in that: the temperature for thermal runaway is lower (about 140 ℃); the combustion temperature of the battery is high, the highest temperature of the battery module can reach more than 700 ℃ when the battery module is combusted, and the highest temperature of the cluster-level battery exceeds 1000 ℃ when the cluster-level battery is combusted; a large amount of combustible gas is generated in the thermal runaway process, and the explosion risk is caused in an energy storage battery compartment (closed space); and fourthly, a large number of single batteries are arranged in the energy storage battery compartment (1 energy storage battery compartment can contain about 1 ten thousand single batteries at most), and the fire hazard is in direct proportion to the number of the single batteries.
The fire extinguishing agent suitable for extinguishing lithium iron phosphate fire is characterized by having strong continuous cooling capacity while extinguishing fire rapidly, and the water-based fire extinguishing agent has good cooling efficiency, can effectively inhibit thermal runaway of lithium batteries, and is a good fire extinguishing medium. However, the water-based fire extinguishing agent may have water stain influence to cause secondary damage to the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the water-based fire extinguishing system (such as a water mist fire extinguishing system) has higher anti-freezing pressure when being used in a high and cold area, and in addition, the water-based system has the risk of secondary disaster caused by misoperation.
The perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is an excellent substitute of a novel Halon and HFCs fire extinguishing agent, has good fire suppression capability, does not produce harm and damage effects on protected objects, has outstanding advantages, is controversial whether the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is suitable for extinguishing energy storage lithium battery fire and suppressing thermal runaway thereof, and is lack of relevant design specifications: research shows that the perfluorohexanone has the capability of quickly extinguishing the open fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery and has certain cooling efficiency; if certain fire extinguishing agent concentration and enough immersion time cannot be maintained, the perfluorohexanone cannot inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery; at present, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system as a novel fire extinguishing system lacks design specifications (standards) with guiding significance, only Shandong province publishes local standards 'design, construction and acceptance criteria of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing systems' (DB37/T3642-2019, hereinafter called Shandong Langmen), but relevant design parameters of lithium battery fires are not given in the Shandong Langmen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, can solve the fire fighting problem of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, and promotes the large-scale application of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, which adopts a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding to quickly extinguish open fire in a lithium iron phosphate battery taking a battery cluster as a local application protection unit and taking the whole prefabricated cabin of the energy storage battery as a total flooding fire extinguishing object and inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery.
In some embodiments, the method comprises the steps of:
after the ignition point of the energy storage battery prefabricated cabin appears, the fire extinguishing system quickly detects and positions the ignition point of the battery cluster;
the fire extinguishing system releases perfluorohexanone, and open fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery is extinguished in a local application mode in a region where the battery cluster is on fire;
when the perfluorohexanone is diffused to the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin, the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin is constructed to be a fully submerged fire extinguishing object so as to cool the un-ignited batteries;
and then, the fire extinguishing system adopts an intermittent point-spraying perfluorohexanone mode, and the thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited by maintaining the concentration of perfluorohexanone during local application and total flooding. In some embodiments, the fire suppression system comprises a perfluorohexanone host, a pipe network, a nebulizer jet, and a detection system;
the perfluorohexanone host machine conveys perfluorohexanone through a pipe network, and the pipe network is connected with the atomizing spray head;
the detection system is used for quickly detecting and positioning the ignition point of the battery cluster;
the perfluorohexanone main machine is used for conveying perfluorohexanone to an ignition point so as to extinguish open fire in the lithium iron phosphate battery and inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery.
In some embodiments, the detection system comprises a plurality of detection heads linked with the perfluorohexanone host machine, and the detection heads are uniformly distributed on the battery cluster.
In some embodiments, the atomizer is arranged beside the battery cluster, and when a certain battery module catches fire, the atomizer of the whole battery cluster acts simultaneously to spray perfluorohexanone to the outside of the whole battery cluster.
In some embodiments, the pipe network is including the person in charge, be in charge of and the branch pipe that connects gradually, be in charge of and be in charge of for the galvanized steel pipe, the branch pipe is the hose, the hose is used for being connected with atomizer, be in charge of and be used for being connected with the perfluor hexanone host computer, be equipped with electronic ball valve on the branch pipe, when detecting system detects the conflagration, the electronic ball valve linkage on the branch pipe on the battery cluster that corresponds to catch fire is opened, and fire extinguishing system puts out a fire to the battery cluster or the battery module that catch fire through this atomizer on being in charge of, and this moment, electronic ball valve on other branch pipes is in the closed condition.
