CN114689746A - Method, device, electronic equipment and medium for screening tobacco extract characteristics - Google Patents
Method, device, electronic equipment and medium for screening tobacco extract characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN114689746A CN114689746A CN202210305108.6A CN202210305108A CN114689746A CN 114689746 A CN114689746 A CN 114689746A CN 202210305108 A CN202210305108 A CN 202210305108A CN 114689746 A CN114689746 A CN 114689746A
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- tobacco extract
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, electronic equipment and a medium for screening characteristics of tobacco extract. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract; dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample; screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample; and screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the characteristics of the tobacco extract. The technical scheme provides a scientific method for the aroma characteristics of the tobacco extract and provides reference for the development of natural spices and the flavoring application of cigarettes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco essence and spice, in particular to a method, a device, electronic equipment and a medium for screening tobacco extract characteristics.
Background
In the cigarette production process, the main chemical components and key chemical components of tobacco leaves are one of factors determining the internal quality of cigarette products, and are also the guide for developing essence and flavor for cigarettes.
In the cigarette flavoring, although various flavors and fragrances are tried to be used, the monomer with larger usage amount in the existing tobacco flavor and fragrance is still tobacco extract. On one hand, the tobacco extract is prepared from tobacco leaves, and has the effects of supplementing the characteristic fragrance of tobacco and transmitting the natural fragrance of smoke. The tobacco components with specific properties can be directionally enriched by some means, so that the tobacco with a certain grade, a certain quality or a certain style can be supplemented and replaced, and the method plays an important role in relieving the contradiction of high-quality raw material requirements and improving the product quality. On the other hand, the tobacco extract is derived from tobacco leaves, is not limited by a list of tobacco additives, and the safety is also guaranteed. However, the extracted tobacco extract inevitably contains substances such as protein, starch, wax and the like, and the macromolecular substances can have adverse effects on the sense of the cigarettes.
At present, the use of tobacco extract in cigarette flavoring is still in an empirical state, and the screening research on the characteristics of the tobacco extract is in a blank state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device, electronic equipment and a medium for screening characteristics of tobacco extract, provides a scientific reference method for quantifying aroma characteristics of the tobacco extract, and provides a reference for development of natural spices and application of cigarette flavoring.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for screening characteristics of tobacco extract, the method comprising:
obtaining a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract;
dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; wherein the quality data comprises sensory quality and a charm style;
extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample;
screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample;
and screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the characteristics of the tobacco extract.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for screening characteristics of tobacco extract, the apparatus comprising:
the sample acquisition module is used for acquiring a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract;
the sample dividing module is used for dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; wherein the quality data comprises sensory quality and a charm style;
the aroma characteristic data obtaining module is used for extracting aroma components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample;
the distinguishing characteristic data obtaining module is used for screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample;
and the tobacco extract characteristic obtaining module is used for screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the tobacco extract characteristics.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics according to any embodiment of the invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a processor to execute a method for screening tobacco extract characteristics according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of a tobacco extract are obtained; dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample; screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample; and screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the characteristics of the tobacco extract. The technical scheme provides a scientific method for the aroma characteristics of the tobacco extract and provides reference for the development of natural spices and the flavoring application of cigarettes.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for screening characteristics of tobacco extract according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a radar chart of sensory quality of different tobacco extracts provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a radar chart of different tobacco extract charm styles according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the analysis of the main components of the volatile components of tobacco extract according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an OPLS-DA score plot of different groups of tobacco extracts provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of displacement verification of an OPLS-DA model provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for screening characteristics of tobacco extract according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device implementing a method for screening characteristics of tobacco extracts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for screening characteristics of a tobacco extract according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a situation where characteristics of a tobacco extract are screened, and the method may be implemented by an apparatus for screening characteristics of a tobacco extract, where the apparatus for screening characteristics of a tobacco extract may be implemented in a form of hardware and/or software, and the apparatus for screening characteristics of a tobacco extract may be configured in an electronic device. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s110, obtaining a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract.
The tobacco extract has rich tobacco fragrance in the cigarette, and shows the effect of the tobacco fragrance.
In this embodiment, the trapped fluid may be a solution containing a liquid trapped by the membrane pores.
In the scheme, the tobacco extract can be treated by utilizing a membrane separation technology to obtain a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract. Wherein, the membrane separation technology is a selective separation technology which can realize the separation of molecular mixtures with different particle sizes on the molecular level. Can effectively remove macromolecular substances with negative sensory quality while keeping the original characteristic fragrance of the extract.
