CN114674027A - Solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage and supply system and method - Google Patents
Solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage and supply system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114674027A CN114674027A CN202210340797.4A CN202210340797A CN114674027A CN 114674027 A CN114674027 A CN 114674027A CN 202210340797 A CN202210340797 A CN 202210340797A CN 114674027 A CN114674027 A CN 114674027A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- solar
- temperature
- heat storage
- water tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1045—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump and solar energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat storage and heat supply, and particularly discloses an air source and solar energy auxiliary type heat storage and heat supply system, which comprises: the solar heat collector, the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit, the heat storage water tank and the user side are communicated through pipelines; the solar heat collector is used for absorbing solar energy to heat the circulating medium; the solar/air double-source heat pump unit is used for exchanging heat in low-temperature air into a circulating medium in the heat storage water tank with the assistance of the connected heated circulating medium or only exchanging heat in the low-temperature air into the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank; the user side is used for heating the user by utilizing the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank; also comprises a cycle selection mechanism; the invention also discloses a corresponding heating method, and solves the technical problem that a single solar heating system cannot provide a stable and reliable heat source for the indoor space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat storage and heat supply, and particularly relates to an air source and solar energy auxiliary type heat storage and heat supply system and method.
Background
The traditional distributed heating system takes fossil fuel as a main energy supply mode and has the problems of poor economical efficiency, environmental pollution and the like. On the other hand, heating methods such as a heat pump and an air conditioner have the problems of high operation cost, increased pressure in a power grid peak period and the like.
Solar energy is taken as renewable energy, has the remarkable advantages of environmental protection, energy conservation and economy, has become the energy with the most development potential at present, and the plateau area has abundant solar energy resources which can be utilized. However, due to the instability of solar energy, the number of days for which the room temperature is not satisfied increases due to the solar heating only. In addition, the solar heating system cannot supply heat to the indoor at night, and meanwhile, the solar heating system is influenced by weather, such as cloudy days, so that a single solar heating system cannot provide a stable and reliable heat source for the indoor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage heating system, which utilizes solar energy to the maximum extent, is assisted by an air source heat pump as a second heat source, and adopts a reinforced heat exchange type convection-radiation combined phase change heat storage floor at the end of a user to realize night heat supply so as to solve the technical problem that a single solar heating system cannot provide a stable and reliable heat source for the indoor space.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a solar energy and low temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage heating system includes:
the solar heat collector, the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit, the heat storage water tank and the user side are communicated through pipelines;
the solar heat collector is used for absorbing solar energy to heat the circulating medium;
the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit is used for exchanging heat in low-temperature air into a circulating medium in the heat storage water tank with the aid of an accessed heated circulating medium, or only exchanging heat in the low-temperature air into the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank;
the user side is used for heating a user by utilizing the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank;
the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit also comprises a circulation selection mechanism, which is used for selecting the circulation of a circulation medium and opening and closing the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit according to the following strategies:
when the temperature of the circulating medium is higher than a first temperature threshold value, the circulating medium only circulates between the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank through a pipeline, and the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit does not work;
when the temperature of the circulating medium is lower than a first temperature threshold value but higher than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium circulates between the solar heat collector and the heat storage water tank and between the solar heat collector and the heat storage water tank in parallel through pipelines, and the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works;
and when the temperature of the circulating medium is lower than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium stops circulating, and only the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works.
Furthermore, the circulation selection mechanism comprises a first temperature sensor and a first electric three-way valve which are arranged on a pipeline at the water outlet end of the solar heat collector in sequence according to the water flow; the first electric three-way valve divides the pipeline into two paths, one path is communicated to the heat storage water tank, and the other path is communicated to the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit;
the solar heat collector also comprises a first circulating water pump 9 arranged on a pipeline between the first electric three-way valve and the heat storage water tank, and a second electric three-way valve arranged on a pipeline returning from the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit to the solar heat collector; the second electric three-way valve is simultaneously positioned on a pipeline returning from the heat storage water tank to the solar heat collector;
and the controller is used for opening and closing and switching a circulation path of a circulation medium and opening and closing the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit by opening and closing the corresponding circulating water pump and gating the corresponding electric three-way valve according to the temperature sensed by the first temperature sensor and according to the strategy.
Further, the first temperature threshold value is 28-31 ℃, and the second temperature threshold value is 25-28 ℃.
Furthermore, the user side comprises a phase-change material heat storage floor heating terminal device, and the phase-change material heat storage floor heating terminal device is used for storing heat from a circulating medium in the heat storage water tank by utilizing the heat storage property of the phase-change material and supplying heat to users through radiation and convection heat exchange.
Furthermore, the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal device is 27.99-30.99 ℃.
Furthermore, the phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal device is floor-shaped and sequentially comprises a ground layer, a bearing structure layer, an air layer, a moisture-proof layer, a phase change material layer and a heat insulation layer from top to bottom;
heat exchange holes are formed in the ground layer and the bearing structure layer;
a floor coil pipe is laid in the variable material layer, and a deformation joint is arranged in the phase change material between two adjacent floor coil pipes;
the ground coil pipe is connected with the heat storage water tank.