In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing method comprises a first fire extinguishing stage and a second fire extinguishing stage, when the fire extinguishing system is in the first fire extinguishing stage, the fire extinguishing system adopts a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding to quickly extinguish open fire and inhibit thermal runaway of the open fire, and when the fire extinguishing system is in the second fire extinguishing stage, perfluorohexanone is regularly and intermittently sprayed to maintain the concentration of perfluorohexanone in local and whole compartments of a battery cluster, so that the thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited.
In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing system is used for extinguishing fire in the second fire extinguishing stage by adopting a program control mode, controlling the spraying amount of the perfluorohexanone at each time, and controlling the spraying time, interval and times of the perfluorohexanone.
In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing system extinguishes fire in the second fire extinguishing stage, the spraying amount of the perfluorohexanone is 2.88L each time, the spraying time is 15S, the spraying interval is 30S, and the spraying times are 20 times.
In some embodiments, the storage tank capacity for perfluorohexanone in the fire suppression system is 90L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, which adopts a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding to quickly extinguish open fire in a lithium iron phosphate battery taking a battery module as a local application protection unit and taking the whole prefabricated cabin of the energy storage battery as a total flooding fire extinguishing object and inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The invention can overcome the defects in the prior art, solve the fire-fighting problem of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery and promote the large-scale application of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery.
The invention can effectively extinguish fire in the energy storage battery compartment and inhibit thermal runaway development, does not have harm and damage effects on a protected object, and does not have secondary disasters; the invention adopts a one-control mode to protect the energy storage battery compartment, and has the advantages of higher reliability, lower manufacturing cost, good antifreezing performance and wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage battery prefabricated cabin in a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a working schematic diagram of a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1.1, prefabricating a cabin of the energy storage battery; 1.2, a battery cluster; 1.3, a battery module;
2.1, a perfluorohexanone host; 2.2, a water conveying pump; 2.3, storing the tank; 2.4, a main pipe; 2.5, dividing the pipe; 2.6, branch pipes; 2.7, an electric ball valve; 2.8, an atomizing spray head; 2.9, a probe head.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, solve the fire-fighting problem of the prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery and promote the large-scale application of the prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, the invention provides a perfluorohexanone fire-fighting method which combines local application and total flooding and combines a large-dose release fire extinguishing agent at the initial stage and a continuous point spraying, supplementing and extinguishing agent at the later stage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery is used for extinguishing a fire of the prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, and the schematic structural diagram of the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery is shown in figure 1 and comprises the prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the energy storage battery, a battery cluster 1.2 and a battery module 1.3.
A fire extinguishing system is arranged in the prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery and comprises a perfluorohexanone host machine 2.1, a pipe network, an atomizing nozzle 2.8 and a detection system.
The perfluorohexanone host machine 2.1 conveys perfluorohexanone through a pipe network, and the pipe network is connected with the atomizing spray head 2.8.
The detection system is used to quickly detect and locate the ignition of the battery cluster 1.2.
The perfluorohexanone main machine 2.1 is used for conveying perfluorohexanone to an ignition point so as to extinguish open fire in the lithium iron phosphate battery and inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery.
It should be noted that the detection system includes a plurality of detecting heads 2.9 linked with the perfluorohexanone host computer 2.1, and the detecting heads 2.9 are evenly arranged on the battery cluster 1.2.
The atomizer 2.8 is arranged on the battery cluster 1.2, and when the battery cluster 1.2 is ignited, the atomizer 2.8 arranged on the battery cluster 1.2 sprays perfluorohexanone to the ignited battery cluster 1.2.
The pipe network is including the person in charge 2.4, the branch pipe 2.5 and the branch pipe 2.6 that connect gradually, be responsible for 2.4 and be the galvanized steel pipe with the branch pipe 2.5, branch pipe 2.6 is the hose, the hose is used for being connected with atomizer 2.8, be responsible for 2.4 and be used for being connected with perfluor hexanone host computer 2.1, be equipped with electric ball valve 2.7 on the branch pipe 2.5, when detecting system detects the conflagration, electric ball valve 2.7 linkage on the branch pipe 2.5 on the battery module 1.3 that corresponds to catch a fire is opened.
Specifically, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent can be conveyed by a water pump 2.2 or a nitrogen cylinder, each battery module 1.3 is provided with a branch pipe 2.5 and a plurality of branch pipes 2.6, each branch pipe 2.5 is provided with an electric ball valve 2.7, and each branch pipe 2.6 is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles 2.8.
