CN102494441A - Heating air-conditioning system for solar adsorption heat pump - Google Patents
Heating air-conditioning system for solar adsorption heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494441A CN102494441A CN2011104339143A CN201110433914A CN102494441A CN 102494441 A CN102494441 A CN 102494441A CN 2011104339143 A CN2011104339143 A CN 2011104339143A CN 201110433914 A CN201110433914 A CN 201110433914A CN 102494441 A CN102494441 A CN 102494441A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar power-driven adsorption heat pump for the heating and air conditioning of buildings. In summer, hot water of over 80 DEG C, which is generated by a heat collector 1 is used as a driving heat source of a generator 2 of the adsorption heat pump R, and low-temperature water of between 5 and 8 DEG C is generated by an evaporator 5 to be used as a cold source of an air conditioner; in winter, water stored in an energy storage water tank 38 can be heated directly for heating by using the hot water of over 40 DEG C, which is generated by the heat collector 1; in severe winter, when the heat collector 1 cannot generate the hot water of over 40 DEG C, a heat collector in the generator 2 of the adsorption heat pump R is started to be used as driving energy for the adsorption heat pump R, and the low-temperature hot water of over 10 DEG C, which is generated by the heat collector is used as a low-temperature hot source of the adsorption heat pump R to generate medium-temperature hot water for the heating. The system is provided with two electric auxiliary heat collecting devices, namely an electric heater 42 and a heating electric heater 28 of the adsorption heat pump R.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar energy utilization, particularly a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning system.
Background technology
Solar energy is the regenerative resource that cleans most, faces the energy in the current whole world and is about to exhaustion, causes the attention of various countries under the severe situation that environment goes from bad to worse.Absorption heat pump is mature on the whole having passed through long time aspect the theory research, and great majority are the field of air conditioning that are applied in building.Utilizing Driven by Solar Energy absorption heat pump refrigeration, for building provides cold source of air conditioning, is a power-saving technology that is in development.But; The biggest obstacle that this technology runs in applying is exactly that initial investment is big; Main cause is exactly that the solar thermal collector investment is big, and air-conditioning system was only used 3-4 month among 1 year, and the heat collector most of the time is idle; Reduced the economy of this cover system, given to apply and brought difficulty.
The solar heating technology is a power-saving technology of recent two decades Application and Development, and is on probation in a lot of areas, is in progressively and promotes the stage.But in the process of promoting the use of, also run into the problem of utilizing of heat collector.Because winter, solar radiation intensity was low, irradiation time is short, and in order to guarantee the heating effect, the area of heat collector is bigger.After winter, intensity of solar radiation strengthens, and irradiation time prolongs, and with but having stopped, the heat energy that heat collector absorbs is not used, and can cause also that heat-conducting medium seethes with excitement in the heat collector, and collector system is caused damage.
The solar energy that how heat collector is absorbed is fully used, and which kind of form heating and air-conditioning adopt also do not have ripe scheme respectively.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of solar absorption heat pump that is used for winter heating and summer air-conditioning; The heat collector of this system all was fully used among 1 year; Solved a heat collector idle difficult problem out of season, the cost performance of raising system investment.
For overcoming the above problems, native system is made up of four parts.That is: heat collector part, absorption heat pump, heating air conditioning part, control section automatically.
Native system heat collector part mainly is the solar energy that absorbs solar radiation, is used for driving absorption heat pump or as the air of heating thermal source heat rooms.Because winter and summer the intensity of solar radiation difference very big; Compare according to the energy of same building heating in winter needs and the energy of summer air-conditioning needs; Should be design considerations to satisfy heating in winter energy needed; After having satisfied the winter heating energy needed, can satisfy the air-conditioning energy needed summer.Heat collector can adopt dissimilar heat collectors, electron tubes type, heat pipe-type, flat all passable.For preventing that heat collector and pipeline freeze in the winter time, the heat collector loop antifreeze heat-conducting medium of can annotating, native system has all been established heat(ing) coil in thermal energy storage water tank and water supply tank for this reason.
