CN111821615A - Fire extinguishing and cooling system of prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing and cooling system of prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen Download PDFInfo
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- CN111821615A CN111821615A CN202010659494.XA CN202010659494A CN111821615A CN 111821615 A CN111821615 A CN 111821615A CN 202010659494 A CN202010659494 A CN 202010659494A CN 111821615 A CN111821615 A CN 111821615A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
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Abstract
The invention provides a fire extinguishing and cooling system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen, which comprises a liquid nitrogen pump, a liquid nitrogen storage tank, a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube, an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve, a remote controller, a spray head, a pressure gauge and a hose, wherein a battery rack is also displayed in a prefabricated cabin; the system is placed in the prefabricated cabin, and after the lithium ion battery is subjected to thermal runaway to cause fire, liquid nitrogen is sprayed on the battery in the prefabricated cabin, the liquid nitrogen is vaporized into nitrogen, the volume is rapidly expanded, the oxygen concentration around the battery is reduced, flame cannot be maintained, and fire extinguishment is further realized. Meanwhile, the liquid nitrogen can absorb a large amount of heat by vaporization, and after the liquid nitrogen acts on the surface of the battery, the surface temperature of the battery is effectively reduced, and the battery is cooled, so that thermal runaway propagation among the batteries is prevented. Finally, because a large amount of nitrogen is accumulated in the prefabricated cabin, the concentration and the temperature of combustible gas generated due to thermal runaway of the battery are reduced, and the occurrence of afterburning of the battery is inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safety, relates to the field of lithium ion battery fire suppression, and particularly relates to a fire extinguishing and cooling system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen.
Background
In recent years, the use of fossil energy has begun to decrease due to air pollution and greenhouse effect, and lithium ion batteries having high energy density, long cycle life, and small self-discharge have been in the trend. More and more electrochemical energy storage power stations use lithium ion batteries as energy storage carriers. The size of prefabricated cabin electrochemical energy storage stations will be further expanded in the future. Although lithium ion batteries have many advantages as a new energy source, they still have some dangers, especially in the abuse situation, heat runaway and fire hazard are easy to occur. Batteries in the prefabricated cabin are closely arranged together, if one battery is out of control due to heat, no good cooling measure is provided, even if open fire is extinguished, the residual temperature of the battery is still high, re-ignition is easy to occur, and meanwhile, the adjacent batteries are likely to be out of control due to high temperature, so that the heat of the batteries in the prefabricated cabin is propagated out of control, large-scale fire or explosion accidents are caused, and economic loss and casualties are caused.
At present, the existing fire extinguishing system in the prefabricated cabin of the electrochemical energy storage station only carries a gas fire extinguishing system, and has serious defects and shortcomings. Although the battery conflagration can effectively be extinguish to gaseous fire extinguishing systems, the cooling effect is poor, the temperature after the battery is put out a fire is still very high, and the inside exothermic reaction of battery is still going on owing to the high temperature that does not in time dispel, the heat passes to adjacent battery through modes such as heat-conduction, this will probably induce adjacent battery to take place the thermal runaway, and then take place the thermal runaway propagation, cause large-scale conflagration, and because going on of battery thermal runaway time and follow-up internal reaction, a large amount of high temperature combustible gas that the battery produced can not obtain effectual processing, the danger of battery after-combustion has been increased. However, fire extinguishing and cooling systems suitable for prefabricated cabins of electrochemical energy storage stations are rare, and the safety requirements of prefabricated cabin type energy storage stations cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems and make up the defects of poor cooling effect and the like of a gas fire extinguishing system, the invention provides a more efficient fire extinguishing and cooling system aiming at the characteristics of battery fire in a prefabricated cabin of an electrochemical energy storage station, namely the fire extinguishing and cooling system of the prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen. The fire extinguishing and cooling system has the functions of extinguishing open fire and cooling, can quickly extinguish the open fire after the battery is out of control due to thermal runaway and has a fire hazard, reduces the temperature of the battery and high-temperature combustible gas, dilutes the concentration of high-temperature combustible smoke, prevents thermal runaway propagation and battery reburning in the battery pack, and prevents further expansion of the battery fire hazard.