In the present invention, the storage tank 2.3 for perfluorohexanone in the fire extinguishing system has a capacity of 90L. The storage tank 2.3 capacity of perfluorohexanone can be set to 100L or 80L by those skilled in the art, and the invention is not limited herein.
The invention provides a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin 1.1 of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, which comprises the following steps:
the operating principle diagram of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1 is shown in figure 2, and the operating principle diagram is that the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method combining local application and total flooding is adopted to quickly extinguish open fire in the lithium iron phosphate battery which takes the electric battery cluster 1.2 as a local application protection unit and takes the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1 as a total flooding fire extinguishing object and inhibit thermal runaway of the fire.
Specifically, the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps:
after the ignition point of the energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1 appears, the fire extinguishing system quickly detects and positions the ignition point of the battery cluster 1.2;
the fire extinguishing system starts the equipment such as the valve atomizing nozzle 2.8 and the like in the area on fire, the perfluorohexanone is quickly released, and the open fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery is extinguished in the area 1.2 of the battery cluster on fire in a local application mode of the fire extinguishing agent.
Then, the fire extinguishing agent is filled into the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1, and after the perfluorohexanone is filled into the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1, the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1 is constructed to be a full-submerged fire extinguishing object so as to protect (cool) the unfired battery.
And then, the fire extinguishing system adopts an intermittent point-spraying perfluorohexanone mode, and the thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited by maintaining the concentration of perfluorohexanone during local application and total flooding.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can use the battery cluster 1.2 as the local application unit of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system, and the arrangement of the atomizer 2.8 can be divided into cluster level and battery module 1.3 level: when a cluster-level scheme is adopted, a plurality of fire extinguishing agent atomizing nozzles 2.8 are uniformly arranged beside a tested battery cluster; when adopting the 1.3 level scheme of battery module, every battery module 1.3 all sets up an atomizer 2.8. After a certain battery cluster is on fire, the corresponding atomizing nozzles 2.8 spray perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agents to the battery cluster 1.2 or the battery module 1.3 on fire, open fire caused by combustible gas of the lithium iron phosphate battery is extinguished by rapidly reducing the ambient temperature of the battery cluster, and the nozzle arrangement and fire extinguishing mode is a local application mode.
It should be understood that the invention can also take the whole prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the energy storage battery as the object of the perfluorohexanone total flooding fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing agent is diffused to flood the whole experimental cabin through the atomizing nozzles 2.8 of the battery cluster at the fire, so as to form the total flooding system.
Through set up a plurality of detecting heads 2.9 on every battery cluster 1.2 to detecting heads 2.9 evenly arranged, and detecting heads 2.9 and host control system linkage, when detecting the system to the conflagration, the electronic ball valve 2.7 linkage on the fire extinguishing agent delivery branch pipe 2.5 on the battery cluster 1.2 that corresponds to on fire is opened to put out a fire.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the fire extinguishing method includes a first fire extinguishing stage and a second fire extinguishing stage, when the fire extinguishing system is in the first fire extinguishing stage, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding is adopted to quickly extinguish open fire and inhibit thermal runaway thereof, when the fire extinguishing system is in the second fire extinguishing stage, the fire extinguishing agent is subsequently sprayed through regular intermittent points, so that the concentrations of the fire extinguishing agent in the local area and the whole cabin of the battery cluster are maintained, and thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited.
Specifically, after detecting that a battery at a certain position is on fire, the electric ball valve 2.7 corresponding to the battery cluster 1.2 where the battery is located is linked and opened, the fire extinguishing system host is started, the fire extinguishing agent is used for spraying a certain amount of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent to the battery cluster 1.2 or the battery module 1.3 on fire through the main pipe 2.4-branch pipe 2.5-electric ball valve 2.7-atomizing spray head 2.8, and open fire caused by combustible gas of the lithium iron phosphate battery is extinguished by rapidly reducing the ambient temperature of the battery cluster 1.2. And the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed at regular intermittent points subsequently, so that the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the local part and the whole cabin of the battery cluster 1.2 is kept, and the thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited.
When the fire extinguishing system extinguishes fire in the second fire extinguishing stage, the spraying amount of the perfluorohexanone at each time is controlled in a program control mode, and the spraying time, interval and times of the perfluorohexanone are scientifically controlled.