The absorption heat pump of native system adopts first kind mono-potency lithium bromide heat pump, and the hot water that utilizes solar thermal collector to produce 80-95 ℃ drives, and is that air-conditioning provides low-temperature receiver in summer.5-8 ℃ of cold water by the absorption heat pump refrigeration is stored in the water tank with high-efficiency insulated performance, is used as low-temperature receiver as air-conditioning system and is utilized.Absorption heat pump also can produce a certain amount of cooling hot water simultaneously, and this part hot water can be used as thermal source through the heat exchanger heats domestic water in the water supply tank.If domestic water is heated to after the higher temperature; The water temperature of coming out in the water supply tank heat exchanger is higher than 35 ℃ of the maximums of the cooling water of absorption heat pump needs; System will open the valve of cooling tower import department automatically; This part cooling water will be through getting back to absorption heat pump after the cooling tower cooling, as absorption heat pump cool cycles water.Absorption heat pump is only used a spot of electric energy under the driving of solar energy, to building low-temperature receiver is provided, and is the air-conditioning system of building, has practiced thrift conventional energy resource greatly.
The emittance of the sun is lower in the winter time, if utilize solar energy to produce the hot water more than 85 ℃ again, will be very high to the requirement of heat collector, and area will increase, and investment is risen, and is very uneconomical.But as the hot water that will produce more than 40 ℃ is then not difficult, therefore, utilizes heat collector to absorb warm water in the solar energy production in the winter time, directly as the heating thermal source, with the efficient that improves native system.In the coldest season, the emittance of the sun is very low, requires the heat collector leaving water temperature high more, and its efficient will be low more, can take to reduce the heat collector leaving water temperature, improves the efficient of heat collector.In the case, electricity consumption drives absorption heat pump as drive energy, absorbs the low grade heat energy from the low-temperature water heating that heat collector comes, and the hot water of output more than 40 ℃ heats the air in the building to the floor panel heating terminal.This moment, absorption heat energy adopted high temperature heat source () to drive, and its thermodynamic coefficient can reach 1.6-1.7.
In the winter time or summer haze do not have sunlight weather, can start supplementary energy, heat or freeze.Native system has designed special electric heating device, and the weather that is used for not having winter sunlight carries out heating.Can start the electric heater that is arranged in the absorption heat pump summer, guarantee the operate as normal of absorption heat pump, realize the air conditioning function of system.
Native system is provided with the heating energy-accumulating water tank that energy storage needs with refrigeration.In the winter time, the solar energy that solar thermal collector will absorb by day is stored in the water tank, outside supplying heating on daytime, also can supply heating at night.Summer, this water tank stored the low-temperature cold water by heat pump refrigerating, and the cold source of air conditioning water is provided.Because the low-temperature cold water and the external world have a narrow range of temperature, it is littler than the hot water energy loss that stores more than 80 ℃ therefore to store cold water.Native system also is provided with water supply tank simultaneously, and the domestic hot-water is provided throughout the year.
Native system heating and air-conditioning part are made up of energy-accumulating water tank, circulating pump, air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe, water knockout drum, water collector, floor heating coil pipe, valve, pipeline.In the circulation line that leads to air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator and floor heating coil pipe, triple valve is arranged, the handle of swivel tee valve can be to be communicated with air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator according to needs decision in season, still is communicated with water knockout drum, water collector and floor heating coil pipe that heating is used.
Native system is controlled fully automatic operation by microcomputer controller.Microcomputer controller is gathered temperature, the indoor temperature of heat collector liquid outlet temperature, energy-accumulating water tank temperature, water supply tank thermal-arrest coil pipe liquid outlet; According to the temperature of these several points that collect and the summer or the winter operation pattern of artificial input; Determine the action of each circulating pump, three-way valve, the control automated system operation.
Absorption heat pump mainly is made up of generator, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber, heat exchanger, working medium circulating pump, solution circulation pump and choke valve.Hot water heat(ing) coil and auxiliary electrical heat(ing) coil are arranged in generator.Coil pipe series connection in condenser and the absorber is used for the cooled interior temperature, and simultaneously with the liquid heat in the coil pipe, output hot water is used for water in the heating water tank.Be the endothermic reaction in the evaporimeter, the temperature of the working medium evaporation absorption coil water at low temperature in the evaporimeter, the water temperature in the coil pipe that makes reduces, and is used for doing the low-temperature energy sources of air-conditioning.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system;
Fig. 2 is a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system summer operation system diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system winter operation system diagram;
Fig. 4 is operational system figure cold season in winter of a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of absorption heat pump in a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system.Heat collector 1 outlet is provided with temperature sensor T1 in the system, is used for surveying the temperature of heat collector outlet heat-conducting medium.The outlet of heat collector 1 can be respectively connected with the driving heat source inlet of the generator 2 of absorption heat pump R through triple valve 12, or via valve 40,19,18 and energy-accumulating water tank 38, water supply tank 39 connections.Heat collector 1 heat-conducting medium reflux inlet is connected to heat-conducting medium circulating pump 10; Inlet at circulating pump is connected to triple valve 11; Can be respectively connect, or connect with energy-accumulating water tank 38, water supply tank 39, cooling tower 22 via valve 41,20,21 and three-way solenoid valve 25 with the outlet of the driving heat source of absorption heat pump R generator 2.Such connection can so that heat collector 1 in summer the driving heat source as absorption heat pump, also can directly heat the water in the energy-accumulating water tank in the winter time with the solar energy that heat collector absorbs, supply with heating and use ability.
