CN114671484B - Floated aquaculture bioremediation floats bed - Google Patents
Floated aquaculture bioremediation floats bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN114671484B CN114671484B CN202210437006.XA CN202210437006A CN114671484B CN 114671484 B CN114671484 B CN 114671484B CN 202210437006 A CN202210437006 A CN 202210437006A CN 114671484 B CN114671484 B CN 114671484B
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 241000193882 Corbicula Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 22
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed which comprises a floating box, slide blocks A, slide blocks B, a scallop cage mechanism, a pull rope A, a pull rope B and a positioning anchor, wherein the bottom of the floating box capable of reducing water flow impact slides in opposite directions or opposite directions along the direction parallel to water flow to form two slide blocks A, and the scallop cage mechanism capable of reducing rush current impact through deformation is arranged below the two slide blocks A; when rainstorm occurs, the device can automatically reduce the resistance of the device to flowing water under the impact of the torrent, reduce the impact of the torrent on the scallop cage mechanism and the tension born by the positioning cap under the impact of the torrent, avoid the positioning anchor from being broken and lost due to the sudden increase of the flow velocity of the river channel water body because of the pull rope A or the pull rope B connected with the buoyancy tank in the scallop cage mechanism, and ensure that the device can not be damaged due to the impact of the water body bearing the sudden increase of the flow velocity when the rainstorm occurs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a suspended type aquaculture bioremediation floating bed.
Background
With the improvement of the quality of life, the environmental protection requirement is also improved, and the restoration of river channels becomes one of the main factors for improving the ecological appearance of cities and villages. The riverway has obvious self-repairing function through submerged plants, bottom mud microorganisms and the like, but the riverway has weak self-cleaning capability, slow purification speed and small environmental capacity, and can easily cause riverway pollution after pollution sources are gathered.
Based on the problem, a large number of ecological restoration processes are provided in the industry, wherein the ecological floating pot is fast to install, convenient to maintain and attractive in appearance, and is the most applied process at present, but the process mainly adopts phytoremediation, the technology is greatly influenced by seasons, temperature, water quality and the like, the restoration effect is slow, and secondary garbage for harvesting plants can be generated subsequently.
Based on this, ecological superficial basin based on bioremediation also uses and grows, through utilizing aquatic organisms such as spiral shell, scallop to purify the water, this method purification efficiency compares the ecological superficial basin of phytoremediation and has apparent promotion, but the bioremediation position is little, and the active area is little, to the faster water of river course velocity of flow, hardly acts on comprehensively. Based on this, this patent coupling adsorption process and bioremediation technology, adsorb the pollutant in the water body fast through the adsorbent, and the pollutant that adsorbs on the surface passes through the bioremediation technology gradually and converts.
When rainstorm occurs, river water flow is accelerated, the repairing floating bed is easily damaged due to rush current impact, or a positioning anchor of the repairing floating bed is broken and lost due to the strong impact of the rush current.
The invention designs a suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed comprises a floating box, slide blocks A, slide blocks B, a scallop cage mechanism, a pull rope A, a pull rope B and a positioning anchor, wherein the bottom of the floating box capable of reducing water flow impact slides oppositely or oppositely along the direction parallel to the water flow, two slide blocks A are arranged at the bottom of the floating box, and the scallop cage mechanism capable of reducing rush current impact through deformation is arranged below the two slide blocks A; two sliding blocks B which form a diamond shape with the sliding block A slide in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction at the bottom of the floating box; each sliding block B is connected with the positioning anchor through a pull rope A for driving the sliding block B to move and a pull rope B for driving the scallop cage mechanism to deform.
The scallop cage mechanism comprises an interlayer mechanism, a cage net, an adsorption filter material and aquatic organisms, wherein the cage net is sleeved outside a plurality of layers of deformable interlayer mechanisms, and the adsorption filter material and the aquatic organisms are placed in the space between any two adjacent interlayer mechanisms in the cage net.
