CN114687741B - Two-step filling mining method for non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of gently inclined ore body - Google Patents
Two-step filling mining method for non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of gently inclined ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687741B CN114687741B CN202210313203.0A CN202210313203A CN114687741B CN 114687741 B CN114687741 B CN 114687741B CN 202210313203 A CN202210313203 A CN 202210313203A CN 114687741 B CN114687741 B CN 114687741B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/06—Filling-up mechanically
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gentle dip ore body non-explosive mechanical rock breaking two-step filling mining method. And (3) stoping the stope in two steps, namely stoping the stope in the one step and filling the goaf, and stoping the stope in the two steps and filling the goaf. During stope stoping, the cantilever type heading machine enters the heading machine posture adjustment chamber from the connecting channel, the adjusting machine body is rotated to cut ore falling to the stope boundary along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine is adopted to continuously drive the filling air return connecting channel forward to be communicated with the upper middle section transportation channel, the trackless mining transportation equipment follows ore removal in the stoping process, then the cantilever type heading machine backs to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber, and the stope is filled and connected with the roof. The invention adopts non-explosive mechanical cutting ore breaking mode to carry out stoping, and has the advantages of safe stoping operation, high efficiency, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underground mining, and particularly relates to a non-explosive mechanical rock breaking two-step filling mining method for a gently inclined ore body, which is particularly suitable for mining the gently inclined thin to medium thick ore body with low ore hardness.
Background
The ore body with gentle inclination from thin to medium thickness occupies a higher proportion in non-coal mines in China, particularly in precious metal gold, silver, tin and tungsten and chemical phosphorus, potassium and other ore deposits. The mining method is characterized in that a drilling and blasting method is adopted for stoping, so that the defects of hole drilling and blasting, small one-time ore falling amount of a working face, discontinuous operation, low stope production capacity, high operation cost and the like exist, particularly, mechanized continuous mining and unmanned mining are difficult to realize, and the development of the modernization of the mining industry is seriously restricted.
Compared with the traditional drilling and blasting method, the non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking mining has remarkable advantages in the aspects of safety, cost, efficiency and the like. The mining mode adopts mechanical cutting ore breaking, explosive and other initiating explosive are not adopted in the production operation process, toxic and harmful gas is not generated, the damage to the surrounding rock mass is small during mechanical cutting, and the safety degree of the whole operation is greatly improved compared with that of a drilling and blasting method; meanwhile, the non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking recovery operation flow is simple and continuous, the degree of mechanization is high, and automation and intellectualization are facilitated, so that the method has advantages in production capacity and efficiency compared with a drilling and blasting method, and the comprehensive recovery cost is lower than that of the traditional drilling and blasting method. In general, the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking mining can substantially improve the safety degree of metal underground mine operation and improve the overall economic benefit and environmental benefit of mine mining. At present, soft rock mines such as non-explosive mechanical coal mining and the like are applied in a large scale, and industrial production is realized. But the method is not popularized and applied to hard rock metal mines.
At present, mine science and technology workers at home and abroad develop related research and customs work in the aspect of non-explosive mechanical rock breaking and mining, and make certain progress. The biggest problem restricting non-explosive mechanical rock breaking mining is that the size and the weight of the cantilever type tunneling machine are too large and are limited by the limited size of the cross section of a roadway in an underground mine, the cantilever type tunneling machine is difficult to flexibly operate in a stope, and the operation efficiency of the cantilever type tunneling machine is greatly reduced, so that the production capacity and the efficiency are difficult to develop in actual operation.
Therefore, the invention provides a gentle dip ore body non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking two-step filling mining method, aims to overcome the problems of poor safety, poor operation continuity, high labor intensity, poor operation environment and the like in the traditional drilling and blasting method stoping of hard rock metal mines, and simultaneously solves the problem that a cantilever type heading machine in the prior art is difficult to flexibly operate in a stope.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a gentle dip ore body non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking two-step filling mining method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a, dividing stopes, wherein the stopes are arranged perpendicular to the trend of an ore body, the stopes in the first step and the stopes in the second step are arranged at intervals, and no stud is left between the stopes;
b, constructing a middle-section transportation lane in the ore body vein, reserving ore pillars on two sides of the middle-section transportation lane, penetrating the ore pillars from a middle-section transportation lane construction connection lane to a stope boundary, and constructing along the trend to form a heading machine attitude adjustment chamber, wherein the size of the heading machine attitude adjustment chamber meets the requirement of in-situ rotation and turning around of the cantilever type heading machine;
stoping in a stope, namely stoping in two steps, namely, firstly stoping the stope in the first step and filling a goaf, and then stoping the stope in the second step and filling the goaf; during stope stoping of a stope, the cantilever type heading machine enters a heading machine posture adjustment chamber from a connecting channel, the adjusting machine body is rotated to cut ore falling to the boundary of the stope along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine is adopted to continuously forward dig a filling air return connecting channel to be communicated with an upper middle section transportation channel, trackless mining transportation equipment follows ore removal in the stope process, then the cantilever type heading machine backs to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber, and the stope of the one step is filled and connected to the top; when stope stoping is carried out in the stope, the cantilever type heading machine enters the heading machine posture adjustment chamber from the connecting channel, the adjusting machine body is rotated to cut ore falling to the stope boundary along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine is adopted to continuously forward dig a filling air return connecting roadway to be communicated with the upper middle section transportation roadway, trackless mining transportation equipment follows ore removal in the stope process, then the cantilever type heading machine backs to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber, and the stope in the second step is filled and connected to the top;
and d, after stoping of the stope in the second step is finished, cantilever type tunneling exits from the heading machine posture adjusting chamber from the connecting road, and the heading machine posture adjusting chamber is filled to be connected with the roof.
