CN114667286A - 用于治疗自身免疫性疾病的三氮杂三环类化合物 - Google Patents
用于治疗自身免疫性疾病的三氮杂三环类化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114667286A CN114667286A CN202080079301.1A CN202080079301A CN114667286A CN 114667286 A CN114667286 A CN 114667286A CN 202080079301 A CN202080079301 A CN 202080079301A CN 114667286 A CN114667286 A CN 114667286A
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- trien
- compound
- carbonitrile
- triazacyclo
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- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 title description 4
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- -1 pyrrolidinyloxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 99
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
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- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本发明涉及可用于哺乳动物的治疗和/或预防的有机化合物,尤其涉及可用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮或狼疮肾炎的TLR7和/或TLR8和/或TLR9的拮抗剂。
技术领域
自身免疫性结缔组织病(CTD)包括典型的自身免疫综合征,诸如系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、原发性干燥综合征(pSjS)、混合性结缔组织病(MCTD)、皮肌炎/多发性肌炎(DM/PM)、类风湿关节炎(RA)和系统性硬化症(SSc)。除RA以外,对患者来说,没有真正有效且安全的疗法。SLE代表典型的CTD,其患病率为20-150/100,000,并在不同器官引起广泛的炎症和组织损伤,从皮肤和关节的常见症状到肾、肺或心力衰竭。传统上,SLE已使用非特异性抗炎药或免疫抑制剂进行治疗。但是,长期使用免疫抑制药物,例如,皮质类固醇仅部分有效,并伴有非预期毒性和副作用。贝利尤单抗是过去50年中唯一获得FDA批准的用于狼疮的药物,尽管仅对部分SLE患者具有适度延迟的疗效(Navarra,S.V.等人,Lancet2011,377,721.)。其他生物制剂,诸如抗CD20 mAb、抗特定细胞因子的mAb或其可溶受体,在大多数临床研究中均失败了。因此,需要新型疗法,其在更大比例的患者群组中提供持续改善,并且对于在许多自身免疫以及自身炎症性疾病中的长期使用而言更安全。
Toll样受体(TLR)是模式识别受体(PRR)的重要家族,可以引发多种免疫细胞产生广泛的免疫应答。核内体TLR 7、TLR8和TLR9作为天然的宿主防御传感器,可识别衍生自病毒、细菌的核酸;具体地,TLR7/TLR8和TLR9分别识别单链RNA(ssRNA)和单链CpG-DNA。然而,TRL7、8、9的异常核酸传感被认为是广泛的自身免疫和自身炎性疾病的关键节点(Krieg,A.M.等人,Immunol.Rev.2007,220,251.Jiménez-Dalmaroni,M.J.等人,AutoimmunRev.2016,15,1.Chen,J.Q.等人,Clinical Reviews in Allergy&Immunology 2016,50,1.)。抗RNA和抗DNA抗体是SLE的公认诊断标志,这些抗体可以将自身RNA和自身DNA两者传递至内体。自身RNA复合物可以被TLR7和TLR8识别,而自身DNA复合物可以触发TLR9活化。实际上,在SLE(系统性红斑狼疮)患者中,自身RNA和自身DNA从血液和/或组织中的缺陷清除很明显。据报道,TLR7和TLR9在SLE组织中被上调,并分别与狼疮性肾炎的慢性和活性有关。在SLE患者的B细胞中,TLR7表达与抗RNP抗体的产生相关,而TLR9表达与IL-6和抗dsDNA抗体水平相关。一致地,在狼疮小鼠模型中,抗RNA抗体需要TLR7,抗核小体抗体需要TLR9。另一方面,小鼠中TLR7或人TLR8的过度表达会促进自身免疫和自身炎症。此外,TLR8的活化特别有助于mDC/巨噬细胞的炎症性细胞因子分泌,嗜中性粒细胞胞外捕网过程(NETosis),Th17细胞的诱导和Treg细胞的抑制。除了描述的TLR9在促进B细胞自身抗体产生中的作用外,pDC中通过自身DNA活化TLR9还会导致诱导I型IFN和其他炎症性细胞因子。考虑到pDC和B细胞两者中TLR9的这些作用,它们都是自身免疫性疾病发病机理的关键因素,而且在许多自身免疫性疾病患者中大量存在可轻易活化TLR9的自身DNA复合物,在抑制TLR7和TLR8途径基础之上,它对于进一步阻断自身DNA介导的TLR9途径可能具有额外益处。总之,TLR7、8和9途径代表了治疗自身免疫性疾病和自身炎症性疾病的新治疗靶点,针对这些疾病,不存在有效的不含类固醇和无细胞毒性的口服药物,并且从极上游就抑制了所有这些途径可能会带来令人满意的治疗效果。因此,我们发明了靶向和抑制TLR7、TLR8和TLR9的口服化合物,用于治疗自身免疫性疾病和自身炎症性疾病。
发明内容
本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)的新型化合物,
其中
R2为H或C1-6烷基;
R3为5-7元单环芳基或杂芳基;或7-12元双环杂环基;
X为CH并且Y为N;或X为N并且Y为CH;
或其药用盐。
本发明的另一目的涉及式(I)或(Ia)的新型化合物。它们的生产、基于根据本发明化合物的药物及其制备以及式(I)或(Ia)的化合物作为TLR7和/或TLR8和/或TLR9拮抗剂的用途,及用于治疗或预防系统性红斑狼疮或狼疮肾炎的用途。式(I)或(Ia)的化合物显示出优异的TLR7和TLR8和TLR9拮抗活性。另外,式(I)或式(Ia)的化合物还显示出良好的细胞毒性、光毒性、溶解性、hPBMC、人微粒体稳定性和SDPK特征,以及低CYP抑制作用。
具体实施方式
定义
术语“C1-6烷基”表示含有1至6个,特别是1至4个碳原子的饱和、直链或支链烷基,例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基等。特别地,“C1-6烷基”基团为甲基、乙基和正丙基。
术语“卤素”和“卤基”在本文中可互换使用,表示氟、氯、溴或碘。
术语“芳基”表示具有5至12个环原子的芳族烃单价或双环体系。芳基的实例包括但不限于苯基和萘基。芳基可进一步被取代基取代,这些取代基包括但不限于C1-6烷基;3,4,4a,5,7,7a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪基;1,4-二氮杂环庚烷基;被C1-6烷基取代的2,6-二氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基;5-氧杂-2,8-二氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基;氨基-1,4-氧氮杂环庚烷基;被一个或两个独立地选自氨基和C1-6烷基的取代基取代的氮杂环丁烷基;未被取代或被C1-6烷基取代的哌嗪基;以及被一个或两个独立地选自氨基、C1-6烷氧基和卤素的取代基取代的吡咯烷基。
术语“杂芳基”表示具有5个至12个环原子的芳族杂环的单环或双环体系,其包含1、2、3或4个选自N、O和S的杂原子,剩余的环原子是碳。杂芳基部分的实例包括但不限于吡咯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、咪唑基、噁唑基、噻唑基、三唑基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、四唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、异噁唑基、苯并呋喃基、异噻唑基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、异苯并呋喃基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噁唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并噁二唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并三唑基、嘌呤基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、喹唑啉基或喹噁啉基。杂芳基可进一步被取代基取代,这些取代基包括但不限于C1-6烷基;3,4,4a,5,7,7a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪基;1,4-二氮杂环庚烷基;被C1-6烷基取代的2,6-二氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基;5-氧杂-2,8-二氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基;氨基-1,4-氧氮杂环庚烷基;被一个或两个独立地选自氨基和C1-6烷基的取代基取代的氮杂环丁烷基;未被取代或被C1-6烷基取代的哌嗪基;以及被一个或两个独立地选自氨基、C1-6烷氧基和卤素的取代基取代的吡咯烷基。
术语“杂环基”或“杂环”表示具有3至12个环原子的单价饱和或部分不饱和的单环或双环体系,其包含1至5个选自N、O和S的杂原子,剩余的环原子是碳。在特定的实施例中,杂环基是4至7个环原子的单价饱和的单环系统,其包含1、2或3个选自N、O和S的环杂原子,剩余的环原子为碳。单环饱和杂环基的实例为氮丙啶基、环氧乙烷基、氮杂环丁烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、吡咯烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢-噻吩基、吡唑烷基、咪唑烷基、噁唑烷基、异噁唑烷基、噻唑烷基、哌啶基、四氢吡喃基、四氢噻喃基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、1,1-二氧代-硫代吗啉-4-基、氮杂环庚烷基、二氮杂环庚烷基、高哌嗪基、氧氮杂环庚烷基。双环饱和杂环的实例为氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛基、奎宁环基、氧氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基、氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基、氧氮杂-双环[3.3.1]壬烷基、氮杂双环[3.1.0]己烷基、氧代二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基、乙酰氧代二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基、噻氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基、氧代氮杂螺[2.4]庚烷基、氧代氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基、氧代氮杂双环[3.1.0]己烷基和二氧代四氢吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪基。双环杂环基的实例包括,但不限于1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基;5,6,7,8-四氢-1,6-萘啶基;5,6,7,8-四氢-1,7-萘啶基;5,6,7,8-四氢-2,6-萘啶基;5,6,7,8-四氢-2,7-萘啶基;异吲哚啉基;3,3a,4,5,6,6a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡咯基;9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基;2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基;1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷基;2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基。杂环基可以进一步被氨基、羟基、C1-6烷基或C1-6烷氧基取代。
术语“杂芳基氧基”表示杂芳基氧基-O-。
术语“药用盐”表示在生物学上或其他方面不是不期望的盐。“药用盐”包括酸加成盐和碱加成盐两者。
“药用酸加成盐”是指与无机酸和有机酸形成的那些药用盐,所述无机酸诸如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、碳酸、磷酸等,所述有机酸可以选自脂肪族、脂环族、芳族、芳脂族、杂环、羧酸和磺酸类有机酸,诸如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、葡萄糖酸、乳酸、丙酮酸、草酸、苹果酸、马来酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、天冬氨酸、抗坏血酸、谷氨酸、邻氨基苯甲酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、双羟萘酸、苯乙酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、和水杨酸等。
术语“药用碱加成盐”表示与有机或无机碱形成的那些药用盐。可接受的无机碱的示例包括钠、钾、铵、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰和铝盐。衍生自药用有机无毒碱的盐包括伯胺、仲胺和叔胺,取代胺(包括天然存在的取代胺)、环胺和碱性离子交换树脂(诸如异丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、乙醇胺、2-二乙氨基乙醇、氨丁三醇、二环己胺,赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸、咖啡因、普鲁卡因、哈胺(hydrabamine)、胆碱、甜菜碱、乙二胺、葡糖胺、甲基葡糖胺、可可碱、嘌呤、哌嗪、哌啶、N-乙基哌啶和多胺树脂)的盐。
术语“药物活性代谢物”表示通过特定化合物或其盐在体内的代谢产生的药理活性产物。进入人体后,大多数药物均是化学反应的底物,可能改变其物理性质和生物学效应。这些通常影响本发明化合物极性的代谢转化改变了药物在体内分布和从体内排泄的方式。然而,在某些情况下,药物代谢是治疗效果所必需的。
术语“治疗有效量”是表示本发明的化合物或分子的量,当将其施用于受试者时,(i)治疗或预防特定疾病、病症或疾患,(ii)减弱、改善或消除特定疾病、病症或疾患的一种或多种症状,或(iii)预防或延迟本文所述的特定疾病、病症或疾患的一种或多种症状的发作。治疗有效量取决于化合物,所治疗的疾病状态,所治疗疾病的严重程度,受试者的年龄和相对健康状况,给药途径和形式,主治医学或兽医的判断和其他因素。
术语“药物组合物”表示包含治疗有效量的活性药物成分和一起施用于有此需要的哺乳动物(例如人)的药用赋形剂的混合物或溶液。