The interlayer mechanism comprises connecting rods, hinge pins, plate springs and a containing net, wherein the four connecting rods are hinged end to end through the hinge pins to form a rhombus for reducing water flow impact, and the four connecting rods are symmetrically provided with two plate springs for restoring the rhombus; a containing net for placing adsorption filter materials and aquatic organisms is arranged between the four connecting rods.
Preferably, the slide block A is provided with a trapezoidal guide block A, and the trapezoidal guide block A slides in a trapezoidal guide groove A at the bottom of the buoyancy tank; the trapezoidal guide block B arranged on the sliding block B slides in the trapezoidal guide groove B at the bottom of the floating box.
Preferably, the buoyancy tank is in a drop shape in plan view; the two sliding blocks A are positioned on the vertical symmetrical surface of the buoyancy tank; two opposite solid hinge pins in the top end interlayer mechanism are correspondingly connected with the two sliding blocks A one by one; guide sleeves are respectively arranged on two opposite solid hinge pins in the bottom end interlayer mechanism; two coaxial slide bars fixedly connected through a guide ring A respectively slide in the two guide sleeves, and the tail end of each slide bar is provided with a limiting end for limiting the sliding amplitude of the slide bar; the guide ring B arranged at the bottom of the buoyancy tank is positioned at the center of a rhombus formed by the sliding block A and the sliding block B; the pull rope A positioned on the inner side of the sliding block B sequentially passes through the guide ring B, the containing net of the interlayer mechanism and the guide ring A to be connected with the positioning anchor; two pull ropes B positioned on the outer side of the sliding block B respectively sequentially penetrate through two opposite hollow hinge pins and the guide ring A in each interlayer mechanism to be connected with the positioning anchor.
Preferably, the scallop cage mechanism is hung up by the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank. The positioning anchor is used for fixing the floating box and the scallop cage mechanism in a fixed area of a river channel, so that the floating box is prevented from being lost under the action of wind and water flow.
Preferably, the adsorption filter material substrate is a traditional volcanic rock filter material, the filter material has great adsorption and biocompatibility, can quickly adsorb various large-particle pollutants, and provides a rest ground for water production, and particularly, spiroid animals are particularly favored to adsorb on the surface of the volcanic rock, so that the transfer rate between the filter material and bioremediation is increased.
But the volcanic rock is not strong to inorganic pollutants such as phosphorus, nitrogen adsorption ability, so this patent restores the modification to volcanic rock, makes it possess high-efficient phosphorus, nitrogen adsorption ability.
The preparation method of the adsorption filter material comprises the following steps:
and 4, taking the vesuvianite out, drying, and calcining at 500-600 ℃ for 10-30 minutes to obtain the adsorption filter material.
Preferably, the adding amount of the adsorption filter material is 1/3 to 1/5 of the volume of the cage net, too much adding amount can cause the weight of the scallop cage mechanism to be too heavy, the buoyancy tank cannot bear the weight, too little adding amount can cause the adsorption effect and the total amount of the adsorption filter material on pollutants in the water body to be insufficient, and the overall purification efficiency is reduced.
Preferably, the aquatic organisms may be one or more of the families of scallopidae, mussel, corbicula and spirochaete, and further preferably local dominant aquatic organisms.
Preferably, according to the water flow and the different pollutant concentrations, the action water area of a set of suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed is 5-10 square meters, when the water flow velocity is faster or the pollutant concentration is higher, the action area is smaller, and when the water flow velocity is slower and the pollutant concentration is lower, the action area is larger. When the area of the water area is larger, a plurality of sets of the water-saving device are connected in parallel for use.
The use method of the suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed comprises the following steps: 1. the floating box and the scallop cage mechanism are thrown into a river water body and are fixed at a stable position by a positioning anchor; 2. putting adsorption filter materials into each space in the scallop cage mechanism, which is separated by the interlayer mechanism; 3. putting aquatic organism seedlings into each space separated by the interlayer mechanism in the scallop cage mechanism; 4. taking out 1/3 to 1/2 of aquatic organisms periodically according to the growth cycle of the aquatic organisms, and then adding new aquatic organism seedlings; 5. the service cycle of the adsorption filter material is 0.5 to 1 year, when the service life is reached, the filter material is taken out and calcined at the temperature of 500 to 600 ℃ for 10 to 30 minutes, and then the filter material is modified again through a specific preparation method of the adsorption filter material.
