CN114665254A - Broadband circularly polarized array antenna with sequential phase feed and wearable device - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized array antenna with sequential phase feed and wearable device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114665254A CN114665254A CN202111446979.1A CN202111446979A CN114665254A CN 114665254 A CN114665254 A CN 114665254A CN 202111446979 A CN202111446979 A CN 202111446979A CN 114665254 A CN114665254 A CN 114665254A
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- dielectric substrate
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- polarized array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sequential phase feed broadband circularly polarized array antenna and wearable equipment, which comprises an upper layer medium substrate, a middle layer medium substrate and a lower layer medium substrate which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein one surface of the upper layer medium substrate is provided with a radiation unit, the other surface of the upper layer medium substrate is provided with a coupling slot unit, a strip line feeder unit is arranged between the middle layer medium substrate and the lower layer medium substrate, and the other surface of the lower layer medium substrate is provided with a floor. The invention has the advantages of low profile, wide bandwidth, stable performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a sequential phase feed broadband circularly polarized array antenna and wearable equipment.
Background
In recent years, antennas centered on the human body have become a research hotspot at home and abroad, and the antennas centered on the human body include applications implanted into the human body and applications worn on the surface of the human body. The wearable antenna is mainly applied to sports bracelets, intelligent watches and VR equipment, and besides, the wearable antenna can be applied to monitoring physiological characteristics of a human body, remote medical treatment and real-time acquisition of physiological information of the human body are achieved, and a human health database is built.
The antenna is an essential element for receiving and sending information in a wireless network, and the wearable antenna is an essential part for communication applied to a human body area network. When the antenna is mounted on a human body at different positions, the antenna may be bent or wrinkled, and the resonant frequency of the antenna may be changed. Moreover, different motions and postures of the human body also cause a problem of polarization mismatch. Therefore, the wearable antenna is wide in bandwidth, circularly polarized and stable in performance. Currently, there is relatively little research on wearable broadband circularly polarized antennas, mainly because the requirement of low profile makes the conventional wearable broadband circularly polarized technology unsuitable for wearable applications.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a sequential phase feed broadband circularly polarized array antenna and wearable equipment.
The invention effectively utilizes the mutual coupling effect between the rotary feed technology and the patch unit, can enhance the bandwidth and reduce the profile. The wearable antenna made of the full fabric can be well conformal to clothes, and is high in stability and low in cost.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband circularly polarized array antenna with sequential phase feeding comprises an upper-layer dielectric substrate, a middle-layer dielectric substrate and a lower-layer dielectric substrate which are stacked, wherein a radiation unit is arranged on one surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate, a coupling gap unit is arranged on the other surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate, a strip line feeder unit is arranged between the middle-layer dielectric substrate and the lower-layer dielectric substrate, and a floor is arranged on the other surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate.
Further, the radiation unit is composed of 2 × 2 square patches arranged in an array.
Furthermore, the coupling gap unit comprises four gaps, and the four gaps rotate 90 degrees anticlockwise or clockwise by taking the center point of the upper-layer dielectric substrate as the center of a circle in sequence.
Furthermore, the strip line feeder unit is a four-in-one power divider for distributing the input signal to four output ports in equal amplitude, the phase amplitudes of the output ports are equal, the phase difference is 90 degrees, and the electromagnetic wave is coupled to the radiation unit through a coupling gap above the output ports to form circularly polarized directional radiation.
Furthermore, the four gaps are the same in structural size, and specifically are rectangular gaps.
Furthermore, the floor is provided with four arc-shaped gaps which are symmetrical with each other.
Furthermore, the size structures of the middle layer medium substrate and the lower layer medium substrate are the same.
Further, the upper, middle and lower dielectric substrates are made of the same material.
The feed source is an SMA connector, the inner core of the feed source is connected with the strip line feeder unit, and the outer core of the feed source is connected with the coupling gap unit and the floor.
A wearable device comprises the broadband circularly polarized array antenna.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a tight coupling array structure, which can increase resonance points by utilizing the mutual coupling effect among compact patch antenna units, the resonance points are close to the main mode resonance of a patch, and a sequential phase feed network is used for achieving the effect of expanding the circular polarization bandwidth, reducing the whole size of the antenna and realizing one-way radiation.
The invention provides a strip line feeder structure with a slot on a lower floor, which improves the coupling efficiency of a feed network and reduces the backward radiation brought by a feeder. The impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna mainly cover a 5GHz frequency band, and large redundancy is left. Can keep good workability under various conditions, and is suitable for wearable application.
