CN114686767B - 一种超低压缩比厚规格dh36钢板及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种超低压缩比厚规格dh36钢板及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN114686767B
CN114686767B CN202210339209.5A CN202210339209A CN114686767B CN 114686767 B CN114686767 B CN 114686767B CN 202210339209 A CN202210339209 A CN 202210339209A CN 114686767 B CN114686767 B CN 114686767B
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李国宝
孙卫华
周兰聚
杨建勋
王润港
郑飞
王淑华
李东岳
张亚彬
赵攀峰
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SD Steel Rizhao Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板及其生产方法,属于冶金的技术领域。包括重量百分比的以下成分:C 0.15%~0.18%,Si 0.20%~0.40%,Mn 1.40%~1.60%,P≤0.015%,S≤0.010%,Als 0.020%~0.050%,Nb 0.030%~0.045%,V 0.040%~0.060%,Ti0.008%~0.018%,其余为Fe和不可避免杂质。本发明通过中低碳含量设计,以及低Mn、Nb、V、Ti元素合金含量设计,采用纯净钢冶炼技术、“硬壳轧制”技术、ACC水冷+正火工艺,通过组织调控,确保低圧缩比厚规格钢板性能。

Description

一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明属于冶金的技术领域,具体涉及一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板及其生产方法。
背景技术
DH36作为一种高强度船板海工用钢,低温冲击韧性要求高,厚规格冲击韧性更加难以保证。目前生产60mm以上DH36大多采用厚度≥300mm的铸坯,以较高的压缩比细化晶粒,从而保证冲击韧性。现有很多铸机生产铸坯能力有限,厚规格铸坯宽度较窄,很多宽厚规格海工钢无法生产,需要依靠复合制坯工艺生产,生产时间长、成本高,生产组织难度大。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的厚规格海工钢所需压缩比较高,对铸机和轧机限制较大的问题,本发明提供一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36船板-海工钢板及其生产方法,以解决上述问题。本发明通过中低碳含量设计,以及低Mn、Nb、V、Ti元素合金含量设计,采用纯净钢冶炼技术、“硬壳轧制”技术、ACC水冷+正火工艺,通过组织调控,确保低圧缩比厚规格钢板性能。
本发明的技术方案为:
一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,包括重量百分比的以下成分:C 0.15%~0.18%,Si 0.20%~0.40%,Mn 1.40%~1.60%,P≤0.015%,S≤0.010%,Als 0.020%~0.050%,Nb 0.030%~0.045%,V 0.040%~0.060%,Ti 0.008%~0.018%,其余为Fe和不可避免杂质。
C元素:C是仅次于铁的主要元素,它直接影响钢材的强度、塑性、韧性和焊接性能等。为满足本专利产品的高强度及高低温冲击韧性的要求,结合ACC水冷+正火工艺设计,综合考虑设计碳元素为中低碳含量0.15%~0.18%;
Si元素:本设计Si元素作为脱氧剂,控制氧元素含量≤30ppm。并且少量硅能溶于铁素体中提高钢的硬度和强度,设计Si元素含量为0.20%~0.40%;
Mn元素:由于Mn价格相对便宜,且能与Fe无限固溶,在提高钢材强度的同时,对塑性的影响相对较小。因此,锰被广泛用于钢中的强化元素。所以在保证钢板设计强度的前提下,本设计控制Mn含量为1.40%~1.60%;
Al元素:铝作为脱氧剂或合金化元素加入钢中,铝脱氧能力比硅、锰强很多。铝在钢中的主要作用是细化晶粒、固定钢中的氮,从而显著提高钢的冲击韧性,本设计Als含量0.020%~0.050%;
Nb元素:微量铌可以在不影响钢的塑性或韧性的情况下提高钢的强度。由于有细化晶粒的作用,能提高钢的冲击韧性并降低其脆性转变温度。本设计Nb含量0.030%~0.045%;
V元素:钒在普通低碳合金钢中能细化晶粒,提高正火后的强度和屈服比及低温特性,改善钢的焊接性能。本设计V元素含量0.040%~0.060%;
Ti元素:Ti是一种良好固定碳的有效元素,钛在普通低合金钢中能提高塑性和韧性。同时为了避免Ti的液析产型TiN化合物。本设计Ti元素含量0.008%~0.018%;
P元素:P是由矿石带入钢中的,磷虽能使钢材的强度、硬度增高,但引起塑性、冲击韧性显著降低。特别是在低温时,它使钢材显著变脆,这种现象称"冷脆"。本设计控制P含量P≤0.015%;
