CN114689162B - Optical holographic imaging system and method for visualization and measurement of ultrasonic field - Google Patents
Optical holographic imaging system and method for visualization and measurement of ultrasonic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical holographic imaging system and a method for visualizing and measuring an ultrasonic field, wherein the system comprises a liquid tank, an ultrasonic field generating subsystem, a light field generating and sensing subsystem and an ultrasonic field visualizing and measuring subsystem; the ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem comprises a stepping rotary table, a high-speed plane light field shooting device and a host, light beams emitted by the light emitting module sequentially pass through the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field and the light field space transformation module, light carrying ultrasonic field space information is incident to the high-speed plane light field shooting device, the host processes and analyzes images of the high-speed plane light field shooting device to obtain ultrasonic field images, and the host carries out three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field reconstruction and measurement based on the ultrasonic field images.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ultrasonic imaging, in particular to an optical holographic imaging system and method for three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field visualization and measurement.
Background
Ultrasound has long played a great role in medical imaging, industrial control, equipment detection, and the like. In recent years, the development of the acoustic metamaterial and the super surface is rapid, the acoustic metamaterial and the super surface regulate and control an ultrasonic field through a design structure, and some singular physical properties such as negative elastic modulus, negative density, negative refractive index and the like which are not available in the acoustic materials in nature can be generated, so that a new thought of the design of an acoustic device is opened, and various novel acoustic structures are inspired by researchers.
In the related research, because the sound field transmission is complex, not only is the theoretical design needed for sound field regulation in the medium carried out, but also the experimental verification is urgently needed. However, most of the current metamaterial research is mainly focused in an air medium, and compared with the air medium, the research and application of the metamaterial in an ultrasonic frequency band in a fluid are relatively less, and one important reason is that the regulated complex ultrasonic field is difficult to verify by experimental measurement. In an air medium, three-dimensional sound field visualization can be realized by arranging a plurality of groups of sensors and data acquisition. In the liquid, the point-to-point measurement and post-treatment are complex, and the visualization of the three-dimensional sound field is more difficult due to the expensive measuring equipment.
The most common method for measuring underwater acoustic signals at present is to adopt a hydrophone to scan and detect an ultrasonic field under the control of a displacement table. However, for high frequency ultrasound, such as 0.5-5MHz, at wavelengths of 0.3-3mm, the probe size of the hydrophone (typically 1-3 mm) is comparable to, and even greater than, the acoustic wavelength, and such invasive measurements can either alter the measured acoustic field or fail to meet measurement resolution. Moreover, for measurement of the three-dimensional ultrasonic field, the point-by-point detection mode of the hydrophone needs to consume a great deal of time to acquire and process signals.
In the prior art, chinese patent CN110243460B proposes a method for measuring and visualizing an ultrasonic field by using a motor and a probe, but the method can only detect an ultrasonic field emitted by a sound source, but cannot measure an ultrasonic field generated by a structure such as reflection. Another patent CN105043531B discloses an ultrasonic field measuring device and method, which focuses on measuring the sound pressure of an ultrasonic field, and can only detect the sound pressure of a simple ultrasonic field which is uniformly distributed, and the observation angle is unique.
Therefore, it is necessary to study three-dimensional visualization and quantitative measurement of complex ultrasound fields in liquids.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical holographic imaging system and method for ultrasound field visualization and measurement that overcomes the above-described drawbacks of the prior art.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
an optical holographic imaging system for visualizing and measuring an ultrasonic field comprises a liquid tank, an ultrasonic field generating subsystem, a light field generating and sensing subsystem and an ultrasonic field visualizing and measuring subsystem;
the ultrasonic field generating subsystem comprises an ultrasonic field transmitting module and an acoustic boundary module, and the ultrasonic field transmitting module is used for generating a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field which propagates in the liquid medium along a specific direction;
the light field generation and perception subsystem comprises a light emission module and a light field space transformation module, wherein the light emission module is used for generating a light field with a propagation direction orthogonal to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic field;
the ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem comprises a stepping rotary table, a high-speed plane light field shooting device and a host, wherein the stepping rotary table is connected with the ultrasonic field emission module, the stepping rotary table works to drive the ultrasonic field emission module to rotate so as to drive the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field to rotate, the high-speed plane light field shooting device is in communication connection with the host, light beams emitted by the light emission module sequentially pass through the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field and the light field space conversion module, light carrying ultrasonic field space information is incident into the high-speed plane light field shooting device, the host processes and analyzes images of the high-speed plane light field shooting device to obtain ultrasonic field images, and the host reconstructs and measures the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on the ultrasonic field images.