Compared with the traditional water body bioremediation floating bed, the scallop cage mechanism utilizes the adsorption filter material and the aquatic organisms in each layer to effectively restore and purify the flowing water body, so that subsequent secondary garbage can not be generated, no environmental risk exists, and the aquatic organisms can generate secondary benefits. The adsorption filter material can effectively and fully adsorb pollutants in the flowing water body, so that the restoration point position and the action area of the adsorption filter material to the flowing water body are effectively increased, the pollutants adsorbed on the adsorption filter material can be fully, quickly and effectively absorbed by aquatic organisms in the scallop cage mechanism, and the purification efficiency of the flowing water body is improved.
When rainstorm occurs, the device can automatically reduce the resistance of the device to flowing water under the impact of the torrent, reduce the impact of the torrent on the scallop cage mechanism and the tension born by the positioning cap under the impact of the torrent, avoid the positioning anchor from being broken and lost due to the sudden increase of the flow velocity of the river channel water body because of the pull rope A or the pull rope B connected with the buoyancy tank in the scallop cage mechanism, and ensure that the device can not be damaged due to the impact of the water body bearing the sudden increase of the flow velocity when the rainstorm occurs.
The method is simple and convenient to operate, does not need to be installed, and can be directly thrown into a river channel. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall cross-sectional view of the present invention and its two views.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the buoyancy tank, two sliding blocks B, two pull ropes a and the scallop cage mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interlayer mechanism of the scallop cage mechanism, two pull ropes B and two pull ropes A.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the floating box, two sliding blocks A and the scallop cage mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interlayer mechanism and the pull rope a in the scallop cage mechanism.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of the spacer mechanism.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a buoyancy tank.
Number designation in the figure: 1. a buoyancy tank; 2. a trapezoidal guide groove A; 3. a trapezoidal guide groove B; 4. a slide block A; 5. a trapezoidal guide block A; 6. a slide block B; 7. a trapezoidal guide block B; 8. an interlayer mechanism; 9. a connecting rod; 10. a hinge pin; 11. a plate spring; 12. a containing net; 13. a cage net; 14. a guide sleeve; 15. a slide bar; 16. a limiting end; 17. a guide ring A; 18. pulling a rope A; 19. a guide ring B; 21. pulling a rope B; 22. positioning an anchor; 23. adsorbing a filter material; 24. an aquatic organism; 25. a scallop cage mechanism.
Detailed Description
The drawings are schematic illustrations of the implementation of the present invention to facilitate understanding of the principles of structural operation. The specific product structure and the proportional size are determined according to the use environment and the conventional technology.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a buoyancy tank 1, sliders A4, sliders B6, a scallop cage mechanism 25, a pull rope a18, a pull rope B21 and a positioning anchor 22, wherein as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the bottom of the buoyancy tank 1 capable of reducing water flow impact slides oppositely or oppositely along a direction parallel to the water flow with two sliders A4, and the scallop cage mechanism 25 capable of reducing rush current impact through deformation is arranged below the two sliders A4; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, two sliding blocks B6 which form a diamond shape with the sliding block A4 are arranged at the bottom of the buoyancy tank 1 in a sliding way in an opposite or reverse way; each sliding block B6 is connected with the positioning anchor 22 through a pulling rope A18 for driving the sliding block to move and a pulling rope B21 for driving the scallop cage mechanism 25 to deform.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the scallop cage mechanism 25 includes an interlayer mechanism 8, a cage net 13, an adsorbent filter material 23, and aquatic organisms 24, wherein an integral cage net 13 is sleeved outside a plurality of layers of deformable interlayer mechanisms 8, and the adsorbent filter material 23 and the aquatic organisms 24 are placed in a space between any two adjacent interlayer mechanisms 8 in the cage net 13.
