CN114673479B - Based on heterogeneous state CO 2 Horizon type geothermal strengthening mining method - Google Patents
Based on heterogeneous state CO 2 Horizon type geothermal strengthening mining method Download PDFInfo
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E21B43/2605—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using gas or liquefied gas
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
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- F24T10/13—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground using tube assemblies suitable for insertion into boreholes in the ground, e.g. geothermal probes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method based on multiphase CO 2 The horizon type geothermal energy intensified mining method adopts a mining mode of 'single main well transformation heat extraction-auxiliary well monitoring', greatly reduces the drilling cost and improves the utilization efficiency of single drilling; by using liquid CO 2 The transformation expansion cracking principle of phase change after being heated when being injected into the geothermal layer increases the volume transformation range, and the CO is continuously increased along with the continuous increase of the internal pressure and temperature while the transformation cracking is carried out 2 The gas becomes CO in a supercritical state 2 The fluid, after fracturing is completed, now CO in supercritical state 2 After heat exchange between fluid and geothermal layer, the fluid carries a large amount of geothermal energy and finally CO in high-temperature supercritical state 2 The fluid enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat and cool, so that the heat extracted by the fluid is used for generating power by the power generation device, and the cooled CO is cooled after heat exchange is finished 2 The gas is cooled by a low-temperature condensing pipe and is liquefied into liquid CO 2 Thereby realizing CO 2 Closed-loop utilization of working media; finally, the overall exploitation efficiency of geothermal resources is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst based on multiphase CO 2 The horizon type geothermal energy intensified exploitation method is mainly suitable for geothermal energy high-efficiency exploitation of deep dry hot rock reservoirs with low permeability and compact rock stratums.
Background
Under the influence of increasingly scarce resource quantity and environmental pollution, the traditional energy structure faces non-negligible application threats, and frequent environmental problems bring questions to traditional energy consumption. The geothermal resources in China are very rich, and the application potential is huge. According to statistics, the radix of deep geothermal resources in China is 2.09 multiplied by 10 7 EJ, equivalent to 856 trillion tons of standard coal. The exploitation amount of deep geothermal energy is about 17 trillion tons of standard coal by calculating according to the lower limit of 2 percent of the exploitation rate of geothermal resources of the dry hot rock. Therefore, deep geothermal resource development is becoming more and more popular among countries and research researchers in the world.
According to the existing geothermal energy distribution characteristics, the method can be generally divided into shallow geothermal energy (200 m from the surface to the underground), hydrothermal geothermal energy (200 m-3000m underground) and dry hot rock geothermal energy (3000 m underground). The existing scholars mostly propose to utilize a double-well enhanced geothermal exploitation mode, and improve a hot dry rock reservoir by arranging at least one injection well and injecting high-pressure water, so that the permeability and the fluid flow rate of the hot dry rock reservoir are enhanced, then a low-temperature working medium is driven to flow through an improved reservoir fracture network to extract heat energy, and the working medium flow carrying heat is extracted and utilized through the arranged production well. The method is widely applied in the world, and obtains better technical processHowever, some application limitations exist, for example, a great amount of water resources are consumed in the process of reforming the hot dry rock reservoir by using high-pressure water, and great application limitation is provided for reforming the hot dry rock reservoir in some water resource-deficient areas; the process of reforming the reservoir by high-pressure water is mostly influenced by ground stress, the generated pressure relief range is multidirectional, and the effective control of reservoir fracturing is difficult to achieve; the transformation range of the conventional reservoir transformation mode is narrow, the interval through which the working medium flows in the later period is limited, and sufficient heat is difficult to obtain; and the existing adopted double-well exploitation mode is usually limited by the transformation capability of the injection well, and the production continuation problem is easy to occur. In addition, publication numbers are: CN114033346A entitled "a method for deep geothermal exploitation based on carbon dioxide medium" discloses a method for geothermal exploitation using carbon dioxide as a heat transfer medium, which does not require high pressure water injection, but still requires a twin-well mode, and also sets CO into the well 2 The phase change cracking device performs cracking, and CO 2 The phase change cracking device is relatively difficult to install and limited in cracking range, and the heat exchange medium injected into the well is supercritical CO 2 Thus, not only large heating equipment and pressurizing equipment are needed, but also a large amount of energy is consumed, so that the exploitation cost of geothermal resources is high and the heat exchange efficiency is low due to the mode; therefore, how to provide a method can effectively ensure the heat exchange efficiency after geothermal resources are exploited under the condition of effectively reducing the complexity of drilling construction and the construction cost, and finally improve the overall exploitation efficiency of the geothermal resources is one of the research directions in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method based on multiphase CO 2 The horizon type geothermal strengthening exploitation method can effectively reduce the complexity of drilling construction and construction cost, effectively ensure the heat exchange efficiency after geothermal resources are exploited, and finally improve the overall exploitation efficiency of geothermal resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: based on heterogeneous state CO 2 In the layer position typeThe geothermal reinforced mining method comprises the following specific steps:
A. firstly, drilling downwards on the ground by using a drilling machine, enabling a drill hole to penetrate through an overburden stratum to reach a dry hot rock reservoir to form a vertical shaft, dividing the vertical shaft into an overburden stratum section and a dry hot rock reservoir section, wherein the diameter of the vertical shaft is 300-400mm, and the bottom of the vertical shaft enters the range of 150-200m in the dry hot rock reservoir;
B. installing a directional drill bit on a drilling machine, extending the directional drill bit into the hot dry rock reservoir, sequentially drilling the directional drill bit at different depths of the hot dry rock reservoir along the same horizontal direction from a vertical shaft to form three horizontal drilling wells, respectively setting the three horizontal drilling wells as a first horizontal drilling well, a second horizontal drilling well and a third horizontal drilling well from top to bottom, and discharging slag and slurry during the back drilling; drilling a monitoring well from the ground by using a drilling machine, and enabling the final hole position of the monitoring well to be positioned in the overlying stratum right above the first horizontal drilling well;
C. installing a high-pressure sealer at the junction of the overburden section and the dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft to seal the dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft; then, one end of a heat insulation liquid injection pipe and one end of a heat insulation extraction pipe both extend into the vertical well and penetrate through the high-pressure sealer, wherein one end of the heat insulation liquid injection pipe extends into a second horizontal well, and a temperature-resistant pressure packer is installed at one end of the heat insulation liquid injection pipe to plug the second horizontal well; one end of the heat insulation extraction pipe is positioned in a dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft;
D. the other end of the heat-insulating liquid injection pipe and CO 2 The outlet of the pump body is connected, the other end of the heat-insulation extraction pipe is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, the heat discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected with the power generation device through a heat transfer pipeline, the fluid discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected with one end of the low-temperature condensation pipe, and the other end of the low-temperature condensation pipe is connected with the CO 2 The inlet of the pump body is connected, then the monitoring device is sent to the final hole position of the monitoring well, the monitoring device is connected with the multi-source data inversion system on the ground through the optical fiber data transmission line, and the multi-phase CO is completed 2 Laying a geothermal exploitation system;
E. when geothermal exploitation is started, CO is started first 2 Pumping the pump body for a period of time to pump the high-pressure low-temperature liquid CO in the low-temperature condensation pipe 2 Fluid injection via insulationInjecting the tube into a second horizontal well, low temperature liquid CO 2 The fluid is continuously heated in the second horizontal well under the influence of geothermal temperature, and liquid CO is obtained 2 The fluid absorbs heat and undergoes transient phase change to form CO 2 Gas, because the second horizontal drilling well is blocked, the generated high-pressure expansion effect impacts and cracks the dry hot rock around the second horizontal drilling well to complete one-time impact and crack process, and then the process is repeated to start CO 2 After the pump body is subjected to a plurality of times of cyclic fracturing processes for a period of time, the hot dry rock around the second horizontal drilling well forms a complex fracture network, meanwhile, the monitoring device monitors the geological condition below the second horizontal drilling well in real time and feeds monitoring data back to the multi-source data inversion system, the multi-source data inversion system determines the fracturing condition of the geothermal layer according to the monitoring data, and the CO is adjusted according to the fracturing condition 2 The injection pressure and the injection flow of the pump body are detected until the second horizontal drilling well is respectively communicated with the first horizontal drilling well and the third horizontal drilling well through the fracture network, and the CO is stopped 2 The pump body works to finish the cracking process;
F. when the fracture network (13) interpenetrates the first horizontal well, the second horizontal well and the third horizontal well, due to the liquid CO injected for a plurality of continuous cycles 2 Under the combined action of geothermal temperature and pressure generated by gasification, liquid CO 2 Fluid phase change to CO 2 The gas will become CO in a supercritical state 2 The fluid, then CO, now in supercritical state due to the lower gas pressure in the first horizontal well and the third horizontal well 2 The fluid enters a first horizontal well and a third horizontal well along the fracture network, continuously absorbs heat, and finally enters an insulated extraction pipe through a vertical well;
G. high temperature CO 2 Fluid enters the heat exchanger through the heat insulation extraction pipe, separated heat in the heat exchanger enters the power generation device through the heat transfer pipeline in the radiation heat exchange process to generate power, and the cooled CO after heat exchange is finished 2 The gas enters a low-temperature condensing pipe, and CO is cooled by the low-temperature condensing pipe 2 Gas re-liquefaction into liquid CO 2 Storing;
H. and E, when the heat value separated by the heat exchanger is lower than a set value, repeating the steps from E to G, so that the heat value separated by the heat exchanger is increased, and circulating the steps in such a way, and finally realizing the geothermal exploitation of the dry hot rock.
