CN114685147A - 陶瓷材料与焊线瓷嘴 - Google Patents

陶瓷材料与焊线瓷嘴 Download PDF

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CN114685147A
CN114685147A CN202111550636.XA CN202111550636A CN114685147A CN 114685147 A CN114685147 A CN 114685147A CN 202111550636 A CN202111550636 A CN 202111550636A CN 114685147 A CN114685147 A CN 114685147A
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ions
ceramic material
zta
weight
powder
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黄天恒
吴禹函
邱国创
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Abstract

本发明提供的陶瓷材料包括氧化锆增韧的氧化铝，其掺杂锌(Zn)离子与其他金属离子，其中其他金属离子是铬(Cr)离子、钛(Ti)离子、钆(Gd)离子、锰(Mn)离子、钴(Co)离子、铁(Fe)离子、或前述的组合。陶瓷材料的硬度可为1600Hv10至2200Hv10，而抗折强度可为600MPa至645MPa。陶瓷材料可作为焊线瓷嘴。

Description

陶瓷材料与焊线瓷嘴
技术领域
本揭露关于焊线瓷嘴，更特别是关于其所采用的陶瓷材料。
背景技术
全球前10名IC封测厂商使用焊线机数量超过10万台，而焊线机采用的瓷嘴产值达5亿美元/年以上。瓷嘴因需高速地接触芯片及导线架的电极(焊点)，使用一定次数(约60万点)后即会产生磨损或变形，而产生断线或接触不良等问题，故极需开发具超精密、高强度、长寿命的瓷嘴产品。
因此，目前亟需开发具有优异的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性，同时具有高强度和高韧性的陶瓷材料，以符合焊线瓷嘴的需求。
发明内容
本揭露一实施例提供的陶瓷材料，包括：氧化锆增韧的氧化铝，其掺杂锌(Zn)离子与其他金属离子，其中其他金属离子是铬(Cr)、钛(Ti)、钆(Gd)、锰(Mn)、钴(Co)、铁(Fe)、或前述的组合。
在一些本揭露所提供的陶瓷材料的实施例中，氧化铝与氧化锆的重量比例为100:15至100:30。
在一些本揭露所提供的陶瓷材料的实施例中，氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与锌离子的重量比例为100:1至100:2。
在一些本揭露所提供的陶瓷材料的实施例中，氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与其他金属离子的重量比例为100:0.5至100:2。
在一些本揭露所提供的陶瓷材料的实施例中，锌离子与其他金属离子的重量比例为1:0.05至1:1.25。
在一些本揭露所提供的陶瓷材料的实施例中，陶瓷材料的硬度为1600Hv10至2200Hv10。
在一些本揭露所提供的陶瓷材料的实施例中，陶瓷材料的抗折强度为600MPa至645MPa。
本揭露一实施例提供的焊线瓷嘴包括有陶瓷材料，其中陶瓷材料包括：氧化锆增韧的氧化铝，其掺杂锌离子与其他金属离子，其中其他金属离子是Cr、Ti、Gd、Mn、Co、Fe、或前述的组合。
在一些本揭露所提供的焊线瓷嘴的实施例中，氧化铝与氧化锆的重量比例为100:15至100:30。
在一些本揭露所提供的焊线瓷嘴的实施例中，氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与锌离子的重量比例为100:1至100:2。
在一些本揭露所提供的焊线瓷嘴的实施例中，氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与其他金属离子重量比例为100:0.5至100:2。
在一些本揭露所提供的焊线瓷嘴的实施例中，锌离子与其他金属离子的重量比例为1:0.06至1:0.9。
在一些本揭露所提供的焊线瓷嘴的实施例中，陶瓷材料的硬度为1600Hv10至2200Hv10。
在一些本揭露所提供的焊线瓷嘴的实施例中，陶瓷材料的抗折强度为600MPa至645MPa。
具体实施方式
本揭露一实施例提供的陶瓷材料，包括：氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(zirconiatoughened alumina,ZTA)，其掺杂锌(Zn)离子与其他金属离子。其他金属离子可为铬(Cr)、钛(Ti)、钆(Gd)、锰(Mn)、钴(Co)、铁(Fe)、或前述的组合。若采用上述其他金属离子以外的金属离子，则陶瓷材料可能较难达到所需的特性。
在一些实施例中，氧化铝与氧化锆的重量比例可为约100:15至100:30，例如可为约100:18、约100:20、约100:22等，但本揭露并不以此为限。若氧化锆的比例过低或过高，则无法达到增韧氧化铝的效果。在一些实施例中，氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与锌离子的重量比例可为约100:1至100:2，例如可为约100:1.2、约100:1.5、约100:1.8等，但本揭露并不以此为限。若锌的比例过低或过高，则陶瓷材料的硬度与抗折强度皆会不足。
在一些实施例中，氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与其他金属离子的重量比例可为约100:0.5至100:2，例如可为约100:0.75、约100:1、约100:1.25、约100:1.5、约100:1.75等，但本揭露并不以此为限。若其他金属离子的比例过低或过高，则陶瓷材料的硬度与抗折强度皆会不足。在一些实施例中，锌离子与其他金属离子的重量比例可为约1:0.05至1:1.25，例如可为约1:0.06至1:0.9、约1:0.08至1:1.2、约1:0.1至1:1.15、约1:0.2至1:1.12、约1:0.5至1:1.1、约1:1、约1:0.9等，但本揭露并不以此为限。若锌的比例过高，则硬度变差。若其他金属离子的比例过高，则硬度也会变差。
在一些实施例中，陶瓷材料的硬度可为约1600Hv10至2200Hv10，例如可为约1700Hv10至2100Hv10、约1800Hv10至2000Hv10、约1650Hv10至1950Hv10、约1750Hv10至2150Hv10、约1850Hv10、约2180Hv10等，但本揭露并不以此为限。若陶瓷材料的硬度过低，则不符合焊线瓷嘴的规格。在一些实施例中，陶瓷材料的抗折强度可为约600MPa至645MPa，例如可为约615MPa至640MPa、约620MPa至635MPa、约625MPa、约630MPa等，但本揭露并不以此为限。若陶瓷材料的抗折强度过低，则不符焊线瓷嘴的规格。
本揭露一实施例的焊线瓷嘴可包括上述陶瓷材料。可以理解的是，除了焊线磁嘴以外，陶瓷材料亦可用于其他用途，例如可用于骨科植入物(orthopedic implants)、直接覆铜基板(Direct Bonded Copper,DBC)、或低温共烧陶瓷(low temperature co-firedceramic,LTCC)等，但本揭露并不以此为限。
上述陶瓷材料的形成方法可为混合适当比例的氧化铝与氧化锆组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。接着混合适当比例的ZTA、锌源、与其他金属源。锌源与其他金属源可为氧化物、醋酸盐、硝酸盐、或其他合适的盐类。接着将混合物研磨成粉后，成型并烧结形成陶瓷材料。值得注意的是，上述方法仅为形成陶瓷材料的方法之一，但本揭露并不限于此。本技术领域中具有通常知识者自可采用其他可行方法，掺杂适量的锌离子与其他金属离子至ZTA中以形成上述陶瓷材料。
为让本揭露的上述内容和其他目的、特征、和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举出较佳实施例，作详细说明如下：
[实施例]
在以下实施例中，陶瓷材料的硬度量测标准为CNS 13983。在以下实施例中，陶瓷材料的抗折强度量测标准为CNS 12701。
实施例1