When the fire extinguishing system extinguishes fire in the second fire extinguishing stage, the spraying amount of perfluorohexanone is 2.88L (for a standard cabin), the spraying time is 15S, the spraying interval is 30S, and the spraying times are 20. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the spraying amount, spraying time, spraying interval and spraying times of the perfluorohexanone per time of the fire extinguishing by the fire extinguishing system in the second fire extinguishing stage can be adjusted according to the project requirements, and the invention is not limited herein.
Example (b):
in order to better describe the fire extinguishing method, the fire extinguishing method is described in detail through a certain 'wind-light-storage' integrated project in the inner Mongolia environment.
The construction scale of the energy storage part of the project is 14 ten thousand kW multiplied by 2h, 88 energy storage battery cabins are arranged, and the energy storage batteries adopt lithium iron phosphate batteries. The prefabricated cabin 1.1 of energy storage battery is built by using a standard container, and the specifications are as follows: l × B × H is 12.2 × 2.4 × 2.8 m. 10 battery clusters are arranged in each energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1, each battery cluster is composed of 33 lithium iron phosphate battery modules 1.3, each battery module 1.3 is provided with 24 single batteries in parallel connection with 8 single batteries, 7920 single batteries are arranged in the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1, and the rated capacity of the single batteries is 150 Ah. Considering local extreme low temperature weather (extreme low temperature is nearly-40 ℃), a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system is adopted to protect the energy storage battery compartment after passing a model test.
The model test takes a battery cluster as a basic protection object, and adopts a nonstandard cabin smaller than the actual engineering as a test shelter. All battery cluster models used for the test adopt full-size models, including: the single lithium battery is a square lithium iron phosphate battery (product entity) with the capacity of 150Ah, and the external dimension is L multiplied by B multiplied by H, which is 174mm multiplied by 170mm multiplied by 48 mm; battery module for test 1.3 (battery box) model size: l multiplied by B multiplied by H is 655mm multiplied by 510mm multiplied by 190mm, wherein 5 solid batteries are replaced by an equal-size model at the rest positions; battery cluster model size: l × B × H1781 mm × 658mm × 2369 mm. In the battery cluster, except experimental battery module 1.3, other battery modules 1.3 that operating condition put are empty cases. The battery cluster model is placed in an energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1, and the size of the energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1 adopted in the test is L multiplied by B multiplied by H (3500 mm multiplied by 2450m multiplied by 3200 mm) (a non-standard cabin is smaller than an actual engineering). A certain single battery is selected as a test battery, heating equipment is installed at the lower part of the single battery, a plurality of temperature measuring devices are arranged around the test battery, and the temperature of the battery at the adjacent position and the temperature in a battery box are monitored. The perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is injected through 6 atomizer nozzles 2.8, the atomizer nozzles 2.8 are arranged at the rear side of the battery cluster.
The fire test results of the invention are as follows: the heating device is started to heat the test battery, the power supply of the heating device is closed after the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the fire is ignited by adopting open fire, the fire suppression device is manually started after the battery is continuously combusted for 3min after the fire is ignited (the temperature of the back surface of the heated battery is 149 ℃ at the moment), the fire extinguishing device mainly adopts the first-time spraying to extinguish the open fire by using a large amount of fire extinguishing agent, the thermal runaway is suppressed by the subsequent point spraying, and the spraying action procedure is shown in the table 1. After about 4 seconds after the fire extinguishing device acts, open fire is extinguished, and then 30 minutes later, the temperature of other temperature measuring points in the battery box is 89.8 ℃ at most except the temperature measuring points at the two sides of the thermal runaway battery. Only one battery (test battery) in the battery module 1.3 is out of control due to heat, and other batteries are kept complete and have normal voltage, which indicates that the fire extinguishing test of the model is successful.
TABLE 1 atomizer spray action program
| Number of injections | Interval(s) | Time of spraying(s) | Amount of fire extinguishing agent (L) |
| 1 st time | 0 | 15 | 10.8 |
| 2 nd time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 3 rd time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 4 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 5 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 6 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 7 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 8 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 9 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 10 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 11 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 12 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 13 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 14 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| The 15 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 16 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 17 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 18 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 19 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| 20 th time | 60 | 2 | 1.44 |
| Total up to | 1140 | 53 | 38.16 |
The test time of the test is 20min, wherein the cumulative spraying time of the fire extinguishing agent is 53S.
