CN114672333A - Biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device - Google Patents

Biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114672333A
CN114672333A CN202210427574.1A CN202210427574A CN114672333A CN 114672333 A CN114672333 A CN 114672333A CN 202210427574 A CN202210427574 A CN 202210427574A CN 114672333 A CN114672333 A CN 114672333A
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China
Prior art keywords
biomass
communicated
dry distillation
water content
collecting cylinder
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CN202210427574.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李培培
张达志
吴菊
郝和群
张舰
杨梅
陈世芹
孟屹
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West Anhui University
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West Anhui University
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Priority to CN202210427574.1A priority Critical patent/CN114672333A/en
Publication of CN114672333A publication Critical patent/CN114672333A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10Drying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device, and belongs to the technical field of biomass fuel manufacturing equipment. This living beings dry distillation pyrolysis device includes reation kettle, combustion chamber, cooling condenser and collects the jar, still includes: the moisture detector is used for detecting the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material; a liquid inlet A of the first electromagnetic valve is communicated with the condenser, and a liquid outlet B of the first electromagnetic valve is communicated with the collecting cylinder; a liquid collecting cylinder; the weighing device is used for weighing the liquid collecting cylinder; the data processor is used for calculating the real-time water content of the biomass raw material in the reaction kettle; the controller is internally provided with a preset water content threshold value, and the real-time water content of the biomass raw material is compared with the preset water content threshold value by the controller. The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device provided by the invention can reduce the water content of biomass before dry distillation pyrolysis is carried out on the biomass, so that the water content in a biomass pyrolysis product is effectively reduced, and the viscosity, stability and storage period of bio-oil are improved.

Description

Biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel manufacturing equipment, in particular to a biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device.
Background
The bio-oil is widely applied to the production processes of combustion power generation, fuel oil and chemical products, and is mainly produced by dry distillation and pyrolysis of biomass. The biomass pyrolysis technology refers to a process of converting biomass into charcoal and low molecular substances by heating in an environment isolated from air or a small amount of air. Pretreatment, including drying and crushing, is required to be carried out on biomass before biomass pyrolysis, and the dried biomass can effectively reduce the moisture content in a biomass pyrolysis product and improve the viscosity, pH value, stability and storage period of bio-oil.
Some biomass dry distillation pyrolysis devices that have now lack the function of carrying out the drying to the biomass to lead to the water content of biomass raw materials higher, after follow-up dry distillation pyrolysis, the water content of the bio-oil by biomass conversion is higher, thereby leads to the quality of bio-oil relatively poor, is difficult to store for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device which can reduce the water content of biomass before dry distillation pyrolysis is carried out on the biomass, so that the water content in a biomass pyrolysis product is effectively reduced, and the viscosity, stability and storage period of bio-oil are improved.
The invention provides a biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device, which comprises a reaction kettle, a combustion chamber, a condenser and a collecting cylinder, and also comprises:
the moisture detector is used for detecting the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material;
a liquid inlet A of the first electromagnetic valve is communicated with the condenser, and a liquid outlet B of the first electromagnetic valve is communicated with the collecting cylinder;
the liquid collecting cylinder is communicated with a liquid outlet C of the first electromagnetic valve;
the weighing device is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cylinder and is used for weighing the liquid collecting cylinder;
the data processor is electrically connected with the moisture detector and the weighing device and used for calculating the real-time moisture content of the biomass raw material in the reaction kettle according to the initial mass and the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material and the real-time mass of the liquid collecting cylinder;
the controller, with combustion chamber, data processor and first solenoid valve electricity are all connected, predetermine the water content threshold value in the controller, the controller is with the real-time water content of living beings raw materials and predetermine the water content threshold value and do the contrast to according to the action of contrast result control first solenoid valve and combustion chamber, controller still electricity is connected with power supply unit.