In this technical scheme, optionally, obtaining a retentate sample and a permeate sample of the tobacco extract includes:
carrying out membrane separation treatment on the tobacco extract diluted by the ethanol by using a pervaporation membrane to obtain a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample; wherein the permeate samples comprise permeate samples of different permeation times.
In this embodiment, the ethanol volume fraction may be selected from 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. The permeation time can be selected from 1min, 3min and 5 min.
Specifically, tobacco extracts with ethanol volume fractions of 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% are subjected to membrane separation treatment, penetrating fluid is sampled when the penetrating fluid is selected for 1min, 3min and 5min respectively, 4 tobacco extract trapped fluid samples are marked as No. 1, 5, 9 and 13 samples respectively, 1min sampled samples are No. 2, 6,10 and 14 samples, 3min sampled samples are No. 3, 7, 11 and 15 samples, 5min sampled samples are No. 4, 8, 12 and 16 samples, and the whole particle size of the selected substances is the smallest when the sample size is 5 min.
The trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract are obtained by the membrane separation technology, so that the precision of the sample can be improved, and macromolecular substances which have negative effects on sensory quality are effectively removed.
In the technical scheme, optionally, the pervaporation membrane is made of a polyimide organic membrane material, the overall pore size is 130 nanometers, and the membrane area is 25 square centimeters.
Wherein, the polyimide organic film material is a novel high-temperature resistant organic polymer film.
The tobacco extract diluted by the ethanol is subjected to membrane separation treatment by using the pervaporation membrane to obtain a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract, so that the precision of the samples can be improved.
S120, dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; wherein the quality data comprises sensory quality and a charm style.
Wherein the first tobacco extract sample can be a group of samples with poor improvement effect; the second tobacco extract sample may be a group of samples with better improvement effect.
In the scheme, the internal quality evaluation can be carried out on 16 samples to obtain quality data, and the 16 samples are divided according to the quality data to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample.
In this technical solution, optionally, dividing the trapped fluid sample and the permeate sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the permeate sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample, including:
performing quality evaluation on the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample by using a preset evaluation method to obtain quality data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample;
and analyzing the quality data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample based on a radar map analysis technology, and dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample.
In this embodiment, quality evaluation can be performed on the trapped fluid sample and the permeate sample by referring to industry-related evaluation methods based on professional-level evaluation personnel, so as to obtain quality data of the sample 16. Table 1 shows the basic results of different tobacco extract sensory qualities. The sensory quality includes aroma quality, aroma amount, smoke concentration, miscellaneous gas, strength, hair penetration, fineness, softness, residue, irritation and mellow. Table 2 shows the basic situation of different tobacco extract aroma styles. The aroma styles include flue-cured tobacco aroma, sun-cured tobacco aroma, faint scent, sweet aroma, paste aroma, burnt aroma, costustoot, herb aroma, bean aroma, green essence aroma, spicy aroma and the like. By adopting a ten system, positive numbers indicate improvement, negative numbers indicate deterioration, and the final result is the average value of quality evaluation of each evaluation staff, and one decimal is reserved.
TABLE 1
| |
1# | 2# | 3# | 4# | 5# | 6# | 7# | 8# | 9# | 10# | 11# | 12# | 13# | 14# | 15# | 16# |
| Quality of fragrance | 1.6 | 4.3 | 1.8 | 4.4 | 2 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 4 | 3 | 4.1 | -2 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 3 |
| Amount of fragrance | 3.9 | 3.8 | 2 | 5 | 2.4 | 4.6 | 2.3 | 5.6 | 2.2 | 3.8 | -0.4 | 4 | 2.5 | 4 | 2.2 | 3.4 |
| Concentration of flue gas | 4.1 | 2.9 | 1 | 3.4 | 2 | 3 | 1.7 | 4.2 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 0.5 | 4.3 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 1.2 | 2.5 |
| Miscellaneous qi | 2.2 | 2.8 | 1 | 4 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 4 | 2 | 2.6 | -2.1 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 2.8 |
| |
2 | 1.1 | 0 | 2 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 0 | 1.7 |
| Penetrability of hair | -1.4 | 5 | 1.5 | 4.8 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 4.2 | -1 | 3.9 | 3 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 1.5 | 2.8 |
| Fine and soft | 2.8 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.7 | -2 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 2.5 |
| Residue is remained | -0.6 | 0 | -2.4 | 0 | -2 | -0.2 | -2.6 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 1 | -3 | -1 | -1.3 | -0.8 | -0.2 | 0 |
| Stimulation of | 1.8 | 0.4 | -1.7 | 0.6 | -1.9 | 0.6 | -0.7 | 1.3 | 2 | 1.8 | -2 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | -0.2 | -0.6 |
| Mellow wine | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0 | -2.2 | -1.8 | 1.2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2.7 | -2 | -2 | -0.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
TABLE 2
| Style of aroma | 1# | 2# | 3# | 4# | 5# | 6# | 7# | 8# | 9# | 10# | 11# | 12# | 13# | 14# | 15# | 16# |