The fire extinguishing mechanism of the model test of the invention is as follows:
unlike the uniform arrangement of the atomizer nozzles 2.8 in the cabin required for a total flooding fire suppression system, the fire suppressant atomizer nozzles 2.8 in the model test were arranged on the side of the test cell cluster (near the fire). After the conflagration takes place, atomizer 2.8 forms the closed cover in order to the battery cluster of catching fire to put 15S perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, near battery cluster 1.2, and the fire extinguishing agent make-up volume is greater than its diffusion volume this moment, forms local higher concentration in the closed cover, through reducing battery cluster ambient temperature rapidly, puts out the naked light that lithium iron phosphate battery combustible gas (methane etc.) arouses, and its atomizer arranges and the mode of putting out a fire this moment is local application mode. Thereafter the fire suppressant is spread over the entire test shelter, forming a total flooding system. And the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed at regular intermittent points subsequently, so that the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the local part and the whole cabin of the battery cluster is kept, and the thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited. Estimated that the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent sprayed in 15S corresponds to the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the whole cabin to be about 4.5 percent, and the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the whole cabin is about 14 percent after the fire extinguishing agent is completely sprayed.
It should be understood that the key points for the model test of the present invention to successfully extinguish fires and inhibit thermal runaway experience are as follows: (1) the fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding is adopted, local concentration advantage is formed near the battery cluster on fire, and the whole cabin is a total flooding fire extinguishing mode and is a better mode for effectively utilizing the fire extinguishing agent. (2) After the open fire is extinguished, the perfluorohexanone is intermittently sprayed, and the concentration of local and total flooding is maintained through the continuous supplement of the fire extinguishing agent, so that the thermal runaway is favorably inhibited; (3) it is emphasized that the test used higher fire extinguishing concentrations throughout the cabin.
In practical engineering application, the unit of firing at the same time in the prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the energy storage battery is taken as a single battery, the system adopts a scheme of local application and total flooding, one battery cluster is taken as a local application unit, and the whole energy storage battery cabin is taken as a total flooding fire extinguishing system object. After the solid volumes of the batteries and the like in the energy storage battery cabin are deducted, the space of the engineering energy storage battery cabin is about 2 times of that of the solid model test. Based on model test conclusion and the arrangement and actual space of the energy storage battery compartment of the project, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system of the energy storage battery compartment has the main scheme as follows: each prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the energy storage battery is provided with a set of perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing system, please refer to fig. 2, the system is composed of perfluoro hexanone host machines 2.1 (comprising a storage device, a conveying device, a control system and the like), a pipe network and atomizing nozzles 2.8, perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing agents are conveyed by a pump set, a main pipe 2.4 and branch pipes 2.5 are galvanized steel pipes of DN15, branch pipes 2.6 adopt DN8 hoses, each battery cluster is provided with a zone control valve (an electric ball valve 2.7) and 3 branch pipes 2.6, each branch pipe 2.6 is provided with 4 nozzles, each battery cluster is provided with 12 atomizing nozzles 2.8 (the number is 2 times of that of a model test and corresponds to 2 times of an actual energy storage battery cabin space about that of an entity model test), and after temperature and altitude correction, the fire extinguishing agent is designed to be 90L, and the corresponding fire extinguishing concentration is equivalent to the corresponding concentration of the model test.
Wherein, every battery cluster sets up 8 monitoring module to set up a relay module, be responsible for monitoring signal transmission, and the electronic ball valve of linkage subregion 2.7. When a certain single battery generates thermal runaway fire, the monitoring module corresponding to the battery cluster is installed to detect the fire situation and feed back the fire extinguishing device host to start the system, and simultaneously the electric ball valve 2.7 in the area is opened in a linkage manner, and the fire extinguishing agent is simultaneously sprayed by 12 atomizing nozzles 2.8 of the battery cluster. The atomizing nozzle 2.8 adopts multi-point intermittent spot spraying, the first spraying is mainly used for extinguishing open fire, the subsequent spot spraying is used for inhibiting thermal runaway, and the spraying procedure is the same as a model test. The system has the functions of automatic control, local manual control, remote manual control, emergency operation and the like.
It should be noted that the design code of gas fire extinguishing system (GB50370-2005) and the landmark of Shandong require: the storage device 72h of the gas fire extinguishing system can not be refilled for recovery, and the spare amount is set according to 100% of the original storage amount of the system. The number of times of fire is 1 in consideration of the engineering design, and a public standby mode is adopted for the perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing agent, namely the fire extinguishing agent of 1 set of perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing system is reserved in the whole energy storage station.