Furthermore, the monitoring device comprises a microseismic monitoring probe, an ultrasonic probe and a gas monitoring probe, and each probe is used for isolating high temperature by adopting a thermal insulation wrapping mode. By adopting the structure, the data acquisition can be carried out on the cracking condition of the geothermal layer through various probes, and the accuracy of subsequent data processing is facilitated.
Further, the drilling diameters of the first horizontal drilling well, the second horizontal drilling well and the third horizontal drilling well are all 150-180mm, and the drilling lengths are all in the range of 200-300 m.
Further, the azimuth angle error of the first horizontal well, the second horizontal well and the third horizontal well on the space horizon is less than 5 degrees, the third horizontal well is arranged at the bottom position of the vertical shaft, and the second horizontal well and the first horizontal well are respectively arranged at positions 60m and 120m above the third horizontal well. By adopting the arrangement, the cracking of the geothermal layer is facilitated, and the heat exchange exploitation of the geothermal layer can be better realized.
Further, the maximum withstand pressure of the high-pressure sealer is 150MPa, and the maximum withstand temperature is 500 ℃. Thus, the sealing effect can be ensured.
Further, the maximum temperature which the temperature and pressure resistant packer can bear is 600 ℃, and the maximum pressure is 200Mpa. Thus, the sealing effect can be ensured.
Further, the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe and the heat-insulation gas extraction pipe are both made of flexible materials, and the maximum temperature capable of being borne by the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe and the heat-insulation gas extraction pipe is 500 ℃; the pipe diameter of the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe is 80mm, and the pipe diameter of the heat-insulation extraction pipe is 150mm. The arrangement ensures that CO injected into the geothermal layer through the heat insulation liquid injection pipe 2 The medium is in a liquid state, so that the subsequent work is facilitated.
Further, the CO is 2 The adjustable range of the injection pressure of the pump body is 10-70MPa, and the injection flow range is 5-10L/min. The parameter range can meet the requirement of CO in cracking 2 The pump body is required to be regulated and controlled to ensure crackingThe process is carried out smoothly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention combines an injection well and an extraction well into a whole and combines the injection well and the extraction well with CO in various phases 2 Combined by directional pressure relief technology and CO in different phases 2 The method has the advantages that the area of a geothermal reservoir transformation area is enlarged by energy generated during phase change, in-situ monitoring is realized by combining various monitoring sensors, smooth fracturing is guaranteed, and an exploitation mode of 'single main well transformation heat extraction-auxiliary well monitoring' is provided, namely only one well extends into the geothermal layer, additional arrangement is not needed, and a monitoring well is only positioned in an overlying bottom layer; on the other hand by means of liquid CO 2 The phase change expansion cracking principle after heating when being injected into the geothermal layer increases the volume transformation range, and the CO is continuously increased along with the continuous increase of the internal pressure and temperature while the phase change cracking is carried out 2 The gas becomes CO in a supercritical state 2 After fracturing is finished (namely when the fracture network is communicated with all drilled wells), the fluid enters a multi-scale hole fracture structure of the fracture network by utilizing the advantages of strong fluidity, low friction resistance and the like of the supercritical state of the fluid so as to ensure that CO in the supercritical state enters the multi-scale hole fracture structure of the fracture network 2 After heat exchange between fluid and geothermal layer, the fluid carries a large amount of geothermal energy and finally CO in high-temperature supercritical state 2 Fluid enters the heat exchanger through the heat insulation extraction pipe for heat exchange and cooling, so that the heat extracted by the fluid is used for generating power by the power generation device, and the cooled CO is cooled after heat exchange 2 The gas enters the low-temperature condenser pipe, and the CO is cooled by the low-temperature condenser pipe 2 Gas re-liquefaction into liquid CO 2 Is stored to be used as a working medium source for subsequent injection, thereby realizing CO 2 Closed-loop utilization of working media; in addition, by setting the monitoring well, the microseismic technology, the acoustic technology and the gas monitoring technology are utilized to monitor the reservoir