S元素:硫以硫化铁(FeS)的形态存在于钢中,连铸过程中若工艺控制不佳,容易产生MnS铸坯中心偏析,因此本设计控S含量S≤0.010%。
优选的,所述钢板的厚度规格为60~75mm。
一种制备超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板的方法,包括以下步骤:
转炉炼钢、LF+RH精炼、连铸、铸坯缓冷、铸坯加热、除鳞、粗轧、中间坯冷却、精轧、ACC水冷、正火、冷床空冷。
优选的,采用转炉冶炼,顶底复吹,充分脱碳、脱磷;通过LF+RH精炼,降低有害元素/杂质和气体元素含量,LF处理时间不低于30min,RH纯脱气时间不小于5min。
优选的,为预防角部裂纹,连铸过程采用弱水冷工艺,拉速0.9~1.2m/min,保护渣消耗控制在0.50~0.70kg/吨钢,二冷水比水量0.40~0.55L/kg。
优选的,铸坯出炉温度控制在1150~1220℃,加热时间不高于165min,出炉后采用高压水除鳞。
优选的,所述粗轧过程道次压下率大于10%。
优选的,所述中间坯冷却至800~850℃。
优选的,所述精轧过程为:中间坯充分返红后,控制精轧开轧温度在800~840℃,终轧返红温度780~820℃,精轧总压下率≥25%。
优选的,轧后采用ACC水冷,开冷温度要求≥770℃,冷速要求5~10℃/S,终冷返红温度要求300~500℃。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明通过中低碳含量设计,以及低Mn、Nb、V、Ti元素合金含量设计,采用纯净钢冶炼技术、“硬壳轧制”技术、ACC水冷+正火工艺,通过组织调控,确保低圧缩比厚规格钢板性能。轧制过程采用“硬壳轧制”技术,即在粗轧结束后,利用ACC水冷设备有效控制中间坯温度,提高中间坯表面硬度且不发生组织转变,增加精轧过程的轧制渗透,增大心部组织变形量,增加畸变能,为后续组织细化打下基础,改善心部组织。控轧后迅速进行ACC水冷,避免带状组织产生,获得以贝氏体组织为主,少量多边形铁素体+弥散珠光体的细小组织,为正火打下组织基础。正火能够进一步提高组织均匀性,改善心部偏析,冷床空冷后能够获得细晶铁素体+珠光体组织,提高探伤合格率。通过多机制强韧化耦合组织调控,以及冶炼-连铸-轧制及热处理一体化全流程稳定、高效的生产技术集成及质量稳定性控制体系,保证超低圧缩比厚规格DH36产品性能稳定,钢板头尾部低温冲击韧性均良好,心部偏析得到改善,低温使用条件下可靠性高,完全满足GB 712-2011要求,大大提高了生产效率,有效降低生产组织难度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,对于本领域普通技术人员而言,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例1所得钢板组织结构图。
图2是本发明实施例2所得钢板组织结构图。
图3是本发明对比例所得钢板组织结构图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,包括重量百分比的以下成分:C 0.17%,Si0.30%,Mn 1.48%,P 0.011%,S 0.008%,Als 0.045%,Nb 0.033%,V 0.045%,Ti0.010%,其余为Fe和不可避免杂质。钢板厚度为75mm。
制备上述超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,包括以下步骤:转炉炼钢、LF+RH精炼、连铸、铸坯缓冷、铸坯加热、除鳞、粗轧、中间坯冷却、精轧、ACC水冷、正火、冷床空冷。
转炉炼钢:采用转炉冶炼,顶底复吹,充分脱碳、脱磷;
LF+RH精炼:LF处理时间40min,RH纯脱气时间7min。
连铸工序:采用弱水冷工艺,拉速设定1.0m/min,保护渣消耗0.6kg/吨钢,二冷水比水量0.53L/kg,铸坯厚度为150mm。
铸坯加热工序:预热段温度890~910℃,一段加热温度1060~1090℃,二段加热温度1200~1220℃,均热段温度1215~1225℃,加热炉出炉温度1160~1180℃,在炉时间控制在120min。
粗轧、ACC水冷和精轧:采用粗轧及精轧两段控制轧制,中间坯厚度为100mm;中间坯水冷表面温度850℃;二次开轧温度810℃,终轧温度800℃。精轧后采用ACC水冷,开冷温度795℃,终冷温度470℃,冷速为7℃/S。
正火:正火温度900℃,正火时间系数1.4min/mm。
对实施例1制备的钢板进行力学性能和金相组织检测,检测结果如下表1和图1:
表1-检测结果
Figure BDA0003578123990000051
根据检测结果可以看出,实施例1制备的钢板综合拉伸强度性能指标全部符合国标及船级社要求。根据图1检验结果可以看出,实施例1生产的DH36钢板组织均匀,平均晶粒度9.0~10.5级。
实施例2
一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,包括重量百分比的以下成分:C 0.17%,Si0.30%,Mn 1.48%,P 0.011%,S 0.008%,Als 0.045%,Nb 0.033%,V 0.045%,Ti0.010%,其余为Fe和不可避免杂质。钢板厚度为60mm。