Further, the ultrasonic field emission module aligns with the liquid tank, including but not limited to: a single transducer, a transducer array, a transducer unit, and a combination of one or more of the acoustically transmissive structures.
Further, the acoustic boundary module includes, but is not limited to: one of an acoustic absorber for absorbing acoustic waves to maintain a travelling wave field in space and an acoustic reflector for reflecting acoustic waves to maintain a standing wave field in space.
Further, the light emitting module is configured to generate and expand the light field to be suitable for the dimension of the measured three-dimensional dynamic ultrasound field, including but not limited to: the laser beam emitting device comprises a laser beam emitting end and a beam shaping lens group, wherein the laser beam emitting end is used for modulating laser beams with various wavelengths and waveforms, and the beam shaping lens group is used for shaping and expanding the laser beams.
Further, the light field space transformation module is used for performing space transformation on the light field to extract ultrasonic field space information, and adapting the space information of the ultrasonic field to be measured to the photosensitive area of the high-speed plane light field shooting device, wherein the space transformation comprises but is not limited to one of Fourier transformation and space filtering.
Further, in the light field generating and sensing subsystem, the light field emitted by the light emitting module passes through the liquid tank, the cross section area of the light field passing through the liquid tank is equal to the sound field area of the ultrasonic field to be measured, the light field emitted by the liquid tank passes through the light field space conversion module and then reaches the light sensitive surface of the high-speed plane light field shooting device, and the size and shape of the light field entering the high-speed plane light field shooting device are equal to those of the light sensitive surface, so that the integrity and accuracy of the imaged information can be ensured to the greatest extent.
Further, the stepper rotation stage includes a stepper and a rotation stage, the stepper including but not limited to: the ultrasonic field emission module is arranged on the turntable.
Further, the high-speed planar light field photographing device includes, but is not limited to: one of a high-speed high-resolution single-lens reflex camera, a CMOS high-speed camera and an ICCD high-speed camera.
Furthermore, the exposure time of the high-speed plane light field shooting device is at least less than one third wavelength of the ultrasonic field to be detected, so that clear imaging can be realized.
Further, the ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem further comprises a synchronization device, wherein the synchronization device is in communication connection with the ultrasonic field emission module, the stepping rotary table and the high-speed plane light field shooting device, and sends a synchronization pulse signal to the ultrasonic field emission module, the stepping rotary table and the high-speed plane light field shooting device, and is used for controlling the synchronous work of the ultrasonic field emission module, the stepping rotary table and the high-speed plane light field shooting device.
An optical holographic imaging method for visualization and measurement of an ultrasound field, comprising the steps of:
s1, an ultrasonic field emission module forms a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field to be detected in a liquid tank, and an optical field with a propagation direction orthogonal to the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field is formed by an optical emission module to enter the liquid tank;
s2, the light field emitted from the liquid tank passes through a light field space transformation module, and is incident to a high-speed plane light field shooting device carrying space distribution information of the ultrasonic field, and the high-speed plane light field shooting device shoots and stores an ultrasonic field image;
s3, controlling the stepping rotary table to work to drive the ultrasonic field emission module to rotate, so that the angle of the ultrasonic field rotates by theta 0 ，θ 0 Repeating the steps S1-S3 for the preset unit angle value until the execution times n=180/theta of the steps S1-S3 are up to 0 ；
S4, integrating the ultrasonic field images obtained by n times of shooting by the host computer, and reconstructing and measuring the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on the ultrasonic field image sequence.
