CN114668855B - 一种具有缓释效果的环糊精包合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有缓释效果的环糊精包合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
- A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
- A61K47/6951—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes using cyclodextrin
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有缓释效果的环糊精包合物及其制备方法,属于食品包装技术领域以及材料领域。本发明步骤如下:称取α‑CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水100ml,使其溶解形成α‑CD的水溶液。取0.26ml的BITC,再取0.26ml的无水乙醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α‑CD的水溶液中。烧杯置于磁力搅拌器中在65℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min。将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α‑CD‑BITC包合物粉末。本发明所述的包合物制备方法简单、可操作强,可用于抑制致病菌的生长,在延长产品货架期方面有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有缓释效果的环糊精包合物及其制备方法,属于食品包装技术领域以及材料领域。
背景技术
包埋是指将壁材通过一系列处理使其将芯材包合起来的技术手段,通常壁材能够给芯材提供一定的保护作用,且并不会影响芯材的本身的生物活性。壁材的物理化学性质在常温下一般比较稳定,一般含有环状的空腔结构,能使一些活性物质嵌入,目前全世界范围内使用最多的便是环糊精以及其衍生物。
环糊精(cyclodextrin,CD)在环状结构的中心具有空穴,内部有-CH-与葡萄糖甙结合的氧原子,呈硫水性,葡萄糖2位、3位和6位的-OH基呈亲水性,可通过微弱的范德华力将其他分子络合成包合物。能被环糊精包合的物质很多,包括稀有气体、卤素、染料、香料、药物、食品、农药和防腐剂等。包合后,其稳定性、挥发性、溶解性、反应性都有所改善。环糊精的这种特殊作用,使它成为具有广泛应用价值的包合材料。
异硫氰酸酯类香料主要来源于十字花科植物。ITCs由于其具有很强的抗菌和抗癌活性,对大肠杆菌有着相当强的抑制活性,还能够抑制鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的生长,但由于其不稳定易挥发等特性,采取包埋技术将其准备成包合物,提高其稳定性,增强抑菌效果并有缓释性能。
发明内容
[技术问题]
异硫氰酸酯类香料性质不稳定,易挥发。
[技术方案]
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明第一个目的是提供了一种将天然抑菌物质包合进α-环糊精制备成的方法,该方法将抑菌物质成功加入环糊精的空腔内,形成白色的包合物粉末,包合物结构稳定,能够有效改善硫化物挥发性快的缺陷,增强抑菌效果并有延长抑菌时间的缓释功能。
本发明是通过下列技术实现的:一种具有缓释效果的异硫氰酸酯类包合物的制备方法,所述方法包括以下方法:分别配制环糊精水溶液和异硫氰酸酯类物质的醇类溶液,将异硫氰酸酯类物质的醇类溶液滴加入环糊精水溶液中,加热搅拌均匀,之后干燥即可得到异硫氰酸酯类包合物。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,优选的环糊精为α-环糊精。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述异硫氰酸酯类物质为异硫氰酸苄酯(BITC)、异硫氰酸苯乙酯(PEITC)或异硫氰酸3-甲硫基丙酯(MTPITC)中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述醇类溶液中的溶剂为甲醇或乙醇的任一种,优选为乙醇。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述异硫氰酸酯类物质与环糊精的摩尔比为1~2:1~4。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述加热搅拌是在60~65℃下搅拌2~4h。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述加热搅拌后再进行超声处理20~40min。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述干燥是冷冻干燥。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,当异硫氰酸酯类物质为BITC时,所述BITC与环糊精的摩尔比优选为2:1。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,当异硫氰酸酯类物质为PEITC时,所述PEITC与环糊精的摩尔比优选为1:4。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,当异硫氰酸酯类物质为MTPITC时,所述MTPITC与环糊精的摩尔比优选为1:2。