Preferably, the reaction kettle comprises a bracket and a cylinder body, the bracket is arranged on the combustion chamber, the side wall of the cylinder body is connected with the bracket in a sliding manner, the cylinder body is communicated with the condenser, the cylinder body is further connected with a power device, and the power device is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the cylinder body is also communicated with a gas supply device, and the gas supply device is used for supplying nitrogen gas into the cylinder body.
Preferably, a second electromagnetic valve is further arranged between the cylinder body and the condenser, an air inlet P of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the reaction kettle, an air outlet Q of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the condenser, an air outlet T of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the atmosphere, and the second electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, a vent pipe is arranged in the combustion chamber, an air jet is arranged on the side wall of the vent pipe, the vent pipe is communicated with an electromagnetic throttle valve, the electromagnetic throttle valve is communicated with an air supply device, and the electromagnetic throttle valve is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the vent pipe is communicated with the collecting cylinder, a one-way valve is further arranged between the vent pipe and the collecting cylinder, and the one-way valve is used for conducting the vent pipe from the collecting cylinder in a one-way mode.
Preferably, a pulley is arranged between the support and the cylinder body, the pulley is connected with a support bearing, and the pulley is abutted against the outer wall of the cylinder body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device provided by the invention can reduce the water content of biomass before dry distillation pyrolysis is carried out on the biomass, so that the water content in a biomass pyrolysis product is effectively reduced, and the viscosity, stability and storage period of bio-oil are improved. Through setting up support and cylinder body, utilize power device drive cylinder body to rotate to biomass raw materials stirs in the cylinder body, and then accelerates the drying rate of living beings in the reation kettle, and prevents that living beings from being heated the real-time water content survey of living beings raw materials that the inequality leads to and misalign. The nitrogen is introduced into the cylinder body through the air supply device, so that the water vapor in the air in the cylinder body is prevented from being condensed during gas leading initially, and the water vapor in the air is further prevented from influencing the real-time water content measurement of the biomass raw material. Through setting up gas supply unit to adjust combustible gas's velocity of flow through electromagnetic throttle valve, control the heating temperature of combustion chamber, and then can control reation kettle's real-time temperature. Through will collecting jar and breather pipe intercommunication, not only can prevent that these organic matters from discharging into atmosphere and causing air pollution, can also reduce the use amount of the combustible gas that air feeder provided, and then reduce the use cost of this device. Through setting up the pulley, the cylinder body passes through pulley and support sliding connection to reduce the wearing and tearing of cylinder body, promote the life of this device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reaction vessel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the A-A surface of the reaction vessel of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
101. the device comprises a combustion chamber, 102, a condenser, 103, a collecting cylinder, 104, a first electromagnetic valve, 105, a liquid collecting cylinder, 106, a weighing device, 107, a reaction kettle, 201, a bracket, 202, a cylinder body, 3, a second electromagnetic valve, 401, a vent pipe, 402, an air nozzle, 403, an electromagnetic throttle valve, 5, a one-way valve and 6, a pulley.
Detailed Description
Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-3, although it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device provided by the invention comprises a reaction kettle 107, a combustion chamber 101, a condenser 102 and a collecting cylinder 103, and further comprises: the system comprises a moisture detector, a first electromagnetic valve 104, a liquid collecting cylinder 105, a weigher 106, a data processor and a controller, wherein the moisture detector is used for detecting the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material; a liquid inlet A of the first electromagnetic valve 104 is communicated with the condenser, and a liquid outlet B of the first electromagnetic valve 104 is communicated with the collecting cylinder 103; the liquid collecting cylinder 105 is communicated with a liquid outlet C of the first electromagnetic valve 104; the weigher 106 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cylinder 105 and is used for weighing the liquid collecting cylinder 105; the data processor is electrically connected with the moisture detector and the weighing device 106, and calculates the real-time moisture content of the biomass raw material in the reaction kettle 107 according to the initial mass and the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material and the real-time mass of the liquid collecting cylinder 105; the controller with combustion chamber 101, data processor and first solenoid valve 104 all electricity are connected, predetermine the water content threshold value in the controller, the controller is with the real-time water content of biomass raw materials and predetermine the water content threshold value and do the contrast to according to the action of contrast result control first solenoid valve 104 and combustion chamber 101, the controller still electricity is connected with power supply unit.