Further, the host computer carries out three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field reconstruction through the Lato inverse transformation and a fault reconstruction algorithm, and specifically comprises the following steps:
at a specific angle θ, the signal G (ρ, θ) on the projection plane is a radon transform of the ultrasonic field distribution G (x, y) on the object plane, and the information of G (x, y) can be obtained by the radon inverse transform of G (ρ, θ), which satisfies the following relationship:
wherein θ=k×θ 0 The rotation angle of the ultrasonic field is represented, k=0, 1, 2, …, n-1, μ is a fourier variable, ρ=xcos θ+ysin θ is a straight line in the beam propagation direction, and the signal G (ρ, θ) on the projection surface is an ultrasonic field image captured by the high-speed planar light field capturing device;
and integrating the ultrasonic field distribution g (x, y) obtained by transforming n ultrasonic field images together to realize the reconstruction of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field.
Further, the measurement of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field by the host based on the light field information is specifically as follows:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the wavelength lambda of a light beam emitted by a light emitting module, counting the number N of pixels corresponding to 10lambda in an ultrasonic field image, calculating the ultrasonic field length l=N/10lambda corresponding to each pixel in the ultrasonic field image, and processing the N Zhang Chaosheng field image to realize quantitative measurement of a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Non-invasive: the interference of the hydrophone on the waveform in the ultrasonic field is avoided by the optical measurement.
(2) And (3) fast imaging: the ultrasonic field distribution projection information of a certain angle of the ultrasonic field can be obtained in each measurement, the reconstruction and measurement of the ultrasonic field can be carried out after the shooting of the ultrasonic field images of all angles is completed, and the efficiency is high.
(3) High temporal resolution: the high-speed plane light field shooting device can capture ultrasonic field information in nanosecond level, and the ultrasonic field information is 3 orders of magnitude smaller than sound velocity in liquid, so that transient imaging of an ultrasonic field can be realized.
(4) High spatial resolution: by configuring the size of the photosensitive unit of the high-speed plane light field shooting device and the light field space conversion module, the spatial resolution of tens of micrometers can be achieved, which is better than 1/20 of the wave length of the sound wave of an imaging wave band, and the size of an imaging area can be changed by adjusting the light field space conversion module, so that the ultrasonic fields with different frequencies can be measured.
(5) Three-dimensional imaging: the synchronous device is used for realizing the synchronization of the stepping rotary table, the high-speed plane light field shooting device and the ultrasonic field emission module, measuring ultrasonic fields of different angles of the same ultrasonic field after each stepping rotary table rotates the ultrasonic field, reconstructing the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on ultrasonic field images of different angles through the Lato inverse transformation and a fault reconstruction algorithm, and processing the obtained three-dimensional information of the ultrasonic field to be restored into the holographic three-dimensional ultrasonic field at any moment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a light emitting module, a light field space conversion module, a high-speed plane light field shooting device, a host computer, a synchronous device, an ultrasonic field emitting module, an acoustic boundary module, a stepping rotating table, a liquid tank and a liquid tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the drawings, like structural elements are referred to by like reference numerals and components having similar structure or function are referred to by like reference numerals. The dimensions and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention is not limited to the dimensions and thickness of each component. Some of the elements in the drawings are exaggerated where appropriate for clarity of illustration.
Example 1:
in optically transparent media, the refractive index of the medium changes when subjected to stress, a phenomenon known as the calendaring effect. When an acoustic wave exists in the medium, the acoustic wave can cause the density of the medium to change periodically, like a 'phase grating'; when the radial width of the incident light beam is far greater than the wavelength of the sound wave, the light beam interacts with the phase grating, and the emergent light field carries the information of sound field distribution. Thus, information of the ultrasound field can be acquired by exiting the light field. This method has the following advantages: firstly, the completely non-invasive measurement avoids the interference of the detector on the ultrasonic field in the traditional measurement method; secondly, since the propagation speed of light is far greater than that of sound, the rear end of the light path is combined with the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, and the ultrasonic field information in the medium can be accurately acquired with high space-time resolution. Finally, for the three-dimensional complex ultrasonic field, the rotation and synchronization device 5 can be utilized to obtain the distribution information of any angle of the ultrasonic field. By integrating and processing the ultrasound field signals for each angle, three-dimensional information of the ultrasound field at any instant in time can be visualized and measured, thereby reconstructing and measuring the ultrasound field. In order to carry out holographic representation on a complex ultrasonic field, the field is used for measuring the field, a rotary platform and a synchronous device 5 are built, the thought of three-dimensional reconstruction is applied to field visualization, and the visualization of a three-dimensional dynamic field is realized.
