CN108801439A - A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108801439A CN108801439A CN201810750928.XA CN201810750928A CN108801439A CN 108801439 A CN108801439 A CN 108801439A CN 201810750928 A CN201810750928 A CN 201810750928A CN 108801439 A CN108801439 A CN 108801439A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sound field measuring devices, laser transmitting light is passed through into sound field along former road again after the sound field and speculum that diversing lens, collimation lens, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, acoustic transducer generate reflect successively, after light beam is deflected 90 ° by spectroscope, by Fourier transform lens, space filtering processing is carried out on the back focal plane of Fourier transform lens, sound field imaging can be achieved, mobile image sensor is to transform lens back focal plane and receives diffraction pattern, it can be distributed according to spot intensity according to the hot spot distance computation velocity of sound and calculate acoustic pressure;Diaphragm is set between sound field and spectroscope, it can be used for measuring the acoustic pressure in part sound field region, the imaging of various forms sound field in transparent fluid can be achieved in the present invention, can in quantitative measurment plane sound field, almost plane sound field and sound field almost plane sound field region intensity, and transducer calibration, the measurement that impulse wave and continuous traveling wave plane sound field or almost plane sound field can be achieved improves the sensitivity of imaging and measurement due to making light pass twice through sound field using speculum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sound field measuring device and measurement methods, belong to ultrasonic technique field.
Background technology
The imaging and measurement of sound field are widely present in applied in ultrasound detection and ultrasonic medical, especially Ultrasonic Diagnosis,
The stringent limitation of acoustic pressure needs, no more than specified value, for this purpose, relevant regulatory requirements relevant device is regular in using preceding and use
Sound-filed simulation measurement and sound field intensity quantitative measurment are carried out, so measuring sound field intensity distribution and accurate quantitative analysis measurement acoustic pressure seems
It is particularly important.
All there is traditional measurement method certain limitation, common measurement method to have:
(1) hydrophone:The measurement of sound field suitable for various fluids.But this method belongs to intrusive measurement method, and
Hydrophone will be calibrated in advance;The introducing of hydrophone makes original sound field change, this method measurement error is larger, especially high frequency
The quantitative measurment of sound field, and measure less efficient when acoustic pressure distribution;
(2) method based on radiant force balance measurement:Continuous sound wave is normally incident in reflecting target, is received on measurement target
Acoustic radiation force calculates acoustical power.This method can only measure planar piston energy converter and Circular Aperture Sphere focusing supersonic energy converter spoke
The acoustical power of continuous sound wave is penetrated, and there is presently no the quantitative passes of radiation pressure and acoustic pressure for the measurement of line focus sound field acoustical power
System can not be used to accurately measure the acoustical power and acoustic pressure of pulsed ultrasonic field, it is impossible to be used in measure acoustic pressure distribution.
(3) calorimetry measures acoustical power:Ultrasound causes temperature to increase the heat generated after high-selenium corn material effect, measures
Wen Sheng, calibrated and calculating obtain acoustical power, and temperature change can also be determined by measuring the velocity of sound.
(4) from Yi Fa and reciprocity method:For the electroacoustic transducer of reciprocity, the ratio between receiving sensitivity and transmission response are one
Constant, as reciprocity constant measure several energy converter transfger impedances to transmitting transducer-reception array transducers pair respectively,
The transmission response of energy converter can be calculated using reciprocity constant.And then theoretical calculation goes out sound field intensity, it is evident that this method is
A kind of transducer calibration method, is not suitable for quantitative measurment sound field.
(5) Michelson interference fringe methods:Sound field causes the variation of medium refractive index and then influences Michelson interference
The variation of striped calculates acoustic pressure by analyzing the variation of interference fringe;Or pass through Michelson interferometer measurement acoustic radiations
The amplitude evaluation energy converter sound radiation pressure in face.But this method is suitable only for the measurement of the low frequency ultrasound fields below 50KHz,
The quantitative measurment of the high frequency sound field of 0.3MHz or more is relatively difficult.