Furthermore, the phase change material of the phase change material layer is a microcapsule phase change material taking n-octadecane as a core material and titanium dioxide-polyurea as a wall material, the phase change temperature is 29.66 ℃, and the latent heat of phase change is 181.1J/g.
Furthermore, an evaporator in the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit is a dual-source evaporator and comprises an outer shell and an inner pipe positioned in the outer shell;
the inner pipe can be used for circulating media to pass through, the outer shell can be in contact with low-temperature air, and a refrigerant can pass between the outer shell and the inner pipe; and the refrigerant can exchange heat with the circulating medium and the low-temperature air through the outer shell and the inner pipe.
The invention also provides an auxiliary phase-change heat storage and supply method of the solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump, which comprises the following steps,
absorbing solar energy with a solar collector to heat the circulating medium;
the solar energy/air dual-source heat pump unit is utilized to exchange heat in low-temperature air into a circulating medium in a heat storage water tank with the assistance of an accessed heated circulating medium, or only the heat in the low-temperature air is exchanged into the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank;
when the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar thermal collector is higher than a first temperature threshold value, the circulating medium only circulates between the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank through a pipeline, and the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit does not work;
when the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar thermal collector is lower than a first temperature threshold value but higher than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium circulates among the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank, the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank in parallel through pipelines, and the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works;
when the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar thermal collector is lower than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium stops circulating, and only the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works;
through the user side, the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank is utilized to supply heat for the user, and the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank is stored by utilizing the heat storage property of the phase-change material arranged on one side of the floor of the user side, and the heat is supplied to the user through radiation and convection heat exchange.
Further, dividing the whole day into an unfavorable time period, a suitable time period and a favorable time period;
adverse periods are periods of the day where the dry bulb temperature is lowest;
the favorable period is the period of time during the day when the dry bulb temperature is highest;
the other time period is a suitable time period;
collecting heat by using a solar heat collector and/or a solar/air dual-source heat pump unit in a favorable time period, and storing heat by using a heat storage water tank and a phase change heat storage floor;
and in unfavorable time periods, heat is supplied to the user by utilizing the heat storage of the heat storage water tank and the phase change heat storage floor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the current solar radiation intensity is judged by utilizing the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar heat collector, the working modes are switched, and when the solar radiation intensity is enough to meet the indoor heating requirement (the temperature of the output circulating medium is greater than a first threshold), the solar heat collector is used for heating independently; when the intensity of the solar light can heat the temperature of the circulating medium to a certain temperature but is not enough to meet the indoor heating requirement (when the temperature of the output circulating medium is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold), and the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit is coupled with the two for heating; when the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit only works as a low-temperature air source heat pump system and independently heats, the system always uses the heat conversion mode with the highest use efficiency, and on the premise of ensuring the heating experience of users, renewable energy sources are used to the maximum extent, and the consumption of self energy sources is reduced.
In the present invention, the use of phase change materials greatly increases the thermal inertia of the room. The heat is stored for 6-7 hours every day, the temperature of a room can meet the design requirement after 24 hours, the heat inertia effect is obvious, and the heat supply requirement on the next day can be reduced.
The invention can store the solar heat or the air heat in favorable time periods (such as daytime) for heating in unfavorable time periods (such as nighttime), improve the utilization rate of renewable energy sources and save the energy sources to the maximum extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase change heat storage and supply system assisted by a solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a solar collector in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the solar collector in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the solar ray tracker device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a left side view and a partial enlarged view thereof, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a right side view.
Fig. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a convection-radiation combined phase-change heat storage floor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic working flow diagram of a phase change heat storage and supply system assisted by a solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1-a solar heat collector, 2-a first temperature sensor, 3-a first electric three-way valve, 4-a fan, 5-a dual-source evaporator, 6-a first valve, 7-a gas-liquid separator, 8-a compressor, 9-a first circulating water pump, 10-a first check valve, 11-a second valve, 12-an air-source heat pump heat exchanger, 13-a reservoir, 14-a filter, 15-a thermal expansion valve, 16-a second circulating water pump, 17-a second temperature sensor, 18-a thermal storage water tank, 19-a third valve, 20-a second check valve, 21-a first electric valve, 22-a second electric three-way valve, 23-a fourth temperature sensor, 24-a fourth valve, 25-a third check valve, 26-a first pressure sensor, 27-a phase-change material thermal storage floor, 28-a fan coil convection heat exchange end, 29-a spiral pipe heater, 30-a second pressure sensor, 31-a third circulating water pump, 32-third pressure sensor, 33-fourth check valve, 34-fifth temperature sensor, 35-second electric valve. 36-corner heat insulating material; 37-heat transfer holes; 38-deformation joint; 39-a load bearing structure; 40-ground layer; 41-air layer; 42-moisture barrier; 43-a phase change material layer; 44-an insulating layer; 45-ground coil pipe; 46-ray tracing means; 47-horizontal direction rotation shaft; 48-solar heat collecting plate; 49-balance bar; 50-horizontal motor; 51-a pitch motor; 52-horizontal drive gear; 53-pitch drive gear; 54-semi-circular adjustment gear; 55-an optical filter; 56-a photoresistor; 60-rocker arm; 61-a fixed arm; 62-pitch rotating shaft; 63-semicircular base