An optical holographic imaging system for ultrasonic field visualization and measurement, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a liquid tank 9, an ultrasonic field generation subsystem, a light field generation and perception subsystem and an ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem;
wherein, a liquid medium such as water is contained in the liquid tank 9 made of transparent materials, the ultrasonic field generating subsystem comprises an ultrasonic field transmitting module 6 and an acoustic boundary module 7, and the ultrasonic field transmitting module 6 is used for generating a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field which propagates in the liquid medium along a specific direction;
the light field generation and perception subsystem comprises a light emission module 1 and a light field space transformation module 2, wherein the light emission module 1 is used for generating a light field with a propagation direction orthogonal to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic field;
the ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem comprises a stepping rotary table 8, a high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 and a host 4, wherein the stepping rotary table 8 is connected with an ultrasonic field emission module 6, the stepping rotary table 8 works to drive the ultrasonic field emission module 6 to rotate so as to drive a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field to rotate, the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 is in communication connection with the host 4, light beams emitted by the light emission module 1 sequentially pass through the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field and the light field space conversion module 2, light carrying ultrasonic field space information is incident into the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, the host 4 processes and analyzes images of the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 to obtain ultrasonic field images, and the host 4 reconstructs and measures the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on the ultrasonic field images.
Specifically, in the ultrasonic field generation subsystem, the ultrasonic field emission module 6 is aligned with the liquid tank 9 and can be arranged right above the liquid tank 9 to emit ultrasonic waves to form a three-dimensional ultrasonic field in a liquid medium; the acoustic boundary module 7 is arranged in the liquid tank 9, aligned with the ultrasound emission direction, so as to maintain an ultrasound field in the liquid medium. The ultrasound field emission module 6 includes, but is not limited to: a single transducer, a transducer array, a transducer unit, a combination of one or more of the sound transmission structures, a single transducer may be used, a transducer array may be used, a single transducer may be combined with the sound transmission structure, etc., and the ultrasonic field may be generated by designing according to needs, or other devices or combinations of devices may be used as the ultrasonic field transmitting module 6. The acoustic boundary module 7 includes, but is not limited to: one of the sound absorber and the sound reflector may be laid in the liquid tank 9 to absorb sound waves and maintain a traveling wave field in space, the sound reflector may be laid in the liquid tank 9 to reflect sound waves and maintain a standing wave field in space, and other materials may be used as the sound boundary module 7, and the shape of the sound absorber, the sound reflector, the other materials, and the like may be set as needed, for example, the surface may be saw-toothed. In addition, the ultrasonic field generation subsystem further comprises a signal excitation source, a power amplifier and other components, and related practitioners can understand the components and will not be described in detail.