(6) Schlieren methods:Light beam once by sound field, can carry out the quantitative measurment of sound field, but sensitivity is opposite
Relatively low, for the shorter or smaller acoustic pressure sound field of acousto-optic interaction distance, measurement sensitivity is not high, is often unable to measure.
It is known that in medical ultrasound diagnosis and application, ultrasonic frequency used is generally order of megahertz, for
The diffraction light distribution of plane wave sound field, sound field is in a series of bright spot, and bright spot spacing is related with sound wave length, and luminous intensity has with the sound intensity
It closes, quantitative measurment can be carried out to sound field when two neighboring point, which can understand, to be distinguished, and for focusing acoustic field, focal spot can be with
It is approximately plane wave, quantitative measurment can also be carried out.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the dresses a kind of sound field of reflective High-sensitivity imaging and measured
It sets and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of sound field measuring device, including data processor, signal generator, signal amplifier, acoustic transducer, laser
Device, diversing lens, collimation lens, spectroscope, speculum, Fourier transform lens, spatial filter, imaging len and image
Sensor, the data processor connect with the signal generator, the signal amplifier and the acoustic transducer successively
It connects, for emitting sound wave, generates sound field, the data processor is connect with described image sensor, for emitting and receiving
Signal, the laser transmitting light pass through the diversing lens, the collimation lens, the spectroscope, the sound field successively
And again along former road after light beam is deflected 90 ° by the sound field to the spectroscope after the speculum, using described
Fourier transform lens and after the spatial filter on the Fourier transform lens back focal plane, by it is described at
As lens, the picture of sound field is formed in described image sensor, the Acoustic Wave Propagation direction of the acoustic transducer radiation is passed with light
Broadcast that direction is vertical, light passes twice through the total acousto-optic interaction distance of sound fieldWherein, λaFor wave length of sound, λrayFor light wave
Wavelength after sound field imaging, described image sensor is moved on the Fourier transform lens back focal plane to be measured for receiving
The diffraction pattern of sound field, the data processor measure sound field according to the diffraction pattern of reception.
Further include diaphragm, for measuring the sound field subregion, when sound field is imaged, the diaphragm is arranged described
Between spectroscope and the speculum, the stop position and size are adjusted so that the sound field of part only to be measured is led to by light
It crosses.
Further include liquid tank and the sound absorption positioned at the liquid trench bottom when sound field is located in transparent liquid medium
Body.
A kind of acoustic field measuring method, the measurement method are included the following steps based on a kind of above-mentioned sound field measuring device:
(1) laser is opened, after adjusting the spatial filter position and the big as low as described Fourier transform lens
In focus, it is desirable that affiliated spatial filter is sufficiently small, and it is just details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues to make described image sensor at this time;
(2) data processor sends pumping signal to the signal generator simultaneously and to described image sensor
Forward delay interval exposure signal, pumping signal encourages the signal generator to emit acoustic wave excitation signal, through the signal amplifier
Encourage the acoustic transducer transmitting sound wave, delay exposure signal that the photosensitive shutter of described image sensor is encouraged to open after amplification,
Carry out photosensitive imaging;
(3) according to different delays, the picture of the sound field of different moments is obtained, the dynamic change for observing sound field;
(4) plane where described image sensor being moved to the spatial filter, receives spreading out for region sound field to be measured
Hot spot is penetrated, the velocity of sound of the sound field in transparent fluid is then gone out according to the distance computation of diffraction pattern, according to the intensity of diffraction pattern
Calculate the sound pressure level of sound field.
The acoustic pressure circular is as follows:
Velocity of sound c=f is obtained according to the hot spot distance computation of the diffraction pattern image of acquisitionaλrayF/ Δ u, in formula, c is indicated
The velocity of sound, Δ u indicate hot spot spacing, faFor acoustic frequency, f is the focal length of the Fourier transform lens, λrayIt is sent out for the laser
The wavelength for the light penetrated;
Integral of the acoustic pressure along light path is calculated according to the spot intensity of the diffraction pattern image of acquisition and the velocity of soundWherein, ImFor m rank interference light intensities, m is more than or equal to 1, αpFor piezo-optic coefficient, ρ0For
The density of medium, p where sound fieldsFor the acoustic pressure of difference in light path, it is possible thereby to calculateWherein, L0For
The acoustic transducer is along the length of optical path direction, pspFor acoustic pressure maximum value, f (psp) indicate acoustic pressure maximum value with acoustic pressure along light
Relationship between the integral on road passes through f (psp) find out psp, then find out radiation fields distribution function, you can find out any point
Acoustic pressure.