Drawings
FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are top, front and side views, respectively, of a sequential phase fed broadband circularly polarized array antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a coupling slot structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a stripline feed configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the floor construction of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the results of simulation and actual measurement of the reflection coefficient at the input end of the present invention in a three-layer human tissue model and different human cloths;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the present invention simulating reflection coefficients at an input end bent along different axes;
FIG. 9 is a graph of axial ratio, gain results for the present invention on a human tissue model and pork carcass;
FIG. 10 is a plot of axial ratio beamwidth at various frequencies of the present invention;
FIG. 11(a) is a graph of a simulation of the reflection coefficient of the present invention with bending along the x and y axes, respectively;
FIG. 11(b) is a simulated plot of gain versus axial ratio for the case of the present invention bending along the x and y axes, respectively;
fig. 12(a) -12 (b) are simulated and measured radiation patterns of the present invention at a frequency of 5GHz, including Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) and Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) curves.
Fig. 12(c) -12 (d) are simulated and measured radiation patterns of the present invention at a frequency of 5.5GHz, including Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) and Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) curves.
Fig. 12(e) -12 (f) are simulated and measured radiation patterns of the present invention at a frequency of 5.9GHz, including Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) and Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) curves.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the first side and the second side are opposite sides, and the printing structure of each side may be selected according to actual needs.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a sequential phase-fed broadband circular polarization array antenna includes an upper dielectric substrate 1A, a middle dielectric substrate 1B and a lower dielectric substrate 1C, which are stacked, wherein a radiation unit 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1A, a coupling slot unit 2 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a strip line feeder unit 3 is disposed between the middle dielectric substrate 1B and the lower dielectric substrate 1C, the strip line feeder unit 3 is specifically disposed on the lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate 1B, a floor 4 is disposed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 1C, and the antenna is placed on a three-layer human tissue model for simulation.
Further, the radiation unit is composed of 2 × 2 square patches arranged in an array, the side length of each square is 19mm, and the side length is related to the frequency and is about one-half of the waveguide wavelength under the working frequency. The spacing between patches is 2mm, much less than one-half wavelength as is commonly used in conventional arrays, in order to excite the coupled mode.
The array form and the patch shape of the radiation unit can be adjusted according to actual needs.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the structure and size of the middle layer medium substrate and the lower layer medium substrate are the same, and both are a trapezoid body with an upper bottom of 10mm, a lower bottom of 5mm, a height of 5mm and a thickness of 1mm, which is externally connected with a cuboid with a side length of 40mm and a thickness of 1mm, so as to facilitate welding of the radio frequency connector. The side length of the projection surface of the upper medium substrate on the z axis is 40mm, and the thickness of the upper medium substrate is 2 mm. All the dielectric substrates are made of felt, the relative dielectric constant is 1.2, and the dielectric loss is 0.02.
The radiation unit 1, the coupling gap unit 2, the strip line feeder unit 3 and the floor 4 are made of conductive nylon cloth fabric, the thickness of the fabric is 0.13 mm, and the surface resistivity of the fabric is less than 0.009 omega/sq.
As shown in fig. 4, the coupling slit unit is located right below the radiation unit, and its center coincides with the center point of the radiation unit. The coupling slit unit comprises four slits which rotate in sequence by taking the central point as a circular point. Four gaps are located four quadrants of upper dielectric substrate lower surface respectively in this embodiment 1 to the upper right quadrant is first quadrant, and then the gap in the first quadrant is vertical placing, and then the gap in second, third, the fourth quadrant rotates 90 degrees settings in proper order, and rotatory mode includes clockwise and anticlockwise. The gap is rectangular gap, and the length and width are respectively 13.5mm and 1.5 mm. The length of the gap is about a quarter of the waveguide wavelength under the working frequency, and the width mainly influences the impedance matching effect.
As shown in fig. 5, the strip line feeder unit includes one "? The four output branches are distributed on the input branch in equal proportion, and the tail ends of the output branches are sector patches for improving impedance matching.
In this embodiment, the stripline feeder unit is specifically a one-to-four power divider, and is configured to distribute input signals to four output ports at equal amplitudes, where the phases of the output ports are 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° in sequence. The electromagnetic wave is coupled to the uppermost radiation patch through a slot above the output port, thereby forming circularly polarized directional radiation. The structure has symmetry, and can be turned along the y axis according to actual needs to realize left-handed or right-handed circular polarization.
As shown in fig. 6, the floor is a lower floor with a strip line structure, four arc-shaped slots are symmetrically arranged on the floor, and the four arc-shaped slots are on the same circle, which is designed to solve the problem that the conventional microstrip feeder line structure is excessively coupled with human tissues when the antenna works near the human body. The structure improves the coupling efficiency of feed and reduces back radiation.
Further, still include feed 5, the feed is the SMA connector, and its inner core welds on stripline feeder 3, and outer core links to each other with coupling gap 2 and floor 4. The diameter of the SMA inner core is 1mm, and the filling material is Teflon.
The antenna is placed and is carried out the emulation on the three-layer human tissue model, the three-layer human tissue model is the cuboid structure, as shown in figure 3, is skin, fat, muscle layer from last to down in proper order, and its electromagnetic parameters such as relative permittivity, conductivity are different because of the change of frequency.