取Al2O3(56.8g，100wt％)与ZrO2(20.23g，25wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.633至1.729重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化铬(含1.41至5.891重量份的Cr离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机(ball mill)中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其组成比例与硬度如表1所示。由表1可知，通过Zn离子与Cr离子以重量比例约1:0.05至1:1.25(例如约1:0.85)进行掺杂时，可使陶瓷材料的硬度由1414.1Hv10增加至1884Hv10，抗折强度为632.29MPa，之后陶瓷材料的硬度则随着Cr离子掺杂量的增加而减少。
表1
ZTA Zn Cr Hv10
100 0 0 1414.1
100 1.633 0 1625.4
100 1.656 1.410 1884
100 1.680 2.861 853.1
100 1.729 5.891 652.0
实施例2
取Al2O3(56.8g，100wt％)与ZrO2(20.23g，25wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.633至7.145重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化铬(含1.42至1.506重量份的Cr离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其组成比例与硬度如表2所示。由表2可知，陶瓷材料的硬度会随着掺杂Zn离子的增加而提升，且于Zn离子与Cr离子以重量比例约1:0.05至1:1.25(例如约1:0.85)进行掺杂时，可使陶瓷材料的硬度由1414.1Hv10增加至1884Hv10，抗折强度为632.29MPa，之后陶瓷材料的硬度则随着Zn离子掺杂量的增加而减少。
表2
ZTA Zn Cr Hv10
100 0 0 1414.1
100 1.633 0 1625.4
100 1.656 1.410 1884
100 3.301 1.445 1399.8
100 7.145 1.506 1290.4
实施例3
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.64重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化钴(含0.73重量份的Co离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为2065.1Hv10，抗折强度为608.63MPa。
实施例4
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.65重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化钛(含1.24重量份的Ti离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为1716.3Hv10。
实施例5
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.65重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化钆(含1.76重量份的Gd离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为1769.9Hv10。
实施例6
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.65重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化锰(含1.6重量份的Mn离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为2080Hv10。
实施例7
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.64重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化铁(含0.71重量份的Fe离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为2042.1Hv10。
比较例1
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.66重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化镧(含1.76重量份的La离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为1488Hv10。
比较例2
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.65重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化钙(含0.82重量份的Ca离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为1496.7Hv10。
比较例3
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA、氧化锌(含1.66重量份的Zn离子)、与氧化铜(含1.65重量份的Cu离子)，将三者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为1226.7Hv10。
比较例4
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA与氧化钒(含1.38重量份的V离子)，将两者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，由于此条件所形成的陶瓷材料相当脆裂，以致无法量测其硬度。
比较例5
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA与氧化铕(含1.76重量份的Eu离子)，将两者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为713.4Hv10。
比较例6
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA与氧化钆(含1.76重量份的Gd离子)，将两者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为730.8Hv10。
比较例7
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA与氧化铽(含1.77重量份的Tb离子)，将两者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为450.9Hv10。
比较例8
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA与氧化钼(含1.35重量份的Mo离子)，将两者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，由于此条件所形成的陶瓷材料相当脆裂，以致无法量测其硬度。
比较例9
取Al2O3(64g，100wt％)与ZrO2(13.48g，21.1wt％)先混合组成氧化锆增韧的氧化铝(ZTA)。取100重量份的ZTA与氧化铋(含1.83重量份的Bi离子)，将两者混合的粉末与80g的乙醇加入球磨罐中，并置于球磨机中球磨混合24小时，再取出干燥研磨成粉。取适量粉体在40kg/m2条件下压制成直径11mm的圆坯，加热到1500℃至1650℃后持温1小时，以形成陶瓷材料，其硬度为344.4Hv10。
由上述实施例可知，于ZTA中添加适量的Zn离子与特定金属离子(如Cr离子、Ti离子、Gd离子、Mn离子、Co离子、或Fe离子)可提升ZTA的硬度。若添加上述金属离子以外的其他金属离子则未必能有效提升ZTA的硬度，甚至可能大幅降低ZTA的硬度(如Bi离子或Tb离子)，或导致ZTA脆裂而无法量测其硬度(如V离子或Mo离子)。
虽然本揭露已以数个较佳实施例揭露如上，然其并非用以限定本揭露，任何所属技术领域中具有通常知识者，在不脱离本揭露的精神和范围内，当可作任意的更动与润饰，因此本揭露的保护范围当视后附的申请专利范围所界定者为准。