Absorption heat pump R will be made up of, condenser 3, evaporimeter 5, absorber 4, solution pump 8, working medium pump 9, heat exchanger 6 and solvent valve 7; In this system, represent absorption heat pump R with dashed rectangle; The driving heat source input port of generator 2 is connected with triple valve 12; Output port is connected with triple valve 11, and the external output end of hot water mouth of condenser is connected with valve 17, and the port that absorber 4 is connected with valve 13 is for heating water inlet; What evaporimeter 5 was connected with valve 16 is the chilled water delivery outlet, and what evaporimeter was connected with valve 15 is the chilled water loop head.
This a kind of sun the present invention can be provided with 38, one water supply tanks 39 of an energy-accumulating water tank by the absorption heat pump heating and air-conditioning system.Energy-accumulating water tank 38 is mainly as energy accumulating device, and water tank has good heat-insulation layer, is used to store the low-temperature cold water through absorption heat pump R refrigeration summer, supplies air-conditioning draught fan cooling air to use.Because if store the high-temperature-hot-water that supplies absorption heat pump R to use, temperature will be more than 80 ℃, the temperature difference of hot water and surrounding environment is very big, and heat energy scatters and disappears easily.And cold water is less 5-8 ℃ and ambient temperature difference, and heat energy dissipation is little, thereby stores low-temperature cold water summer.During the heating operation, water tank stores heating and uses hot water in the winter time.Water supply tank 39 is used for storing life and uses hot water.
Native system summer with the recirculated cooling water of absorption heat pump R heating water supply tank in 39 domestic water, on the one hand heat pump R is played cooling effect, heated domestic water simultaneously.Temperature is higher than after 35 ℃ in water supply tank; The cooling water temperature that refluxes will be higher than the temperature requirement of heat pump R to cooling water, therefore be provided with cooling tower 22 at reflux circuit, when the temperature of ordering at recirculation water T3 reaches 35 ℃; Microcomputer controller 33 will rotate magnetic valve 25; Open the inlet of cooling tower 22, will make cooling water further cooling in cooling tower 22, to meet the technological requirement of heat pump R to cooling water.
Native system is provided with electric heating device 28; Haze does not have the weather of sunlight in the winter time; Can start electric heating device 28; Automatic controller 33 is communicated with electric heating device 22 through the three-way solenoid valve door with heating circulating pump 29, water knockout drum 36, heating ground coil pipe 37, water collector 35 simultaneously, forms the heating heating circuit.
The native system air conditioner refrigerating adopts air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32, connects through three- way valve 30,31 systems, can select to connect heating loop or air conditioner loop through three- way valve 30,31.
The native system setting is the microcomputer controller 33 of core by single-chip microcomputer; The temperature that T2 point, water supply tank heat(ing) coil outlet T3 point, indoor temperature collection point T4 are ordered in microcomputer controller 33 automatic collection heat collector 1 liquid outlet T1 points, the energy-accumulating water tank; Simultaneously be operated in air conditioning mode or heating pattern by artificial input system, microcomputer controller moves the follow procedure automatic control system automatically.