fracturing modification process and the gas migration rule respectively, the mass data are trained and predicted by means of the existing deep learning algorithm, and the CO can be adjusted 2 The injection parameters of different stages of the working medium are effectively adjusted, and finally the fracturing is ensured to be smoothly carried out, whereinThe heat exchange efficiency of the geothermal resources after being mined is effectively ensured, and the overall mining efficiency of the geothermal resources is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an overburden; 2-a hot dry rock reservoir; 3-a vertical shaft; 4-first horizontal drilling; 5-second horizontal drilling; 6-third horizontal drilling; 7-heat insulation liquid injection pipe; 8-high pressure sealer; 9-temperature and pressure resistant packer; 10-CO 2 A pump body; 11-heat insulation extraction pipe; 12-a heat exchanger; 13-a heat transfer circuit; 14-a power generation device; 15-a cryocondensation tube; 16-fracture network; 17-a multi-source data inversion system; 18-fiber optic data transmission line; 19-a monitoring well; 20-monitoring means.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. firstly, drilling downwards on the ground by using a drilling machine, enabling the drill hole to penetrate through an overburden stratum 1 to reach a dry hot rock reservoir stratum 1 to form a vertical shaft 3, dividing the vertical shaft 3 into an overburden stratum section and a dry hot rock reservoir stratum section, wherein the diameter of the vertical shaft 3 is 300-400mm, and the bottom of the vertical shaft 3 enters the dry hot rock reservoir stratum 1 within the range of 150-200 m;
B. installing a directional drill bit on a drilling machine, extending the directional drill bit into the dry hot rock reservoir 2, and sequentially drilling the directional drill bit into three horizontal drilling wells at different depths of the dry hot rock reservoir 2 along the same horizontal direction from a vertical well 3, wherein the drilling diameters of the three horizontal drilling wells are 150-180mm, the drilling lengths of the three horizontal drilling wells are all in the range of 200-300m, and the three horizontal drilling wells are respectively set as a first horizontal drilling well 4, a second horizontal drilling well 5 and a third horizontal drilling well 6 from top to bottom, the azimuth angle errors of the first horizontal drilling well 4, the second horizontal drilling well 5 and the third horizontal drilling well 6 on a spatial level are smaller than 5 degrees, the third horizontal drilling well 6 is arranged at the bottom of the vertical well 3, and the second horizontal drilling well 4 and the first horizontal drilling well 3 are respectively arranged at positions 60m and 120m above the third horizontal drilling well 5; by adopting the arrangement, the cracking of the geothermal layer is facilitated, and the heat exchange exploitation of the geothermal layer can be better realized; and deslagging and discharging slurry during the drill withdrawal; then, drilling a monitoring well 19 from the ground by using a drilling machine, and enabling the final hole position of the monitoring well 19 to be positioned in the overburden 1 right above the first horizontal drilling well 4;
C. installing a high-pressure sealer 8 at the junction of the overburden section and the dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft 3 to seal the dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft 3; the maximum tolerance pressure of the high-pressure sealer 8 is 150MPa, and the maximum tolerance temperature is 500 ℃, so that the sealing effect of the high-pressure sealer can be ensured; then, one end of a heat-insulation liquid injection pipe 7 and one end of a heat-insulation extraction pipe 11 both extend into the shaft 3 and penetrate through a high-pressure sealer 8, wherein one end of the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe 7 extends into the second horizontal well 5, and a temperature-resistant pressure packer 9 is installed at one end of the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe 7 to plug the second horizontal well; the maximum temperature which the temperature-resistant pressure packer 9 can bear is 600 ℃, and the maximum pressure is 200Mpa. Thus, the sealing effect can be ensured; one end of the heat insulation extraction pipe 11 is positioned in a dry hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft 3;