The invention provides a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin 1.1 of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery, which adopts a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding to quickly extinguish open fire in a lithium iron phosphate battery taking a battery module 1.3 as a local application protection unit and taking the whole prefabricated cabin 1.1 of the energy storage battery as a total flooding fire extinguishing object and inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The invention can overcome the defects in the prior art, solve the fire-fighting problem of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1 and promote the large-scale application of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin 1.1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for a prefabricated cabin of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery is characterized in that a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding is adopted, open fire in a lithium iron phosphate battery which takes a battery cluster as a local application protection unit and the whole prefabricated cabin of the energy storage battery as a total flooding fire extinguishing object is quickly extinguished, and thermal runaway of the fire is inhibited.
2. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps:
after the ignition point appears in the prefabricated cabin of the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing system quickly detects and positions the ignition point of the battery cluster;
the fire extinguishing system releases perfluorohexanone, and open fire of the lithium iron phosphate battery is extinguished in a local application mode in a region where the battery cluster is on fire;
when the perfluorohexanone is diffused to the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin, the whole energy storage battery prefabricated cabin is constructed to be a fully submerged fire extinguishing object so as to cool the un-ignited batteries;
and then, the fire extinguishing system adopts an intermittent point-spraying perfluorohexanone mode, and the thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery is inhibited by maintaining the concentration of perfluorohexanone during local application and total flooding.
3. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin, according to claim 2, characterized in that the fire extinguishing system comprises a perfluoro hexanone host, a pipe network, an atomizer and a detection system;
the perfluorohexanone host machine conveys perfluorohexanone through a pipe network, and the pipe network is connected with the atomizing spray head;
the detection system is used for quickly detecting and positioning the ignition point of the battery cluster;
the perfluorohexanone main machine is used for conveying perfluorohexanone to an ignition point so as to extinguish open fire in the lithium iron phosphate battery and inhibit thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery.
4. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the detection system comprises a plurality of detection heads linked with a perfluoro hexanone host, and the detection heads are uniformly distributed on the battery cluster.
5. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluorohexanone suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin according to claim 3, wherein the atomizer is arranged beside a battery cluster, and when a certain battery module catches fire, the atomizer of the whole battery cluster acts simultaneously to spray perfluorohexanone to the outside of the whole battery cluster.
6. The perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing method suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin, according to claim 3, characterized in that the pipe network comprises a main pipe, branch pipes and branch pipes which are connected in sequence, the main pipe and the branch pipes are galvanized steel pipes, the branch pipes are hoses, the hoses are used for being connected with atomizing nozzles, the main pipe is used for being connected with a perfluorohexanone host, electric ball valves are arranged on the branch pipes, when a detection system detects a fire, the electric ball valves on the branch pipes on the corresponding fired battery cluster are opened in a linkage mode, the fire extinguishing system sprays perfluorohexanone to the fired battery cluster or the battery module through the atomizing nozzles on the branch pipes to extinguish the fire, and at the moment, the electric ball valves on other branch pipes are in a closed state.
7. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the prefabricated cabin of the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fire extinguishing method comprises a first fire extinguishing stage and a second fire extinguishing stage, the fire extinguishing system rapidly extinguishes open fire and inhibits thermal runaway thereof in the first fire extinguishing stage by adopting a perfluoro hexanone fire extinguishing mode combining local application and total flooding, and the fire extinguishing system realizes inhibition of thermal runaway of the lithium iron phosphate battery by regularly and intermittently spraying perfluoro hexanone to maintain the concentration of the perfluoro hexanone in the local and whole cabins of the battery cluster in the second fire extinguishing stage.
8. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin, according to claim 7, wherein when the fire extinguishing system extinguishes fire in the second fire extinguishing stage, the spraying amount of the perfluoro hexanone each time is controlled in a program control mode, and the spraying time, the spraying interval and the spraying times of the perfluoro hexanone are controlled.
9. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin, according to claim 8, wherein when the fire extinguishing system extinguishes fire in the second fire extinguishing stage, the spraying amount of the perfluoro hexanone is 2.88L each time, the spraying time is 15S, the spraying interval is 30S, and the spraying times are 20 times.
10. The fire extinguishing method for the perfluoro hexanone suitable for the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery prefabricated cabin according to claim 8, wherein the storage tank capacity of the perfluoro hexanone in the fire extinguishing system is 90L.
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