As shown in fig. 6, the interlayer mechanism 8 comprises connecting rods 9, hinge pins 10, leaf springs 11 and a containing net 12, wherein the four connecting rods 9 are hinged end to end through the hinge pins 10 to form a rhombus for reducing water flow impact, and two leaf springs 11 for restoring the rhombus are symmetrically arranged; a containing net 12 for containing the adsorption filter material 23 and the aquatic organisms 24 is arranged between the four connecting rods 9.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, a trapezoidal guide block A5 is mounted on the slide block A4, and the trapezoidal guide block A5 slides in a trapezoidal guide groove A2 at the bottom of the buoyancy tank 1; as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the trapezoidal guide block B7 mounted on the slider B6 slides in the trapezoidal guide groove B3 at the bottom of the buoyancy tank 1.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 7, the buoyancy tank 1 has a drop shape in plan view; the two sliding blocks A4 are positioned on the vertical symmetrical surface of the buoyancy tank 1; two opposite solid hinge pins 10 in the top end interlayer mechanism 8 are correspondingly connected with the two sliding blocks A4 one by one; as shown in fig. 3 and 5, guide sleeves 14 are respectively arranged on two opposite solid hinge pins 10 in the bottom end barrier mechanism 8; two coaxial slide bars 15 fixedly connected through a guide ring A17 respectively slide in the two guide sleeves 14, and the tail end of each slide bar 15 is provided with a limiting end 16 for limiting the sliding amplitude of the slide bar; as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the guide ring B19 installed at the bottom of the buoyancy tank 1 is located at the center of the diamond formed by the slider A4 and the slider B6; a pull rope A18 positioned at the inner side of the sliding block B6 sequentially passes through the guide ring B19, the containing net 12 of the interlayer mechanism 8 and the guide ring A17 to be connected with a positioning anchor 22; two pull ropes B21 positioned outside the sliding block B6 respectively penetrate through two opposite hollow hinge pins 10 and guide rings A17 in each interlayer mechanism 8 in sequence and are connected with a positioning anchor 22.
As shown in fig. 1, the buoyancy tank 1 is used for hanging the scallop cage mechanism 25 by buoyancy. The positioning anchor 22 is used for fixing the buoyancy tank 1 and the scallop cage mechanism 25 in a fixed area of a river channel, so that the buoyancy tank 1 is prevented from being lost under the action of wind and water flow.
As shown in fig. 1, the substrate of the adsorption filter material 23 is a traditional volcanic rock filter material, which has great adsorption and biocompatibility, can rapidly adsorb various large-particle pollutants, and provides a rest place for the water production product 24, especially the spiroid animal prefers to adsorb on the surface of the volcanic rock, so as to increase the transmission rate between the filter material and bioremediation.
But the volcanic rock is not strong to inorganic pollutants such as phosphorus, nitrogen adsorption ability, so this patent restores the modification to volcanic rock, makes it possess high-efficient phosphorus, nitrogen adsorption ability.
The preparation method of the adsorption filter material 23 comprises the following steps:
and 4, taking out the vesuvianite, drying, calcining at 500-600 ℃ for 10-30 minutes, and obtaining the adsorption filter material 23.
As shown in FIG. 1, the dosage of the adsorption filter material 23 is 1/3 to 1/5 of the volume of the cage net 13, too much dosage leads to the overweight of the scallop cage mechanism 25 and the incapability of bearing the buoyancy tank 1, too little dosage leads to the insufficient adsorption effect and total amount of the adsorption filter material 23 on pollutants in the water body, and the overall purification efficiency is reduced.
As shown in FIG. 1, the aquatic organisms 24 may be one or a combination of more of the families scallopaceae, mussel, clam, and spirochaete, and further preferably local dominant aquatic organisms 24.
As shown in figure 1, according to the water flow and the pollutant concentration, the active water area of a set of suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed is 5-10 square meters, when the water flow rate is faster or the pollutant concentration is higher, the active area is smaller, and when the water flow rate is slower and the pollutant concentration is lower, the active area is larger. When the area of the water area is larger, a plurality of sets of the water-saving device are connected in parallel for use.