D. the other end of the heat-insulating liquid injection pipe 7 is connected with CO 2 The outlet of the pump body 10 is connected, the other end of the heat insulation extraction pipe 7 is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger 11, the heat discharge port of the heat exchanger 11 is connected with the power generation device 14 through the heat transfer pipeline 13, the fluid discharge port of the heat exchanger 11 is connected with one end of the low-temperature condensation pipe 15, and the other end of the low-temperature condensation pipe 15 is connected with the CO 2 The inlet of the pump body 10 is connected, then the monitoring device 20 is sent to the final hole position of the monitoring well 19, the monitoring device 20 is connected with the multisource data inversion system 17 on the ground through the optical fiber data transmission line 18, the monitoring device 20 comprises a microseismic monitoring probe, an ultrasonic probe and a gas monitoring probe, and each probe is used for isolating high temperature in a thermal insulation wrapping mode. By adopting the structure, the data acquisition can be carried out on the cracking condition of the geothermal layer through various different probes, the accuracy of subsequent data processing is convenient, and the multiphase CO is completed 2 Laying a geothermal exploitation system; the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe 7 and the heat-insulation gas extraction pipe 11 are both made of flexible materials, and the maximum temperature capable of being borne by the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe is 500 ℃; the pipe diameter of the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe 7 is 80mm, and the pipe diameter of the heat-insulation extraction pipe 11 is 150mm. The arrangement ensures that CO injected into the geothermal layer through the heat-insulating injection pipe 7 2 The medium is in a liquid state, so that the subsequent work is facilitated to be carried out;
E. when geothermal exploitation work is started, CO is started first 2 The pump body 10 is operated for a period of time to pump the high pressure cryogenic liquid CO in the cryocondensation tubes 15 2 Injecting fluid into the second horizontal well 5 via the insulated injection pipe 7, low temperature liquid CO 2 The fluid is continuously heated in the second horizontal well 5 by the geothermal temperature, and the liquid CO is heated 2 The fluid absorbs heat and undergoes transient phase change to form CO 2 Gas, because the second horizontal drilling well 5 is blocked, the generated high-pressure expansion effect impacts and cracks the hot dry rock around the second horizontal drilling well 5 to complete one impact cracking process, and then the process is repeated to restart the CO 2 After the pump body 10 is subjected to a plurality of cyclic fracturing processes for a period of time, the hot dry rocks around the second horizontal drilling well 5 form a complex fracture network 16, meanwhile, the monitoring device 20 monitors the geological condition below in real time and feeds monitoring data back to the multi-source data inversion system 17, the multi-source data inversion system 17 determines the fracturing condition of the geothermal layer according to the monitoring data and adjusts CO according to the fracturing condition 2 The injection pressure and the injection flow of the pump body 10 are controlled until the second horizontal drilling well 5 is communicated with the first horizontal drilling well 4 and the third horizontal drilling well 6 through the fracture network 16 respectively, and the CO stops 2 The pump body 10 finishes the fracturing process; said CO 2 The adjustable range of the injection pressure of the pump body 10 is 10-70MPa, and the injection flow range is 5-10L/min. The parameter range can meet the requirement of cracking on CO 2 The pump body 10 is required to be regulated and controlled, so that the fracturing is ensured to be smoothly carried out;
F. when the fracture network 16 interpenetrates the first horizontal drilling well 4, the second horizontal drilling well 5 and the third horizontal drilling well 6, liquid CO is injected due to continuous multiple circulation 2 The liquid CO is generated by the combined action of geothermal temperature and pressure generated by gasification 2 Fluid phase change to CO 2 The gas will become CO in a supercritical state 2 The fluid, then CO in the supercritical state due to the lower gas pressure in the first horizontal well 4 and the third horizontal well 6 2 The fluid enters the first horizontal well 4 and the third horizontal well 6 along the fracture network 16, continuously absorbs heat, and finally enters the heat insulation extraction pipe 11 through the vertical shaft 3;
G. high temperature CO 2 Fluid enters a heat exchanger 12 through a heat insulation extraction pipe 11, separated heat in the heat exchanger 12 enters a power generation device 14 through a heat transfer pipeline 13 in a radiation heat exchange process to generate power, and the cooled CO after heat exchange is finished 2 The gas enters the low-temperature condensation pipe 15, and the temperature of the gas is reduced by the low-temperature condensation pipe 15 to ensure that CO is condensed 2 Gas re-liquefaction into liquid CO 2 Storing;
H. and when the calorific value separated from the heat exchanger 12 is lower than a set value, repeating the steps E to G, so that the calorific value separated from the heat exchanger 12 is increased, circulating the steps, and finally realizing the geothermal exploitation of the dry hot rock.