When measuring subregional acoustic pressure in the middle part of sound field, when sound field is imaged, the diaphragm is placed on the spectroscope
Between the sound field, its position and size are adjusted so that part sound field only to be measured is passed through by light, according between diffraction pattern
Away from the velocity of sound of the sound field in transparent fluid is calculated, the acoustic pressure of region sound field to be measured is calculated according to the intensitometer of diffraction pattern
Value.
The driving voltage for adjusting the signal generator receives the diffraction pattern of sound field under different driving voltages, calculates not
With the sound field acoustic pressure under voltage drive, the relationship of driving voltage and sound pressure is obtained, to realize to the acoustic transducer
Calibration.
The advantageous effect that the present invention is reached:The present invention makes light wave pass twice through sound field using speculum, can improve 2 times
Image sensitivity;By Fourier transform lens, space filtering processing is carried out on the back focal plane of Fourier transform lens, it can be real
Existing sound field imaging, mobile image sensor to transform lens back focal plane simultaneously receive diffraction pattern, can be according to hot spot distance computation sound
Speed is distributed according to spot intensity and calculates acoustic pressure;Diaphragm is set between sound field and spectroscope, can be used for measuring part sound field region
Acoustic pressure, the present invention can be achieved transparent fluid in various forms sound field imaging, can quantitative measurment plane sound field, almost plane sound
The intensity in almost plane sound field region and transducer calibration are, it can be achieved that impulse wave and continuous traveling wave plane sound in field and sound field
The measurement of field or almost plane sound field.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram during use of the present invention;
Reference sign:104 acoustic transducer for emitting sound wave;105 lasers;106 diversing lens;107 is accurate
Straight lens;108 spectroscopes;109 diaphragms;117 liquid tanks;116 sound field schematic diagrames;115 sound absorption bodies;111 Fourier transformations are saturating
Mirror;112 filters;113 imaging lens;114 CCD for receiving optical signal;110 reflective mirrors;102 signal generators;103 swash
Encourage signal amplifier;101 control computers.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of sound field measuring device, including computer 101, signal generator 102, signal amplifier 103, sound
Learn energy converter 104, liquid tank 117, the sound absorption body 115 positioned at liquid trench bottom, laser 105, diversing lens 106, collimation
Lens 107, spectroscope 108, diaphragm 109, speculum 110, Fourier transform lens 111, spatial filter 112, imaging len
113 and CCD114, computer 101 are connect with signal generator 102, signal amplifier 103 and acoustic transducer 104 successively,
For emitting sound wave, generation sound field 116 does not need the slot then if it is the measurement of sound field in gas in liquid tank 117, electricity
Brain 101 is connect with CCD114, for emitting and receiving signal, laser 105 emit light pass through successively diversing lens 106,
Again along former road by sound field 116, light after collimation lens 107, spectroscope 108, diaphragm 109, sound field 116 and speculum 110
After light beam is deflected 90 ° by door screen 109 to spectroscope 108, using Fourier transform lens 111 and it is located at Fourier transform lens
After spatial filter 112 on 111 back focal planes, by imaging len 113, the picture of region sound field to be measured is formed on CCD114,
Position by adjusting diaphragm 109 and size can be used for different zones acoustic field, when needing to measure whole region, can adjust
Section 109 size of diaphragm makes light all by sound field or remove diaphragm, Acoustic Wave Propagation direction that acoustic transducer 104 radiates and
Optical propagation direction is vertical, and light passes twice through the total acousto-optic interaction distance of sound fieldWherein, λaFor wave length of sound, λrayFor
Optical wavelength can generate multiorder diffractive and CCD114 is moved on 111 back focal plane of Fourier transform lens and is used after sound field imaging
In the diffraction pattern for receiving sound field to be measured, as shown in Fig. 2, computer 101 goes out sound field according to the distance computation of the diffraction pattern of reception
The velocity of sound in transparent fluid calculates measured zone sound field sound pressure level according to the intensitometer of diffraction pattern.