The fire extinguishing system disclosed by the invention directly acts on the battery, after the thermal runaway occurs, the oxygen concentration around the battery is reduced through the vaporization volume expansion of liquid nitrogen, so that the flame cannot be maintained, and the rapid fire extinguishing is realized. Meanwhile, a large amount of heat is absorbed by vaporization, the surface temperature of the battery is effectively reduced, and the battery is cooled, so that the occurrence of thermal runaway propagation between batteries is prevented. Because a large amount of nitrogen gas is gathered in the prefabricated cabin, the concentration and the temperature of combustible gas generated due to thermal runaway of the battery are reduced, the battery is prevented from reburning, the further expansion of the fire hazard of the battery is controlled, the property loss and the casualties are effectively reduced, and the safety of an energy storage system is ensured.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a fire extinguishing and cooling system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen comprises:
the system comprises a liquid nitrogen pump, a liquid nitrogen storage tank, a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube, an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve, a remote controller, a spray head, a pressure gauge and a hose, wherein a battery rack is also displayed in a prefabricated cabin; the liquid nitrogen pump is connected into the liquid nitrogen storage tank through a hose to provide pressure for the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and the liquid nitrogen pump is connected with a pressure gauge and used for indicating the pressure condition in real time; the liquid nitrogen outlet pipe at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected to a liquid nitrogen vacuum pipe through an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve, and the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve is arranged on the liquid nitrogen vacuum pipe close to one end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outlet pipe; the liquid nitrogen pump and the liquid nitrogen storage tank are arranged at the corners of the prefabricated cabin, the spray heads are arranged above the battery racks on two sides in the prefabricated cabin, and the action range of the spray heads covers the whole battery racks.
Furthermore, the liquid nitrogen pump and the liquid nitrogen storage tank are installed at the corners of the prefabricated cabin, the liquid nitrogen pump is connected with the liquid nitrogen storage tank to provide pressure drive for liquid nitrogen, the spray heads are located above battery racks on two sides in the prefabricated cabin, and the number of the spray heads is multiple.
Furthermore, the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve is positioned on a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube close to one end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank and is controlled by a remote controller; when the pressure reaches the preset requirement, the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve is opened, the pipeline is communicated, and the liquid nitrogen is released from the spray head, wherein the ultralow temperature refers to that the medium temperature range applicable to the electromagnetic valve is-196 ℃ below zero-60 ℃.
Further, the battery has been placed on the battery frame, after the battery thermal runaway took place the fire disaster, liquid nitrogen was put out a fire to the cooling system and liquid nitrogen was spouted to the liquid nitrogen cooling system, is nitrogen gas through the liquid nitrogen vaporization, and volume expansion reduces the oxygen concentration around the battery, makes flame unable the maintenance, realizes putting out a fire.
Furthermore, the liquid nitrogen absorbs heat released by fire when being vaporized, and reduces the temperature of high-temperature smoke in the prefabricated cabin and the surface temperature of the battery.
Furthermore, the usage amount of the liquid nitrogen is set according to the number of the batteries in the prefabricated cabin of the applied electrochemical energy storage station, and the heat absorption amount of the liquid nitrogen is ensured to be larger than the heat required for reducing the temperature of the batteries.
Further, the amount of liquid nitrogen released is related to the capacity of the battery in the prefabricated cabin, namely, the amount of heat absorbed by a liquid nitrogen cooling system is ensured to be larger than the amount of heat required by the battery for cooling the battery from high temperature to room temperature, and the amount of liquid nitrogen required for cooling each kilogram of the battery is estimated by the following formula:
heat absorbed per kg liquid nitrogen: qa＝Q1+Q2
Wherein Q1Heat absorbed for vaporization per kilogram of liquid nitrogen, which is 199kJ, Q2The heat absorbed by nitrogen from-196 ℃ to 20 ℃ is calculated by the formula: q2＝C1m1Δt1＝1.083×1×216＝233.93kJ；C1The specific heat capacity of nitrogen is 1.083 kJ/(kg. DEG C.), m1Is the mass of nitrogen,. DELTA.t1Is the nitrogen temperature variation.