Fig. 2 is a fundamental diagram under a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system summer air-conditioning pattern.Wherein red line segment is represented the solar heat water loop, the green chilled water circuit of representing, the yellow domestic hot-water's heating circuit of representing.Receive solar irradiation at heat collector 1; When heat collector 1 outlet T1 point place temperature reaches 85 ℃; Microcomputer controller 33 starts heat cycles pump 10; Heat(ing) coil, three-way valve 11 and circulating pumps 10 in the generator 2 of heat-conducting medium through triple valve 12, absorption heat pump R are got back to the liquid return hole of heat collector 1, form the heat cycles loop, and R provides drive energy to absorption heat pump.Absorption heat pump R work under the hot water that heat collector 1 provides drives.Produce low-temperature cold water by evaporimeter 5; Get into the heat exchanger coil 23 of energy-accumulating water tank 38 through valve 16,40,19; Again from the heat exchanger coil 23 of energy-accumulating water tank 38 come out the to get back to evaporimeter 5 of absorption heat pump R through valve 20,39,15; So continuous circulation constantly reduces the water temperature in the energy-accumulating water tank, as the low-temperature receiver of air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32.Under the summer air-conditioning pattern, triple valve 31,30 is connected air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32 and pipeline, simultaneously heating is partly closed.Cold water is communicated with from the water inlet of energy-accumulating water tank 38 delivery ports, three-way solenoid valve 27, circulating pump 29, triple valve 31, air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32; The delivery port of air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32 is connected with the water return outlet of energy-accumulating water tank 38 through triple valve 30, three-way solenoid valve 26, has formed the closed circuit of air conditioner refrigerating cold water.Microcomputer controller 33 will record temperature that indoor T4 orders and the indoor temperature upper limit of setting compares from indoor temperature probe 34; When the temperature of ordering as T4 is higher than design temperature; Microcomputer controller 33 starts circulating pump 29 and air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32, and room air is lowered the temperature.When indoor temperature is reduced to the lowest temperature of setting, microcomputer controller 33 will be closed circulating pump 29 and air-conditioning draught fan coil pipe refrigerator 32.When weather be in the cloudy day no sunlight during; Microcomputer controller records the temperature that T1 orders and is lower than 85 ℃, and the temperature that T2 order in the energy-accumulating water tank is when being higher than 10 ℃, and microcomputer controller will start the interior electric heater 42 of absorption heat energy generator 2; R provides the energy to absorption heat pump; Guarantee its work, the water storage in the energy-accumulating water tank 38 is freezed, thereby guarantee the air-conditioning operate as normal.
Fig. 3 is a fundamental diagram under a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system winter heating pattern.Wherein red line segment is represented the solar heat water loop, and yellow line segment is represented the heating hot water closed circuit.The winter solar radiation intensity is lower, and the temperature of heat-conducting medium will reach relatively more difficult more than 80 ℃ in the heat collector 1.Therefore winter can't be with the driving heat source of the hot water in the solar thermal collector 1 as absorption heat pump R.Most of the time of severe cold not too in the winter time; The temperature of the heat-conducting medium in the heat collector 1 can reach more than 40 ℃; Therefore can use the heat-conducting medium in the solar thermal collector directly to heat the water in the energy-accumulating water tank 38 during this period of time through the heat exchanger coil in the energy-accumulating water tank; Be that energy-accumulating water tank 38 interior water temperatures reach more than 40 ℃, be used for heating.
The hot water of heating loop connects circulating pump 29, triple valve 31 to water knockout drum 36 by energy-accumulating water tank 38 outlets through three-way solenoid valve 27; Be communicated with identical several groups of heating ground coil pipes 37 arranged side by side respectively at the water knockout drum place, heating hot water on heating ground coil pipe 37 cycle heat exchanges with after water collector 35, triple valve 30 three-way solenoid valves 26 are got back to heating water tank 38.
The heat exchanger coil 23 that the heat-conducting medium of heat collector 1 gets in the energy-accumulating water tank 38 through triple valve 12, valve 40,19; Outlet from the heat exchanger coil 23 of energy-accumulating water tank 38 is flowed out; Accomplished heat exchanging process; Pass through valve 20,41, triple valve 11 afterwards, under the driving of circulating pump 10, get into heat collector 1.Simultaneously; After valve 40, telling another road joins to the inlet of water supply tank 39 with heat exchanger coil 24 through valve 18; The outlet of the heat exchanger coil 24 of water supply tank 39 is joined with valve 41 via three-way solenoid valve 25, valve 21, constitutes the water supply tank heating circuit.
