CN114681461A - 用于红斑狼疮治疗的化合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本申请要求2020年12月28日向中国国家知识产权局提交的,专利申请号为202011578111.2,发明名称为“用于红斑狼疮治疗的化合物”的在先申请的优先权。该申请的全文通过引用的方式结合于本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种药物的新用途,涉及化合物式I、其盐或组合物在制备预防或治疗红斑狼疮的药物中的用途,特别涉及在制备预防或治疗红斑狼疮的药物中的用途。
背景技术
红斑狼疮(LE)是一种典型的自身免疫性结缔组织病,多见于15~40岁女性。红斑狼疮可分为盘状红斑狼疮(DLE)、亚急性皮肤型红斑狼疮(SCLE)、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、深在性红斑狼疮(LEP)、新生儿红斑狼疮(NLE)、药物性红斑狼疮(DIL)等亚型。
系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)是一种具有高度异质性的自身免疫性疾病(autoimmune disease,AID),临床表现复杂多样,血清中出现以抗核抗体为代表的多种自身抗体和多系统受累是主要的临床特征。
通俗地讲,患有SLE的患者,其免疫系统会将体内正常的物质“误认”为病毒、细菌等“入侵者”并加以攻击,造成一系列器官和系统病变,严重时可造成患者死亡。和其他自身免疫疾病一样,免疫系统攻击自身细胞和组织,导致炎症和组织损害,可能影响的器官非常广泛,包括心脏、肺、肝、肾、关节、皮肤、血管以及神经系统等。其临床症状常常表现为易疲劳、失去食欲、轻微感冒、感光反应变得异常敏锐、面部皮疹、口鼻部溃疡、肌肉疼痛、关节炎、胸膜炎、心包膜炎以及肢端缺血等等。病人多表现为病情的加重与缓解交替,反复发作,通常无法预知发病时间。大量研究表明,SLE的发病与体液免疫和细胞免疫功能紊乱有关。
在SLE的治疗上,目前已知的治疗药物大多只能缓解患者的症状,况且这些药物并不是用于专门治疗SLE的药物,仅为非适应症(off-label)用药,多以激素和免疫抑制剂为主,病人常出现感染、骨质疏松、糖尿病和高血压等不良反应。
巴瑞替尼(Baricitinib)是一种JAK激酶抑制剂,于2017年上市,用于中度至重度活动性类风湿关节炎的治疗。目前礼来正在进行系统性红斑狼疮的III期临床。但巴瑞替尼在部分临床项目例如淋巴结肿胀和皮肤破溃中并未表现出优异的抑制作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供式I化合物在涉及式I化合物、其盐或组合物在制备预防或治疗红斑狼疮,特别是系统性红斑狼疮的药物中的用途。式I化合物可安全有效地治疗红斑狼疮,特别是系统性红斑狼疮所引起的淋巴结肿胀和皮肤破溃,为系统性红斑狼疮的预防或治疗提供了新的潜在治疗途径,增加红斑狼疮,特别是系统性红斑狼疮的治疗选择。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
本发明提供了一种化合物式I或其盐在制备治疗或预防红斑狼疮的药物中的用途:
其中,X选自CH或N;R选自乙基、乙烯基或环丙基。
作为一种实施方式,所述化合物为下式Ia的结构:
化合物Ia在用于红斑狼疮,特别是系统性红斑狼疮时,表现出较好的药效和安全性。化合物Ia在治疗MRL/MpJ-Faslpr模型的小鼠中,在相同剂量下,相比于巴瑞替尼阳性对照组表现出更好的淋巴结肿胀和皮肤破溃抑制效果,且呈现剂量依赖关系。
本发明所述的红斑狼疮可以为盘状红斑狼疮、皮肤型红斑狼疮、系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮性肾炎。优选盘状红斑狼疮、系统性红斑狼疮及狼疮性肾炎;更优选系统性红斑狼疮。
在一些实施方案中,所述的皮肤型红斑狼疮包括急性皮肤型红斑狼疮、亚急性皮肤型红斑狼疮、慢性红斑狼疮。
本发明还提供了一种用于治疗红斑狼疮的组合物,包含有效量的式I化合物或其盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