Further, the width of the stope is determined according to the quality of the rock mass of the ore rocks and the cutting range of the cantilever type excavator.
Furthermore, the size of the heading machine attitude chamber is determined according to the size of the cantilever type heading machine equipment and the size requirements of the walking and turning space, and the heading machine attitude adjustment chamber top plate is supported by adopting a single or combined supporting mode of anchor cables, anchor rods, a hanging net and guniting.
Further, the trackless mining transportation equipment is a mine truck or a scraper.
Further, the stope in the one step is filled by a high-strength filling body, the strength of the stope in the one step is determined according to the self-supporting strength requirement of the filling body, and the stope in the two step is filled by a low-strength filling body.
Furthermore, when the stope is stoped, fresh air in the middle section transportation lane flows into a stope through the connecting road, and the dirty air of the washing stope is converged into the upper and middle section transportation lanes through the filling connection lane, and meanwhile, the stope working face is provided with a ventilation dust removal fan for removing dust.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art and the method, the gentle dip ore body non-explosive mechanical rock breaking two-step filling mining method provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The non-explosive mechanical rock breaking adopts mechanical cutting ore breaking, explosive and other initiating explosive are not adopted in the production operation process, toxic and harmful gas is not generated, the damage to the surrounding rock mass is small during mechanical cutting, and the overall operation safety degree is greatly improved compared with a drilling and blasting method.
(2) Compared with the traditional drilling and blasting method, the comprehensive recovery cost of the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking is lower.
(3) The non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking recovery operation flow is simple and continuous, the mechanization degree is high, and the automation and the intellectualization are favorably realized, so that the method has advantages in the aspects of production capacity and efficiency compared with a drilling and blasting method.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a two-step filling mining method for non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of a gently sloping ore body provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a front view of a non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking two-step cut-and-fill mining method for a gently sloping ore body according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-middle section transportation lane; 2-a communication channel; 3-heading machine attitude adjustment chamber; 4-high strength filler; 5-low strength filling body; 6-filling an air return connection roadway; 7-a cantilever type heading machine; 8-anchor cable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a gentle dip ore body non-explosive mechanical rock-breaking two-step filling mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, dividing stopes, wherein the stopes are arranged perpendicular to the trend of the ore body, the stopes in the first step and the stopes in the second step are arranged at intervals, and no stud is left between the stopes. The width of the stope is determined according to the quality of the rock mass of the ore rocks and the cutting range of the cantilever type tunneling machine 7.
And step b, construction of mining-based cutting engineering, namely constructing a middle-section transportation roadway 1 in an ore body vein, reserving ore pillars on two sides of the middle-section transportation roadway 1, constructing a connecting channel 2 from the middle-section transportation roadway 1 to the boundary of a stope through the ore pillars, constructing along the trend to form a heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3, wherein the size of the heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3 meets the requirement of the cantilever type heading machine 7 for in-situ rotation and turning, the size of the heading machine posture chamber is determined according to the size of equipment of the cantilever type heading machine 7 and the requirements of walking and turning space size, and a top plate of the heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3 is supported in a single or combined supporting mode of an anchor rope 8, an anchor rod, a hanging net and guniting.
Stoping in a stope, namely stoping in two steps, namely, firstly stoping the stope in the first step and filling the goaf, and then stoping the stope in the second step and filling the goaf; during stoping of a stope in the first step, the cantilever type heading machine 7 enters the heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3 from the connecting channel 2, the adjustment machine body is rotated to cut ore falling to the boundary of the stope along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine 7 is adopted to continuously forward dig a filling air return connecting roadway to be communicated with the upper middle section transportation roadway 1, trackless mining transportation equipment follows ore removal in the stope process, then the cantilever type heading machine 7 backs to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3, and the stope in the first step is filled and connected to the roof; and during stoping of the stope in the second step, the cantilever type heading machine 7 enters the heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3 from the connecting channel 2, the adjusting machine body is rotated to cut and drop ores to the boundary of the stope along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine 7 is adopted to continuously forward heading and fill the return air connecting channel to be communicated with the upper middle section transportation channel 1, trackless mining transportation equipment is used for ore removal in the stoping process, then the cantilever type heading machine 7 is backed to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber 3, and the stope in the second step is filled and connected to the roof. The trackless mining transportation equipment is a mine truck or a scraper. When stope stoping, fresh air in the middle section transportation lane 1 flows into the stope through the connecting lane 2, dirty air for washing the stope is converged into the upper middle section transportation lane 1 through the filling connecting lane, and meanwhile, a ventilation and dust removal fan is arranged on the stope working face for removing dust. The stope in the first step is filled by a high-strength filling body 4, the strength of the stope is determined according to the self-supporting strength requirement of the filling body, and the stope in the second step is filled by a low-strength filling body 5.