TLR7和/或TLR8和/或TLR9的拮抗剂
本发明涉及(i),其是式(I)化合物,
其中
R2为H或C1-6烷基;
R3为5-7元单环芳基或杂芳基;杂芳基氧基或7-12元双环杂环基;
X为CH并且Y为N;或X为N并且Y为CH;
或其药用盐。
本发明的又一个实施例为(ii),其为根据(i)所述的式(I)化合物,其中
R2为H或C1-6烷基;
R3是1,4-二氮杂环庚烷基;1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷基;2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基;2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基;3,3a,4,5,6,6a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡咯基;9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基;氨基(C1-6烷氧基)哌啶基;氨基(C1-6烷基)哌啶基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;哌嗪基;哌啶;吡咯烷基氧基或哌啶基氧基;
X为CH并且Y为N;或X为N并且Y为CH;
或其药用盐。
本发明的另一个实施例是(iii),其为具有式(Ia)的化合物,
其中
R2为H或C1-6烷基;
R3为1,4-二氮杂环庚烷基;1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷基;2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基;2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基;3,3a,4,5,6,6a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡咯基;9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基;氨基(C1-6烷氧基)哌啶基;氨基(C1-6烷基)哌啶基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;哌嗪基;哌啶基;吡咯烷基氧基或哌啶基氧基;
X为CH并且Y为N;或X为N并且Y为CH;
或其药用盐。
本发明的另一个实施例为(v),其为根据(i)至(iv)中任一者所述的式(I)或(Ia)化合物,其中R2为C1-6烷基。
本发明的另一个实施例为(vi),其为根据(i)至(v)中任一者所述的式(I)或(Ia)化合物或其药用盐,其中R2为甲基。
本发明的另一个实施例为(vii),其为根据(i)至(vi)、中任一项的式(I)或(Ia)化合物或其药用盐,其中R3是2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;吡咯烷基氧基;哌啶基氧基或9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基。
本发明的另一个实施例为(viii),其为根据(i)至(vii)、中任一项的式(I)或(Ia)化合物或其药用盐,其中R3是2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基;3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基;3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基;吡咯烷-3-基氧基;4-哌啶基氧基或9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-基。
本发明的另一个实施例为(ix),其为根据(i)至(viii)中任一者所述的式(I)或(Ia)化合物或其药用盐,其中X为N并且Y为CH。
本发明的另一个实施例为(x),其为根据(i)至(ix)中任一者所述的式(I)或(Ia)化合物或其药用盐,其中
R2为C1-6烷基;
R3为2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;吡咯烷基氧基;哌啶基氧基或9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基;
X为N;
Y为CH;
或其药用盐。
本发明的另一个实施例为(xi),其为根据(i)至(x)中任一者所述的式(I)或(Ia)化合物或其药用盐,其中
R2为甲基;
R3为2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基;3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基;3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基;吡咯烷-3-基氧基;4-哌啶基氧基或9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-基;
X为N;
Y为CH;
或其药用盐。
本发明的另一个实施例为式(I)或(Ia)化合物,其选自以下化合物:
5-(11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2R)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2R)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R)-3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S)-3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-(2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷-6-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3aS,6aS)-3,3a,4,5,6,6a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡咯-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4R)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4S)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S,4S)-3-氨基-4-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4R)-3-氨基-4-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1R,4R)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-9-基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-(1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈;
4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基氧基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;和
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-[(3S)-吡咯烷-3-基]氧基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
或其药用盐。
合成
本发明的化合物可以通过任何常规方法制备。在以下方案和示例中提供了合成这些化合物及其原料的合适方法。除非另有说明,否则所有取代基,特别是R1至R3、X和Y如上所定义。此外,除非另有明确说明,否则所有反应、反应条件、缩写和符号均具有有机化学领域普通技术人员众所周知的含义。
制备式(I)化合物的一般合成路线如下所示。
方案1
其中W和Z为卤素或离去基团,例如OTf或OMs;X为CH并且Y为N,或X为N并且Y为CH;R7是保护基,例如Boc或苄基。
式(II)化合物可用作常用中间体,在金属催化的偶联条件下(诸如Buchwald-Hartwig胺化、Suzuki偶联、Negishi偶联,Stille偶联或Pd催化的C=O插入)进一步官能化以得到式(III)化合物。例如,在Buchwald-Hartwig胺化条件下(参考文献:Acc.Chem.Res.1998,31,805-818;Chem.Rev.2016,116,12564-12649;Topics in CurrentChemistry,2002,219,131-209;和其中引用的参考文献),使用催化剂诸如Ruphos Pd-G2和碱诸如Cs2CO3。在典型条件下(例如,通过在催化量碳载钯上加氢脱除苄基保护基)对R7基团进行选择性脱保护后,可以将所得的具有式(IV)的化合物置于亲核芳族取代条件(例如,在DMSO中在DIEPA存在下与卤化物(V)加热)或Buchwald-Hartwig胺化条件(例如在催化剂(诸如Ruphos Pd-G2)和碱(诸如Cs2CO3)存在下与卤化物(V)加热,以得到式(I)或式(Ia)的化合物。在一些实施例中,式(IV)的化合物可以包含保护基,例如Boc,将其除去,得到最终的式(I)或(Ia)化合物。
方案2
可替代地,如方案2中所示,在R7通过选择性脱保护从式(VI)化合物中除去后,所得式(VII)化合物可以与卤化物(V)在碱例如DIEPA或Buchwald-Hartwig胺化条件(例如在催化剂(诸如Ruphos Pd-G2)和碱(诸如Cs2CO3)存在下与卤化物(V)加热,通过亲核芳族取代来反应以得到式(VIII)化合物。式(VIII)化合物可通过官能团转换转化为式(IX)化合物,例如在盐酸三甲胺存在下与POCl3加热过夜。式(I)或式(Ia)化合物可通过金属催化的偶联条件从式(IX)化合物获得:在催化剂(诸如Ruphos Pd-G2)和碱(诸如Cs2CO3)存在下用胺HR3进行Buchwald-Hartwig胺化;在钯催化剂(诸如四(三苯基膦)钯(0)或[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(Ii))钯存在下,与二氯甲烷和碱(诸如碳酸钾)在溶剂中复合,而与R3-硼酸、R3-硼酸酯进行Suzuki偶联;用二氯甲烷和碱,例如碳酸钾在溶剂中;在钯(0)催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯(0))存在下,与有机锡试剂进行Stille偶联;或在钯(0)催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯(0)或[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II))的存在下与有机锌试剂进行Negishi偶联。在一些实施例中,保护基,例如Boc,将其除去,得到最终的式(I)或(Ia)化合物。
式(Ia)化合物可根据方案1或2使用手性起始材料来合成。
本发明的化合物可以以非对映体或对映体的混合物形式获得,它们可以通过本领域熟知的方法分离,例如,(手性)HPLC或SFC。
本发明还涉及制备式(I)或(Ia)的化合物的方法,该方法包括以下步骤中的任一者:
其中R1至R3如上定义;X为CH并且Y为N,或X为N并且Y为CH;W和Z为卤素或离去基团。
式(Ia)化合物也可以根据方案1和2通过使用手性中间体合成。
根据上述方法生产的式(I)或(Ia)的化合物也是本发明的目的。
适应症和治疗方法
本发明提供了可以用作TLR7和/或TLR8和/或TLR9拮抗剂的化合物,其抑制通过TLR7和/或TLR8和/或TLR9通路的活化以及相应的下游生物学事件,包括但不限于通过产生所有类型的细胞因子和各种形式的自身抗体介导的先天性和适应性免疫应答。因此,本发明的化合物可用于在表达此类受体的所有类型的细胞中阻断TLR7和/或TLR8和/或TLR9,所述细胞包括但不限于浆细胞样树突细胞、B细胞、T细胞、巨噬细胞、单核细胞、中性粒细胞、角质形成细胞、上皮细胞。如此,该化合物可用作系统性红斑狼疮和狼疮肾炎的治疗剂或预防剂。
本发明提供了治疗或预防有需要的患者的系统性红斑狼疮和狼疮肾炎的方法。
另一实施例包括治疗或预防需要这种治疗的哺乳动物中系统性红斑狼疮和狼疮肾炎的方法,其中所述方法包括向所述哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的式(I)的化合物、其立体异构体、互变异构体、前药或药用盐。
实例
通过参考以下实例将更全面地理解本发明。但是,它们不应被解释为限制本发明的范围。
缩写
通过参考以下实例将更全面地理解本发明。但是,它们不应被解释为限制本发明的范围。
本文使用的缩写如下:
ACN: 乙腈
DCM: 二氯甲烷
DCE: 二氯乙烷
DIPEA或DIEA: N,N-二异丙基乙胺
DMF: N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
EA或EtOAc: 乙酸乙酯
FA: 甲酸
HATU: 1-[双(二甲基氨基)亚甲基]-1H-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶鎓3-氧化六氟磷酸盐
IC50: 半抑制浓度
IPA: 异丙醇
MS: 质谱
prep-HPLC: 制备型高效液相色谱
prep-TLC: 制备型薄层色谱
RuPhos Pd G2: 氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',6'-二异丙氧基-1,1'-联苯)[2-(2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯)]钯(II)第2代
选择性氟试剂 1-氯甲基-4-氟-1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷双(四氟硼酸酯)
SFC: 超临界流体色谱
TEA: 三甲胺
TFA: 三氟乙酸
THF: 四氢呋喃
XantPhos: 4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽
v/v 体积比
一般实验条件
使用以下仪器中的一个仪器通过快速色谱法纯化中间体和最终化合物:i)Biotage SP1系统和Quad 12/25Cartridge模块。ii)ISCO combi-flash色谱仪。硅胶品牌和孔径:i)KP-SIL粒径:40-60μm;ii)CAS登录号:硅胶:63231-67-4,粒径:47-60微米硅胶;iii)青岛海洋化学有限公司的ZCX,孔:200-300或300-400。
中间体和最终化合物在反相色谱柱上通过制备型HPLC纯化,反相色谱柱使用XBridgeTM Prep-C18(5μm,OBDTM 30×100mm)色谱柱,SunFireTM Prep-C18(5μm,OBDTM 30×100mm)色谱柱,Phenomenex Synergi-C18(10μm,25×150mm)或Phenomenex Gemini-C18(10μm,25×150mm)。Waters AutoP纯化系统(样品管理器2767,泵2525,检测器:Micromass ZQ和UV 2487,溶剂系统:乙腈和0.1%氢氧化铵在水中的溶液;乙腈和0.1%FA在水中的溶液,或乙腈和0.1%TFA在水中的溶液)。或Gilson-281纯化系统(泵322,检测器:UV 156,溶剂系统:乙腈和0.05%氢氧化铵在水中的溶液;乙腈和0.225%FA在水中的溶液;乙腈和0.05%HCl在水中的溶液;乙腈和0.075%TFA在水中的溶液;或乙腈和水)。