| Tobacco incense for flue-cured tobacco | 2.5 | 4 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 2 | 4.9 | 3 | 3.9 | 2 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 4 | 2.4 | 4.2 |
| Drying cigarette incense | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Faint scent | 0 | 4.2 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 1 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 1.1 | 1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1 | 1 |
| Sweet incense | 2.1 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 2.9 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 5.9 | 2 | 2.5 | 1.4 | 2 |
| Cream incense | 5 | 0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 1 | 2 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Burnt incense | 0.5 | 0 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 1.2 |
| Radix aucklandiae | 0 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.5 |
| Herb incense | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bean incense | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Qingzi Xiang | 0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Spicy | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
In the scheme, after quality evaluation is performed on the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain quality data, the quality data can be displayed based on a radar map analysis technology, the quality data can be analyzed, the sample with the outstanding quality is used as a second tobacco extract sample, and other samples are used as first tobacco extract samples.
For example, fig. 2 is a radar map of sensory quality of different tobacco extracts provided in the first embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3 is a radar map of aroma style of different tobacco extracts provided in the first embodiment of the present application. Different quality data are respectively represented by different shapes of graphs. As shown in figure 2, the two extract samples of No. 4 and No. 8 are superior to other samples in sensory quality characteristics, such as 4 indexes of aroma quality, aroma quantity, smoke concentration and permeability, and miscellaneous gas is also more prominent than other samples and has obvious difference with other samples. As shown in FIG. 3, the samples No. 4 and No. 8 are more prominent in the three indexes of tobacco aroma, sweet aroma and burnt aroma of the flue-cured tobacco. The 12# sample is prominent in sweet fragrance, the 2# sample is prominent in faint scent, the 1# sample is more prominent in cream fragrance index, and other indexes are not significant. Therefore, the 4# and 8# samples can be selected as a group having a better improvement effect, and the other samples can be selected as a group having a poor improvement effect.
By evaluating the quality of the tobacco extract sample, the sample can be effectively distinguished.
S130, extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample.
Wherein, the flavor characteristic data can refer to different compounds in the tobacco extract.
In the scheme, different technical means can be respectively adopted to extract the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample, so as to obtain the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample.
In this technical scheme, optionally, extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample includes:
eluting the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample by using a diatomite-containing solid phase extraction column to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample after elution;
extracting the flavor components of the eluted first tobacco extract sample and second tobacco extract sample by using a DB-5MS nonpolar capillary column to obtain the flavor characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample;
and retrieving the relative contents of the aroma characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample by using a non-target GC/MS internal standard relative quantification method to obtain the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample.
Specifically, 16 samples are eluted by using a diatomite-containing SPE (Solid Phase Extraction) cartridge to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample after elution. Eluting with dichloromethane for several times, and concentrating the eluate; selecting a DB-5MS nonpolar capillary column to finish the data acquisition work of the aroma components of all samples by adopting an analysis method of the aroma components of the tobacco extract based on GC/MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer), so as to obtain the aroma characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample; and establishing a method for efficiently and quantitatively analyzing volatile and semi-volatile aroma components in the tobacco extract by using a GC/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) internal standard method by adopting an MPP (maximum power point) software deconvolution + standard spectrum library retrieval analysis means, and retrieving the relative content of the aroma characteristic of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic of the second tobacco extract sample by using a non-target GC/MS internal standard (internal standard selects heptadecane) relative quantitative method after the MPP software filtering treatment to obtain the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample.
Table 3 shows the relative contents of volatile and semi-volatile components in 16 different tobacco extract samples. Each sample was analyzed twice. The flavor characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample obtained by extraction are 29 types in total. Of these, two compounds, 43.0@41.481228 and 126.0@41.482418, 43.0 and 126.0 are characteristic ions of the compounds, and 41.481228 and 41.482418 are followed by retention times.
TABLE 3
The aroma characteristic data of the sample is extracted, so that a basis is provided for development of natural spices and application of cigarette flavoring.