As shown in FIG. 7, the skin, fat and muscle layers were 2mm, 10mm and 20mm in thickness, and 100mm on each side. The distance between the antenna and the skin surface is 1mm, and the distances between the antenna and the periphery of the model are both 30 mm. When the frequency is 5GHz, the relative dielectric constants of the skin, fat and muscle layers are 35.774, 5.029 and 49.54 respectively, and the electric conductivities are 3.06S/m, 0.24S/m and 4.0448S/m respectively; when the frequency is 5.5GHz, the relative dielectric constants of the skin, fat and muscle layers are 35.363, 4.9825 and 48.883 respectively, and the electric conductivities are 3.4631S/m, 0.274S/m and 4.609S/m respectively.
As shown in FIG. 8, the antenna is simulated on a three-layer human tissue model, measured at different parts of the human body and has a reflection coefficient | S11The frequency range of | less than-10 dB is 4.25-6.63GHz (2380MHz), which covers the 5GHz frequency band in the WLAN, and the relative bandwidth reaches 43%.
As shown in FIG. 9, the antenna was simulated on a three-layer human tissue model, and measured on pork, the frequency range with an axial ratio of less than 3dB was 4.71-6.67GHz (1960MHz), and the relative bandwidth reached 34%. The average gain is about 7 dBi.
As shown in fig. 10, the antenna was simulated on a three-layer human tissue model, and the beam width with an axial ratio of less than 3dB was about 60 ° on average, measured on pork.
As shown in fig. 11(a), when the antenna is bent along the x-axis and the y-axis, the reflection coefficient is kept below-10 dB in a wide frequency band, and the performance is kept good.
As shown in fig. 11(b), when the antenna is bent along the x-axis and the y-axis, the gain-to-axis ratio performance of the antenna is substantially stable, which proves the robustness of the antenna under deformation and conformal condition with the human body.
As shown in fig. 12(a) to 12(b), 12(c) to 12(d) and 12(e) to 12(f), the radiation patterns of the XOZ and YOZ planes at three frequency points of 5.1GHz, 5.5GHz and 5.9GHz, respectively, are simulated by placing the antenna on a three-layer human tissue model and measured by placing the antenna on pork. The antenna radiates right-handed circularly polarized waves, the cross polarization ratio in the main radiation direction is about 20dB, and the half-power beam widths are 68 degrees, 64 degrees and 60 degrees at 5.1GHz, 5.5GHz and 5.9GHz respectively.
Example 2
A wearable device, including as embodiment 1a broadband circular polarization array antenna of order phase place feed, a broadband circular polarization array antenna of order phase place feed includes upper dielectric substrate, middle level dielectric substrate and lower floor's dielectric substrate that range upon range of placing, one side of upper dielectric substrate sets up the radiating element, and its another side sets up the coupling slot unit, set up stripline feeder unit between middle level dielectric substrate and the lower floor's dielectric substrate, the another side of lower floor's dielectric substrate sets up the floor.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband circularly polarized array antenna with sequential phase feeding is characterized by comprising an upper layer dielectric substrate, a middle layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer dielectric substrate which are stacked, wherein a radiation unit is arranged on one surface of the upper layer dielectric substrate, a coupling gap unit is arranged on the other surface of the upper layer dielectric substrate, a strip line feeder unit is arranged between the middle layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer dielectric substrate, and a floor is arranged on the other surface of the lower layer dielectric substrate.
2. The wideband circularly polarized array antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating elements are formed by 2 x 2 square patches arranged in an array.
3. The broadband circularly polarized array antenna of claim 1, wherein the coupling slot unit comprises four slots, and the four slots are sequentially rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise around the center point of the upper dielectric substrate.
4. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the stripline feed element is a four-in-one power divider for dividing the input signal into four output ports at equal amplitudes, the output ports have equal phase amplitudes and 90-degree phase differences, and the electromagnetic wave is coupled to the radiating element through a coupling slot above the output ports to form a circularly polarized directional radiation.
5. A wideband circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 3, wherein said four slot structures are all of the same size, in particular rectangular slots.
6. The wideband circularly polarized array antenna of claim 1, wherein said floor has four symmetrical arcuate slots.
7. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the middle dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate have the same size structure.
8. The broadband circularly polarized array antenna of claim 1, wherein the upper, middle and lower dielectric substrates are made of the same material.
9. The broadband circularly polarized array antenna of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a feed source, wherein the feed source is an SMA connector, an inner core of the SMA connector is connected to the stripline feeder unit, and an outer core of the SMA connector is connected to the coupling slot unit and the floor.
10. A wearable device comprising the wideband circularly polarized array antenna of any of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111446979.1A CN114665254A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Broadband circularly polarized array antenna with sequential phase feed and wearable device |
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| CN202111446979.1A CN114665254A (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Broadband circularly polarized array antenna with sequential phase feed and wearable device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115173055A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | High-gain broadband low-profile dual-polarized planar array antenna |
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2021
- 2021-11-30 CN CN202111446979.1A patent/CN114665254A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115173055A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | High-gain broadband low-profile dual-polarized planar array antenna |
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