Specific acoustic field measuring method, includes the following steps:
(1) laser 105 is opened, device is as shown in Figure 1, adjust 112 position of spatial filter and big as low as Fourier change
It changes after lens 111 in focus, spatial filter 112 is sufficiently small, and it is just details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues to make CCD112 at this time;
(2) computer 101 sends pumping signal and is exposed to CCD112 forward delay intervals and believes to signal generator 102 simultaneously
Number, pumping signal excitation signal generator 102 emits acoustic wave excitation signal, and excitation acoustics changes after the amplification of signal amplifier 103
Energy device 104 emits sound wave, and delay exposure signal encourages the photosensitive shutters of CCD112 to open, carries out photosensitive imaging;
(3) according to different delays, the picture of the sound field of different moments is obtained, the dynamic change for observing sound field;
(4) position of adjustment diaphragm 109 and size, make part sound field only to be measured be passed through by light;
(5) CCD112 is moved into 112 place plane of spatial filter, device is as shown in Fig. 2, receive region sound field to be measured
Diffraction pattern, the velocity of sound of the sound field in transparent fluid is then gone out according to the distance computation of diffraction pattern, according to diffraction pattern
Strength co-mputation goes out the sound pressure level of sound field;
Acoustic pressure circular is as follows:
Velocity of sound c=f is obtained according to the hot spot distance computation of the diffraction pattern image of acquisitionaλrayf2/ Δ u, in formula, c is indicated
The velocity of sound, Δ u indicate hot spot spacing, faFor acoustic frequency, f2For the focal length of Fourier transform lens 111, λrayEmit for laser 105
Light wavelength;
Integral of the acoustic pressure along light path is calculated according to the spot intensity of the diffraction pattern image of acquisition and the velocity of soundWherein, ImFor m rank interference light intensities, m is more than or equal to 1, αpFor piezo-optic coefficient, ρ0For
The density of medium, p where sound fieldsFor the acoustic pressure of difference in light path, it is possible thereby to calculateWherein, L0For
Acoustic transducer 104 is along the length of optical path direction, pspFor acoustic pressure maximum value, f (psp) indicate acoustic pressure maximum value with acoustic pressure along light
Relationship between the integral on road passes through f (psp) find out psp, then find out radiation fields distribution function, you can find out any point
Acoustic pressure.For determining energy converter, correlation function is known.
(6) driving voltage of Regulate signal generator 102 receives the diffraction pattern of sound field under different driving voltages, calculates
Sound field acoustic pressure under different voltages excitation, can obtain the relationship of driving voltage and sound pressure, to realize to acoustic transducer
The calibration of device 104.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of sound field measuring device, characterized in that including data processor (101), signal generator (102), signal amplification
Device (103), acoustic transducer (104), laser (105), diversing lens (106), collimation lens (107), spectroscope (108),
Speculum (110), Fourier transform lens (111), spatial filter (112), imaging len (113) and imaging sensor
(114), the data processor (101) successively with the signal generator (102), the signal amplifier (103) and institute
Acoustic transducer (104) connection is stated, for emitting sound wave, generates sound field (116), the data processor (101) and the figure
As sensor (114) connection, for emitting and receiving signal, laser (105) the transmitting light passes through the hair successively
Penetrate lens (106), the collimation lens (107), the spectroscope (108), the sound field (116) and the speculum
(110) again along former road after light beam is deflected 90 ° by the sound field (116) to the spectroscope (108) after, using described
Fourier transform lens (111) and the spatial filter on the Fourier transform lens (111) back focal plane
(112) after, by the imaging len (113), the picture of sound field is formed in described image sensor (114), the acoustics changes
The Acoustic Wave Propagation direction that energy device (104) radiates is vertical with optical propagation direction, and light passes twice through the total acousto-optic interaction distance of sound fieldWherein, λaFor wave length of sound, λrayIt is after sound field imaging, described image sensor (114) are mobile for optical wavelength
Diffraction pattern on to the Fourier transform lens (111) back focal plane for receiving sound field to be measured, the data processor
(101) sound field is measured according to the diffraction pattern of reception.