药物组合物除化合物式I及其盐外,还包括一种或多种可药用的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。载体、稀释剂或赋形剂必须与制剂中的其它组分是相容的,并且对其接受者是无害的。
在一些实施方式中,组合物中包含有效量的式Ia化合物或其盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明所提供的组合物可以制成胶囊、片剂、注射液或外用剂。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述外用剂包括软膏剂。
以上各种组合物,可以通过常规方法制备得到。
本发明的用途还可与其它的红斑狼疮,特别是系统性红斑狼疮的治疗联合使用。当采用组合治疗时,治疗剂可以一起给用或分开给用。组合治疗中的多于一种的治疗剂可采用相同或不同的给药方式。当治疗剂分开给用时,它们可以同时地或以任何顺序给用。化合物式I和/或其它的一种或多种药学活性剂和给用的相对时间可以为了实现所需的组合疗效而进行选择。
本发明所提供的化合物式I具有如下有益效果:
化合物Ia对于淋巴结肿胀和皮肤破溃的抑制作用强,明显优于阳性药物,且抑制效果随着剂量的增加而增加。此外,化合物Ia对于动物抗自身抗体含量具有显著的控制效果,并且呈现一定的剂量依赖相关性。化合物Ia在蛋白尿方面也有显著的控制,对红斑狼疮伴随的肾脏功能损伤起到改善作用。
附图说明
图1为实施例中小鼠的淋巴结和皮肤观察评分图;
图2为实施例中77天时小鼠的尿蛋白评分图;
其中,图1-2中G1-5对应表1,分别为:G1为阴性对照组;G2为溶媒组;G3为巴瑞替尼组;G4为化合物Ia组,其剂量与G3保持一致;G5为高剂量的化合物Ia组。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明的内容,下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明,但具体的实施方式并不意味着对本发明有任何限制。
化合物Ia为参照专利CN201710055590.1中制备方法制得,巴瑞替尼及其他试剂或材料市售购得。
MRL/MpJ-Faslpr是常用的SLE动物模型之一,其症状与人类红斑狼疮相似,包括显著的血清自身抗体、免疫复合物肾小球肾炎、血管炎以及皮肤损害等。C57BL/6小鼠是MRL/MpJ-Faslpr小鼠的背景小鼠。
实施例1
1、试剂与动物信息
试剂:化合物Ia,巴瑞替尼;
溶媒:0.5%甲基纤维素(MC),二甲亚砜(DMSO),Solutol HS 15(增溶剂),注射生理盐水;
动物:MRL/MpJ-Faslpr小鼠,C57BL/6小鼠,雌性,给药时7-8周龄。
2、样品溶液配制
化合物Ia溶液:称取化合物Ia,加入到0.5%MC溶液中,开启磁力搅拌器搅拌30-60min,再超声15min,呈白色均一混悬液。随后用0.5%MC进行梯度稀释,涡旋混匀,呈白色均一混悬液,得到低浓度Ia溶液。
巴瑞替尼溶液:称取巴瑞替尼原料药,加入到0.5%MC溶液中,开启磁力搅拌器搅拌30-60min,再超声15min,呈白色均一混悬液。给药之前上下轻轻颠倒混匀。
3、实验过程
根据小鼠尿蛋白含量值及初始体重,使用BioBook随机分配功能将小鼠随机分配到G2-6的实验组中,使每组小鼠体重和尿蛋白水平相近,减少组间偏差。3只C57BL/6背景小鼠作为阴性对照直接列入G1组。
具体的分组及给药方案如表1所示。
表1
各组的给药方法为口服给药,每天两次,共持续12周。其中,G3和G4组在前38天给药的药物剂量为10mg/Kg,从38天起调整为22.5mg/Kg。
实验中记录以下数值:
(a)每周观察、记录和评估小鼠的淋巴结肿胀状态和皮肤溃烂状态,发现肿胀或溃疡时记录下评分,并在试验终点拍照。评分标准如表2所示。
表2
(b)给药前收集尿液作为基线值,每周收集一次尿液。使用尿液分析仪检测尿液中的蛋白质浓度。尿蛋白评分标准如表3所示。
表3
(c)给药前、给药后4周、8周、12周,通过3-5%的异氟烷将小鼠麻醉,再从眼眶静脉丛取约0.15-0.5mL全血,分离血清用于ELISA商品化试剂盒检测抗双链DNA IgG抗体的含量。