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述环糊精水溶液的浓度为20-30g/L,所述异硫氰酸酯类物质的醇类溶液中异硫氰酸酯类物质与醇类的体积比为1:1。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,当异硫氰酸酯类物质为BITC时,所述制备方法包括:精确称取2g的α-CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水100ml,使其溶解形成α-CD的水溶液;取0.26ml的BITC,再取0.26ml的无水乙醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α-CD的水溶液中;置于磁力搅拌器中在65℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min;将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α-CD-BITC包合物粉末。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,当异硫氰酸酯类物质为PEITC时时,所述制备方法包括:精确称取2g的α-CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水100ml,使其溶解形成α-CD的水溶液;取0.26ml的BITC,再取0.26ml的无水乙醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α-CD的水溶液中;置于磁力搅拌器中在60℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min;将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α-CD-PEITC包合物粉末。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,当异硫氰酸酯类物质为MTPITC时,所述制备方法包括:精确称取2g的α-CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水100ml,使其溶解形成α-CD的水溶液;取0.24ml的BITC,再取0.24ml的无水乙醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α-CD的水溶液中;置于磁力搅拌器中在65℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min;将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α-CD-BITC包合物粉末。
本发明利用上述方法制备得到了一种异硫氰酸酯类包合物。
本发明还提供了包含上述具有缓释效果的异硫氰酸酯类包合物的抑菌药物。
本发明第二个目的是将上述方法制备的异硫氰酸酯类包合物应用到制备抑菌药物中。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1.本方案制得的包合物热稳定性好,安全性高,克服了BITC、PEITC和MTPITC在常温下的不稳定性及易挥发性,作为缓释型包合物,可以应用于材料制备领域;
2.本发明包合物的制备方法简便易行、条件温和、适合工业化生产;
3.本方案中,环糊精高度对称结构和特有的空腔深度,可以和ITCS发生稳定的包合,使其具有缓释效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1~3分别制备得到的α-CD-BITC、α-CD-PEITC和α-CD-MTPITC的扫描电镜(SEM)图像,其中,溶剂为乙醇,(a)α-CD、(b)α-CD-BITC、(c)α-CD-PEITC、(d)α-CD-MTPITC。
图2为本发明实施例1~3制备的α-CD-BITC、α-CD-PEITC和α-CD-MTPITC红外傅里叶光谱(FIM)图像,其中,溶剂为乙醇,(a)α-CD、(b)α-CD-BITC、(c)α-CD-PEITC、(d)α-CD-MTPITC。
图3为本发明制备的α-CD-BITC、α-CD-PEITC和α-CD-MTPITC的X射线衍射图(XRD),其中,溶剂为乙醇,(a)α-CD、(b)α-CD-BITC、(c)α-CD-PEITC、(d)α-CD-MTPITC。
图4为本发明制备的-CD-BITC、α-CD-PEITC和α-CD-MTPITC的热重分析图(TGA)。
图5为本发明制备的BITC,α-CD-BITC、PEITC、α-CD-PEITC、MTPITC和α-CD-MTPITC的抑菌圈。
图6为本发明制备的BITC、α-CD-BITC和β-CD-BITC的抑菌圈。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
包埋率的计算公式:
式中,w为包合效率(%),V2为包合物中ITCs的总含量,V1为包合物表面ITCs的含量。(已提供)
稳定性测试
取实施例1、2和3所制备的包合物作为测试品,将未经过包埋的BITC、PEITC和MTPITC作为对照,分别在30-700℃间,进行TGA检测,以获得包合物的热稳定性和失重程度。
抑菌性测试