S140, screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample.
The distinguishing characteristic data can be flavor characteristic data with a large difference between the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample.
In this embodiment, 29 kinds of volatile and semi-volatile flavor characteristic data are used as objects, unsupervised principal component analysis is performed first, then supervised OPLS-DA analysis is performed, and then variance test is performed to screen distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample.
In this technical scheme, optionally, the screening of the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample includes:
and screening the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample by adopting partial least squares discriminant analysis to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample.
Exemplarily, fig. 4 is a main component analysis diagram of volatile components of a tobacco extract provided in the first embodiment of the present application, and 16 samples of the yunyan tobacco extract are provided, wherein # 4 and # 8 samples are set as 2 groups, and the other samples are set as 1 group. As shown in FIG. 4, most of the samples of the group 1 extract and the group 2 extract are within the 95% confidence ellipse, only the 8# sample is outside the 95% confidence interval, the samples are not effectively separated, and there are also individual overlapped samples, which indicates that the closer the composition and concentration of molecules contained in the samples are, the closer the composition and concentration of the molecules are, the aggregation between the same kind of extracts is possible, and the closer the composition content of the different extracts is possible. The unsupervised analysis method of PCA can not ignore errors in groups and eliminate random errors irrelevant to research purposes, so that differences among groups are not easy to find, and then a supervised method is adopted for further screening research.
In this example, SIMCA 14.1 software was used to perform Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to find characteristic volatile aroma components between groups 1 and 2. R2X、R2Y、Q2For assessing the effectiveness of the OPLS-DA model, R2X、R2Y、Q2The closer the value is to 1, the better the model is built.
Illustratively, fig. 5 is an OPLS-DA score map of different groups of tobacco extracts provided in the first embodiment of the present application, and fig. 6 is an OPLS-DA model displacement verification map provided in the first embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, R2X、R2Y、Q2The values are respectively 0.795, 0.85 and 0.395, and the samples in the 1 st group and the 2 nd group are respectively positioned on the positive axis and the negative axis of the main component 1 within a 95% confidence ellipse, which shows that the volatile components and the semi-volatile components of the samples in the 1 st group and the 2 nd group are effectively distinguished, and have differences in types and relative contents. The variable sequences defining the classification Y when the OPLA-DA model is built are further randomly arranged 200 times to verify the reliability of the OPLS-DA model. As shown in FIG. 6, R2＝0.552，Q2＝-0.906，Q2The intercept on the Y axis is a negative value, which indicates that the model has no overfitting phenomenon, and indicates that the OPLS-DA model has good prediction capability and can be used for subsequent characteristic mark component searching.
By acquiring the distinguishing characteristic data, the difference characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample can be screened out.
S150, screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the characteristics of the tobacco extract.
Wherein, the tobacco extract characteristic can be the characteristic capable of improving the inherent quality of the cigarette.
In this embodiment, the distinctive feature data may be screened by calculating the VIP value and the significance value of the distinctive feature data, so as to obtain the tobacco extract features.
In the technical scheme, optionally, the variable projection importance of the distinguishing feature data is calculated to obtain a variable projection importance value; wherein the variable projection importance is used for representing the scoring index of the aroma characteristic data;
screening the distinguishing characteristic data according to the variable projection importance value to obtain target distinguishing characteristic data;
calculating the significance of the target distinguishing characteristic data to obtain a significance value; wherein the significance is used to characterize significant differences in the discriminatory feature data of interest;
and screening the target distinguishing characteristic data by using the significance value and the predetermined characteristic importance degree to obtain the tobacco extract characteristic.
In the scheme, in order to identify variable indexes which significantly contribute to sample classification and difference, VIP values of distinguishing characteristic data are calculated, the VIP values are sequenced, and difference indexes are screened according to the principle that the VIP values are greater than 1 to obtain target distinguishing characteristic data. VIP represents the variable projection importance value. As shown in table 4, 11 potential difference indexes were preliminarily selected according to the principle that VIP value > 1.
TABLE 4
In the scheme, the tobacco extract characteristics can be determined by calculating the significance value of the target distinguishing characteristic data and comparing the significance values.