Fig. 4 is a fundamental diagram under a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system winter severe cold heating in season pattern.The period of in the winter time severe cold, sunlight very a little less than, the emittance of the sun is very low, the temperature of heated heat-conducting medium also decreases in the heat collector 1, the phase is directly heated the also difficulty very of heating water in the energy-accumulating water tank 38 with the heat-conducting medium in the heat collector 1 at this moment.Native system phase internal conversion at this moment is to produce steam driven heat pump R work by electric energy through the working medium in the 42 heating heat pumps of the electric heater in the generator 2.And the low temperature heat-conducting medium (as long as being higher than 10 ℃) that solar thermal collector 1 produces provides low-temperature heat source to heat pump R, absorbs the entrained energy of low temperature heat-conducting medium by heat pump R, the heating hot water in the heating energy-accumulating water tank.The heat-conducting medium outlet of heat collector 1 is joined through the coil pipe inlet of triple valve 12,16 and evaporator with heat pump 5; The coil pipe outlet of evaporator with heat pump 5 is connected with circulating pump 10 inlets through valve 15, triple valve 11; The liquid outlet of circulating pump 10 links to each other with the liquid return hole of heat collector 1, has so just constituted the low-temperature heat source closed circuit.After heat pump work, the radiant energy of the sun that heat collector 1 absorbs is carried at constantly circulation in the loop under the effect of circulating pump 10 by heat-conducting medium, get at heat-conducting medium after the coil pipe of evaporimeter 5; Wherein partial heat energy is evaporated device 5 absorptions, and temperature reduced after heat-conducting medium was absorbed portion of energy, by the coil pipe outflow of evaporimeter 5; Flowing back to heat collector 1 is heated up by solar irradiation once more; Flowed out by heat collector 1 outlet, reciprocation cycle like this flows to heat pump with the heat energy of the sun.Heat pump R is in duty; Condenser 3 all is exothermic reactions with absorber 4; Recirculated water is got into by the coil pipe of absorber 4 inlet, at the coil pipe that gets into condenser 3, flows out back most of heat exchanger coil 23 through valve 17,18,19 entering energy-accumulating water tanks 38 in through the coil pipe outlet of condenser 3 through the coil pipe of absorber 4; By the outlet outflow of heat exchanger coil 23 after valve 20,21, circulating pump 14 to valve 13, have formed the heat cycles loop of energy-accumulating water tank 38.The few part recirculated water that flows out from valve 17 gets into the heat exchanger coil 24 of water supply tank 39, is being flowed out by heat exchanger coil 24 after three-way solenoid valve 25, circulating pump 14 to valve 13, have formed the heating circuit of water supply tank 39.
The hot water of heating loop connects circulating pump 29, triple valve 31 to water knockout drum 36 by energy-accumulating water tank 38 outlets through three-way solenoid valve 27; Be communicated with identical several groups of heating ground coil pipes 37 arranged side by side respectively at the water knockout drum place, heating hot water on heating ground coil pipe 37 cycle heat exchanges with after water collector 35, triple valve 30 three-way solenoid valves 26 are got back to heating water tank 38.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of absorption heat pump in a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of the present invention system.Wherein generator 2, condenser 3, absorber 4, evaporimeter 5 are the critical piece of absorption heat pump R, also have solution pump 8, working medium pump 9, heat exchanger 6, choke valve 7.Can the absorption heat pump R in the frame of broken lines be regarded as an all-in-one-piece thermocompressor; Two interfaces of generator 2 inner coil pipes are the drive energy interface; And two interfaces of evaporimeter 5 inner coil pipes are two interfaces of refrigeration output; Coil pipe in the absorber 4 is connected in series with coil pipes in the condenser 3, and their other two two interfaces that interface promptly is connected with valve 13, is connected with valve 17 are for two of heat pump heat delivery outlet.The absorption heat pump R that native system is used is in generator 2, to be provided with electric heater 42 with conventional difference, as supplementary energy.
Claims (3)
1. solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning system; This system is absorbed the heat energy of solar radiation by solar thermal collector (1); Drive absorption heat pump (R) work; It is characterized in that: the heat-conducting medium in the said solar thermal collector (1) directly gets in the heat(ing) coil of generator (2) of absorption heat pump (I), as the driving heat source of absorption heat pump (R).
2. according to the described a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of claim 1 system; It is characterized in that: this system is through the cooperation of internal gating valve; Can make solar thermal collector (1) in Various Seasonal; The hot water of the different temperatures that produces be respectively applied for refrigeration air-conditioner, directly heat energy-accumulating water tank (38) be used for heating, as three kinds of forms of low-temperature heat source of absorption heat pump, made full use of the solar energy of Various Seasonal.
3. according to the described a kind of solar absorption heat pump heating air conditioning of claim 1 system; It is characterized in that: electric heater (42) is equipped with in design in the evaporimeter (2) of this intrasystem absorption heat pump (R); There is not the weather of sunlight; Can start electric heater (42), guarantee the operate as normal of absorption heat pump (R).
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CN105890015B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-11-05 | 马鞍山市博浪热能科技有限公司 | A kind of air source heat pump refrigeration and heating system and its control method |
CN106482394A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-08 | 广东高而美制冷设备有限公司 | A kind of solar-energy air-energy heat-exchange system |
CN106482394B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2022-07-19 | 广东高而美制冷设备有限公司 | Solar air energy heat exchange system |
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