为了进行SFC手性分离,中间体分离通过手性柱(Daicel chiralpak IC,5μm,30×250mm)、AS(10μm,30×250mm)或AD(10μm,30×250mm),使用Mettler Toledo MultigramIII系统SFC、Waters 80Q制备型SFC或Thar 80制备型SFC,溶剂系统:CO2和IPA(0.5%TEA的IPA溶液)或CO2和MeOH(0.1%NH3·H2O的MeOH溶液),背压100bar,在254或220nm处检测UV。
使用LC/MS(WatersTM Alliance 2795-Micromass ZQ、Shimadzu Alliance2020-Micromass ZQ或Agilent Alliance 6110-Micromass ZQ)获得化合物的LC/MS光谱,LC/MS条件如下(运行时间3或1.5分钟):
酸性条件I:A:0.1%TFA在H2O中的溶液;B:0.1%TFA在乙腈中的溶液;
酸性条件II:A:0.0375%TFA在H2O中的溶液;B:0.01875%TFA在乙腈中的溶液;
碱性条件I:A:0.1%NH3·H2O在H2O中的溶液;B:乙腈;
碱性条件II:A:0.025%NH3·H2O在H2O中的溶液;B:乙腈;
中性条件:A:H2O;B:乙腈。
质谱(MS):通常仅报告表示母体质量的离子,除非另有说明,否则所引用的质量离子为正质量离子(MH)+。
使用Bruker Avance 400MHz获得NMR谱。
微波辅助反应在Biotage Initiator Sixty微波合成仪中进行。所有涉及对空气敏感的试剂的反应均在氩气或氮气气氛下进行。除非另有说明,否则试剂按从商业供应商处获得的原样使用,未经进一步纯化。
制备实例
以下实例旨在说明本发明的含义,但绝不代表对本发明含义的限制:
中间体A1
5-氟喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备8-溴-5-氟-喹啉(化合物A1.2)
在100mL梨形烧瓶中,将2-溴-5-氟苯胺(化合物A1.1,2.0g,10.5mmol)、丙烷-1,2,3-三醇(969mg,10.5mmol)和3-硝基苯磺酸钠(2.4g,10.5)与70%H2SO4(20mL)合并,得到深褐色溶液,将溶液加热至150℃并搅拌3小时。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物倒入冰水中,并用氢氧化钠溶液中和。过滤所得混合物。将滤饼溶解在EtOAc中并过滤。将得到的滤液真空浓缩。粗物质通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至30%EtOAc的PE溶液),得到化合物A1.2(2.0g,84%收率)。MS:计算值226和228[(M+H)+],测量值为226和228[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备5-氟喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体A1)
向8-溴-5-氟喹啉(化合物A1.2,4.9g,21.7mmol)的DMF(30mL)溶液中加入双氰锌(5.0g,43.4mmol)和RuPhos Pd G2(CAS:1375325-68-0,西格玛奥德里奇,目录:753246,842mg,1.1mmol)。将反应混合物在100℃下搅拌3小时,然后冷却至室温。过滤反应混合物,并将滤液用水(50ml)稀释,然后用EA(80mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至70%的EtOAc在PE中),得到中间体A1(3.0g,80%收率)。MS:计算值173[(M+H)+],测量值为173[(M+H)+]。1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.11(dd,J=4.28,1.71Hz,1H),8.64(dd,J=8.56,1.71Hz,1H),8.29(dd,J=8.19,5.62Hz,1H),7.76(dd,J=8.56,4.28Hz,1H),7.49(dd,J=9.35,8.25Hz,1H).
中间体A2
2-氘代-5-氟-喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备N-(2-溴-5-氟-苯基)-3,3-二甲氧基-丙酰胺(化合物A2.2)
向2-溴-5-氟苯胺(化合物A2.1,50g,263mmol)和3,3-二甲氧基丙酸甲酯(45mL,316mmol)的THF(150mL)溶液,在0℃滴加NaHMDS的THF(1N,394mL,394mmol)溶液。将所得混合物在0℃搅拌10分钟,然后将其加热至15℃并搅拌18小时。用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭反应,浓缩至约300mL。将所得混合物用水稀释,并且用EtOAc萃取。有机层用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,得到化合物A2.2(100g,90%收率)。MS:计算值306[(M+H)+],测量值为306[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备8-溴-5-氟-1H-喹啉-2-酮(化合物A2.3)
在0℃向N-(2-溴-5-氟-苯基)-3,3-二甲氧基-丙酰胺(化合物A2.2,100g,238mmol)在DCM(500mL)中的溶液中加入浓硫酸(300mL)。将混合物在15℃搅拌2小时,然后将其缓慢倒入2000mL冰水中,并且出现黄色沉淀。过滤混合物,并将湿饼用500mL水,200mL异丙醇和300mL PE洗涤。收集固体并且真空干燥,得到化合物A2.3(50g,86.5%收率)。MS:计算值242[(M+H)+],测量值为242[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备5-氟-2-氧代-1H-喹啉-8-甲腈(化合物A2.4)
将8-溴-5-氟-1H-喹啉-2-酮(化合物A2.3,50g,206mmol)、氰化锌(4820mg,412mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(2428mg,21mmol)在DMF(30mL)中的溶液在120℃搅拌5小时。冷却后,将反应用水(300mL)猝灭,用EA(100mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化,得到化合物A2.4(29g,74.5%收率)。MS:计算值189[(M+H)+],测量值为189[(M+H)+]。
步骤(d):制备(8-氰基-5-氟-2-喹啉基)三氟甲磺酸酯(化合物A2.5)
向5-氟-2-氧代-1H-喹啉-8-甲腈(化合物A2.4,17g,90mmol)和2,6-二甲基吡啶(39g,361mmol)的DCM(500mL)溶液,在0℃滴加三氟甲磺酸酐(51g,181mmol)。将混合物在0℃搅拌1小时,然后将反应混合物用水稀释,用DCM萃取。将有机层在真空中浓缩。将残余物通过快速柱纯化,得到化合物A2.5(23.0g,80%收率)。MS:计算值321[(M+H)+],测量值为321[(M+H)+]。
步骤(e):制备2-氘代-5-氟-喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体A2)
向(8-氰基-5-氟-2-喹啉基)三氟甲磺酸酯(化合物A2.5,23g,72mmol)和氧化氘(100mL)的THF(230mL)溶液,加入碳酸钾(20g,144mmol)和Pd/C(6g)。将混合物在氘气氛(气球)下在40℃搅拌5小时。将反应经硅藻土过滤,用DCM洗涤并将滤液在真空中浓缩。残余物通过快速柱纯化,得到中间体A2(11g,87.8%收率)。MS:计算值174[(M+H)+],测量值为174[(M+H)+]。
中间体A3
4-氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸胺(化合物A3.2)
(1E)-N-(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)磺酰氧基乙亚胺酸乙酯溶液(化合物A3.1,CAS:38202-27-6,Bide Pharmatech,目录:BD129455,200g,700mmol)的1,4-二噁烷(500mL)溶液,在0℃在30分钟内滴加高氯酸(110mL),并搅拌1小时。加入1000mL冰水,并将混合物过滤。将滤饼溶解在1.5LEtOAc中,然后搅拌30分钟。浓缩有机层(保持温度低于25℃),得到粗产物。将粗产物重结晶(石油/EtOAc=10/1),得到化合物A3.2(110g,73%收率)。MS:计算值216[(M+H)+],测量值为216[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备2-溴-5-氟-吡啶-1-鎓-1-胺;2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸盐(化合物A3.3)
将2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸氨基酯(化合物A3.2,110g,511mmol)和2-溴-5-氟吡啶(60g,341mmol)的DCM(1800mL)溶液在10℃搅拌18小时。浓缩混合物,残余物在EtOAc中重结晶,得到化合物A3.3(90g,92%收率)。MS:计算值191[(M+H)+],测量值为191[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备7-溴-4-氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸乙酯(化合物A3.4)
2-溴-5-氟吡啶-1-鎓-1-胺,2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸盐(化合物A3.3,90g,230mmol),K2CO3(64g,460mmol)和丙酸乙酯(28mL,276mmol)的DMF(1300mL)溶液在10℃搅拌18小时。将反应用水稀释,用EtOAc萃取。有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并将滤液真空浓缩。残余物通过色谱柱纯化,得到化合物A3.4(11g,16.7%收率)。MS:计算值287[(M+H)+],测量值为287[(M+H)+]。
步骤(d):制备7-溴-4-氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶(化合物A3.5)
向7-溴-4-氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸乙酯(化合物A3.4,8.0g,26.7mmol)的乙酸(48mL)和水(48mL)的混合物,加入浓HCl(36mL,432mmol)。将混合物在100℃搅拌18小时,然后用水(200mL)稀释,用浓NaOH(1N)水溶液碱化至pH=8,并用EA(200mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,并真空浓缩,得到化合物A3.5(5g,86.9%收率),其直接用于下一步。MS:计算值215[(M+H)+],测量值为215[(M+H)+]。
步骤(e):制备4-氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈(中间体A3)
将7-溴-4-氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶(化合物A3.5,1000mg,4.6mmol),氰化锌(880mg,7.5mmol),锌(31mg,0.5mmol),XantPhos(1076mg,1.8mmol)和Pd(OAc)2(209mg,0.9mmol)在DMA(10mL)中的混合物,脱气并用氩气吹扫3次,然后将混合物在氩气气氛下在120℃搅拌1小时。冷却至室温后,将混合物用EA(150mL)稀释。经过滤,将过滤物用水(50mL)、盐水(50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,并在真空中浓缩。残余物通过Prep-TLC纯化(PE:EA=3:1)得到中间体A3(600mg,68%收率)。MS:计算值162[(M+H)+],测量值为162[(M+H)+]。
中间体A4
3,4-二氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):7-溴-4-氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸(化合物A4.1)的制备
将7-溴-4-氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸乙酯(化合物A3.4,5.2g,18.1mmol),NaOH(2.1g,54.3mmol)在EtOH(90mL)和水(70mL)中的混合物在60℃下搅拌2小时。浓缩反应混合物,然后用水稀释。用1NHCl调节pH至4后,沉淀出灰色固体,将其通过过滤收集以得到化合物A4.1(4.0g,85.6%收率)。MS:计算值259[(M+H)+],测量值为259[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备7-溴-3,4-二氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶(化合物A4.2)
向7-溴-4-氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲酸(化合物A4.1,4.0g,15.4mmol)和KF(3.6g,61.8mmol)在DCE(60mL)和水(50mL)的溶液,加入选择性氟试剂(10.9g,30.9mmol)。将反应在70℃搅拌18小时。至室温后,用水猝灭反应,用DCM萃取两次。合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并将滤液真空浓缩,得到粗化合物A4.2(2.8g,78%收率)。MS:计算值233[(M+H)+],测量值为233[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备3,4-二氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈(中间体A4)
向7-溴-3,4-二氟-吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶(化合物A4.2,2.8g,12.0mmol)和氰化锌(5.6g,48.0mmol)的DMF(70.0mL)溶液,加入四(三苯基膦)钯(1.4g,1.2mmol)。将反应混合物在氮气气氛下在120℃下搅拌18小时。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物用水稀释,并用EtOAc萃取两次。合并有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并将滤液真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化,得到中间体A4(810mg,37.7%收率)。MS:计算值180[(M+H)+],测量值为180[(M+H)+]。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3-d)δppm 8.00(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.31(dd,J=4.7,8.0Hz,1H),6.83(t,J=8.4Hz,1H).