Specifically, in the light field generating and sensing subsystem, the light emitting module 1 is configured to generate a light field and expand the light field to be suitable for the scale of the measured three-dimensional dynamic ultrasound field, including but not limited to: the laser beam emitting end can modulate laser beams with various wavelengths and waveforms, the beam shaping lens group is used for shaping and expanding the laser beams, for example, common optical elements such as a beam expanding lens, a collimating lens and the like can be used, other devices can be also used, a light field meeting the requirements can be directly generated, the radial width of the light field is ensured to be far greater than the wavelength of sound waves, and the cross section area of the light field passing through the liquid tank is equal to the sound field area of the ultrasonic field to be measured. The light field space conversion module 2 comprises optical elements such as a diaphragm, a spatial filter, a conversion lens and the like, relevant information of an ultrasonic field is carried in a light field emitted from the liquid tank 9, the light field space conversion module 2 carries out space conversion on the light field on one hand to extract the space information of the ultrasonic field, the space conversion can be space conversion such as Fourier conversion and spatial filtering, and the like, on the other hand, the light field space conversion module 2 adapts the space information of the ultrasonic field to be detected to the photosensitive area of the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, the size and the shape of the light field entering the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 are equal to those of the photosensitive surface, and the full caliber of the light field entering the photosensitive surface of the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 is guaranteed, so that the imaging information is ensured to be complete and accurate to the maximum extent.
Specifically, in the ultrasound field visualization and measurement subsystem, the stepper turret 8 includes a stepper and a turret, and the stepper includes but is not limited to: one of the motor and the stepping motor can be used as a stepper, the turntable is connected with the stepper, the ultrasonic field emission module 6 is arranged on the turntable, the stepper works to drive the turntable to rotate, and the ultrasonic field emission module 6 arranged on the turntable also rotates along with the turntable, so that the ultrasonic field in the liquid medium rotates. The high-speed planar light field photographing device 3 includes, but is not limited to: one of the high-speed high-resolution single-lens reflex camera, the CMOS high-speed camera and the ICCD high-speed camera can also be selected to use other types of optical image sensors, and the imaging device is applicable to ultra-high speed shooting of an ultrasonic field, has high light sensitivity, needs shooting in a darkroom, and can clearly image only when the exposure time of the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 is at least less than one third wavelength of the ultrasonic field to be detected. The host 4 can be a processor such as a computer, and can receive the ultrasonic field image shot by the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, process and analyze the ultrasonic field image, and reconstruct and measure a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field. When the parameters of the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 are adjusted, the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 can be connected with a computer, the parameters such as exposure time, shooting delay and the like are set through relevant configuration software, and the time resolution is superior to one tenth of the measured ultrasonic field sound period, so that a better measurement result is obtained. In addition, before ultrasonic field measurement, the experimental area should be measured as noise floor for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in subsequent signal processing.
In order to improve the automation level, the ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem further comprises a synchronization device 5, wherein the synchronization device 5 is in communication connection with the ultrasonic field emission module 6, the stepping rotary table 8 and the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, and sends a synchronization pulse signal to the stepping rotary table 8 of the ultrasonic field emission module 6 and the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 for controlling the synchronous work of the ultrasonic field emission module 6, the stepping rotary table 8 and the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3. After the measurement is started, the synchronous device 5 automatically sends a pulse signal, and according to the time delay of the ultrasonic field triggering and the measurement, the rotation of the stepping rotary table 8, the ultrasonic field triggering and the image shooting can be synchronized without manually setting the rotation angle, the triggering time and the shooting time by an operator. In practical use, a single signal transmitting module can be arranged as the synchronization device 5, pulse signals are generated according to set time and sent to the three devices, and thus synchronization of the three devices is achieved. The synchronization device 5 can also be realized through programming, programming is performed in the ultrasonic field emission module 6, the stepping rotary table 8 and the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, and a triggering program is added, for example, the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 sends a triggering signal to the ultrasonic field emission module 6 and the stepping rotary table 8, so that the synchronization of the three is realized.
An optical holographic imaging method for visualization and measurement of an ultrasound field, comprising the steps of:
s1, an ultrasonic field emission module 6 forms a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field to be detected in a liquid tank 9, and a light field with a propagation direction orthogonal to the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field is formed by a light emission module 1 and is incident into the liquid tank 9;
s2, the light field emitted from the liquid tank 9 passes through the light field space transformation module 2, and the light field carries the space distribution information of the ultrasonic field and is incident to the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3, and the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 shoots and stores the image of the ultrasonic field;
s3, controlling the stepping rotary table 8 to work to drive the ultrasonic field emission module 6 to rotate, so that the angle of the ultrasonic field rotates by theta 0 ，θ 0 Repeating the steps S1-S3 for the preset unit angle value until the execution times n=180/theta of the steps S1-S3 are up to 0 ；
θ 0 The smaller the value of (c), the more accurate the reconstruction and measurement results, in this example 0.9 °, which in other embodiments may be set as desired.