4.实验结果
本实施例中使用自发系统性红斑狼疮的MRL/MpJ-Faslpr转基因小鼠和作为阴性对照的C57BL/6小鼠作为模型小鼠,评价受试物在自发系统性红斑狼疮模型中的药效。在整个观察期内,MRL/MpJ-Faslpr小鼠模型表现出与临床红斑狼疮相似的常规症状:例如淋巴结肿胀、皮肤破溃加重、和持续抗自身抗体含量增加。
实验过程中通过每周的尿蛋白测定、淋巴结和皮肤破溃观察等日常观察指标来评估疾病的进展,同时,使用ELISA方法检测了与疾病发病机制有关的抗双链DNA IgG抗体的含量,来评测疾病进展和药物药效,并按照上述的评分标准进行评分与记录,其中部分数据对比如图1-2所示。
在小鼠体内的抗双链DNAIgG抗体的含量测试中。经过连续12周口服给予化合物Ia,MRL/MpJ-Faslpr小鼠抗自身抗体含量均得到显著控制,与阳性对照巴瑞替尼相当,并且化合物Ia高剂量组对抗自身抗体生成的抑制作用优于低剂量组,呈现一定的剂量依赖相关性。
图1与图2中的G1为阴性对照组;G2为溶媒组;G3为巴瑞替尼,作为阳性对比组;G4为化合物Ia组,其剂量与G3保持一致;G5为高剂量的化合物Ia。
图1所示为各组的淋巴结和皮肤观察评分图。如图1所示,化合物Ia对淋巴结肿胀和皮肤破溃的抑制作用优于阳性药巴瑞替尼,且随着化合物Ia剂量的增加而增强。
图2所示为77天时各组小鼠的尿蛋白评分图。从图2所示,化合物Ia在蛋白尿方面也有显著的控制,和阳性药巴瑞替尼相当,这表明化合物Ia对红斑狼疮伴随的肾脏功能损伤的保护作用与巴瑞替尼相当。
此次实验中,未观察到小鼠与疾病进展无关的其它异常行为表现,各组小鼠体重也随着时间缓慢增长,提示了长期用药的安全性。
综上所述,本次实验结果表明受试物具有治疗系统性红斑狼疮的潜力。
实施例2
片剂制备
①混合
1.预处理阶段:按表1的处方组成将原辅料分别过40目筛,称取处方量备用。
2.一混:将Ia、乳糖和50%二氧化硅用料斗混合机混合10分钟,转速20rpm。
3.二混:在预混料中加入预胶化淀粉,交联PVP,和剩余的二氧化硅,混合10min,转速20rpm。
4.总混:将润滑剂硬脂酸镁加入到料斗混合机中的物料中,开机混合5min,转速20rpm。
②压片:
采用直径为8mm的浅弧圆形冲头进行压片,硬度范围为4-9kg。
③包衣:
配制10%的欧巴代包衣液,进行包衣,最终包衣增重范围在3±0.5%。
表1
Claims (10)
3.如权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的红斑狼疮为盘状红斑狼疮、皮肤型红斑狼疮、系统性红斑狼疮、狼疮性肾炎。
4.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的红斑狼疮为盘状红斑狼疮、系统性红斑狼疮及狼疮性肾炎。
5.如权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的红斑狼疮为系统性红斑狼疮炎。
6.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于:所述的皮肤型红斑狼疮包括急性皮肤型红斑狼疮、亚急性皮肤型红斑狼疮、慢性红斑狼疮。
7.一种用于治疗红斑狼疮的组合物,其特征在于:包含有效量的式I化合物或其盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
8.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其特征在于:包含有效量的式Ia化合物或其盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
9.如权利要求6或7所述的组合物,其特征在于:所述组合物可以制成胶囊、片剂、注射液或外用剂。
10.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于:所述外用剂为软膏剂。
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