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump assisted phase-change heat storage and supply system in the present embodiment includes a solar heat collector 1, a solar/air dual-source heat pump unit, a heat storage water tank 18, a phase-change material heat storage floor heating end device 27 and a fan coil convection heat exchange end device 28;
the solar/air source heat pump unit comprises a dual-source evaporator 5, an air source heat pump heat exchanger 12 and a spiral pipe heater 29
In addition, the system also comprises a connecting pipeline, a plurality of groups of circulating water pumps and a plurality of groups of valves;
the solar energy collector 1 is used for collecting solar energy to heat water, and a first temperature sensor 2 and a first electric three-way valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline at the water outlet end of the solar energy collector according to the sequence of water flow; a pipeline of the first electric three-way valve is divided into two paths, one path is communicated to the heat storage water tank 18, and a first circulating water pump 9, a first check valve 10 and a second valve 11 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline according to the sequence of water flow; the other pipeline is connected to a dual-source evaporator 5, so that hot water heated by the solar heat collector 1 can enter an inner pipe of the dual-source evaporator 5, a fan 4 is arranged outside the outer surface of the dual-source evaporator 5, the dual-source evaporator 5 can be communicated with three media for heat exchange, namely, a refrigerant is simultaneously subjected to heat exchange with solar hot water flowing through the inner pipe and air flowing through the outer surface, and then the refrigerant flowing out of the dual-source evaporator 5 flows into an air source heat pump heat exchanger 12 through a pipeline, and a gas-liquid separator 7 and a compressor 8 are sequentially arranged on the partial pipeline according to the flowing direction of the refrigerant; the refrigerant after heat exchange in the air source heat pump heat exchanger 12 returns to the dual source evaporator 5 through a pipeline, and an accumulator 13, a filter 14 and a thermostatic expansion valve 15 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline according to the flowing direction of the refrigerant.
When the inner pipe of the double-source evaporator 5 is not filled with hot water from the solar heat collector 1, the solar/air double-source heat pump unit operates like a common air source heat pump system; when hot water from the solar heat collector 1 is introduced, the hot water can promote the operation of the air source heat pump system, the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency is achieved by improving the conversion temperature, the working principle of the heat pump system is well known to workers in the field, and the details are not described herein.
The air source heat pump heat exchanger 12 is used for the first conversion of heat; following the heating of the water in the hot-water storage tank 18 by the coil heater 29, the heat can be finally transferred to the water in the hot-water storage tank 18.
The fan coil convection heat exchange end device 28 and the phase change material heat storage floor heating end device 27 are the user end in the system, and the fan coil convection heat exchange end device 28 is used for directly supplying heat to the user in the daytime; the phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal device 27 is used for absorbing heat in the daytime, supplying heat to users through radiation and convection heat exchange at night, and meanwhile maintaining the room temperature and reducing the heat supply requirement on the next day; as shown in fig. 1, the fan coil heat convection terminal 28 and the phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal 27 are connected in parallel, and the circulating medium (which may be water, air or other fluid circulating medium) in the corresponding pipelines is heated in the heater located in the heat storage water tank 18, and then divided into two paths to flow into the fan coil heat convection terminal 28 and the phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal 27, and then converged into one path to return to the heater located in the heat storage water tank 18 after the heat supply is completed, and a first pressure sensor 30, a first circulating water pump 31, a second pressure sensor 32, a check valve 33 and a second electric valve 35 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the converged position and the heat storage water tank 18 according to the flowing direction.
A second check valve 20, a first electric valve 21 and a second electric three-way valve 22 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline returning to the solar heat collector 1 from the heat storage water tank 18, and a first valve 6 is arranged on a water return pipeline between the dual-source evaporator 5 and the second electric three-way valve 22.
In addition, a water replenishing pipeline is communicated with the heat storage water tank 18, and a fourth temperature sensor 23, a fourth valve 24, a third check valve 25 and a first pressure sensor 26 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline along the direction away from the pipeline.
In the system, the dual-source evaporator 5 is respectively connected with the solar heat collector 1, the air source heat pump heat exchanger 12, the heat storage water tank 18, the phase-change material heat storage floor heating end device 27 and the fan coil convection heat exchange end device 28 in parallel or in series through a valve, a circulating water pump and a connecting pipeline to form a loop capable of simultaneously supplying heat and storing heat.
The system is provided with a plurality of groups of temperature sensors and a controller (for example, a controller 1 and a controller 2 in the figure) for controlling the opening and closing of the valves, wherein the controller is connected with an electric actuator, and the electric actuator is respectively connected with the plurality of groups of valves.
The solar collector in this case employs a tracking-type self-regulating solar collector, an embodiment of which is shown in fig. 2 and 3. The tracking type self-regulating solar collector in the figure mainly comprises a solar heat collecting plate 48 and a ray tracking mechanism;
the optical tracking mechanism further includes an optical tracking device 46 and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism includes a swing arm 60, a fixed arm 61, a horizontal rotation shaft 47, a balance bar 49, a horizontal motor 50, a horizontal transmission gear set 52, a pitch motor 51, a pitch rotation shaft 62, a pitch transmission gear set 53 and a semicircular adjusting gear 54.