中间体B1
(2R)-N1-苄基-N1-(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)丙烷-1,2-二胺
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备N-[(1R)-2-[苄基(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)氨基]-1-甲基-2-氧代乙基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(化合物B1.2)
向(2R)-2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)丙酸(化合物B1.1,10g,52.9mmol)的DMF(40mL)溶液中加入N-苄基-1-(三甲基甲硅烷基)甲胺(10.2g,52.9mmol),HATU(20.1g,52.9mmol)和DIEA(13.6g,18.4mL,105.8mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌过夜,然后用水(150mL)猝灭,并用DCM(100mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至30%的EtOAc在PE中),得到化合物B1.2(13.1g,68%收率)。MS:计算值365[(M+H)+],测量值为365[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备(2R)-2-氨基-N-苄基-N-(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)-丙酰胺(化合物B1.3)
向N-[(1R)-2-[苄基(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)氨基]-1-甲基-2-氧代乙基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(化合物B1.2,13g,35.7mmol)的DCM溶液(60mL)加入TFA(10mL)。将所得混合物在室温搅拌4小时,然后在真空中浓缩,并将残余物在饱和NaHCO3(水溶液)和EA之间分配。分离有机层,并将碱性水层用EA(80mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到化合物B1.3(9.1g,96%收率),无需进一步纯化。MS:计算值265[(M+H)+],测量值为265[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备(2R)-N1-苄基-N1-(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)丙烷-1,2-二胺(中间体B1)
向(2R)-2-氨基-N-苄基-N-(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)-丙酰胺(化合物B1.3,9.0g,34.0mmol)的无水THF(100mL)冰冷却溶液中缓慢加入LiAlH4(3.9g,102.0mmol)。加完后,将混合物加热回流过夜,然后冷却至室温,并用NaOH(10mL,20%水溶液)淬灭,然后过滤并用EtOAc洗涤。在真空浓缩合并的滤液,得到中间体B1(5.7g,67%收率),无需进一步纯化。MS:计算值251[(M+H)+],测量值为251[(M+H)+]。
中间体B2
N'-苄基-N'-(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)乙烷-1,2-二胺
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备2-[2-[苄基(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)氨基]乙基]异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(化合物B2.3)
将2-(2-溴乙基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(化合物B2.1,7.6g,30mmol),N-苄基-1-(三甲基甲硅烷基)甲胺(化合物B2.2,6.4g,33mmol)和K2CO3(8.3g,60mmol)在乙腈(120mL)中的混合物回流加热24小时。将反应冷却至室温,过滤,用DCM洗涤。将合并的滤液浓缩并通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,80g,0%至10%EA的PE溶液),得到化合物B2.3(7.0g,63.7%收率)。MS:计算值367[(M+H)+],测量值为367[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备N'-苄基-N'-(三甲基甲硅烷基甲基)乙烷-1,2-二胺(中间体B2)
将水合肼(2.5g,49.9mmol)添加到2-(2-(苄基((三甲基甲硅烷基)甲基)-氨基)乙基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(化合物B2.3,1.8g,5.0mmol)的乙醇(30mL)溶液中。将混合物加热回流2小时,在反应过程中沉淀出白色固体。将反应冷却至室温并加入足量的5%NaOH(aq)以溶解白色沉淀物。将所得混合物用DCM(50mL)萃取三次。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,并且在真空中浓缩,以得到中间体B2(1.0g,收率86.4%)。MS:计算值237[(M+H)+],测量值为237[(M+H)+]。
中间体B3
6-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备(5-溴-2-氯-4-吡啶基)甲醇(化合物B3.2)
将5-溴-2-氯异烟酸(化合物B3.1,CAS:886365-31-7,BePharm,目录:BD26182,2g,8.5mmol)和BH3/THF(1M在THF中,30mL)在室温搅拌3小时。通过加入甲醇(30mL)猝灭反应,将所得混合物在室温再搅拌30分钟,然后将混合物在真空中浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至100%的EA在PE中),得到化合物B3.2(1.8g,90%收率)。MS:计算值222、224和226[(M+H)+],测量值222、224和226[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备5-溴-2-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶(化合物B3.3)
向(5-溴-2-氯吡啶-4-基)甲醇(化合物B3.2,2g,9.0mmol)在DCM(50mL)中的溶液中加入3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃(832mg,9.9mmol)和4-甲基苯磺酸一水合物(85.5mg,450μmol)。将所得混合物在室温搅拌20小时。用饱和NaHCO3(水溶液,40mL)猝灭反应,用DCM(100mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并将滤液浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至50%的EA在PE中),得到化合物B3.3(2.2g,79.8%收率)。MS:计算值306、308和310[(M+H)+],测量值306、308和310[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备6-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛(中间体B3)
在-78℃,向5-溴-2-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶(化合物B3.3,2.2g,7.2mmol)在THF(60mL)中的溶液中滴加n-BuLi(2N在己烷中,12.3mL,24.5mmol)。将所得混合物在-78℃搅拌10分钟,然后加入DMF(1.6g,1.7mL,21.5mmol),并将反应混合物在-78℃再搅拌30分钟。用饱和NH4Cl(水溶液,50mL)猝灭反应,用EA(80mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至70%的EtOAc/PE),得到中间体B3(1.4g,75.2%收率)。MS:计算值256和258[(M+H)+],测量值为256和258[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3-d)δppm 10.09(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),7.72(s,1H),5.14(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),4.88(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),4.77-4.67(m,1H),3.83-3.71(m,1H),3.55-3.46(m,1H),1.87-1.53(m,6H).
中间体B4
6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备3-溴-6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基乙基)吡啶(化合物B4.2)
向(3-溴-6-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)甲醇(化合物B4.1,CAS:623942-84-7,BePharm,目录:BD223875,25g,115mmol)的DCM(1L)溶液中加入3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃(14.5g,172mmol)和4-甲基苯磺酸一水合物(0.6g,3.4mmol)。将所得混合物在室温搅拌20小时。用饱和NaHCO3(水溶液,200mL)猝灭反应,用DCM(150mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化,得到化合物B4.2(33.0g,95.3%收率)。MS:计算值302,304[(M+H)+],测量值218,220[(M-84)+]。
步骤(b):制备6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛(中间体B4)
在-78℃,向3-溴-6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶(化合物B4.2,33g,109mmol)的Et2O(1000mL)溶液中添加n-BuLi(2.0M在己烷中,56.5mL,113mmol)。在-78℃搅拌30分钟后,加入DMF(39.9g,546.0mmol),并在2小时内使反应升温至0℃。将反应混合物用饱和NH4Cl(水溶液,300mL)猝灭,用EA(100mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,330g,0%至30%的EtOAc在PE中),得到中间体B4(20.6g,75.1%收率)。MS:计算值252[(M+H)+],测量值168[(M-84)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3-d)δppm 10.25(s,1H),7.99(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.01(d,J=12.5Hz,1H),4.74(d,J=12.5Hz,1H),4.70(t,J=3.4Hz,1H),3.80-3.73(m,1H),3.50-3.33(m,1H),1.82-1.29(m,6H).