The use method of the suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed comprises the following steps: 1. the buoyancy tank 1 and the scallop cage mechanism 25 are thrown into the river water body and fixed at a stable position by the positioning anchor 22; 2. an adsorption filter material 23 is put into each space which is separated by the interlayer mechanism 8 in the scallop cage mechanism 25; 3. putting 24 seedlings of aquatic organisms into each space separated by the interlayer mechanism 8 in the scallop cage mechanism 25; 4. taking out 1/3 to 1/2 of the aquatic organisms 24 periodically according to the growth cycle of the aquatic organisms 24, and then adding new aquatic organisms 24 seedlings; 5. the service cycle of the adsorption filter material 23 is 0.5 to 1 year, when the service life is reached, the filter material is taken out and calcined at the temperature of 500 to 600 ℃ for 10 to 30 minutes, and then the adsorption filter material 23 is modified again by a specific preparation method.
The main action principle of the invention is as follows:
1. in the process of producing and propagating aquatic organisms 24, pollutants such as algae, plankton, suspended matters, organic matters and the like in the water body are swallowed, so that the water quality of the water body is purified, and the clarity is improved.
2. Although the total amount of pollutants absorbed by the aquatic organisms 24 is large, the adsorption rate is very slow, and only a small amount of nearby area can be absorbed, and the action area is small. Therefore, after the river water is coupled with the adsorption filter material 23, after the river water flows through the adsorption filter material 23, the adsorption filter material 23 can rapidly adsorb various pollutants (organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like) in the water body, and the pollutants adsorbed on the surface are gradually released to the water production products 24 and are swallowed by the aquatic organisms 24, so that the adsorption filter material 23 can continuously adsorb the pollutants in the water body.
3. The adsorption material 23 has excellent biocompatibility and is very suitable for habitats of aquatic organisms 24.
4. Due to the biological compatibility of the adsorption filter material 23, a microbial film is also easily formed on the surface of the adsorption filter material 23, and the microbial film can be used as food for aquatic organisms 24 on the basis of adsorbing and propagating pollutants.
The method is put into the river channel through the following steps:
1. the invention is dropped into a river body and secured in a stable position by a set anchor 22.
2. And the adsorption filter material 23 is put into all the spaces separated by the interlayer mechanism 8 in the scallop cage.
3. 24 seedlings of aquatic organisms are put into all the spaces separated by the interlayer mechanism 8 in the scallop cage.
After the invention is put into the river water body for 5, 10 and 15 days, the water quality of the test water body has obvious improvement effect, and the water quality is improved from the inferior V type water quality to the IV type water quality, which is detailed in the following table.
TABLE 1 ecological Floating basin treatment effect
| Day 0 | 5 |
10 |
15 days | |
| COD Mn | 14.6 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 8.9 |
| Ammonia nitrogen | 2.2 | 1.54 | 1.23 | 1.16 |
| Total phosphorus | 0.49 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.21 |
| Dissolved oxygen | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.5 |
After the invention is put into a river water body and the position positioning is realized by the positioning anchor 22, because the guide ring B19 is positioned on the central axis of the thick end of the buoyancy tank 1 and the gravity center of the buoyancy tank 1 deviates from the central axis of the thick end and is close to the thin end of the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy tank 1 keeps a fixed position under the action of water flow, the water flow flows from the thick end of the buoyancy tank 1 to the thin end of the buoyancy tank and the resistance of the buoyancy tank 1 to the water flow is small, the water flow can not form vortex at the thin end of the buoyancy tank 1, the straight line of the two slide blocks A4 is parallel to the water flow, and the connecting line of the two slide blocks B6 is vertical to the water flow.
If the river water body is at a normal flow velocity, the scallop cage mechanism 25 does not move relative to the buoyancy tank 1 under the action of the two sliding blocks B6 and the impact of water flow, the plate spring 11 in the interlayer mechanism 8 in the scallop cage mechanism 25 is in a compressed state, the two pull ropes B21 and the two pull ropes A18 are in a tightened state, and the distance between the two sliding blocks B6 is smaller than the distance between the two hollow hinge pins 10 in the interlayer mechanism 8.