Specifically, SPSS software was used to screen for characteristic volatile species by one-way anova, with P < 0.05 indicating a significantly different species and P < 0.01 indicating a very significantly different species. As is clear from Table 5, the P value of 5 volatile components of bis (2-propylpentyl) phthalate (phenyl acid, di (2-propylpentyl) ester), 1-Diphenyl (t-butyl) siloxy-4-methoxybenzene (1-Diphenyl (tert-butyl) siloxy-4-methoxybenezene), decane (nonadecanocan), n-Hexadecanoic acid (n-Hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanone) is < 0.01, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (1, 4-bezenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester), 7-Methyl-oxa-cyclododecane-6, 10-dien-2-one (7-Methyl-oxo-cyclo-diene-6, 10-dien-2-one), nicotine (3-pyridone-2-3, 3-pyridone), (S) -), Dibutyl phthalate (Dibutyl phthalate), 43.0@41.481228 and 4- (3-hydroxy-1-butenyl) -3,5, 5-trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-one (2-Cyclohexen-1-one,4- (3-hydroxy-1-butyl) -3,5, 5-trimethy-), 6 volatile components corresponding to a P value < 0.05. And the mean content of all the important mark components is that 2 groups of samples are larger than 1 group of samples, so that the significance is stronger. From the above data results, these 11 compounds can be used as characteristic markers for distinguishing between group 1 and group 2. Wherein P represents significance.
TABLE 5
In the scheme, the distinguishing characteristic data of the threshold value can be screened according to the predetermined characteristic importance degree and the coincidence significance, so that the characteristics of the tobacco extract are determined.
Specifically, six substances such as Phthalic acid, di (2-propylpenyl) ester, 1-Diphenyl (tert-butyl) syloxy-4-methoxybene, nonadecanoe, hexadecanoe, 1, 4-benzylcarboxylic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester, and Dibutyl phthalate do not belong to substances that have an effect on the product flavor in a strict sense, and do not include a marker. 43.0@41.481228, which were aligned by standard mapping, were prepared for characterization and were not included as markers.
n-Hexadecanoic acid, 7-Methyl-oxa-cyclodeca-6, 10-dien-2-one, Pyridine,3- (1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidininyl) -, (S) -and 2-Cyclohexen-1-one,4- (3-hydroxy-1-butinyl) -3,5, 5-trimethy- (with the Chinese names Hexadecanoic acid, 7-Methyl-oxa-cyclododecane-6, 10-dien-2-one, nicotine and 3,5, 5-trimethyl-4- (3-hydroxy-1-butenyl) -2-Cyclohexen-1-one, respectively) are among the flavorants in tobacco, with the binding functional group structure being included in the range of markers. The series of indexes are positive indexes, namely the series of compounds are obviously and positively correlated with the sensory quality of a sample, and the larger the content is, the better the effect of improving the internal quality of the cigarette is.
By screening the characteristics of the tobacco extract, a scientific reference method is provided for quantifying the fragrance characteristics of the tobacco extract, and a reference is provided for development of natural spices and perfuming application of cigarettes.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of a tobacco extract are obtained; dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample; screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample; and screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the characteristics of the tobacco extract. By executing the technical scheme, a scientific method is provided for the fragrance characteristics of the tobacco extract, and references are provided for the development of natural spices and the flavoring application of cigarettes.
Example two
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for screening characteristics of tobacco extract according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes:
a sample obtaining module 710, configured to obtain a retentate sample and a permeate sample of the tobacco extract;
the sample dividing module 720 is used for dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; wherein the quality data comprises sensory quality and a charm style;
a flavor characteristic data obtaining module 730, configured to extract flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample;
a distinguishing characteristic data obtaining module 740, configured to screen the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample;
and a tobacco extract characteristic obtaining module 750, configured to screen the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain tobacco extract characteristics.
In this technical solution, optionally, the sample obtaining module 710 is specifically configured to:
carrying out membrane separation treatment on the tobacco extract diluted by the ethanol by using a pervaporation membrane to obtain a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample; wherein the permeate samples comprise permeate samples of different permeation times.
In the technical scheme, optionally, the pervaporation membrane is made of a polyimide organic membrane material, the overall pore size is 130 nanometers, and the membrane area is 25 square centimeters.
In this technical solution, optionally, the sample dividing module 720 is specifically configured to:
performing quality evaluation on the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample by using a preset evaluation method to obtain quality data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample;
and analyzing the quality data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample based on a radar map analysis technology, and dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample.
In this technical solution, optionally, the aroma characteristic data obtaining module 730 is specifically configured to:
eluting the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample by using a diatomite-containing solid phase extraction column to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample after elution;
extracting the flavor components of the eluted first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample by using a DB-5MS nonpolar capillary column to obtain the flavor characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample;
and retrieving the relative contents of the aroma characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample by using a non-target GC/MS internal standard relative quantification method to obtain the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample.