As shown in fig. 2, the horizontal rotation shaft 47 is located below the solar heat collecting plate 48, the solar heat collecting plate 48 extends downward to form a connecting portion, the horizontal rotation shaft 47 passes through the connecting portion, and the horizontal rotation shaft 47, the connecting portion and the lower swing arm 60 form a pivotal connection relationship. The balance rod 49 is used for stabilizing the solar heat collecting plate and transmitting power to adjust the horizontal angle of the solar heat collecting plate 48, and is composed of a horizontal rod and two vertical rods, one end of each of the two vertical rods is hinged to the end of the horizontal rod, and the two ends of each of the horizontal rods are respectively hinged to one vertical rod; the ends of the two vertical rods far away from the horizontal rod are respectively hinged with a connecting rod fixed on the solar heat collecting plate 48 above the vertical rods. The rocker arm 60 is a hollow structure, the horizontal motor 50 and the horizontal transmission gear set 52 are located in the rocker arm 60, the horizontal transmission gear set 52 comprises a first horizontal transmission gear, a second horizontal transmission gear, a third horizontal transmission gear and a horizontal gear shaft, the first horizontal transmission gear, the second horizontal transmission gear and the third horizontal transmission gear are all vertically arranged, two ends of the horizontal gear shaft are respectively fixed in gear holes of the first horizontal transmission gear and the second horizontal transmission gear, the third horizontal transmission gear is meshed with the second horizontal transmission gear, the third horizontal transmission gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the midpoint position of the horizontal rod through a mandrel, the first horizontal transmission gear is a helical gear, a driving gear is coaxially fixed on an output shaft of the horizontal motor 50, the driving gear is also a helical gear and is meshed with the first horizontal transmission gear, and then the torque output by the horizontal motor 50 is transmitted through the first horizontal transmission gear, The horizontal gear shaft, the second horizontal transmission gear and the third horizontal transmission gear are specially transferred to the horizontal rod of the balance rod 49, the horizontal rod rotates around the axial direction of the mandrel along with the third transmission gear, so that the solar heat collecting plate is driven to be horizontally adjusted, and therefore a space for the two ends of the horizontal rod to swing up and down is reserved on the rocker arm 60, and in the embodiment, the space is a crack formed in the rocker arm 60.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixed arm 61 is pivotally connected to the semicircular adjusting gear 54 via a pitch rotating shaft 62, and the swing arm 60 is fixedly connected to the semicircular adjusting gear 54, wherein the pivot direction of the pivotal connection is a pitch direction, and is orthogonal to the pivot direction formed by the horizontal rotating shaft 47, the connecting portion and the swing arm 60, i.e. a horizontal direction. The fixing arm 61 is also of a hollow structure, the pitching motor 51 and the pitching transmission gear set 53 are arranged in the fixing arm, and the pitching motor 51 transmits power to the semicircular adjusting gear 54 through the pitching transmission gear set so as to perform pitching adjustment on the rocker arm 60, thereby completing pitching adjustment of the solar heat collecting plate.
The ray tracing apparatus 46 is basically as shown in fig. 4, and includes nine ray tracing modules, each ray tracing module is configured as a cubic box with a length, width and height of 20mm, four inner surfaces of the side surface and the lower inner surface are painted black to reduce the reflection of light, the upper side is a filter 55 to reduce the brightness of light, and the lower side is a photo resistor 56 for ray tracing, so that the photo resistor has a more obvious resistance difference during operation. The ray tracing module is uniformly arranged along the outer contour of the two semicircular bases in a cross shape on a plane, in the embodiment, the photoresistor 56 at the central part (the central 0 point position) is positioned at the normal line of the solar heat collecting plate and is also the vertical intersection of the two semicircular bases, one of the two semicircular bases is circumferentially arranged along the rotation of the horizontal rotating shaft 47, so the photoresistor 56 on the semicircular base is arranged along the horizontal adjusting direction of the solar heat collecting plate, the other one of the two semicircular bases is circumferentially arranged along the rotation of the semicircular adjusting gear 54, and the photoresistor 56 on the semicircular base is arranged along the pitching adjusting direction of the solar heat collecting plate.