When rainstorm occurs, the flow velocity of a water body in a river channel is increased sharply, the buoyancy tank 1 and the positioning anchor 22 generate relative displacement under the impact of the torrent, the pull ropes A18 and the pull ropes B21 are pulled synchronously, the positioning anchor 22 pulls the two sliding blocks B6 to slide oppositely through the two pull ropes B21, the two pull ropes A18 are pulled synchronously, meanwhile, the two sliding blocks B6 move the two hollow hinge pins 10 in each interlayer mechanism 8 oppositely through the corresponding pull ropes A18, so that the four connecting rods 9 in each interlayer mechanism 8 swing, the included angle of the hollow hinge pins 10 in the four connecting rods 9 in each interlayer mechanism 8 is increased, the included angle of the two solid hinge pins 10 is reduced, the interlayer mechanism 8 drives the cage net 13 on the outer side to perform self-adaptive deformation, the included angle of the fan-shaped cage mechanism 25 facing the water flow is reduced, the resistance of the fan-shaped cage mechanism 25 to the torrent is effectively reduced, the two plate springs 11 in each interlayer mechanism 8 are further compressed, and the two solid hinge pins 10 in the top interlayer mechanism 8 drive the two sliding blocks A4 to slide oppositely.
The deformation of the scallop cage mechanism 25 under the impact of the torrent effectively reduces the resistance of the scallop cage mechanism to the water flow, effectively prevents the scallop cage mechanism 25 from being damaged under the impact of the torrent and the torrent, and simultaneously prevents the positioning anchor 22 from being lost due to the breakage of the pull rope A18 and the pull rope B21 under the impact of the torrent.
After rainstorm, along with the gradual reduction of the water flow velocity, the scallop cage mechanism 25 restores to the original state under the reset action of the leaf springs 11 in the interlayer mechanisms 8, and the two sliding blocks A4 and the two sliding blocks B6 slide back and reset on the buoyancy tank 1.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the adsorption filter material 23 and the aquatic organisms 24 in each layer of the scallop cage mechanism 25 are utilized to effectively restore and purify the flowing water body, so that subsequent secondary garbage is not generated, no environmental risk is caused, and the aquatic organisms 24 can generate secondary benefits. The adsorption filter material 23 effectively and fully adsorbs pollutants in the flowing water body, so that the repair point position and the action area of the device for the flowing water body are effectively increased, the pollutants adsorbed on the adsorption filter material 23 can be fully, quickly and effectively absorbed by aquatic organisms 24 in the scallop cage mechanism 25, and the purification efficiency of the flowing water body is improved.
When rainstorm occurs, the resistance of the positioning anchor to flowing water can be automatically reduced under the impact of the torrent, the impact of the torrent on the scallop cage mechanism 25 and the tension borne by the positioning cap under the impact of the torrent are reduced, the positioning anchor 22 is prevented from being broken and lost due to the fact that the stay cord A18 or the stay cord B21 connected with the buoyancy tank 1 in the scallop cage mechanism 25 is suddenly increased in the flow velocity of river water, and the positioning anchor is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the positioning anchor bears the impact of the water with the suddenly increased flow velocity when the rainstorm occurs.
The method is simple and convenient to operate, does not need to be installed, and can be directly thrown into a river channel.