The working principle of example 1 is now briefly described:
when biomass dry distillation pyrolysis is carried out, the moisture detector is used for detecting the moisture content of the biomass raw material, the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material is transmitted to the data processor, and the initial mass of the biomass raw material is input to the data processor. Then, hold the living beings raw materials to reation kettle 107 in, heat reation kettle 107 through combustion chamber 101, control combustion chamber 101 heating temperature, maintain heating temperature and be less than 100 degrees, the controller control first solenoid valve 104 inlet A and liquid outlet C intercommunication. The method comprises the following steps that water in biomass raw materials in a reaction kettle 107 begins to evaporate, the evaporated water vapor flows into a condenser 102, the condenser cools the water vapor, the condensed water vapor is collected into a liquid collecting cylinder 105, a weigher 106 weighs the liquid collecting cylinder 105, the mass of the liquid collecting cylinder 105 is increased along with the increase of the condensed water in the liquid collecting cylinder 105, the mass of the liquid collecting cylinder 105 is increased, the mass of the liquid collecting cylinder 105 is the mass of the condensed water, a data processor records the real-time mass of the condensed water, the real-time water content of the biomass raw materials in the reaction kettle 107 can be calculated due to the fact that the initial mass and the initial water content of the biomass raw materials are known, a preset water content threshold value in a controller is 10%, the real-time water content of the biomass raw materials is compared with the preset water content threshold value, and when the real-time water content of the biomass raw materials is smaller than the preset water content threshold value, the controller controls a liquid inlet A and a liquid outlet B of a first electromagnetic valve 104 to be communicated, the heating temperature of the combustion chamber 101 is controlled to be raised to more than 500 ℃, so that the biomass raw materials are subjected to dry distillation pyrolysis, and products of the dry distillation pyrolysis are collected into the collection cylinder 103 after being condensed by the condenser 102, so that the products of the dry distillation pyrolysis are collected.
The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device provided by the invention can reduce the water content of biomass before dry distillation pyrolysis is carried out on the biomass, so that the water content in a biomass pyrolysis product is effectively reduced, and the viscosity, stability and storage period of bio-oil are improved.
Example 2:
on the basis of example 1, in order to accelerate the drying speed of the biomass in the reaction kettle 107 and prevent the misalignment of the real-time water content measurement of the biomass raw material caused by uneven heating of the biomass.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the reaction kettle 107 includes a bracket 201 and a cylinder 202, the bracket 201 is disposed on the combustion chamber 101, a side wall of the cylinder 202 is slidably connected to the bracket 201, the cylinder 202 is communicated with the condenser 102, and the cylinder 202 is further connected to a power device, which is electrically connected to the controller.
Because combustion chamber 101 heats reation kettle 107 during, the living beings in reation kettle 107 are heated inhomogeneously, if biomass in untimely stirred tank reation kettle 107, can cause the local heat of endogenous substance of reation kettle 107 to gather, thereby release biological oil in advance, thereby lead to the condensate water of album in the jar 105 to mix in biological oil, thereby make the real-time water content survey of the interior living beings raw materials of reation kettle 107 misalignment, controller control reation kettle 107 carries out dry distillation pyrolysis reaction in advance, lead to biomass raw materials when carrying out dry distillation pyrolysis, the water content is too big. Through setting up support 201 and cylinder body 202, hold into cylinder body 202 with biomass feedstock, when utilizing combustion chamber 101 to cylinder body 202 heating, utilize power device drive cylinder body 202 to rotate to biomass feedstock stirs in cylinder body 202, and then accelerates the drying rate of living beings in reation kettle 107, and prevents that the living beings from being heated the real-time water content survey of the biomass feedstock that the inequality leads to and misalign. Furthermore, the biomass raw material can be stirred when being subjected to dry distillation pyrolysis, so that the efficiency of the dry distillation pyrolysis is accelerated.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cylinder 202 is further communicated with a gas supply device, and the gas supply device is used for supplying nitrogen gas into the cylinder 202. Through setting up air feeder, before carrying out the drying to biomass raw materials, lead to nitrogen gas in to cylinder body 202, with the whole discharges of the air in the cylinder body 202 to prevent when carrying out the drying to biomass raw materials, vapor in the air influences biomass raw materials water content survey, and further, the air in the cylinder body 202 of discharging in advance can also prevent to take place chemical reaction to biomass raw materials and air in the cylinder body 202, thereby promotes the quality of bio-oil.