S4, integrating the ultrasonic field images obtained by n times of shooting by the host computer 4, and reconstructing and measuring the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on the ultrasonic field image sequence.
After each rotation of the stepping rotary table 8, the synchronization device 5 controls the ultrasonic transmitting module to trigger an ultrasonic field, and controls the high-speed plane light field shooting device 3 to synchronously shoot, so that ultrasonic field images under various angles can be obtained.
The host 4 carries out three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field reconstruction through the Lato inverse transformation and a fault reconstruction algorithm, and specifically comprises the following steps:
at a specific angle θ, the signal G (ρ, θ) on the projection plane is a radon transform of the ultrasonic field distribution G (x, y) on the object plane, and the information of G (x, y), i.e., the sound field signal, can be obtained by the radon inverse transform of G (ρ, θ), which satisfies the following relationship:
wherein θ=k×θ 0 The rotation angle of the ultrasonic field is represented, k=0, 1, 2, …, n-1, μ is fourier variable, ρ=xcos θ+ysin θ is a straight line in the beam propagation direction, and the signal G (ρ, θ) on the projection surface is the ultrasonic field image captured by the high-speed planar light field capturing device 3;
the mathematical form of the ultrasonic field distribution g (x, y) is a matrix, and the ultrasonic field distribution g (x, y) obtained by transforming n ultrasonic field images is integrated together, so that the reconstruction of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field can be realized.
The measurement of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field by the host 4 based on the light field information is specifically as follows:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the wavelength lambda of a light beam emitted by a light emitting module 1, counting the number N of pixels corresponding to 10lambda in an ultrasonic field image, calculating the ultrasonic field length l=N/10lambda corresponding to each pixel in the ultrasonic field image, and processing the N Zhang Chaosheng field image to realize quantitative measurement of a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field.
And carrying out visual processing on the quantitative measurement result of the sound field signal to obtain transient three-dimensional imaging and quantization information of the ultrasonic field.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An optical holographic imaging method for visualizing and measuring an ultrasonic field is characterized by being realized based on an optical holographic imaging system, wherein the optical holographic imaging system comprises a liquid tank, an ultrasonic field generating subsystem, a light field generating and sensing subsystem and an ultrasonic field visualizing and measuring subsystem;
the ultrasonic field generating subsystem comprises an ultrasonic field transmitting module and an acoustic boundary module, and the ultrasonic field transmitting module is used for generating a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field which propagates in the liquid medium along a specific direction;
the light field generation and perception subsystem comprises a light emission module and a light field space transformation module, wherein the light emission module is used for generating a light field with a propagation direction orthogonal to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic field;
the ultrasonic field visualization and measurement subsystem comprises a stepping rotary table, a high-speed plane light field shooting device and a host, wherein the stepping rotary table is connected with the ultrasonic field emission module, the stepping rotary table works to drive the ultrasonic field emission module to rotate so as to drive the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field to rotate, the high-speed plane light field shooting device is in communication connection with the host, light beams emitted by the light emission module sequentially pass through the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field and the light field space conversion module, light carrying ultrasonic field space information is incident into the high-speed plane light field shooting device, the host processes and analyzes images of the high-speed plane light field shooting device to obtain ultrasonic field images, and the host reconstructs and measures the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on the ultrasonic field images;
specifically, the optical holographic imaging method comprises the following steps:
s1, an ultrasonic field emission module forms a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field to be detected in a liquid tank, and an optical field with a propagation direction orthogonal to the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field is formed by an optical emission module to enter the liquid tank;
s2, the light field emitted from the liquid tank passes through a light field space transformation module, and is incident to a high-speed plane light field shooting device carrying space distribution information of the ultrasonic field, and the high-speed plane light field shooting device shoots and stores an ultrasonic field image;
s3, controlling the stepping rotary table to work to drive the ultrasonic field emission module to rotate, so that the angle of the ultrasonic field rotates by theta 0 ，θ 0 Repeating the steps S1-S3 for the preset unit angle value until the execution times n=180/theta of the steps S1-S3 are up to 0 ；
S4, integrating the ultrasonic field images obtained by n times of shooting by the host computer, and reconstructing and measuring the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field based on the ultrasonic field image sequence.