Claims (6)
1. A floated aquaculture bioremediation floats bed which characterized in that: the device comprises a floating box, sliders A, sliders B, a scallop cage mechanism, a pull rope A, a pull rope B and a positioning anchor, wherein the bottom of the floating box capable of reducing water flow impact slides in opposite directions or opposite directions along the direction parallel to the water flow to form two sliders A, and the scallop cage mechanism capable of reducing rush current impact through deformation is arranged below the two sliders A; two sliding blocks B which form a rhombus with the sliding block A are arranged at the bottom of the floating box in a sliding way in an opposite or reverse way; each sliding block B is connected with the positioning anchor through a pull rope A for driving the sliding block B to move and a pull rope B for driving the scallop cage mechanism to deform;
the scallop cage mechanism comprises interlayer mechanisms, cage nets, adsorption filter materials and aquatic organisms, wherein the cage nets are sleeved outside a plurality of layers of deformable interlayer mechanisms, and the adsorption filter materials and the aquatic organisms are placed in the space between any two adjacent interlayer mechanisms in the cage nets;
the interlayer mechanism comprises connecting rods, hinge pins, leaf springs and a containing net, wherein the four connecting rods are hinged end to end through the hinge pins to form a rhombus for reducing water flow impact, and the four connecting rods are symmetrically provided with the two leaf springs for restoring the rhombus; a containing net for placing adsorption filter materials and aquatic organisms is arranged among the four connecting rods;
the overlooking shape of the buoyancy tank is a drop shape; the two sliding blocks A are positioned on the vertical symmetrical surface of the buoyancy tank; two opposite solid hinge pins in the top end interlayer mechanism are correspondingly connected with the two sliding blocks A one by one; guide sleeves are respectively arranged on two opposite solid hinge pins in the bottom end interlayer mechanism; two coaxial slide bars fixedly connected through a guide ring A respectively slide in the two guide sleeves, and the tail end of each slide bar is provided with a limiting end for limiting the sliding amplitude of the slide bar; the guide ring B arranged at the bottom of the buoyancy tank is positioned at the center of a rhombus formed by the sliding block A and the sliding block B; the pull rope A positioned on the inner side of the sliding block B sequentially passes through the guide ring B, the containing net of the interlayer mechanism and the guide ring A to be connected with the positioning anchor; two pull ropes B positioned on the outer side of the sliding block B respectively sequentially penetrate through two opposite hollow hinge pins in each interlayer mechanism and the guide ring A to be connected with the positioning anchor;
the sliding block A is provided with a trapezoidal guide block A which slides in a trapezoidal guide groove A at the bottom of the buoyancy tank; the trapezoidal guide block B arranged on the sliding block B slides in the trapezoidal guide groove B at the bottom of the floating box.
2. A floating aquaculture bioremediation floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the adsorption filter material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a ferrous solution with the concentration of 1.5-4.5 mo/L, wherein ferrous comprises but is not limited to ferrous sulfate and ferrous chloride;
step 2, directly immersing the finished product of the volcanic rock in the ferrous solution prepared in the step 1 for 2-10 hours;
step 3, taking out the vesuvianite, drying, then placing the vesuvianite into 1 to 2 mol/L of sucrose solution, and immersing for 0.1 to 1 minute;
and 4, taking the vesuvianite out, drying, and calcining at 500-600 ℃ for 10-30 minutes to obtain the adsorption filter material.
3. A floating aquaculture bioremediation floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the adsorption filter material is 1/3 to 1/5 of the volume of the cage net.
4. A floating aquaculture bioremediation floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the aquatic organism is one or more of scallop, mussel, corbicula and spirochaete.
5. A suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the active water area of a single set of the suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed is 5-10 square meters, and a plurality of sets of the suspended aquaculture bioremediation floating bed are connected in parallel for use when the water area is larger.
6. The method of using a floating aquaculture bioremediation floating bed of claim 2, wherein: step 1, putting a buoyancy tank and a scallop cage mechanism into a river water body, and fixing the buoyancy tank and the scallop cage mechanism at a stable position by using a positioning anchor; step 2, putting adsorption filter materials into each space separated by the interlayer mechanism in the scallop cage mechanism; step 3, putting aquatic organism seedlings into each space separated by the interlayer mechanism in the scallop cage mechanism; step 4, periodically taking out 1/3 to 1/2 of aquatic organisms according to the growth cycle of the aquatic organisms, and then adding new aquatic organism seedlings; and 5, the service cycle of the adsorption filter material is 0.5 to 1 year, when the service life is up, the filter material is taken out and calcined at 500 to 600 ℃ for 10 to 30 minutes, and then modified again by a specific preparation method of the adsorption filter material.
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