As a preferable mode, as shown in fig. 1, a second electromagnetic valve 3 is further provided between the cylinder 202 and the condenser 102, a gas inlet P of the second electromagnetic valve 3 is communicated with the reaction kettle 107, a gas outlet Q of the second electromagnetic valve 3 is communicated with the condenser 102, a gas outlet T of the second electromagnetic valve 3 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the second electromagnetic valve 3 is electrically connected with the controller. Through setting up second solenoid valve 3, before carrying out the drying to biomass raw materials, with the air inlet P of second solenoid valve 3 and the gas outlet T intercommunication of second solenoid valve 3, lead to into nitrogen gas through air feeder in to cylinder body 202, nitrogen gas is discharged to the atmosphere through second solenoid valve 3 to prevent that the vapor in the air condenses when leading the gas in cylinder body 202 at the beginning, and then prevents that the vapor in the air from causing the influence to the real-time moisture content of biomass raw materials.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a breather pipe 401 is arranged in the combustion chamber 101, an air jet 402 is arranged on the side wall of the breather pipe 401, the breather pipe 401 is communicated with an electromagnetic throttle valve 403, the electromagnetic throttle valve 403 is communicated with an air supply device, and the electromagnetic throttle valve 403 is electrically connected with the controller. By providing the gas supply means, the combustible gas is supplied into the flue pipe 401 by the gas supply means, the combustible gas is ejected through the gas ejection port 402 and burned in the combustion chamber 101, the flow rate of the combustible gas is adjusted by the electromagnetic throttle valve 403, the heating temperature of the combustion chamber 101 is controlled, and the real-time temperature of the reaction vessel 107 can be controlled.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the vent pipe 401 is communicated with the collecting cylinder 103, and a check valve 5 is further disposed between the vent pipe 401 and the collecting cylinder 103, wherein the check valve 5 is used for conducting from the collecting cylinder 103 to the vent pipe 401 in a one-way manner. Through collecting jar 103 and breather pipe 401 intercommunication, burn in the organic matter that produces the lower and not condensed boiling point of living beings dry distillation pyrolysis is expert in combustion chamber 101, not only can prevent that these organic matters from discharging into the atmosphere and causing air pollution, can also reduce the use amount of the combustible gas that air feeder provided, and then reduce the use cost of this device.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a pulley 6 is disposed between the bracket 201 and the cylinder 202, the pulley 6 is in bearing connection with the bracket 201, and the pulley 6 abuts against the outer wall of the cylinder 202. Through setting up pulley 6, cylinder body 202 passes through pulley 6 and support 201 sliding connection to reduce the wearing and tearing of cylinder body 202, promote the life of this device.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device comprises a reaction kettle (107), a combustion chamber (101), a condenser (102) and a collecting cylinder (103), and is characterized by comprising:
the moisture detector is used for detecting the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material;
a liquid inlet A of the first electromagnetic valve (104) is communicated with the condenser, and a liquid outlet B of the first electromagnetic valve (104) is communicated with the collecting cylinder (103);
a liquid collecting cylinder (105) communicated with a liquid outlet C of the first electromagnetic valve (104);
the weighing device (106) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cylinder (105) and is used for weighing the liquid collecting cylinder (105);
the data processor is electrically connected with the moisture detector and the weighing device (106), and calculates the real-time moisture content of the biomass raw material in the reaction kettle (107) according to the initial mass and the initial moisture content of the biomass raw material and the real-time mass of the liquid collecting cylinder (105);
the controller, with combustion chamber (101), data processor and first solenoid valve (104) all electricity are connected, predetermine the water content threshold value in the controller, the controller is with the real-time water content of living beings raw materials and predetermine the water content threshold value and do the contrast to according to the action of contrast result control first solenoid valve (104) and combustion chamber (101), the controller still electricity is connected with power supply unit.