In this technical solution, optionally, the distinguishing characteristic data obtaining module 740 is specifically configured to:
and screening the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample by adopting partial least squares discriminant analysis to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample.
In the present technical solution, optionally, the tobacco extract characteristic obtaining module 750 is specifically configured to:
calculating the variable projection importance of the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain a variable projection importance value; wherein the variable projection importance is used to characterize a scoring index of the scent feature data;
screening the distinguishing characteristic data according to the variable projection importance value to obtain target distinguishing characteristic data;
calculating the significance of the target distinguishing characteristic data to obtain a significance value; wherein the significance is used to characterize significant differences in the discriminatory feature data of interest;
and screening the target distinguishing characteristic data by using the significance value and the predetermined characteristic importance degree to obtain the tobacco extract characteristic.
The device for screening the characteristics of the tobacco extract, provided by the embodiment of the invention, can execute the method for screening the characteristics of the tobacco extract, provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
EXAMPLE III
FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that may be used to implement an embodiment of the invention. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM)12, a Random Access Memory (RAM)13, and the like, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various suitable actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM)12 or the computer program loaded from a storage unit 18 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.
A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16 such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 17 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 18 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 19 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network such as the internet and/or various telecommunication networks.
The processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, or the like. The processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics.
In some embodiments, a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19. When loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, the computer program may perform one or more of the steps of a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics as described above. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
A computer program for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the processor, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be performed. A computer program can execute entirely on a machine, partly on a machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on a machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.
In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computing system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical host and VPS service are overcome.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above may be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for screening characteristics of tobacco extract is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract;
dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; wherein the quality data comprises sensory quality and a charm style;
extracting the flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample;
screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample;
and screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the characteristics of the tobacco extract.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining a retentate sample and a permeate sample of the tobacco extract comprises:
carrying out membrane separation treatment on the tobacco extract diluted by the ethanol by using a pervaporation membrane to obtain an interception liquid sample and a penetrating liquid sample; wherein the permeate samples comprise permeate samples of different permeation times.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the pervaporation membrane is a polyimide organic membrane material, the overall pore size is 130 nm, and the membrane area is 25 cm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein dividing the retentate sample and the permeate sample according to their mass data to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample comprises:
performing quality evaluation on the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample by using a preset evaluation method to obtain quality data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample;
and analyzing the quality data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample based on a radar map analysis technology, and dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein extracting flavor components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample comprises:
eluting the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample by using a diatomite-containing solid phase extraction column to obtain an eluted first tobacco extract sample and an eluted second tobacco extract sample;
extracting the flavor components of the eluted first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample by using a DB-5MS nonpolar capillary column to obtain the flavor characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample;
and retrieving the relative contents of the aroma characteristics of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristics of the second tobacco extract sample by using a non-target GC/MS internal standard relative quantification method to obtain the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the screening of the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample comprises:
and screening the aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample by adopting partial least squares discriminant analysis to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the tobacco extract characteristic comprises:
calculating the variable projection importance of the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain a variable projection importance value; wherein the variable projection importance is used for representing the scoring index of the aroma characteristic data;
screening the distinguishing characteristic data according to the variable projection importance value to obtain target distinguishing characteristic data;
calculating the significance of the target distinguishing characteristic data to obtain a significance value; wherein the significance is used to characterize significant differences in the discriminatory feature data of interest;
and screening the target distinguishing characteristic data by using the significance value and the predetermined characteristic importance degree to obtain the tobacco extract characteristic.
8. An apparatus for screening tobacco extract characteristics, comprising:
the sample acquisition module is used for acquiring a trapped fluid sample and a penetrating fluid sample of the tobacco extract;
the sample dividing module is used for dividing the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample according to the mass data of the trapped fluid sample and the penetrating fluid sample to obtain a first tobacco extract sample and a second tobacco extract sample; wherein the quality data comprises sensory quality and a charm style;
the aroma characteristic data obtaining module is used for extracting aroma components of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample to obtain aroma characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and aroma characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample;
the distinguishing characteristic data obtaining module is used for screening the flavor characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the flavor characteristic data of the second tobacco extract sample to obtain the distinguishing characteristic data of the first tobacco extract sample and the second tobacco extract sample;
and the tobacco extract characteristic obtaining module is used for screening the distinguishing characteristic data to obtain the tobacco extract characteristics.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a processor to execute a method of screening tobacco extract characteristics according to any one of claims 1-7.
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