Thus obtaining Qa＝432.93kJ；
Heat generated per kg of cell thermal runaway: qb＝C2m2Δt2＝1.1×1×(600-20)＝638kJ；
Wherein, C2The specific heat capacity of the battery is 1.1kJ/(kg DEG C.) and m2Is the quality of the battery, Δ t2Is the battery temperature variation.
Thus, the amount of liquid nitrogen required to cool each kilogram of cell is m ═ Qb/Qa(ii) a Considering that liquid nitrogen is lost during storage and transportation, spraying, the mass of liquid nitrogen required to cool each kilogram of cell should be greater than m.
Further, after a certain single battery in the prefabricated cabin generates thermal runaway and triggers fire, the liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing and cooling system is started, and firstly: starting a liquid nitrogen pump, starting to pressurize a liquid nitrogen storage tank, starting an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve when the pressure meets the requirement, opening a valve, enabling liquid nitrogen to enter a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube from the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and finally spraying out the liquid nitrogen from a spray head; after being sprayed out from the spray head, the liquid nitrogen instantly absorbs heat and is vaporized into nitrogen, and the nitrogen with expanded volume acts around the battery to reduce the oxygen concentration, so that flame can not be maintained, and fire extinguishment is realized; the low-temperature nitrogen rapidly acts on the prefabricated cabin to absorb the heat of the surface of the battery and the fire high-temperature smoke in the prefabricated cabin and reduce the temperature of the battery and the prefabricated cabin, so that the heat absorbed by adjacent batteries is reduced, thermal runaway cannot occur, and the propagation of the thermal runaway between the batteries is prevented; the volume of the vaporized liquid nitrogen expands rapidly, a large amount of space of the prefabricated cabin is occupied by the nonflammable nitrogen, the concentration of the flammable gas is reduced, the risk of the battery reignition is weakened, and the battery fire is prevented from further spreading.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the system adopts liquid nitrogen for fire extinguishing and cooling, overcomes the defect of using a single fire extinguishing agent, can effectively cool the battery in time while extinguishing the fire, and prevents harm from being enlarged or generated again;
2. the cooling medium used by the system is liquid nitrogen, so that the cooling capacity is high, and the battery is harmless;
3. the system reduces the oxygen concentration by using the principle of nitrogen vaporization volume expansion to realize fire extinguishing; the concentration of the combustible gas is diluted, the further reaction of the combustible gas is inhibited, and the condition of afterburning and the like of the battery is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing and cooling system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing and cooling system in the prefabricated cabin.
Description of the major element numbers:
1: liquid nitrogen pump
2: liquid nitrogen storage tank
3: liquid nitrogen vacuum tube
4: ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve
5: pressure gauge
6: flexible pipe
7: spray head
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention without creative efforts.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a fire extinguishing and cooling system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen is provided, and the system is started after a battery is out of control due to thermal runaway to cause fire. The device has the main effects of extinguishing battery open fire, rapidly cooling the surface of the battery and high-temperature flue gas in the prefabricated cabin, reducing the concentration of combustible gas generated due to thermal runaway of the battery in the prefabricated cabin and preventing the battery from reburning.