中间体B5
6-氯-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛
类似于中间体B4的制备方法制备6-氯-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛(中间体B5),通过在步骤(a)中将(3-溴-6-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)甲醇(化合物B4.1)替换为(3-溴-6-氯-2-吡啶基)甲醇(CAS:1227601-71-9,BePharm,目录:BD259870)。MS:计算值256和258[(M+H)+],测量值为256和258[(M+H)+]。
中间体C1
(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备(3S,5R)-1-苄基-3-[6-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)-3-吡啶基]-5-甲基-哌嗪(化合物C1.2)
将(R)-N1-苄基-N1-((三甲基硅烷基)甲基)丙烷-1,2-二胺(中间体B1,588mg,2.4mmol)、6-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛(中间体B3,600mg,2.4mmol)和4A MS(5g)在MeCN(20mL)中的混合物在N2下在室温搅拌过夜。通过硅藻土过滤反应混合物,并用DCM洗涤。真空浓缩滤液,得到中间体化合物C1.1,并将残余物重新溶于MeCN/TFE(27mL/3mL),然后加入[Ir(dtbbpy)(ppy)2][PF6](CAS:676525-77-2,TCI,目录:D4887,42.9mg,46.9μmol)。将反应在室温在蓝色LED(synLED-16A Discover,12W,波长465-470nm,购自SYNLED corp.)的曝光下搅拌20小时。真空除去溶剂后,将残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,20%至100%的EA在PE中),得到化合物C1.2(390mg,40%收率)。立体化学由NOESY确认。MS:计算值416[(M+H)+],测量值为416[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C1)
向(3S,5R)-1-苄基-3-[6-氯-4-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)-3-吡啶基]-5-甲基-哌嗪(化合物C1.2,306mg,736μmol)的DCM(10mL)溶液中加入SOCl2(525mg,4.4mmol),然后加入H2O(0.05mL)。在室温搅拌20小时后,将混合物倒入NaHCO3水溶液(饱和,20mL)中,并将所得混合物在室温再搅拌3小时。将混合物用DCM(30mL)萃取三次,将合并的有机层用H2O(20mL)和盐水(20mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,得到中间体C1(89mg,38.6%收率)。MS:计算值314和316[(M+H)+],测量值为314和316[(M+H)+]。
中间体C2
4-苄基-11-氯-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯
4-苄基-11-氯-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C2)类似于制备中间体C1,通过在步骤(a)中将中间B1替换为中间B2。MS:计算值300和302[(M+H)+],测量值为300和302[(M+H)+]。
中间体C3
5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备(3S,5R)-1-苄基-3-[6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)-3-吡啶基]-5-甲基-哌嗪(化合物C3.2)
将6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)吡啶-3-甲醛(中间体B4,3.3g,13.1mmol)、(R)-N1-苄基-N1-((三甲基甲硅烷基)-甲基)丙烷-1,2-
二胺(中间体B1,3.3g,13.1mmol)和4A MS(2g)在MeCN(80mL)中的混合物在N2下在室温搅拌过夜。通过硅藻土过滤反应,并用DCM洗涤。真空浓缩滤液,得到中间体化合物C3.1,并将残余物重新溶于MeCN/TFE(63mL/7mL),然后加入[Ir(dtbbpy)(ppy)2][PF6](CAS:676525-77-2,TCI,目录:D4887,120mg,131μmol)。将反应在室温在蓝色LED(synLED-16ADiscover,12W,波长465-470nm,购自SYNLED corp.)的曝光下搅拌20小时。真空中除去溶剂后,将残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,120g,20%至100%的EA在PE中),得到化合物C3.2(3.3g,61.1%收率)。MS:计算值412[(M+H)+],测量值为412[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备(3S,5R)-1-苄基-3-[2-(氯甲基)-6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基]-5-
甲基-哌嗪(化合物C3.3)
向(3S,5R)-1-苄基-3-[6-甲氧基-2-(四氢吡喃-2-基氧基甲基)-3-吡啶基]-5-甲基-哌嗪(化合物C3.2,3.3g,8.0mmol)的DCM(120mL)溶液中加入SOCl2(5.7g,48.1mmol),然后加入加入0.5mL水。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌20小时。反应用饱和NaHCO3(水溶液,100mL)猝灭,用DCM(100mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到化合物C3.3(2.8g,粗品),其无需进一步纯化即可直接用于下一步。MS:计算的346和348[(M+H)+],测得的346和348[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-甲氧基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(化合物C3.4)
将(3S,5R)-1-苄基-3-[2-(氯甲基)-6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基]-5-甲基-哌嗪(化合物C3.3,2.8g,粗品)和K2CO3(2.2g,16.0mmol)在乙腈(80mL)中的混合物回流加热3小时。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤并用DCM洗涤。滤液在真空中浓缩,所得残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,得到化合物C3.4(2.0g,两步81.0%收率)。立体化学由NOESY确认。MS:计算值310[(M+H)+],测量值为310[(M+H)+]。
步骤(d):制备(2S,6R)-11-甲氧基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(化合物C3.5)
将(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-甲氧基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(化合物C3.4,2.0g,6.5mmol)和Pd-C(200mg)在MeOH(150mL)中的混合物在室温用氢气球氢化5小时。滤出催化剂后,将滤液真空浓缩,得到化合物C3.5(1.3g,91.3%收率),其无需进一步纯化即可直接用于下一步。MS:计算值220[(M+H)+],测量值为220[(M+H)+]。
步骤(e):制备5-[(2S,6R)-11-甲氧基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(化合物C3.6)
向(2S,6R)-11-甲氧基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(化合物C3.5,1.3g,5.9mmol)的DMSO(50mL)溶液中添加5-氟喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体A1,1.0g,5.9mmol)和DIPEA(3.8g,29.6mmol)。将反应混合物在120℃下搅拌20小时。冷却至室温后,将反应用水(100mL)猝灭,并用EA(100mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,80g,0%至100%的EtOAc在DCM中),得到化合物C3.6(1.2g,56.0%收率)。MS:计算值372[(M+H)+],测量值为372[(M+H)+]。
步骤(f):制备5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C3)
将5-[(2S,6R)-11-甲氧基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(化合物C3.6,1.0g,2.7mmol)、POCl3(50mL)和盐酸三甲胺(2.6g,26.9mmol)的混合物在90℃加热过夜。冷却至室温后,减压蒸发反应混合物。将残余物倒入冰水(100mL)中,用饱和NaHCO3(aq)中和至pH 8,用EA(80mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并将滤液真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,80g,0%至100%的EtOAc在DCM中),得到中间体C3(0.5g,51.0%收率)。MS:计算值376,378[(M+H)+],测量值为376,378[(M+H)+]。
中间体C4
5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C4)与中间体C3类似地制备,通过在步骤(e)中将中间体A1替换为中间体A2。MS:计算值377和379[(M+H)+],测量值为377和379[(M+H)+]。
中间体C5
5-(11-氯-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈
5-(11-氯-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C5)的制备方法与中间体C3类似,通过在步骤(a)中将中间体B1替换为中间体B2。MS:计算值362和364[(M+H)+],测量值为362和364[(M+H)+]。
中间体C6
(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯
(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C6)的制备类似于中间体C1,通过在步骤(a)中将中间体B3替换为中间体B5。MS:计算值314和316[(M+H)+],测量值为314和316[(M+H)+]。
实例1
5-(11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备4-(4-苄基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物1.1)
向4-苄基-11-氯-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C2,103mg,344μmol)的甲苯(8mL)溶液中加入哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(70.4mg,378μmol)、Pd2(dba)3(15.7mg,17.2μmol)、BINAP(21.4mg,34.4μmol)和钠t-BuONa(66mg,687μmol)。将所得混合物在100℃搅拌20小时。冷却至室温后,将反应用水(30mL)猝灭,并用EA(30mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并将滤液真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,20g,0%至100%EtOAc在DCM中),得到化合物1.1(98mg,63.4%收率)。MS:计算值450[(M+H)+],测量值为450[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备4-(4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物1.2)
将4-(4-苄基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物1.1,98mg,218μmol))和Pd-C(20mg)的MeOH(30mL)混合物在室温用氢气球氢化5小时。滤出催化剂后,将滤液真空浓缩,得到化合物1.2(46mg,58.7%收率),其无需进一步纯化即可直接用于下一步。MS:计算值360[(M+H)+],测量值为360[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备4-[4-(8-氰基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物1.3)
向5-氟喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体A1,38.3mg,223μmol)的DMSO(5mL)溶液中加入4-(4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物1.2,80mg,223μmol)和DIEA(128mg,1.1mmol)。将反应混合物在120℃搅拌5小时。冷却至室温后,将反应用水(30mL)猝灭,并用EA(30mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,20g,0%至100%EtOAc在PE中),得到化合物1.3(32mg,28.1%收率)。MS:计算值512[(M+H)+],测量值为512[(M+H)+]。
步骤(d):制备5-(11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈(实例1)
向4-[4-(8-腈基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳
-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物1.3,32mg,62.6μmol)的DCM(5mL)溶液中加入TFA(2mL)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后浓缩,得到粗产物将其通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到实例1(11mg,42.7%收率)。MS:计算值412[(M+H)+],测量值为412[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.02(dd,J=1.6,4.3Hz,1H),8.72(dd,J=1.7,8.6Hz,1H),8.16(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.13(s,1H),7.68(dd,J=4.3,8.6Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.02(s,1H),4.43-4.38(m,1H),4.35(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),4.00(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),3.86-3.77(m,5H),3.47-3.40(m,2H),3.36(br d,J=5.3Hz,5H),3.30-3.22(m,1H),3.12-3.03(m,1H).
实例2
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
标题化合物(实例2)类似于实例1制备,通过在步骤(a)中将4-苄基-11-氯-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C2)替换为(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C1)。MS:计算值426[(M+H)+],测量值为426[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.06(dd,J=1.6,4.3Hz,1H),8.80(dd,J=1.6,8.7Hz,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.21(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.75(dd,J=4.3,8.6Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.12(s,1H),5.40-5.31(m,1H),4.97(d,J=14.5Hz,1H),4.67(d,J=14.5Hz,1H),4.38-4.30(m,1H),4.04-3.96(m,1H),3.93-3.86(m,4H),3.67(br d,J=13.7Hz,1H),3.39-3.34(m,5H),3.23-3.12(m,1H),1.55(d,J=6.7Hz,3H).
实例3A和3B
5-[(2R)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈和5-[(2S)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备4-[4-(8-氰基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物3.1)
向5-(11-氯-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C5,120mg,332μmol)的甲苯(10mL)溶液中加入哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁基酯(85.3mg,398μmol)、BINAP(20.7mg,33.2μmol))、Pd2(dba)3(15.2mg,16.6μmol)和t-BuONa(63.7mg,663μmol)。将所得混合物在100℃搅拌20小时。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物用水(30mL)稀释,并用EA(40mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,20g,0%至10%的MeOH在DCM中),得到化合物3.1(110mg,64.8%收率)。MS:计算值512[(M+H)+],测量值为512[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备4-[(2R)-4-(8-氰基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环
[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物3.2a)和4-[(2S)-4-(8-氰基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12
-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物3.2b)
在OJ(5μm,250×20mm)色谱柱上用40%乙醇(0.25%NH3H2O)/CO2使用SFC拆分中间体3.1(110mg),得到两个单一异构体:化合物3.2a(51mg,收率:46%)MS:计算值为512(M+H)+,测量值为512(M+H)+;和化合物3.2b(50mg,收率:45%)MS:计算值为512(M+H)+,测量值为512(M+H)+。
步骤(c):制备5-[(2R)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(实例3A)
向4-[(2R)-4-(8-腈基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物3.2a,51mg,99.8μmol)的DCM(5mL)溶液加入TFA(2mL)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后浓缩,得到粗产物,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到实例3A(29mg,70.7%收率)。计算值412[(M+H)+],测量值412[(M+H)+].1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.03(dd,J=1.6,4.3Hz,1H),8.72(dd,J=1.6,8.6Hz,1H),8.19(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.74-7.66(m,2H),7.38(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.07-5.00(m,1H),4.62(d,J=14.2Hz,1H),4.43(d,J=14.2Hz,1H),3.93-3.77(m,6H),3.70-3.63(m,1H),3.56-3.48(m,2H),3.39-3.34(m,5H).