2. An optical holographic imaging method for ultrasound field visualization and measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ultrasound field emission module aligns with a liquid tank, including but not limited to: a single transducer, a transducer array, a transducer unit, and a combination of one or more of the acoustically transmissive structures.
3. An optical holographic imaging method for ultrasound field visualization and measurement as claimed in claim 1, in which the acoustic boundary module includes, but is not limited to: one of an acoustic absorber for absorbing acoustic waves to maintain a travelling wave field in space and an acoustic reflector for reflecting acoustic waves to maintain a standing wave field in space.
4. An optical holographic imaging method for ultrasound field visualization and measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said light emitting module is adapted to generate and expand a light field to fit the dimensions of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasound field being measured, including but not limited to: the laser beam emitting device comprises a laser beam emitting end and a beam shaping lens group, wherein the laser beam emitting end is used for modulating laser beams with various wavelengths and waveforms, and the beam shaping lens group is used for shaping and expanding the laser beams.
5. The optical holographic imaging method for visualization and measurement of an ultrasound field according to claim 1, wherein the optical field spatial transformation module is configured to spatially transform an optical field to extract spatial information of the ultrasound field, and adapt the spatial information of the ultrasound field to be measured to a photosensitive area of the high-speed planar optical field photographing device.
6. An optical holographic imaging method for ultrasound field visualization and measurement as defined in claim 1, in which said stepper turret comprises a stepper and a turret, said stepper including but not limited to: the ultrasonic field emission module is arranged on the turntable.
7. The optical holographic imaging method for visualizing and measuring an ultrasound field as defined in claim 1, wherein the ultrasound field visualization and measuring subsystem further comprises a synchronization device communicatively coupled to the ultrasound field emission module, the stepping turntable and the high-speed planar light field capturing device, and configured to send a synchronization pulse signal to the ultrasound field emission module, the stepping turntable and the high-speed planar light field capturing device for controlling the ultrasound field emission module, the stepping turntable and the high-speed planar light field capturing device to operate synchronously.
8. The optical holographic imaging method for visualization and measurement of an ultrasound field according to claim 1, wherein the reconstruction of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasound field is performed by a host computer through an inverse radon transform and tomographic reconstruction algorithm, specifically:
at a specific angle θ, the signal G (ρ, θ) on the projection plane is a radon transform of the ultrasonic field distribution G (x, y) on the object plane, and the information of G (x, y) can be obtained by the radon inverse transform of G (ρ, θ), which satisfies the following relationship:
wherein θ=k×θ 0 The rotation angle of the ultrasonic field is represented, k=0, 1, 2, …, n-1, μ is a fourier variable, ρ=xcos θ+ysin θ is a straight line in the beam propagation direction, and the signal G (ρ, θ) on the projection surface is an ultrasonic field image captured by the high-speed planar light field capturing device;
and integrating the ultrasonic field distribution g (x, y) obtained by transforming n ultrasonic field images together to realize the reconstruction of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field.
9. The optical holographic imaging method for visualization and measurement of an ultrasound field according to claim 1, wherein the measuring of the three-dimensional dynamic ultrasound field by the host based on the light field information is specifically:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the wavelength lambda of a light beam emitted by a light emitting module, counting the number N of pixels corresponding to 10lambda in an ultrasonic field image, calculating the ultrasonic field length l=N/10lambda corresponding to each pixel in the ultrasonic field image, and processing the N Zhang Chaosheng field image to realize quantitative measurement of a three-dimensional dynamic ultrasonic field.
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