The system mainly comprises a liquid nitrogen pump 1, a liquid nitrogen storage tank 2, a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube 3, an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve 4, a pressure gauge 5, a hose 6, a spray head 7 and the like. The liquid nitrogen pump 1 is connected into the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2 through a hose 6 to provide pressure for the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2, and the liquid nitrogen pump 1 is connected with a pressure gauge 5 to indicate the pressure condition in real time; the liquid nitrogen outlet pipe at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected to a liquid nitrogen vacuum pipe 3 through an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve 4, and the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve 4 is arranged on the liquid nitrogen vacuum pipe 3 close to one end of the outlet pipe of the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2 so as to reduce the loss of liquid nitrogen in a pipeline; the liquid nitrogen pump 1 and the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2 are installed at the corners of the prefabricated cabin, the spray head 7 is installed above the battery racks on two sides in the prefabricated cabin, and the action range of the spray head 7 covers the whole battery rack.
Further, the cooling medium of the liquid nitrogen cooling system is liquid nitrogen, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is-196 ℃, and the liquid nitrogen is vaporized into colorless, non-corrosive and inert nitrogen gas at normal temperature. When the liquid nitrogen is vaporized, the volume is rapidly expanded, the whole prefabricated cabin is filled in a short time, the oxygen concentration is reduced, and the fire is extinguished. Meanwhile, the liquid nitrogen is vaporized to absorb a large amount of heat, so that the temperature of the battery and high-temperature flue gas is reduced, and the battery is prevented from thermal runaway propagation. The nitrogen also reduces the concentration of combustible gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery in the prefabricated cabin, and reduces the risk of reburning the battery.
Further, liquid nitrogen is stored in a liquid nitrogen storage tank, is provided with pressure by a liquid nitrogen pump 1, passes through a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube 3 and is finally sprayed out by a spray head 7. Liquid nitrogen pump 1 and ultra-low temperature solenoid valve 4 all have remote controller control, and when starting, liquid nitrogen pump 1 starts, and when pressure reached the requirement, ultra-low temperature solenoid valve 4 opened, and the liquid nitrogen releases.
Further, shower nozzle 7 is installed in prefabricated under-deck both sides battery rack top, and 7 quantity of shower nozzle can be adjusted according to operating condition for 7 application ranges of shower nozzle cover whole battery racks, guarantee that the liquid nitrogen can use the battery of thermal runaway in the short time, effectively cool down the battery.
Furthermore, the release amount of the liquid nitrogen is related to the capacity of the battery in the prefabricated cabin, namely, the heat absorbed by a liquid nitrogen cooling system is ensured to be larger than the heat required by the battery for reducing the temperature from high temperature to room temperature. The amount of liquid nitrogen required to cool each kilogram of cell can be estimated by the following equation.
Heat absorbed per kg liquid nitrogen: qa＝Q1+Q2
Wherein Q1Heat absorbed for vaporization per kilogram of liquid nitrogen, which is 199kJ, Q2The heat absorbed by nitrogen from-196 ℃ to 20 ℃ is calculated by the formula: q2＝C1m1Δt1＝1.083×1×216＝233.93kJ；C1The specific heat capacity of nitrogen is 1.083 kJ/(kg. DEG C.), m1Is the mass of nitrogen,. DELTA.t1Is the nitrogen temperature variation.
Thus obtaining Qa＝432.93kJ
Heat generated per kg of cell thermal runaway: qb＝C2m2Δt2＝1.1×1×(600-20)＝638kJ
Wherein, C2The specific heat capacity of the battery is 1.1kJ/(kg DEG C.) and m2Is the quality of the battery, Δ t2Is the battery temperature variation.
Thus, the amount of liquid nitrogen required to cool each kilogram of cell is about m-Qb/Qb1.47 kg. Considering the liquid nitrogen in storage andthe loss is caused in the transportation and injection processes, so the mass of liquid nitrogen required for cooling each kilogram of batteries is more than 1.47kg, and the specific numerical value is determined by combining the practical conditions of experiments, batteries and the like.