And d, after stoping of the stope in the second step is finished, cantilever type tunneling exits the tunneling machine posture adjustment chamber 3 from the connecting road 2, and the tunneling machine posture adjustment chamber 3 is filled and connected to the roof.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A two-step filling mining method for non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of a gentle dip ore body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a, dividing stopes, wherein the stopes are arranged perpendicular to the trend of an ore body, the stopes in the first step and the stopes in the second step are arranged at intervals, and no stud is left between the stopes;
b, constructing a middle-section transportation lane in the ore body vein, reserving ore pillars on two sides of the middle-section transportation lane, penetrating the ore pillars from a middle-section transportation lane construction connection lane to a stope boundary, and constructing along the trend to form a heading machine attitude adjustment chamber, wherein the size of the heading machine attitude adjustment chamber meets the requirement of in-situ rotation and turning around of the cantilever type heading machine;
stoping in a stope, namely stoping in two steps, namely, firstly stoping the stope in the first step and filling the goaf, and then stoping the stope in the second step and filling the goaf; during stope stoping of a stope, the cantilever type heading machine enters a heading machine posture adjustment chamber from a connecting channel, the adjusting machine body is rotated to cut ore falling to the boundary of the stope along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine is adopted to continuously forward dig a filling air return connecting channel to be communicated with an upper middle section transportation channel, trackless mining transportation equipment follows ore removal in the stope process, then the cantilever type heading machine backs to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber, and the stope of the one step is filled and connected to the top; when stope stoping is carried out in the stope, the cantilever type heading machine enters the heading machine posture adjustment chamber from the connecting channel, the adjusting machine body is rotated to cut ore falling to the stope boundary along the stope direction, the cantilever type heading machine is adopted to continuously forward dig a filling air return connecting roadway to be communicated with the upper middle section transportation roadway, trackless mining transportation equipment follows ore removal in the stope process, then the cantilever type heading machine backs to the heading machine posture adjustment chamber, and the stope in the second step is filled and connected to the top;
and d, after stoping of the stope in the second step is finished, cantilever type tunneling exits from the heading machine posture adjusting chamber from the connecting road, and the heading machine posture adjusting chamber is filled to be connected with the roof.
2. The two-step filling mining method for the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of the gently inclined ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stope width is determined according to the quality of the rock mass of the ore rocks and the cutting range of the cantilever type tunneling machine.
3. The two-step filling mining method for the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of the gently inclined ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the size of the attitude adjustment chamber of the heading machine is determined according to the size of the equipment of the cantilever type heading machine and the size requirements of walking and turning space, and the top plate of the attitude adjustment chamber of the heading machine is supported by adopting a single or combined supporting mode of an anchor rope, an anchor rod, a hanging net and guniting.
4. The two-step filling mining method for the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of the gently inclined ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trackless mining transportation equipment is a mine truck or a scraper.
5. The two-step filling mining method for the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of the gently inclined ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stope in the first step is filled by a high-strength filling body, the strength of the stope is determined according to the self-supporting strength requirement of the filling body, and the stope in the second step is filled by a low-strength filling body.
6. The two-step filling mining method for the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking of the gently inclined ore body according to claim 1, characterized in that: when stope stoping, fresh air in the middle section transportation lane flows into the stope through the connecting road, and the dirty air of the washing and mining site is converged into the upper and middle section transportation lanes through the filling connection lane, and meanwhile, the stoping operation surface is provided with a ventilation and dust removal fan for dust removal.
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| CN201241704Y (en) * | 2008-08-23 | 2009-05-20 | 山西焦煤集团有限责任公司 | Mounting fully-mechanized mining working face laneway of railless rubber wheel vehicle |
| CN104060991B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-01-20 | 中南大学 | A kind of for ramp upward ut and fill stoping in the arteries and veins of Gently inclined thin vein |
| CN104088648A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-08 | 山东华联矿业股份有限公司 | Backing-up chamber |
| CN106761912B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-07-03 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of be suitable for unstable formation efficiently on to route slicing and filling mining methods |
| CN108643911B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-09-10 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | It is a kind of inclination or Steeply dipping narrow deposits boom-type roadheader fall mine success mining method |
| CN110886613A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-17 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mechanized continuous hard rock mining method |
| CN112360464B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-04-02 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Mechanical mining method of medium-thickness ore body excavator |
| CN215890020U (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-02-22 | 河北寰球工程有限公司 | Sublevel open stope subsequent filling mining structure for inclined medium-thickness ore body |
| CN113914863A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-11 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Mechanical mining method of near-horizontal thin ore body intelligent heading machine |
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