步骤(d):制备5-[(2S)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(实例3B)
向4-[(2S)-4-(8-腈基-5-喹啉基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物3.2b,50mg,97.8μmol)的DCM(5mL)溶液加入TFA(2mL)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后浓缩,得到粗产物,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到实例3B(27mg,67.2%收率)。计算值412[(M+H)+],测量值412[(M+H)+].1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.03(dd,J=1.7,4.2Hz,1H),8.72(dd,J=1.6,8.6Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.72-7.65(m,2H),7.37(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.89(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.07-5.00(m,1H),4.54(d,J=14.1Hz,1H),4.32(d,J=14.1Hz,1H),3.92-3.84(m,4H),3.86-3.69(m,2H),3.63-3.41(m,3H),3.37-3.34(m,4H),3.29-3.21(m,1H).
实例4A和4B5-[(2R)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈和
5-[(2S)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
标题化合物(实例4A和4B)类似于实例3A和3B的制备,通过在步骤(a)中将哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-(4-甲基-4-哌啶基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯。
实例4A,计算值为440[(M+H)+],测量值为440[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.91(dd,J=1.7,4.2Hz,1H),8.60(dd,J=1.6,8.7Hz,1H),8.06(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.58(dd,J=4.3,8.6Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.72(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.93-4.85(m,1H),4.47(d,J=14.2Hz,1H),4.27(d,J=14.1Hz,1H),4.07-3.96(m,2H),3.75-3.63(m,2H),3.57-3.50(m,2H),3.46-3.32(m,2H),3.29-3.13(m,6H),1.39(s,3H).
实例4B,计算值为440[(M+H)+],测量值为440[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.90(dd,J=1.6,4.3Hz,1H),8.60(dd,J=1.6,8.6Hz,1H),8.05(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.57(dd,J=4.2,8.6Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.22(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.72-6.61(m,1H),4.93-4.85(m,1H),4.47(d,J=14.2Hz,1H),4.27(d,J=14.1Hz,1H),4.07-3.96(m,2H),3.75-3.63(m,2H),3.57-3.50(m,2H),3.46-3.32(m,2H),3.29-3.13(m,6H),1.39(s,3H).
实例5
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案合成标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备4-[(2S,6R)-4-(8-腈基-5-喹啉基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物5.1)
向5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C3,50mg,133μmol)的甲苯(6mL)溶液中加入哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(29.7mg,160μmol)、Pd2(dba)3(6.09mg,6.6μmol)、BINAP(8.28mg,13.3μmol))和tBuONa(25.6mg,266μmol)。将所得混合物在100℃搅拌20小时。冷却至室温后,将反应用水(15mL)猝灭,并用EA(15mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将残余物通过快速色谱法(硅胶,20g,0%至10%MeOH在DCM中)纯化,得到化合物5.1(47mg,67.3%收率)。计算值为526[(M+H)+],测量值为526[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(实例5)
向4-[(2S,6R)-4-(8-腈基-5-喹啉基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物5.1,47mg,89.4μmol)的DCM(5mL)溶液加入TFA(2mL)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后浓缩,得到粗产物,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到实例5(29mg,76.3%收率)。计算值426[(M+H)+],测量值426[(M+H)+].1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.06(dd,J=1.7,4.2Hz,1H),8.80(dd,J=1.6,8.6Hz,1H),8.20(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.79-7.68(m,2H),7.41(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.96(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.44-5.33(m,1GH),4.53(d,J=14.3Hz,1H),4.39-4.32(m,1H),4.02-3.85(m,5H),3.67(brd,J=13.0Hz,1H),3.39-3.33(m,6H),3.21-3.10(m,1H),1.56(d,J=6.7Hz,3H).
实例6
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
类似于实例5的制备方法,通过在步骤(a)中将哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯替换为9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:478647-20-0,无锡药业,目录:WX120052)来制备标题化合物。得到实例6。MS:计算值468[(M+H)+],测量值为468[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.01(dd,J=1.6,4.2Hz,1H),8.73(dd,J=1.7,8.6Hz,1H),8.17(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=4.2,8.6Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.82(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.34-4.21(m,6H),3.89(br d,J=11.5Hz,1H),3.84-3.79(m,1H),3.64-3.53(m,4H),3.53-3.43(m,2H),3.30-3.22(m,2H),3.08-2.98(m,1H),2.95-2.85(m,1H),1.32(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
实例7
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R)-3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例5的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,在步骤(a)中将5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C3)替换为5-[(2S,6R)-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体C4),并将哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:167888-15-5,PharmaBlock,目录:PBXA3113)。得到实例7。MS:计算值441[(M+H)+],测量值为441[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.76(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.71(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.48(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.92-4.85(m,1H),4.60(d,J=13.7Hz,1H),4.19(d,J=13.7Hz,1H),4.01-3.87(m,2H),3.84(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.77-3.69(m,1H),3.68-3.61(m,1H),3.60-3.54(m,2H),3.22-3.04(m,2H),2.38-2.27(m,2H),1.60(s,3H),1.45(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例8
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S)-3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-[(3S)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:927652-04-8,PharmaBlock,目录:PBXA3216)。得到实例8。MS:计算值441[(M+H)+],测量值为441[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.72(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.16(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.41(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.33-4.29(m,1H),4.25(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.90-3.82(m,1H),3.82-3.74(m,2H),3.74-3.58(m,2H),3.57-3.43(m,3H),3.05-2.87(m,2H),2.29(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.58(s,3H),1.30(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
实例9
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-(2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷-6-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为2,7-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:885270-84-8,PharmaBlock,目录:PB00717)。得到实例9。MS:计算值453[(M+H)+],测量值为453[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.64(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.35(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.06-4.99(m,1H),4.61(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),4.23(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),4.12-3.96(m,5H),3.85-3.75(m,1H),3.66(s,2H),3.54-3.40(m,3H),3.19-3.12(m,1H),3.04-2.95(m,1H),2.27(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.40(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例10
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3aS,6aS)-3,3a,4,5,6,6a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡咯-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为(3aS,6aS)-2,3,3a,4,6,6a-六氢-1H-吡咯并[3,4-b]吡咯-5-甲酸叔丁酯。得到实例10。MS:计算值453[(M+H)+],测量值为453[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm8.78(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.63(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.38(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.57(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.11-5.00(m,1H),4.75-4.55(m,2H),4.32(d,J=13.7Hz,1H),4.18-4.01(m,1H),3.97-3.87(m,1H),3.78-3.46(m,6H),3.32-3.17(m,3H),3.16-3.01(m,1H),2.43-2.25(m,1H),2.12-1.99(m,1H),1.49(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).
实例11
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4R)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-[(3R,4R)-3-甲氧基-4-哌啶基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(PharmaBlock,目录:PB07428-1)。得到实例11。MS:计算值471[(M+H)+],测量值为471[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.75(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.82(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.94(br d,J=2.1Hz,1H),4.74-4.54(m,1H),4.47-4.33(m,2H),3.99(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.89(br d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.75-3.67(m,1H),3.57-3.48(m,1H),3.56(s,3H),3.30-3.21(m,2H),3.08-2.91(m,3H),2.73-2.58(m,1H),2.17-2.09(m,1H),1.77-1.64(m,1H),1.38(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).
实例12
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-[(3S,4S)-3-甲氧基-4-哌啶基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(PharmaBlock,目录:PB97963-1)。得到实例12。MS:计算值471[(M+H)+],测量值为471[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.64(s,1H),8.05(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.60(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.52(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.77(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.97-4.89(m,1H),4.87-4.82(m,1H),4.57(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),4.36-4.28(m,1H),4.18(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),3.96(br d,J=3.4Hz,1H),3.85-3.76(m,1H),3.53-3.46(m,1H),3.44(s,3H),3.17-3.07(m,3H),3.03-2.95(m,1H),2.91-2.80(m,1H),2.59-2.47(m,1H),2.06-1.97(m,1H),1.64-1.51(m,1H),1.37(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例13
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4S)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-[(3R,4S)-3-甲氧基-4-哌啶基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(PharmaBlock,目录:PB97963-1)。得到实例13。MS:计算值471[(M+H)+],测量值为471[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.76(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.71(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.99-4.93(m,1H),4.85-4.80(m,1H),4.55(d,J=13.6Hz,1H),4.45-4.35(m,1H),4.14(d,J=13.7Hz,1H),3.96-3.85(m,2H),3.65(br s,1H),3.60-3.51(m,2H),3.42(s,3H),3.20-2.93(m,4H),2.02-1.90(m,1H),1.88-1.79(m,1H),1.44(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例14
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S,4S)-3-氨基-4-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯代替为N-[(3S,4S)-4-甲氧基-3-哌啶基]-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(PharmaBlock,目录:PBZ5290-1)。得到实例14。MS:计算值471[(M+H)+],测量值为471[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.74(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.17(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.78-4.67(m,1H),4.51(br d,J=9.7Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=13.3Hz,1H),4.28-4.21(m,1H),3.95-3.85(m,2H),3.68-3.61(m,1H),3.54-3.40(m,2H),3.47(s,3H),3.18-2.90(m,5H),2.39-2.31(m,1H),1.48-1.39(m,1H),1.35(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).
实例15
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4R)-3-氨基-4-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-[(3R,4R)-4-甲氧基-3-哌啶基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:2227199-27-9,PharmaBlock,目录:PBZ5289-1)。得到实例15。MS:计算值471[(M+H)+],测量值为471[(M+H)+]。1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.74(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.17(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.79(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.77-4.71(m,1H),4.49(br d,J=10.1Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),4.26(br d,J=14.1Hz,1H),3.93-3.85(m,2H),3.68-3.59(m,1H),3.54-3.40(m,2H),3.47(s,3H),3.17-3.08(m,1H),3.06-2.91(m,4H),2.39-2.28(m,1H),1.51-1.40(m,1H),1.35(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).
实例16
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:113451-59-5,PharmaBlock,目录:PBN20120579)。得到实例16。MS:计算值439[(M+H)+],测量值为439[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.75(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.63(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.55(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.06-5.00(m,2H),4.67(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),4.55(s,1H),4.28(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),4.13-4.02(m,1H),3.95-3.87(m,1H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),3.59(br d,J=10.8Hz,2H),3.46-3.35(m,2H),3.26-3.18(m,1H),3.14-3.04(m,1H),2.27(br d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.09(br d,J=11.1Hz,1H),1.47(d,J=6.7Hz,3H).