2. a kind of sound field measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that further include diaphragm (109), for measuring
Sound field (116) subregion is stated, when sound field is imaged, by the diaphragm (109) setting in institute's spectroscope (108) and described anti-
It penetrates between mirror (110), adjusts the diaphragm (109) position and size so that the sound field of part only to be measured is passed through by light.
3. according to a kind of sound field measuring device of claim 1-2 any one of them, characterized in that sound field is located at transparency liquid Jie
Further include liquid tank (117) and the sound absorption body (115) positioned at the liquid tank (117) bottom when in matter.
4. a kind of acoustic field measuring method, characterized in that the measurement method is filled based on a kind of acoustic field described in claim 3
It sets, includes the following steps:
(1) laser (105) is opened, the spatial filter (112) position and the big as low as described Fourier transformation are adjusted
Lens (111) are afterwards in focus, it is desirable that affiliated spatial filter (112) is sufficiently small, makes described image sensor (112) at this time just
For details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues;
(2) data processor (101) while pumping signal is sent to the signal generator (102) and to described image
Sensor (112) forward delay interval exposure signal, pumping signal encourage the signal generator (102) to emit acoustic wave excitation signal,
The acoustic transducer (104) is encouraged to emit sound wave after the signal amplifier (103) amplification, delay exposure signal encourages institute
It states the photosensitive shutter of imaging sensor (112) to open, carries out photosensitive imaging;
(3) according to different delays, the picture of the sound field of different moments is obtained, the dynamic change for observing sound field;
(4) plane where described image sensor (112) being moved to the spatial filter (112), receives region sound to be measured
The diffraction pattern of field, then goes out the velocity of sound of the sound field in transparent fluid, according to diffraction pattern according to the distance computation of diffraction pattern
Strength co-mputation go out the sound pressure level of sound field.
5. a kind of acoustic field measuring method according to claim 4, characterized in that the acoustic pressure circular is as follows:
Velocity of sound c=f is obtained according to the hot spot distance computation of the diffraction pattern image of acquisitionaλrayf2/ Δ u, in formula, c indicates the velocity of sound,
Δ u indicates hot spot spacing, faFor acoustic frequency, f2For the focal length of the Fourier transform lens (111), λrayFor the laser
(105) wavelength of the light emitted;
Integral of the acoustic pressure along light path is calculated according to the spot intensity of the diffraction pattern image of acquisition and the velocity of soundWherein, ImFor m rank interference light intensities, m is more than or equal to 1, αpFor piezo-optic coefficient, ρ0For
The density of medium, p where sound fieldsFor the acoustic pressure of difference in light path, it is possible thereby to calculateWherein, L0For
The acoustic transducer (104) is along the length of optical path direction, pspFor acoustic pressure maximum value, f (psp) indicate acoustic pressure maximum value and acoustic pressure
Relationship between the integral of light path passes through f (psp) find out psp, then find out radiation fields distribution function, you can find out arbitrary
The acoustic pressure of a bit.
6. a kind of acoustic field measuring method according to claim 4, characterized in that the subregional acoustic pressure in the middle part of measurement sound field
When, when sound field is imaged, the diaphragm (109) is placed between the spectroscope (108) and the sound field (116), is adjusted
Its position and size so that part sound field only to be measured is passed through by light, goes out sound field transparent according to the distance computation of diffraction pattern
The velocity of sound in fluid calculates the sound pressure level of region sound field to be measured according to the intensitometer of diffraction pattern.
7. a kind of acoustic field measuring method according to claim 4, characterized in that adjust the signal generator (102)
Driving voltage receives the diffraction pattern of sound field under different driving voltages, calculates the sound field acoustic pressure under different voltages excitation, is swashed
The relationship of voltage and sound pressure is encouraged, to realize the calibration to the acoustic transducer (104).
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CN109974641A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-05 | 天津大学 | A kind of acoustic sounding device, system, method, computer equipment and storage medium |
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