The high-pressure sealer 8, the temperature-resistant pressure packer 9 and CO 2 The pump body 10, the heat exchanger 12, the power generation device 14, the low-temperature condenser tube 15, the multi-source data inversion system 17 and the monitoring device 20 are all existing equipment or devices and can be obtained through market purchase; wherein, the multisource data inversion system 17 analyzes and processes the monitoring data by adopting a known deep learning algorithm and a filtering noise reduction technology after receiving the monitoring data fed back by the monitoring device 20, thereby realizing the visualization of the fracturing process. Is convenient for timely adjusting CO in the follow-up process according to the cracking condition 2 Pressure and flow rate of the pump body. The low temperature condensation pipe 15 can lead the inflowing CO 2 The gas is continuously cooled to change the phase into liquid CO 2 A fluid.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Based on heterogeneous state CO 2 The horizon type geothermal reinforced mining method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. firstly, drilling downwards on the ground by using a drilling machine, so that a drilled hole penetrates through an overburden stratum to reach a dry hot rock reservoir to form a vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft is divided into an overburden stratum section and a dry hot rock reservoir section;
B. installing a directional drill bit on a drilling machine, extending the directional drill bit into the hot dry rock reservoir, sequentially drilling the directional drill bit at different depths of the hot dry rock reservoir along the same horizontal direction from a vertical shaft to form three horizontal drilling wells, respectively setting the three horizontal drilling wells as a first horizontal drilling well, a second horizontal drilling well and a third horizontal drilling well from top to bottom, and discharging slag and slurry during the back drilling; drilling a monitoring well from the ground by using a drilling machine, and enabling the final hole position of the monitoring well to be located in an overlying stratum right above the first horizontal drilling well;
C. installing a high-pressure sealer at the junction of the overburden section and the dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft to seal the dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft; then, one end of a heat insulation liquid injection pipe and one end of a heat insulation extraction pipe both extend into the vertical well and penetrate through the high-pressure sealer, wherein one end of the heat insulation liquid injection pipe extends into a second horizontal well, and a temperature-resistant pressure packer is installed at one end of the heat insulation liquid injection pipe to plug the second horizontal well; one end of the heat insulation extraction pipe is positioned in a dry and hot rock reservoir section of the vertical shaft;
D. the other end of the heat-insulating liquid injection pipe and CO 2 The outlet of the pump body is connected, the other end of the heat insulation extraction pipe is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, the heat discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected with the power generation device through the heat transfer pipeline, the fluid discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected with one end of the low-temperature condensation pipe, and the other end of the low-temperature condensation pipe is connected with the CO 2 The inlet of the pump body is connected, then the monitoring device is sent to the final hole position of the monitoring well, the monitoring device is connected with the multisource data inversion system on the ground through an optical fiber data transmission line, and the multiphase CO is completed 2 Laying a geothermal exploitation system;
E. when geothermal exploitation work is started, CO is started first 2 Pumping the pump body for a period of time to pump the high-pressure low-temperature liquid CO in the low-temperature condensation pipe 2 Injecting fluid into the second horizontal well via the insulated injection pipe, low temperature liquid CO 2 The fluid is continuously heated in the second horizontal well under the influence of geothermal temperature, and liquid CO is obtained 2 The fluid absorbs heat and undergoes transient phase change to form CO 2 Gas, because the second horizontal drilling well is blocked, the generated high-pressure expansion effect impacts and cracks the hot dry rock around the second horizontal drilling well to complete one impact cracking process, and then the process is repeated to restart CO 2 After the pump body is subjected to a plurality of times of cyclic fracturing processes for a period of time, the hot dry rock around the second