Claims (14)

1.一种陶瓷材料，包括：
氧化锆增韧的氧化铝，其掺杂锌(Zn)离子与其他金属离子，其中所述其他金属离子是铬(Cr)离子、钛(Ti)离子、钆(Gd)离子、锰(Mn)离子、钴(Co)离子、铁(Fe)离子、或前述的组合。
2.如权利要求1的陶瓷材料，其中所述氧化铝与所述氧化锆的重量比例为100:15至100:30。
3.如权利要求1的陶瓷材料，其中所述氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与所述锌离子的重量比例为100:1至100:2。
4.如权利要求1的陶瓷材料，其中所述氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与所述其他金属离子的重量比例为100:0.5至100:2。
5.如权利要求1的陶瓷材料，其中所述锌离子与所述其他金属离子的重量比例为1:0.05至1:1.25。
6.如权利要求1的陶瓷材料，所述陶瓷材料的硬度为1600Hv10至2200Hv10。
7.如权利要求1的陶瓷材料，所述陶瓷材料的抗折强度为600MPa至645MPa。
8.一种焊线瓷嘴，包括：
陶瓷材料，包括：
氧化锆增韧的氧化铝，其掺杂锌(Zn)离子与其他金属离子，其中所述其他金属离子是铬(Cr)离子、钛(Ti)离子、钆(Gd)离子、锰(Mn)离子、钴(Co)离子、铁(Fe)离子或前述的组合。
9.如权利要求8的焊线瓷嘴，其中所述氧化铝与所述氧化锆的重量比例为100:15至100:30。
10.如权利要求8的焊线瓷嘴，其中所述氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与所述锌离子的重量比例为100:1至100:2。
11.如权利要求8的焊线瓷嘴，其中所述氧化锆增韧的氧化铝与所述其他金属离子的重量比例为100:0.5至100:2。
12.如权利要求8的焊线瓷嘴，其中所述锌离子与所述其他金属离子的重量比例为1:0.06至1:0.9。
13.如权利要求8的焊线瓷嘴，其中所述陶瓷材料的硬度为1600Hv10至2200Hv10。
14.如权利要求8的焊线瓷嘴，其中所述陶瓷材料的抗折强度为600MPa至645MPa。
CN202111550636.XA 2020-12-28 2021-12-17 陶瓷材料与焊线瓷嘴 Pending CN114685147A (zh)

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