2. The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction kettle (107) comprises a bracket (201) and a cylinder body (202), the bracket (201) is arranged on the combustion chamber (101), the side wall of the cylinder body (202) is connected with the bracket (201) in a sliding way, the cylinder body (202) is communicated with the condenser (102), and the cylinder body (202) is further connected with a power device which is electrically connected with the controller.
3. The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the cylinder (202) is further communicated with a gas supply device, and the gas supply device is used for supplying nitrogen gas into the cylinder (202).
4. A biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that a second electromagnetic valve (3) is arranged between the cylinder body (202) and the condenser (102), a gas inlet P of the second electromagnetic valve (3) is communicated with the reaction kettle (107), a gas outlet Q of the second electromagnetic valve (3) is communicated with the condenser (102), a gas outlet T of the second electromagnetic valve (3) is communicated with the atmosphere, and the second electromagnetic valve (3) is electrically connected with the controller.
5. The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vent pipe (401) is arranged in the combustion chamber (101), an air jet (402) is arranged on the side wall of the vent pipe (401), the vent pipe (401) is communicated with an electromagnetic throttle valve (403), the electromagnetic throttle valve (403) is communicated with an air supply device, and the electromagnetic throttle valve (403) is electrically connected with the controller.
6. The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vent pipe (401) is communicated with the collecting cylinder (103), a one-way valve (5) is further arranged between the vent pipe (401) and the collecting cylinder (103), and the one-way valve (5) is used for one-way communication from the collecting cylinder (103) to the vent pipe (401).
7. The biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a pulley (6) is arranged between the support (201) and the cylinder body (202), the pulley (6) is in bearing connection with the support (201), and the pulley (6) is abutted against the outer wall of the cylinder body (202).
CN202210427574.1A 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device Pending CN114672333A (en)

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CN202210427574.1A CN114672333A (en) 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Biomass dry distillation pyrolysis device

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CN114672333A true CN114672333A (en) 2022-06-28

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104910992A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-09-16 杭州金培科技有限公司 Biomass particle forming system
CN107033973A (en) * 2017-05-26 2017-08-11 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 A kind of inside and outside hot integral biomass revolution pyrolytic gasification equipment and application
CN107936996A (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-04-20 西北农林科技大学 It is a kind of to maintain formula biomass pyrolytic destructive distillation device and method certainly
CN109174424A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-11 山东埃尔派粉体科技股份有限公司 Moisture on-line control method and control system during a kind of crushing material
CN210314116U (en) * 2019-03-20 2020-04-14 华南农业大学 Device for preparing biochar by self-heating biomass continuous pyrolysis

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104910992A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-09-16 杭州金培科技有限公司 Biomass particle forming system
CN107033973A (en) * 2017-05-26 2017-08-11 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 A kind of inside and outside hot integral biomass revolution pyrolytic gasification equipment and application
CN107936996A (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-04-20 西北农林科技大学 It is a kind of to maintain formula biomass pyrolytic destructive distillation device and method certainly
CN109174424A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-01-11 山东埃尔派粉体科技股份有限公司 Moisture on-line control method and control system during a kind of crushing material
CN210314116U (en) * 2019-03-20 2020-04-14 华南农业大学 Device for preparing biochar by self-heating biomass continuous pyrolysis

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