The system of the invention has the following working process:
after a certain single battery in the prefabricated cabin generates thermal runaway and causes fire disaster, the liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing and cooling system is started, the liquid nitrogen pump 1 is started to pressurize the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2, when the pressure meets the requirement, the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, the valve is opened, the liquid nitrogen enters the liquid nitrogen vacuum tube 3 from the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2, and finally the liquid nitrogen is sprayed out by the spray head 7. The liquid nitrogen is vaporized into nitrogen after being sprayed out of the spray head, the volume is rapidly expanded, the oxygen concentration around the battery is reduced, the flame cannot be maintained, and the fire extinguishment is realized. Meanwhile, a large amount of heat is absorbed by vaporization, the temperature of high-temperature flue gas in the prefabricated cabin is reduced, then low-temperature nitrogen rapidly acts on the surface of the battery, the heat on the surface of the battery is absorbed, the temperature of the battery is reduced, the heat absorbed by adjacent batteries is not enough for thermal runaway, and further thermal runaway propagation of the battery is inhibited. Moreover, as the volume of the liquid nitrogen rapidly expands after vaporization, a large amount of space of the prefabricated cabin is occupied by the nonflammable nitrogen, the concentration of the flammable gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery is reduced, the risk of reburning the battery is reduced, and further spread of the battery fire is effectively prevented.
The present embodiments are illustrative only, and do not limit the scope of the invention, and modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a cooling system that puts out a fire of prefabricated cabin formula electrochemistry energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a liquid nitrogen pump, a liquid nitrogen storage tank, a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube, an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve, a remote controller, a spray head, a pressure gauge and a hose, wherein a battery rack is also displayed in a prefabricated cabin; the liquid nitrogen pump is connected into the liquid nitrogen storage tank through a hose to provide pressure for the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and the liquid nitrogen pump is connected with a pressure gauge and used for indicating the pressure condition in real time; the liquid nitrogen outlet pipe at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected to a liquid nitrogen vacuum pipe through an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve, and the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve is arranged on the liquid nitrogen vacuum pipe close to one end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank outlet pipe; the liquid nitrogen pump and the liquid nitrogen storage tank are arranged at the corners of the prefabricated cabin, the spray heads are arranged above the battery racks on two sides in the prefabricated cabin, and the action range of the spray heads covers the whole battery racks.
2. The fire suppression and temperature reduction system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein:
the liquid nitrogen pump and the liquid nitrogen storage tank are installed at the corners of the prefabricated cabin, the liquid nitrogen pump is connected with the liquid nitrogen storage tank to provide pressure drive for liquid nitrogen, the spray heads are located above the battery racks on two sides in the prefabricated cabin, and the number of the spray heads is multiple.
3. The fire suppression and temperature reduction system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein:
the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve is positioned on a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube close to one end of the liquid nitrogen storage tank and is controlled by a remote controller; when the pressure reaches the preset requirement, the ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve is opened, the pipeline is communicated, and the liquid nitrogen is released from the spray head, wherein the ultralow temperature refers to that the medium temperature range applicable to the electromagnetic valve is-196 ℃ below zero-60 ℃.
4. The fire suppression and temperature reduction system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein:
the battery has been placed on the battery frame, after the battery thermal runaway took place the fire disaster, liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing cooling system sprayed liquid nitrogen, was nitrogen gas through the liquid nitrogen vaporization, and volume expansion reduces the oxygen concentration around the battery, made flame unable maintenance, realized putting out a fire.
5. The fire suppression and temperature reduction system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 4, wherein:
and the liquid nitrogen absorbs heat released by fire during vaporization, and reduces the temperature of high-temperature smoke in the prefabricated cabin and the surface temperature of the battery.
6. The fire suppression and temperature reduction system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein:
the usage amount of the liquid nitrogen is set according to the number of the batteries in the prefabricated cabin of the applied electrochemical energy storage station, and the vaporization heat absorption amount of the liquid nitrogen is ensured to be larger than the heat required for reducing the temperature of the batteries.