制备上述超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,包括以下步骤:转炉炼钢、LF+RH精炼、连铸、铸坯缓冷、铸坯加热、除鳞、粗轧、中间坯冷却、精轧、ACC水冷、正火、冷床空冷。
LF+RH精炼:LF处理时间40min,RH纯脱气时间7min。
连铸工序:采用弱水冷工艺,拉速设定1.0m/min,保护渣消耗0.6kg/吨钢,二冷水比水量0.53L/kg,铸坯厚度为150mm。
铸坯加热工序:预热段温度890~910℃,一段加热温度1060~1090℃,二段加热温度1200~1220℃,均热段温度1215~1225℃,加热炉出炉温度1160~1180℃,在炉时间控制在120min。
粗轧、ACC水冷和精轧:采用粗轧及精轧两段控制轧制,中间坯厚度为90mm;中间坯水冷表面温度840℃;二次开轧温度800℃,终轧温度798℃。精轧后采用ACC水冷,开冷温度794℃,终冷温度490℃,冷速为7℃/S。
正火:正火温度900℃,正火时间系数1.4min/mm。
对实施例2制备的钢板进行力学性能和金相组织检测,检测结果如下表2和图2:
表2-检测结果
Figure BDA0003578123990000061
根据检测结果可以看出,实施例2制备的钢板综合拉伸强度性能指标全部符合国标及船级社要求。根据图2检验结果可以看出,实施例2生产的DH36钢板组织均匀,平均晶粒度9.0~10.5级。成分及工艺设计合理,晶粒细化,钢板强度、塑性优良,低温冲击值高,低温条件使用可靠性高。
对比例
常规方案DH36船板海工钢板,包括重量百分比的以下成分:C 0.17%,Si 0.31%,Mn1.47%,P 0.011%,S 0.007%,Als 0.038%,Nb 0.031%,V 0.043%,Ti 0.010%,其余为Fe和不可避免杂质。钢板厚度为75mm。
制备常规DH36船板海工钢板,包括以下步骤:转炉炼钢、LF+RH精炼、连铸、铸坯缓冷、铸坯加热、除鳞、粗轧、精轧、ACC水冷、正火、冷床空冷。
LF+RH精炼:LF处理时间40min,RH纯脱气时间7min。
连铸工序:采用弱水冷工艺,拉速设定0.8m/min,保护渣消耗0.6kg/吨钢,二冷水比水量0.53L/kg,铸坯厚度为300mm。
铸坯加热工序:预热段温度890~910℃,一段加热温度1060~1090℃,二段加热温度1200~1220℃,均热段温度1215~1225℃,加热炉出炉温度1160~1180℃,在炉时间控制在240min。
粗轧、ACC水冷和精轧:采用粗轧及精轧两段控制轧制,中间坯厚度为140mm;精轧开轧温度807℃,终轧温度805℃。精轧后采用ACC水冷,开冷温度802℃,终冷温度601℃,冷速为6℃/S。
正火:正火温度900℃,正火时间系数1.4min/mm。
对对比例制备的钢板进行力学性能和金相组织检测,检测结果如下表3和图3:
表3-检测结果
Figure BDA0003578123990000071
根据检测结果可以看出,对比例制备的钢板综合拉伸强度性能指标符合国标及船级社要求。根据图3检验结果可以看出,对比例组织和实例1、2组织接近,且实例1、2晶粒更细,实例所述方案可行。
尽管通过参考附图并结合优选实施例的方式对本发明进行了详细描述,但本发明并不限于此。在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的前提下,本领域普通技术人员可以对本发明的实施例进行各种等效的修改或替换,而这些修改或替换都应在本发明的涵盖范围内/任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以权利要求所述的保护范围为准。

Claims (1)

1.一种超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,其特征在于,包括重量百分比的以下成分:C0.17%,Si 0.30%,Mn 1.48%,P 0.011%,S 0.008%,Als 0.045%,Nb 0.033%,V0.045%,Ti 0.010%,其余为Fe和不可避免杂质,钢板厚度为75mm;
制备上述超低压缩比厚规格DH36钢板,包括以下步骤:转炉炼钢、LF+RH精炼、连铸、铸坯缓冷、铸坯加热、除鳞、粗轧、中间坯冷却、精轧、ACC水冷、正火、冷床空冷;
其中:
转炉炼钢:采用转炉冶炼,顶底复吹,充分脱碳、脱磷;
LF+RH精炼:LF处理时间40min,RH纯脱气时间7min;
连铸工序:采用弱水冷工艺,拉速设定1.0m/min,保护渣消耗0.6kg/吨钢,二冷水比水量0.53L/kg,铸坯厚度为150mm;
铸坯加热工序:预热段温度890~910℃,一段加热温度1060~1090℃,二段加热温度1200~1220℃,均热段温度1215~1225℃,加热炉出炉温度1160~1180℃,在炉时间控制在120min;
粗轧、ACC水冷和精轧:采用粗轧及精轧两段控制轧制,中间坯厚度为100mm;中间坯水冷表面温度850℃;二次开轧温度810℃,终轧温度800℃;精轧后采用ACC水冷,开冷温度795℃,终冷温度470℃,冷速为7℃/S;
正火:正火温度900℃,正火时间系数1.4min/mm。
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