实例17
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1R,4R)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为(1R,4R)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:134003-84-2,PharmaBlock,目录:PBN20120578)。得到实例17。MS:计算值439[(M+H)+],测量值为439[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.74(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.63(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.55(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.07-4.98(m,2H),4.66(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),4.55(s,1H),4.27(d,J=13.9Hz,1H),4.14-4.01(m,1H),3.95-3.87(m,1H),3.79-3.70(m,1H),3.63-3.55(m,2H),3.46-3.34(m,2H),3.26-3.16(m,1H),3.14-3.04(m,1H),2.27(br d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.09(br d,J=11.4Hz,1H),1.47(d,J=6.7Hz,3H).
实例18
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-9-基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-4-甲酸叔丁酯(CAS:1023595-11-0,PharmaBlock,目录:PB05200)。得到实例18。MS:计算值497[(M+H)+],测量值为497[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.75(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.71(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.62-4.52(m,1H),4.42(d,J=13.3Hz,1H),4.07(br d,J=13.2Hz,2H),4.01-3.95(m,3H),3.92-3.85(m,1H),3.78-3.67(m,1H),3.56-3.45(m,1H),3.30-3.20(m,4H),3.14(s,2H),3.05(t,J=11.4Hz,2H),2.07(br d,J=13.2Hz,2H),1.74-1.60(m,2H),1.38(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例19
5-[(2S,6R)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例7的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为N-(4-甲基-4-哌啶基)氨基甲酸酯叔丁基(CAS:163271-08-7,PharmaBlock,目录:PB02909)。得到实例19。MS:计算值455[(M+H)+],测量值为455[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.75(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.78(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.67-4.58(m,1H),4.44(d,J=13.4Hz,1H),4.16-4.07(m,2H),4.01(d,J=13.0Hz,1H),3.93-3.84(m,1H),3.81-3.70(m,1H),3.53(br d,J=12.8Hz,1H),3.40-3.33(m,2H),3.10-3.01(m,2H),1.91-1.83(m,4H),1.50(s,3H),1.39(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例20
5-[(2S,6R)-11-(1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用实例5的制备方法类似地制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯替换为1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯。得到实例20。MS:计算值440[(M+H)+],测量值为440[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 9.01(dd,J=1.7,4.2Hz,1H),8.73(dd,J=1.7,8.6Hz,1H),8.16(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=4.2,8.6Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.58-4.47(m,1H),4.37(d,J=13.4Hz,1H),4.16-3.99(m,2H),3.93(d,J=12.1Hz,1H),3.89-3.83(m,1H),3.76(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),3.70-3.63(m,1H),3.53-3.47(m,1H),3.43-3.37(m,2H),3.31-3.38(m,2H),3.05-2.97(m,2H),2.23-2.15(m,2H),1.35(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例21
4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈
根据以下方案制备标题化合物:
步骤(a):制备(1S,4S)-5-[(2S,6R)-4-苄基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.2)
向(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C6,660mg,2.1mmol)的甲苯(35mL)溶液中添加(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.1,417mg,2.1mmol)、BINAP(131mg,210μmol)、Pd2(dba)3(96.3mg,105μmol)和tBuONa(404mg,4.2mmol)。将反应混合物在100℃搅拌20小时。混合物冷却至室温后,将反应混合物用水(80mL)稀释,并用EA(50mL)萃取三次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,40g,0%至10%的DCM在MeOH中),得到化合物21.2(610mg,61%收率)。MS:计算值476[(M+H)+],测量值为476[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备(1S,4S)-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.3)
将(1S,4S)-5-[(2S,6R)-4-苄基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.2,610mg,1.28mmol)和Pd-C(50mg)在MeOH(200mL)中的混合物在室温下通过氢气球氢化6小时。滤除催化剂后,将滤液真空浓缩,得到化合物21.3(420mg,84.9%收率)。MS:计算值386[(M+H)+],测量值为386[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备(1S,4S)-5-[(2S,6R)-4-(7-氰基吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.4)
向4-氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈(中间体A3,37.6mg,233μmol)的DMSO(10mL)溶液中加入(1S,4S)-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.3,90mg,233μmol)和DIPEA(151mg,204μL,1.17mmol)。将反应混合物在120℃下搅拌20小时。将混合物冷却至室温后,用水(50mL)稀释,并用EA(30mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,24g,0%至10%MeOH的DCM溶液),得到化合物21.4(55mg,44.7%收率)。MS:计算值527[(M+H)+],测量值为527[(M+H)+]。
步骤(d):制备4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈(实例21)
向(1S,4S)-5-[(2S,6的溶液R)-4-(7-氰基吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物21.4,55mg,104μmol)的DCM(10mL)溶液中添加TFA(3mL)。将反应在室温搅拌2小时,然后浓缩,得到粗产物,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到实例21(28mg,63%收率)。MS:计算值427[(M+H)+],测量值为427[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.06(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.95(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),6.68(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.50(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.01(s,1H),4.55(s,1H),4.37-4.29(m,2H),4.27-4.21(m,1H),3.94-3.83(m,2H),3.79-3.71(m,1H),3.58(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.53-3.45(m,1H),3.43-3.36(m,2H),3.09-2.94(m,2H),2.27(br d,J=11.1Hz,1H),2.08(br d,J=11.1Hz,1H),1.36(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).
实例22
4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈
用类似于实例21的制备方法制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(c)中将4-氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈(中间体A3)替换为3,4-二氟吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈(中间体A4)。得到实例22。MS:计算值445[(M+H)+],测量值为445[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm8.02(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.46(s,1H),6.57(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.45(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.00(s,1H),4.53(s,1H),4.14(d,J=13.0Hz,1H),4.07-3.93(m,2H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),3.69-3.59(m,2H),3.54(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.42-3.35(m,2H),3.24-3.16(m,1H),2.91(t,J=10.9Hz,1H),2.86-2.78(m,1H),2.28(br d,J=10.9Hz,1H),2.05(br d,J=10.9Hz,1H),1.26(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).
实例23
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
根据以下方案制备标题化合物:
步骤(a):4-[(2S,6R)-4-苄基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环
[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备(化合物23.2)
向(2S,6R)-4-苄基-11-氯-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯(中间体C6,300mg,956μmol)的二噁烷(18mL)和水(2mL)溶液中加入4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物23.1,355mg,1.15mmol)、Pd(dppf)Cl2.DCM加合物(39mg,47.8μmol)和K2CO3(264mg,1.91mmol)。将所得混合物在90℃搅拌20小时。冷却至室温后,将反应用水(60mL)猝灭,并用EA(60mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并将滤液真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,20g,0%至100%EtOAc在DCM中),得到化合物23.2(330mg,74.9%收率)。MS:计算值461[(M+H)+],测量值为461[(M+H)+]。
步骤(b):制备4-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]
十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物23.3)
将4-[(2S,6R)-4-苄基-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]-3,6-二氢-2H-吡啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物23.2,330mg,716μmol)和Pd-C(30mg)在MeOH(100mL)中的混合物在室温用氢气球氢化5小时。滤出催化剂后,将滤液真空浓缩,得到化合物23.3(210mg,78.7%收率),其无需进一步纯化即可直接用于下一步。MS:计算值为373[(M+H)+],测量值为373[(M+H)+]。
步骤(c):制备4-[(2S,6R)-4-(8-氰基-2-氘代-5-喹啉基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物23.4)
向4-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物23.3,105mg,282μmol)的DMSO(8mL)溶液中添加2-氘代-5-氟-喹啉-8-甲腈(中间体A2,48.8mg,282μmol)和DIEA(182mg,246μL,1.41mmol)。将所得混合物在120℃搅拌20小时。冷却至室温后,将反应用水(30mL)猝灭,并用EA(30mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,20g,0%至100%EtOAc在PE中),得到化合物23.4(55mg,37.1%收率)。MS:计算值为526[(M+H)+],测量值为526[(M+H)+]。
步骤(d):制备2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈(实例23)
向4-[(2S,6R)-4-(8-氰基-2-氘代-5-喹啉基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-11-基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物23.4,55mg,105μmol)的DCM(5mL)溶液加入TFA(2mL)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后浓缩,得到粗产物,将其通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到实例23(42mg,94.1%收率)。MS:计算值为426[(M+H)+],测量值为426[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.78-8.68(m,1H),8.15(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.76-7.62(m,2H),7.34(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.53-4.37(m,2H),3.99-3.90(m,2H),3.58-3.47(m,4H),3.23-3.04(m,4H),2.96-2.89(m,1H),2.20-1.96(m,4H),1.33(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
实例24
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基氧基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用类似于实例7的制备方法制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。得到实例24。MS:计算值442[(M+H)+],测量值为442[(M+H)+]。1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.65(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.74(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.38-5.16(m,1H),5.15-4.99(m,1H),4.72(d,J=14.2Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=14.1Hz,1H),4.18-4.05(m,1H),3.94-3.77(m,1H),3.62-3.44(m,1H),3.40-3.26(m,2H),3.20-3.11(m,3H),3.09-2.98(m,1H),2.19-2.09(m,2H),2.09-1.92(m,2H),1.41(d,J=6.6Hz,3H).