When sunlight irradiates the ray tracing device, the nine photoresistors 56 are irradiated by rays with different intensities, the resistance value is changed, the position with the strongest sunlight can be judged according to the photoresistor 56 corresponding to the minimum resistance value, and the normal line of the solar heat collecting plate 48 is adjusted to rotate towards the direction with the minimum resistance value through horizontal adjustment and pitching adjustment. And judging the nine photoresistors again after the adjustment is finished, and if the photoresistor at the central part is not the lowest resistance value, readjusting the normal of the solar heat collection plate to align to the new lowest resistance position.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a convection-radiation combined phase change heat storage floor, which is a phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal device used in the present embodiment, and includes a ground layer 40, a load bearing structure layer 39, an air layer 41, a moisture-proof layer 42, a phase change material layer 43, and an insulating layer 44 from top to bottom; the bearing structure layer 39 comprises a plurality of continuous bearing structures, the bearing structures are divided into horizontal parts and vertical parts, the upper surfaces of the horizontal parts are tightly attached to the lower part of the ground layer, the ground layer and the horizontal parts are correspondingly provided with aligned heat exchange holes 35, and the hole diameter is 50 nm; the vertical parts are arranged at intervals and extend downwards from the lower surface of the horizontal part to penetrate through the rest layers below until the vertical parts are supported on the building structure layer. The ground coil pipes 45 are laid in the variable material layers, deformation joints 38 are arranged between the phase-change materials wrapping the two adjacent ground coil pipes respectively, and spaces are reserved for the volume change of the phase-change materials. The ground coil 45 is connected with a heat storage water tank of an external solar or air source heat pump heat supply system, and can provide heat for the phase change material layer 43 when sunlight is sufficient, and the phase change material layer 43 stores heat in a phase change way; the valve is closed at night, the phase change material layer is phase-changed to release heat, the air layer and the heat exchange holes are used for strengthening heat exchange, and the temperature in a room is effectively improved. The bearing structure is made of high-heat-conductivity high-strength light titanium alloy materials. The ground layer 40 is a cement ground layer. The phase change material is a microcapsule phase change material of n-octadecane (core material) and titanium dioxide-polyurea (wall material), the phase change temperature is 29.66 ℃, and the phase change latent heat is 181.1J/g; and a deformation joint is arranged in the phase change material between two adjacent floor coils. The phase change temperature of the adopted microcapsule phase change material is 29.66 ℃, and the temperature of hot water supplied by a solar energy or air source heat pump is higher than the phase change temperature, so that the phase change heat storage can be realized. The heat exchange holes with the aperture of 50nm are formed in the ground layer, when the phase change material releases heat, the heat exchange holes at the lower temperature are air inlet holes, the heat exchange holes at the higher temperature are heat dissipation holes, the heat exchange holes circulate in the air layer, and convection heat dissipation is increased on the basis of radiation heat dissipation of the ground layer. The bearing structure made of the high-heat-conductivity high-strength light titanium alloy material has strong bearing capacity and good heat conduction capacity, the moisture-proof layer is used for avoiding moisture regain caused by water vapor, and the heat-insulating layer 44 is used for reducing the heat released by the phase-change material to the direction of the building structure layer; finally, if the convection-radiation combination phase change thermal storage floor in this embodiment is located at a corner, the corner insulation material 36 as shown in the figure can be used to reduce the heat release from the phase change material toward the wall.
The system in the embodiment can realize the solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary phase change heat storage heat supply method, the solar energy/air dual-source heat pump unit is used as a core component for coupling heat supply, hot water or circulating media which do not meet the heat supply requirement and are from the solar heat collector 1 can be transferred into the air source heat pump system, and the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency is achieved by improving the conversion temperature.
The system has two operating conditions, namely a heat storage condition and a heat supply condition; the system has three operation modes, namely a solar heat collection system heat supply and heat storage mode, an air source heat pump system heat supply and heat storage mode and a solar energy and air source heat pump coupling mode.
When the solar radiation intensity is high, the solar heat collecting system can sufficiently meet the heating requirement of a room, and then the system works in a heat supply and heat storage mode of only the solar heat collecting system; when the solar radiation intensity is low and the solar heat collection system is not enough to meet the heating requirement of a room, the air source heat pump also needs to work at the same time, so that the system works in a solar energy and air source heat pump coupling mode; if there is no sunshine in cloudy days, the air source heat pump needs to work independently, and the system works in a heat supply and heat storage mode of only the air source heat pump system. In the solar energy and air source heat pump coupling mode, the dual-source evaporator 5 can circulate three media to exchange heat, so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with solar hot water in the inner pipe and air on the outer surface at the same time, and the heat pump can exchange heat with air and a liquid heat source at the same time or independently, so that T-level utilization of energy can be realized.
In addition, the following strategy is adopted in the operation of the system in the embodiment:
strategy one: energy storage peak shifting and terminal cooperation.
Under the condition of the complementation of solar energy and air source heat pump, the unfavorable time period, the proper time period and the favorable time period of the operation of the system main machine are divided according to the requirements of users.
The unfavorable time period is the time period with the lowest dry bulb temperature in the day and is also the time period with the worst heating performance of the air source heat pump;
the favorable time is the time when the dry bulb temperature is highest in the day, and the time is also the time when the heating performance of the air source heat pump is the best;
the other time period is a suitable time period;
in a favorable time period, because the external energy which can be directly collected is sufficient and even exceeds the heating requirement of an indoor user, the system is actively started and works under the heat storage working condition to store heat in advance, and meanwhile, the heat supply can be started according to the setting of the user.
In a suitable time period, the directly acquired external energy may only just meet the heating requirement of the indoor user, even slightly insufficient, so that a passive starting strategy is adopted in the time period, heating is not actively carried out, and heating is started according to the setting of the user; when the user does not start heating (for example, during certain time periods in the day, no people are in the room, and direct heating does not need to be started), energy storage can be appropriately carried out, and particularly, the phase-change material can be preferentially utilized for energy storage.