取实施例1、2和3所制备的包合物作为测试品,将沙门氏菌做阴性对照,BITC,PEITC和MTPITC作为阳性对照,计算每克包合物中各ITCs的含量,控制每个平板内加入的有效硫化物的含量为1μmol。再以二甲基亚砜为溶剂,配置浓度为0.1mol/L的ITCs溶液。取培养12h的新鲜菌液,稀释一百倍后,用移液枪吸取100μl稀释后的菌液滴加到新鲜的固体培养基上,再用涂布棒将菌液均匀的涂满至整个平板。然后在平板内加入1μmol的ITCs以及含有效硫化物为1μmol的包合物于平板中央,以未添加抑制剂的为空白组,最后将平板放入37℃的培养箱中培养一周。每隔1d对平板进行拍照,并测量其抑菌圈。
实施例1:α-环糊精和BITC包合物的制备
精确称取20g的α-CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水1000ml,使其溶解形成α-CD的水溶液。用无水乙醇作为BITC的溶剂。取2.6ml的BITC,再取2.6ml的无水乙醇或2.6ml的甲醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α-CD的水溶液中。烧杯置于磁力搅拌器中在65℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min。将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α-CD-BITC包合物粉末,其中,BITC与环糊精物质的量之比为2:1。
当溶剂为乙醇或甲醇制备得到的α-CD-BITC包合物的包埋率见表1,可见,当选用乙醇作为溶剂时,环糊精对于BITC的包合效果更好,包埋率可达95%。
表1不同醇类溶剂对BITC的包埋效果的影响
实施例2:环糊精和PEITC包合物的制备
称取40g的α-CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水2000ml,使其溶解形成α-CD的水溶液。用无水乙醇作为PEITC的溶剂。取5.2ml的PEITC,再取5.2ml的无水乙醇或5.2ml的甲醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α-CD的水溶液中。烧杯置于磁力搅拌器中在60℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min。将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α-CD-PEITC包合物粉末。PEITC与环糊精物质的量之比为1:4。
当溶剂为乙醇或甲醇制备得到的α-CD-PEITC包合物的包埋率见表2,可见,当选用乙醇作为溶剂时,环糊精对于PEITC的包合效果更好,包埋率可达75%。
表2不同醇类溶剂对PEITC的包埋效果的影响
实施例3:环糊精和MTPITC包合物的制备
称取10g的α-CD,置于烧杯中,加去离子水500ml,使其溶解形成α-CD的水溶液。用无水乙醇作为MTPITC的溶剂。取1.3ml的MTPITC,再取1.3ml的无水乙醇或1.3ml的甲醇逐滴缓慢滴加到α-CD的水溶液中。烧杯置于磁力搅拌器中在65℃下搅拌3小时,超声处理20min。将处理好的水溶液放入﹣80℃的冰箱中,待完全冰冻之后,放入到真空冻干机中真空冻干48h,即可得到干燥的α-CD-MTPITC包合物粉末。MTPITC与环糊精物质的量之比为1:2。
当溶剂为乙醇或甲醇制备得到的α-CD-MTPITC包合物的包埋率见表3,可见,当选用乙醇作为溶剂时,环糊精对于MTPITC的包合效果更好,包埋率可达76%。
表3不同醇类溶剂对MTPITC的包埋效果的影响
对比例1
参照实施例1,将α-CD替换为β-CD,其余条件不变,制备得到β-CD-BITC。
从图5可知,制备的α-CD与β-CD包合物对比,发现α-CD包合物的抑菌效果由于β-CD。
在图6中,空白对照组在1天后同样长满了菌,而添加BITC和其包合物的实验组在1天后出现了明显的抑菌圈。随着时间的推移,在第3天和第5天BITC和BITC包合物的抑菌圈变小,但包合物依旧大于BITC;PEITC的包合物也出现了缓释效果。培养1天时,对照组无抑菌圈,MTPITC实验组无明显抑菌圈,而添加MTPITC包合物的实验组出现了抑菌圈,经过3天后,依然存在,一直到第5天依旧存在。MTPITC的包合物显示出了比较明显的缓释效果。培养1天时,对照组无抑菌圈,MTPITC实验组无明显抑菌圈,而添加MTPITC包合物的实验组出现了抑菌圈,经过3天后,依然存在,一直到第5天,添加到MTPITC包合物的实验组抑菌圈直径依然为0.7cm。
结合BITC及其包合物的抑菌圈可以发现,添加包合物的抑菌圈在第一天下降的速度最快,随着培养的时间越长,下降的速度慢慢变小,体现了BITC、PEITC和MTPITC在α-CD中缓释的效果。通过缓释实验,首先能总结出三种硫化物抑菌能力的强弱,BITC抑制效果最好,MTPITC的抑制效果其次,PEITC次之。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (2)
1.一种具有缓释效果的异硫氰酸酯类包合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下方法:分别配制环糊精水溶液和异硫氰酸酯类物质的醇类溶液,将异硫氰酸酯类物质的醇类溶液滴加入环糊精水溶液中,加热搅拌均匀,之后干燥即可得到异硫氰酸酯类包合物;
所述环糊精为α-环糊精;
所述异硫氰酸酯类物质为异硫氰酸3-甲硫基丙酯;
异硫氰酸苄酯与环糊精的摩尔比为1:2;
所述环糊精水溶液的浓度为20g/L,所述异硫氰酸酯类物质的醇类溶液中异硫氰酸酯类物质与醇类的体积比为1:1。
2.权利要求1所述异硫氰酸酯类包合物在制备抑菌药物中的应用。
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