7. The fire suppression and temperature reduction system of a prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 6, wherein:
the release amount of the liquid nitrogen is related to the capacity of the battery in the prefabricated cabin, namely the heat absorbed by a liquid nitrogen cooling system is ensured to be larger than the heat required by the battery for cooling the battery from high temperature to room temperature, and the amount of the liquid nitrogen required for cooling each kilogram of the battery is estimated by the following formula:
heat absorbed per kg liquid nitrogen: qa＝Q1+Q2
Wherein Q1Heat absorbed for vaporization per kilogram of liquid nitrogen, which is 199kJ, Q2The heat absorbed by nitrogen from-196 ℃ to 20 ℃ is calculated by the formula: q2＝C1m1Δt1＝1.083×1×216＝233.93kJ；C1The specific heat capacity of nitrogen is 1.083 kJ/(kg. DEG C.), m1Is the mass of nitrogen,. DELTA.t1Is the nitrogen temperature variation;
thus obtaining Qa＝432.93kJ；
Heat generated per kg of cell thermal runaway: qb＝C2m2Δt2＝1.1×1×(600-20)＝638kJ；
Wherein, C2The specific heat capacity of the battery is 1.1kJ/(kg DEG C.) and m2Is the quality of the battery, Δ t2Is the battery temperature variation;
thus, the amount of liquid nitrogen required to cool each kilogram of cell is m ═ Qb/Qa(ii) a Cooling taking into account losses of liquid nitrogen during storage, transport and injectionThe mass of liquid nitrogen required per kilogram of cell should be greater than m.
8. The fire extinguishing and cooling system of the prefabricated cabin type electrochemical energy storage station based on liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that:
after a certain single battery in the prefabricated cabin generates thermal runaway and triggers fire, the liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing and cooling system is started, and firstly: starting a liquid nitrogen pump, starting to pressurize a liquid nitrogen storage tank, starting an ultralow temperature electromagnetic valve when the pressure meets the requirement, opening a valve, enabling liquid nitrogen to enter a liquid nitrogen vacuum tube from the liquid nitrogen storage tank, and finally spraying out the liquid nitrogen from a spray head; after being sprayed out from the spray head, the liquid nitrogen instantly absorbs heat and is vaporized into nitrogen, and the nitrogen with expanded volume acts around the battery to reduce the oxygen concentration, so that flame can not be maintained, and fire extinguishment is realized; the low-temperature nitrogen rapidly acts on the prefabricated cabin to absorb the heat of the surface of the battery and the fire high-temperature smoke in the prefabricated cabin and reduce the temperature of the battery and the prefabricated cabin, so that the heat absorbed by adjacent batteries is reduced, thermal runaway cannot occur, and the propagation of the thermal runaway between the batteries is prevented; the volume of the vaporized liquid nitrogen expands rapidly, a large amount of space of the prefabricated cabin is occupied by the nonflammable nitrogen, the concentration of the flammable gas is reduced, the risk of the battery reignition is weakened, and the battery fire is prevented from further spreading.
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| CN112023304A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2020-12-04 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Energy storage power station fire-fighting system and control method thereof |
| CN113488716A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-10-08 | 同济大学 | Cooling and fire extinguishing method and device for lithium ion battery of energy storage power station |
| CN115228013A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-25 | 安徽中科中涣防务装备技术有限公司 | Multiphase fire disposal system in energy storage shelter |
| CN115228014A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-25 | 安徽中科中涣防务装备技术有限公司 | Multi-phase and multi-type fire handling method in energy storage square cabin |
| CN116826569A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 江苏铭安电气有限公司 | Safe photovoltaic box-type substation convenient to overhaul |
| CN117919632A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 安徽中科中涣智能装备股份有限公司 | Cooling fire extinguishing explosion suppression injection system and method for energy storage power station |
| CN117919632B (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-07-02 | 安徽中科中涣智能装备股份有限公司 | Cooling fire extinguishing explosion suppression injection system and method for energy storage power station |
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| CN117919632A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 安徽中科中涣智能装备股份有限公司 | Cooling fire extinguishing explosion suppression injection system and method for energy storage power station |
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