In unfavorable time periods, the system is difficult to collect energy from the outside (the time period with the lowest ball temperature is often the time period with lower solar radiation intensity, such as night), and indoor users preferentially heat and utilize the energy storage of the system in the favorable time periods for heating.
And (2) strategy two: heat storage water tank volume matching
The lower temperature limit of the thermal storage water tank 18 is set to 30 deg.c depending on the phase change temperature (29.66 deg.c) of the phase change material used for the thermal storage floor.
The heat dissipation loss is considered, the power consumption is converted according to the COP of the host at the time of day average minus 9 ℃, the upper limit of the temperature of the heat storage water tank is set to be 45 ℃, and the heat storage water tank is better in climate suitability and more energy-saving.
Strategy three:
the system utilizes the energy stored by the heat storage water tank and the phase change heat storage floor to meet the heating requirement in a low-energy-efficiency time period through the operation of the host in a high-energy-efficiency time period, so that the contradiction between supply and demand is adjusted, and the system matching is optimized to realize the purposes of reliable operation, high efficiency and energy saving.
In the embodiment, the three strategies are combined, time-by-time monitoring is carried out on the flow and the temperature of the circulating medium in each pipeline of the heat source, the change of time-by-time outdoor meteorological parameters and the change of indoor environmental parameters, the time-by-time and accumulated system energy consumption and the time-by-time internal temperature distribution and change of the water tank, and meanwhile, automatic control is carried out on the switching of the heat source mode.
Then, as shown in fig. 6, a specific working flow of the system is firstly to perform operation period judgment, determine a current operation strategy according to a beat-to-break result, and then use a temperature sensor arranged in the heat storage water tank 18 to sense a water temperature to start up a working mode judgment, when the temperature of hot water in the heat storage water tank is less than 40 ℃, according to the temperature of the hot water collected by the controllers 1 and 2, judge whether the first circulating water pump 9 and the second circulating water pump 16 are turned on (the air source heat pump unit is turned on or off in a linked manner), specifically:
firstly, when the temperature of the outlet water of the solar heat collector is higher than or equal to 30 ℃, only a first circulating water pump 9 is started, and the system works in a heat supply and heat storage mode of only a solar heat collection system;
and secondly, when the outlet water temperature of the solar thermal collector is greater than or equal to 27 ℃ and less than 30 ℃, the solar thermal collector and the air source heat pump unit are operated in a combined mode, at the moment, the first circulating water pump 9 on the side of the solar thermal collector and the second circulating water pump 16 on the side of the air source heat pump unit are both in an open state, and the system works in a solar energy and air source heat pump coupling mode.
And thirdly, when the temperature of the water outlet of the solar heat collector is lower than 27 ℃, the first circulating water pump 9 on the side of the solar heat collector stops running, the second circulating water pump 16 on the side of the air source heat pump unit is in an open state, and the system works in a heat supply and heat storage mode of only the air source heat pump system.
As shown in the figure, in the case where the hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank is not less than 40 ℃, the system starts the heating mode according to the user-end customized heating temperature.
In addition, in order to ensure that the phase change material heat storage floor heating terminal device can store heat in advance in the daytime, when the outlet water temperature of the phase change material heat storage floor is lower than the phase change temperature (close to 30 ℃), the system starts a third circulating valve to store heat of the phase change material, similarly, as shown in fig. 6, the system also determines the working mode according to the outlet water temperature of the solar heat collector, and when the outlet water temperature of the solar heat collector is higher than the phase change temperature, the system can work in the heat supply and heat storage mode of the solar heat collection system only, because the phase change temperature is determined to be close to 30 ℃ in the embodiment, the determination standard for determining the working mode is substantially the same as that in the foregoing, in fig. 6, for easier expression, the condition that the controller 1 starts stepless regulation and control of the compressor is unified as "the collector temperature is lower than the phase change temperature".