horizontal drilling well forms a complex fracture network, meanwhile, the monitoring device monitors the geological condition below the second horizontal drilling well in real time, the monitoring data are fed back to the multi-source data inversion system to determine the fracturing condition of the geothermal layer according to the monitoring data, and the CO is adjusted according to the fracturing condition 2 The injection pressure and the injection flow of the pump body are controlled until the second horizontal drilling well is communicated with the first horizontal drilling well and the third horizontal drilling well through the fracture network respectively, and the CO is stopped 2 The pump body finishes the cracking process;
F. when the fracture network interpenetrates the first horizontal well, the second horizontal well and the third horizontal well, the liquid CO is injected due to continuous multiple circulation 2 The liquid CO is generated by the combined action of geothermal temperature and pressure generated by gasification 2 Fluid phase change to CO 2 The gas will become CO in a supercritical state 2 The fluid, then CO in the supercritical state due to the lower gas pressure in the first horizontal well and the third horizontal well 2 The fluid enters a first horizontal well and a third horizontal well along the fracture network, continuously absorbs heat, and finally enters an insulated extraction pipe through a vertical well;
G. high temperature CO 2 Fluid enters the heat exchanger through the heat insulation extraction pipe, separated heat in the heat exchanger enters the power generation device through the heat transfer pipeline in the radiation heat exchange process to generate power, and the cooled CO after heat exchange is finished 2 The gas enters the low-temperature condenser pipe, and the CO is cooled by the low-temperature condenser pipe 2 Gas re-liquefaction into liquid CO 2 Storing;
H. and E, when the heat value separated by the heat exchanger is lower than a set value, repeating the steps from E to G, so that the heat value separated by the heat exchanger is increased, and circulating the steps in such a way, and finally realizing the geothermal exploitation of the dry hot rock.
2. The method of claim 1 based on multiphase CO 2 The horizon-type geothermal intensified mining method is characterized in that the monitoring deviceThe device comprises a microseismic monitoring probe, an ultrasonic probe and a gas monitoring probe, wherein each probe is used for isolating high temperature by adopting a thermal insulation wrapping mode.
3. The multiphase CO-based fuel as claimed in claim 1 2 The method for the horizon type geothermal enhanced exploitation is characterized in that the drilling diameters of the first horizontal drilling well, the second horizontal drilling well and the third horizontal drilling well are all 150-180mm, and the drilling lengths are all in the range of 200-300 m.
4. The method of claim 1 based on multiphase CO 2 The horizon type geothermal energy intensified mining method is characterized in that the azimuth angle error of the first horizontal well, the second horizontal well and the third horizontal well on the spatial horizon is less than 5 degrees, the third horizontal well is arranged at the bottom position of the vertical shaft, and the second horizontal well and the first horizontal well are respectively arranged at the positions of 60m and 120m above the third horizontal well.
5. The multiphase CO-based fuel as claimed in claim 1 2 The horizon type geothermal strengthening exploitation method is characterized in that the maximum withstand pressure of the high-pressure sealer is 150MPa, and the maximum withstand temperature is 500 ℃.
6. The multiphase CO-based fuel as claimed in claim 1 2 The horizon type geothermal strengthening exploitation method is characterized in that the maximum temperature which the temperature and pressure resistant packer can bear is 600 ℃, and the maximum pressure is 200Mpa.
7. The method of claim 1 based on multiphase CO 2 The horizon type geothermal energy reinforced exploitation method is characterized in that the heat insulation liquid injection pipe and the heat insulation extraction pipe are both made of flexible materials, and the maximum temperature capable of being borne by the heat insulation liquid injection pipe and the heat insulation extraction pipe is 500 ℃; the pipe diameter of the heat-insulation liquid injection pipe is 80mm, and the pipe diameter of the heat-insulation extraction pipe is 150mm.
8. A method according to claim 1, based on multiple phasesCO 2 The horizon-type geothermal enhanced mining method of (1), characterized in that the CO is 2 The adjustable range of the injection pressure of the pump body is 10-70MPa, and the injection flow range is 5-10L/min.
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