实例25
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-[(3S)-吡咯烷-3-基]氧基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈
用类似于实例7的制备方法制备标题化合物,通过在步骤(a)中将N-[(3R)-3-甲基吡咯烷-3-基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯替换为(3S)-3-羟基吡咯烷-1-氨基甲酸叔丁酯。得到实例25。MS:计算值428[(M+H)+],测量值为428[(M+H)+]。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δppm 8.72(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.82-7.54(m,2H),7.32(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.71(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),5.79-5.60(m,1H),4.33-4.22(m,2H),3.88(br d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.84-3.74(m,1H),3.60-3.56(m,2H),3.52-3.40(m,4H),3.01(t,J=11.0Hz,1H),2.96-2.82(m,1H),2.43-2.27(m,2H),1.29(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
实例26
为了确定式(I)或(Ia)化合物在HEK293-Blue-hTLR-7/8/9细胞测定中的活性,进行以下检测。
HEK293-Blue-hTLR-7细胞测定:
稳定的HEK293-Blue-hTLR-7细胞系购自InvivoGen(Cat.#:hkb-htlr7,SanDiego,California,USA)。这些细胞最初设计用于通过监测NF-κB活化来研究人TLR7刺激。将SEAP(分泌的胚胎碱性磷酸酶)报告基因置于与五个NF-κB和AP-1结合位点融合的IFN-β最小启动子的控制下。通过用TLR7配体刺激HEK-Blue hTLR7细胞使NF-κB和AP-1活化以诱导SEAP。因此,在配体(诸如R848(Resiquimod))的刺激下孵育20小时,报告基因表达被TLR7拮抗剂降低。使用QUANTI-BlueTM试剂盒(Cat.#:rep-qb1,Invivogen,San Diego,Ca,USA)在640nm波长下测定细胞培养上清液SEAP报告基因的活性,在碱性磷酸酶存在的条件下该检测培养基变成紫色或蓝色。
在含有4.5g/L葡萄糖、50U/mL青霉素、50mg/mL链霉素、100mg/mL Normocin、2mML-谷氨酰胺、10%(v/v)热灭活的胎牛血清的Dulbecco's Modified Eagle培养基(DMEM)的96孔板中以170μL的体积将HEK293-Blue-hTLR7细胞以个细胞/mL的密度孵育,在上述DMEM中,在最终DMSO存在的条件下以1%的最终稀释度添加20μL供试化合物和10μL的20uM R848,在37℃的CO2培养箱中进行20小时的培养。然后将每个孔中的20μL上清液与180μL Quanti-blue底物溶液在37℃下孵育2小时,并使用分光光度计在下读取吸光度。TLR7活化导致下游NF-κB活化的信号传导途径已被广泛接受,因此对类似的报告基因检测方法进行了修改以评估TLR7拮抗剂。
HEK293-Blue-hTLR-8细胞测定:
稳定的HEK293-Blue-hTLR-8细胞系购自InvivoGen(Cat.#:hkb-htlr8,SanDiego,California,USA)。这些细胞最初设计用于通过监测NF-κB活化来研究人TLR8刺激。将SEAP(分泌的胚胎碱性磷酸酶)报告基因置于与五个NF-κB和AP-1结合位点融合的IFN-β最小启动子的控制下。通过用TLR8配体刺激HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞使NF-κB和AP-1活化以诱导SEAP。因此,在配体(诸如R848)的刺激下孵育20小时,报告基因表达被TLR8拮抗剂降低。使用QUANTI-BlueTM试剂盒(Cat.#:rep-qb1,Invivogen,San Diego,Ca,USA)在640nm波长下测定细胞培养上清液SEAP报告基因的活性,在碱性磷酸酶存在的条件下该检测培养基变成紫色或蓝色。
在含有4.5g/L葡萄糖、50U/mL青霉素、50mg/mL链霉素、100mg/mL Normocin、2mML-谷氨酰胺、10%(v/v)热灭活的胎牛血清的Dulbecco's Modified Eagle培养基(DMEM)的96孔板中以170μL的体积将HEK293-Blue-hTLR8细胞以个细胞/mL的密度孵育,在上述DMEM中,在最终DMSO存在的条件下以1%的最终稀释度添加20μL供试化合物和10μL的60uM R848,在37℃的CO2培养箱中进行20小时的培养。然后将每个孔中的20μL上清液与180μL Quanti-blue底物溶液在37℃下孵育2小时,并使用分光光度计在下读取吸光度。TLR8活化导致下游NF-κB活化的信号传导途径已被广泛接受,因此对类似的报告基因检测方法进行了修改以评估TLR8拮抗剂。
HEK293-Blue-hTLR-9细胞测定:
稳定的HEK293-Blue-hTLR-9细胞系购自InvivoGen(Cat.#:hkb-htlr9,SanDiego,California,USA)。这些细胞最初设计用于通过监测NF-κB活化来研究人TLR9刺激。将SEAP(分泌的胚胎碱性磷酸酶)报告基因置于与五个NF-κB和AP-1结合位点融合的IFN-β最小启动子的控制下。通过用TLR9配体刺激HEK-Blue hTLR9细胞使NF-κB和AP-1活化以诱导SEAP。因此,在配体(诸如ODN2006(Cat.#:tlrl-2006-1,Invivogen,San Diego,California,USA))的刺激下孵育20小时,报告基因表达被TLR9拮抗剂降低。使用QUANTI-BlueTM试剂盒(Cat.#:rep-qb1,Invivogen,San Diego,California,USA)在640nm波长下测定细胞培养上清液SEAP报告基因的活性,在碱性磷酸酶存在的条件下该检测培养基变成紫色或蓝色。
HEK293-Blue-hTLR9细胞以细胞/mL的密度以170μL的体积,在96孔板中在含有4.5g/L葡萄糖、50U/mL青霉素、50mg/mL链霉素、100mg/mL Normocin、2mML-谷氨酰胺、10%(v/v)热灭活的胎牛血清的Dulbecco's Modified Eagle培养基(DMEM)中孵育,其中在1%的最终的DMSO存在下于连续稀释液中添加20μL测试化合物和10μL的20uMODN2006的以上DMEM溶液,在37℃的CO2培养箱中孵育20小时。然后将每个孔中的20μL上清液与180μL Quanti-blue底物溶液在37℃下孵育2小时,并使用分光光度计在处读取吸光度。TLR9活化导致下游NF-κB活化的信号传导途径已被广泛接受,因此对类似的报告基因检测方法进行了修改以评估TLR9拮抗剂。
式(I)或(Ia)的化合物具有TLR7和/或TLR8抑制活性(IC50值)<0.02μM。此外,大多数化合物还具有<0.5μM的TLR9抑制活性。表1显示了本发明化合物的活性数据。
表1:本发明化合物在HEK293-Blue-hTLR-7/8/9细胞测定中的活性
实例27
人微粒体稳定性测定
将人肝微粒体(目录号:452117,美国康宁)在37℃下于100mM磷酸钾缓冲液(pH7.4)中与受试化合物预孵育10分钟。通过添加NADPH再生系统来引发反应。最终的孵育混合物在100mM磷酸钾缓冲液(pH 7.4)中含1μM供试化合物、0.5mg/mL肝微粒体蛋白、1mMMgCl2、1mM NADP、1单位/mL异柠檬酸脱氢酶和6mM异柠檬酸。在37℃下孵育0、3、6、9、15和30分钟后,将300μL冷ACN(包括内标)添加到100μL孵育混合物中以终止反应。沉淀并离心后,取出100uL上清液并加入300uL水。通过LC-MS/MS测定样品中残留的化合物的量。还制备并分析了零和30分钟无NADPH再生系统的对照。结果分类为:低(<7.0mL/min/kg),中(7.0-16.2mL/min/kg)和高(16.2-23.2mL/min/kg)。测试结果汇总于表2中。
表2:人类微粒体稳定性结果
实例28
hERG通道抑制测定
hERG通道抑制测定是一种高度灵敏的测量,可鉴定表现出与体内心脏毒性相关的hERG抑制作用的化合物。将hERG K+通道克隆到人体内,并在CHO(中国仓鼠卵巢)细胞系中稳定表达。CHOhERG细胞用于膜片钳(电压钳,全细胞)实验。电压模式刺激细胞以活化hERG通道并传导IKhERG电流(hERG通道的快速延迟向外整流钾电流)。细胞稳定几分钟后,以0.1Hz(6bpm)的刺激频率记录IKhERG的振幅和动力学。此后,将测试化合物以增加的浓度加入制剂中。对于每种浓度,都试图达到稳态效果,通常在3-10分钟内达到此效果,此时施加下一个最高浓度。记录每种药物浓度下IKhERG的振幅和动力学,并将其与对照值进行比较(以100%计)(参考文献:Redfern WS,Carlsson L,Davis AS,Lynch WG,MacKenzie I,PalethorpeS,Siegl PK,Strang I,Sullivan AT,Wallis R,Camm AJ,Hammond TG.2003;Relationships between preclinical cardiac electrophysiology,clinical QTinterval prolongation and torsade de pointes for a broad range of drugs:evidence for a provisional safety margin in drugdevelopment.Cardiovasc.Res.58:32-45,Sanguinetti MC,Tristani-Firouzi M.2006;hERG potassium channels and cardiac arrhythmia.Nature 440:463-469,Webster R,Leishman D,Walker D.2002;Towards a drug concentration effect relationship forQT prolongation and torsades de pointes.Curr.Opin.Drug Discov.Devel.5:116-26).hERG的结果在表3中给出。
表3:hERG结果
Claims (22)
5.根据权利要求4所述的化合物,其中R2为C1-6烷基。
6.根据权利要求5所述的化合物,其中R2为甲基。
7.根据权利要求5所述的化合物,其中R3为2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;氨基(C1-6烷基)吡咯烷基;吡咯烷基氧基;哌啶基氧基或9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷基。
8.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中R3为2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基;3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基;3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基;吡咯烷-3-基氧基;4-哌啶基氧基或9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-基。
9.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中X为N并且Y为CH。
12.一种化合物,其选自:
5-(11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基)喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,12-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2R)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S)-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2R)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-哌嗪-1-基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(9-氧杂-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-3-基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R)-3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S)-3-氨基-3-甲基-吡咯烷-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-(2,6-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷-6-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3aS,6aS)-3,3a,4,5,6,6a-六氢-2H-吡咯并[2,3-c]吡咯-1-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4R)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4S)-4-氨基-3-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3S,4S)-3-氨基-4-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(3R,4R)-3-氨基-4-甲氧基-1-哌啶基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1R,4R)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(1-氧杂-4,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-9-基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-(4-氨基-4-甲基-1-哌啶基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]-2-氘代-喹啉-8-甲腈;
5-[(2S,6R)-11-(1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈;
4-[(2S,6R)-11-[(1S,4S)-2,5-二氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]-6-甲基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-7-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-(4-哌啶基氧基)-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;和
2-氘代-5-[(2S,6R)-6-甲基-11-[(3S)-吡咯烷-3-基]氧基-4,7,10-三氮杂三环[7.4.0.02,7]十三碳-1(9),10,12-三烯-4-基]喹啉-8-甲腈;
或其药用盐。
14.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物或药用盐,其用作治疗活性物质。
15.一种药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物以及治疗惰性载体。
16.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物用于治疗或预防系统性红斑狼疮或狼疮肾炎的用途。
17.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物用于制备供治疗或预防系统性红斑狼疮或狼疮肾炎的药物的用途。
18.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物作为TLR7或TLR8或TLR9拮抗剂的用途。
19.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物用于制备用于TLR7和TLR8和TLR9拮抗剂的药物的用途。
20.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物或药用盐,其用于治疗或预防系统性红斑狼疮或狼疮肾炎。
21.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的化合物或药用盐,其根据权利要求13所述的方法制备。
22.一种用于治疗或预防系统性红斑狼疮或狼疮肾炎的方法,所述方法包括施用治疗有效量的如权利要求1至12中任一项所定义的化合物。
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