As shown in fig. 6, the operation process of the light-tracking solar heat collecting plate in this embodiment is as follows, when sunlight irradiates on the light tracker device, the nine photo resistors 56 are irradiated by light with different intensities, the resistance value changes, the position of the strongest sunlight can be determined according to the photo resistor corresponding to the minimum resistance value, and the normal line of the solar heat collecting plate is adjusted by horizontal adjustment and pitching, so as to rotate towards the direction of the minimum resistance value.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, it is first determined whether the resistance of the photo resistor at the position of 0 point in the center of the light-tracking solar heat collecting panel is the minimum, if not, the adjustment in the horizontal direction is started first, and the photo resistor with the minimum resistance is rotated by a fixed value, in this embodiment, 15 ° in the horizontal direction, and then the resistances of the photo resistors arranged in the horizontal direction are compared again, and it is determined whether the resistance of the photo resistor at the position of 0 point is the minimum in the photo resistors arranged in the horizontal direction, and if not, the photo resistor is rotated again. And stopping until the lowest resistance position in all the photoresistors arranged in the horizontal direction is the photoresistor at the position of the central 0 point or after circulation adjustment is carried out for ten times. This is followed by an adjustment in the vertical direction, the process being the same as in the horizontal direction. It is also possible to adjust first in the vertical direction and then in the horizontal direction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solar energy and low temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage heating system includes:
the solar heat collector, the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit, the heat storage water tank and the user side are communicated through pipelines;
the solar heat collector is used for absorbing solar energy to heat the circulating medium;
the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit is used for exchanging heat in low-temperature air into a circulating medium in the heat storage water tank with the aid of an accessed heated circulating medium, or only exchanging heat in the low-temperature air into the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank;
the user side is used for heating a user by utilizing the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank;
the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit also comprises a circulation selection mechanism, which is used for selecting the circulation of a circulation medium and opening and closing the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit according to the following strategies:
when the temperature of the circulating medium is higher than a first temperature threshold value, the circulating medium only circulates between the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank through a pipeline, and the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit does not work;
when the temperature of the circulating medium is lower than a first temperature threshold value but higher than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium circulates between the solar heat collector and the heat storage water tank and between the solar heat collector and the heat storage water tank in parallel through pipelines, and the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works;
and when the temperature of the circulating medium is lower than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium stops circulating, and only the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the circulation selection mechanism comprises a first temperature sensor and a first electric three-way valve which are arranged on a pipeline at the water outlet end of the solar heat collector in sequence of water flow; the first electric three-way valve divides the pipeline into two paths, one path is communicated to the heat storage water tank, and the other path is communicated to the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit;
the solar heat collector also comprises a first circulating water pump 9 arranged on a pipeline between the first electric three-way valve and the heat storage water tank, and a second electric three-way valve arranged on a pipeline returning from the solar/air double-source heat pump unit to the solar heat collector; the second electric three-way valve is simultaneously positioned on a pipeline returning from the heat storage water tank to the solar heat collector;
and the controller is used for opening and closing and switching a circulation path of a circulation medium and opening and closing the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit by opening and closing the corresponding circulating water pump and gating the corresponding electric three-way valve according to the temperature sensed by the first temperature sensor and according to the strategy.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first temperature threshold is 28-31 ℃ and the second temperature threshold is 25-28 ℃.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the user terminal comprises a phase change material thermal storage floor heating terminal device for storing heat from the circulating medium in the thermal storage water tank by using the thermal storage property of the phase change material and supplying heat to the user by radiation and convection heat exchange.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the phase change material thermal storage floor heating terminal is 27.99 ℃ to 30.99 ℃.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the phase-change material heat storage floor heating terminal device is floor-shaped and comprises a ground layer, a bearing structure layer, an air layer, a moisture-proof layer, a phase-change material layer and an insulating layer from top to bottom;
heat exchange holes are formed in the ground layer and the bearing structure layer;
a ground coil pipe is laid in the variable material layer, and a deformation joint is arranged in the phase-change material between two adjacent ground coil pipes;
the ground coil pipe is connected with the heat storage water tank.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the phase change material of the phase change material layer is a microcapsule phase change material with n-octadecane as a core material and titanium dioxide-polyurea as a wall material, the phase change temperature is 29.66 ℃, and the latent heat of phase change is 181.1J/g.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the evaporator of the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit is a dual-source evaporator, and comprises an outer shell and an inner tube positioned in the outer shell;
the inner pipe can be used for circulating media to pass through, the outer shell can be in contact with low-temperature air, and a refrigerant can pass between the outer shell and the inner pipe; and the refrigerant can exchange heat with the circulating medium and the low-temperature air through the outer shell and the inner pipe.
9. A solar energy and low temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage and supply method is characterized in that the method comprises,
absorbing solar energy with a solar collector to heat the circulating medium;
the solar energy/air dual-source heat pump unit is utilized to exchange heat in low-temperature air into a circulating medium in a heat storage water tank with the assistance of an accessed heated circulating medium, or only the heat in the low-temperature air is exchanged into the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank;
when the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar thermal collector is higher than a first temperature threshold value, the circulating medium only circulates between the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank through a pipeline, and the solar/air dual-source heat pump unit does not work;
when the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar thermal collector is lower than a first temperature threshold value but higher than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium circulates among the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank, the solar thermal collector and the heat storage water tank in parallel through pipelines, and the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works;
when the temperature of the circulating medium output by the solar thermal collector is lower than a second temperature threshold value, the circulating medium stops circulating, and only the solar/air double-source heat pump unit works;
through the user side, the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank is utilized to supply heat for the user, and the heat of the circulating medium in the heat storage water tank is stored by utilizing the heat storage property of the phase-change material arranged on one side of the floor of the user side, and the heat is supplied to the user through radiation and convection heat exchange.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising dividing a whole day into an unfavorable period, a favorable period, and a favorable period;
adverse periods are periods of the day where the dry bulb temperature is lowest;
the favorable period is the period of time during the day when the dry bulb temperature is highest;
the other time period is a suitable time period;
collecting heat by using a solar heat collector and/or a solar/air dual-source heat pump unit in a favorable time period, and storing heat by using a heat storage water tank and a phase change heat storage floor;
and in unfavorable time periods, heat is supplied to the user by utilizing the heat storage of the heat storage water tank and the phase change heat storage floor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210340797.4A CN114674027B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase-change heat storage and supply system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210340797.4A CN114674027B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase-change heat storage and supply system and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114674027A true CN114674027A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
| CN114674027B CN114674027B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
Family
ID=82075627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210340797.4A Active CN114674027B (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase-change heat storage and supply system and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114674027B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117474360A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-30 | 胜利油田胜兴集团有限责任公司 | Intelligent heating environment assessment system suitable for trough type solar energy |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015087034A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | 大和ハウス工業株式会社 | Solar energy utilization system |
| CN204593566U (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-26 | 四川省建筑科学研究院 | Active solar energy and CO2 air heat source pump associating heating control system |
| CN105387509A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-03-09 | 山东力诺瑞特新能源有限公司 | Solar energy and air source heat pump combined family heating system |
| CN109751684A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-14 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of Household electric energy and the compound heat-supply metering charge of solar energy and method |
| CN110594838A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏蓄能谷实业有限公司 | Solar heat pump combined heating system and control method |
| KR20200015152A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-12 | (주)더카멕 | Heat exchanging system using thermoelectric module |
| CN111189232A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-22 | 大唐吉林发电有限公司热力分公司 | Solar energy and air source heat pump composite heating system in severe cold region |
-
2022
- 2022-04-02 CN CN202210340797.4A patent/CN114674027B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015087034A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | 大和ハウス工業株式会社 | Solar energy utilization system |
| CN204593566U (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-26 | 四川省建筑科学研究院 | Active solar energy and CO2 air heat source pump associating heating control system |
| CN105387509A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-03-09 | 山东力诺瑞特新能源有限公司 | Solar energy and air source heat pump combined family heating system |
| CN109751684A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-14 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of Household electric energy and the compound heat-supply metering charge of solar energy and method |
| CN110594838A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏蓄能谷实业有限公司 | Solar heat pump combined heating system and control method |
| KR20200015152A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-12 | (주)더카멕 | Heat exchanging system using thermoelectric module |
| CN111189232A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-22 | 大唐吉林发电有限公司热力分公司 | Solar energy and air source heat pump composite heating system in severe cold region |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘伊生: "《建筑节能技术与政策》", 30 June 2015 * |
| 强万明: "《超低能耗绿色建筑技术》", 30 April 2020 * |
| 扈恩华: "《建筑节能技术》", 北京理工大学出版社 * |
| 辽宁省建设科学研究院: "《建筑技术与材料 下》", 30 September 2008 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117474360A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-30 | 胜利油田胜兴集团有限责任公司 | Intelligent heating environment assessment system suitable for trough type solar energy |
| CN117474360B (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-04-09 | 胜利油田胜兴集团有限责任公司 | Intelligent heating environment assessment system suitable for trough type solar energy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114674027B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102679624B (en) | Solar energy and heat source tower heat pump combined triple supply air-conditioning system | |
| CN101832682B (en) | Energy-storing solar absorption refrigeration system | |
| CN107062473A (en) | A kind of solar air source heat pumps combined supply system | |
| CN2482032Y (en) | Solar floor radiation heating, refrigerating and hot-water supply device | |
| CN100545521C (en) | Solar energy and building integrated compound energy system | |
| CN105402940B (en) | A kind of modularization integrates control piper solar energy earth-source hot-pump system | |
| CN101832590A (en) | Solar heating system and method thereof for heating and supplying hot water | |
| CN107355841A (en) | A kind of electrically driven (operated) air source heat pump multi-mode heating system of low ebb | |
| CN110296452A (en) | A kind of multi-level phase change heat storage type solar heating, hot-water supply system | |
| CN102494441A (en) | Heating air-conditioning system for solar adsorption heat pump | |
| CN111649416B (en) | Cold and hot preliminary treatment phase change energy storage new trend system | |
| CN114674027A (en) | Solar energy and low-temperature air source heat pump auxiliary type phase change heat storage and supply system and method | |
| CN110762658A (en) | Solar energy combined cooling and heating dual-connection dual-supply system and control method thereof | |
| CN204084693U (en) | The air-conditioning system that solar energy heating combines with phase-transition heat-storage | |
| CN110762892A (en) | Solar energy combined cooling and heating dual-connection dual-supply system | |
| CN104165426A (en) | Air conditioning system combining direct evaporative cooling with solar heat collection and phase change heat storage | |
| CN201954786U (en) | Phase-change heat-storage type solar heating system | |
| CN204753887U (en) | Coupling renewable energy's energy storage walling system that adjusts temperature | |
| CN206929902U (en) | A kind of solar air source heat pumps combined supply system | |
| CN110645626A (en) | Air source heat pump heating system and method based on solar hot air phase-change energy storage | |
| CN207555710U (en) | A kind of air source heat pump and thermal storage electric boiler joint central heating system | |
| CN216693691U (en) | Solar heat pipe wall body radiation heating device | |
| CN103162465A (en) | Solar energy supply system | |
| CN111456221B (en) | Green energy-saving building and construction method thereof | |
| CN211011985U (en) | Solar energy combined cooling and heating dual-connection dual-supply system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |