CN111129720A - Wearable fabric antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide - Google Patents
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- CN111129720A CN111129720A CN202010032980.9A CN202010032980A CN111129720A CN 111129720 A CN111129720 A CN 111129720A CN 202010032980 A CN202010032980 A CN 202010032980A CN 111129720 A CN111129720 A CN 111129720A
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide. The antenna comprises an upper metal patch, a dielectric substrate layer, a lower metal ground and a feed probe which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a metal through hole array penetrating through the dielectric substrate is arranged on the dielectric substrate layer; the metal through hole array is connected with the upper metal patch and the lower metal ground. The metal through hole array, the upper metal patch and the lower metal ground form a semicircular substrate integrated waveguide cavity together; the feed probe is respectively connected with the upper-layer metal patch and the lower-layer metal ground. The upper metal patch is a circular patch with a notch and a bent rectangular gap etched on the circular patch, the notch forms an open side and is used for adjusting the resonant frequency of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and the bent rectangular gap is used for radiating electromagnetic waves. Compared with a common fabric wearable antenna, the antenna has the advantages of novel structure, wide bandwidth, good stability, low cost, easy combination with a human body and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a wearable fabric antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide.
Background
In recent years, antennas centered on the human body have become a research hotspot at home and abroad, and the antennas centered on the human body include applications implanted into the human body and applications worn on the surface of the human body. The wearable antenna is mainly applied to sports bracelets, intelligent watches and VR equipment, and besides, the wearable antenna can be applied to monitoring physiological characteristics of a human body, remote medical treatment and real-time acquisition of physiological information of the human body are achieved, and a human health database is built.
The antenna is an essential element for receiving and sending information in a wireless network, and the wearable antenna is an essential part for communication applied to a human body area network. The complexity of the human electromagnetic environment brings great challenges to the design of the wearable antenna, and when the wearable antenna is applied to different positions of a human body, bending, shrinking and other conditions can be generated, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is changed. Therefore, the wearable antenna has wide design requirement bandwidth and good stability. The wearable antenna made of the fabric has the advantages of easy conformation with clothes of a human body, comfort, low profile and the like, and is a common material for the wearable antenna. In the existing proposed wearable antenna, a monopole antenna structure (forest snow, zhanzhen, segmented duckweed, et al, flexible wearable microstrip antenna based on PDMS [ J ]. micro-nano electronic technology, 2018 (7)) or a microstrip antenna structure (yanghong, daoyang, pinto pine, textile-based wearable dual-frequency antenna design [ J ]. electronic quality, 2018(3):34-37. research on ultra-wideband and wearable antenna in highlands Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)) is generally adopted, but the two structures are simple in structure and easy to manufacture, and can be easily influenced by human body to influence antenna performance. The substrate integrated waveguide is a technology for forming a resonant cavity by communicating metal sheets which are parallel up and down through metal through holes. The high-power LED lamp has the advantages of good human body shielding function, high quality factor, high power capacity, low insertion loss and radiation loss, easiness in integration with a planar circuit and the like. The waveguide wearable antenna integrated by taking the fabric as the material substrate can well shield the influence of a human body on the antenna, and has the advantages of high stability, low cost, easiness in integration and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, which has the advantages of strong robustness, wide frequency band, low cost, high radiation efficiency, easiness in integration and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.
A wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide comprises an upper metal patch, a medium substrate layer, a lower metal ground and a feed probe which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a metal through hole array penetrating through the dielectric substrate is arranged on the dielectric substrate layer; the metal through hole array is connected with the upper metal patch and the lower metal ground;
the metal through hole array, the upper metal patch and the lower metal ground form a semicircular substrate integrated waveguide cavity together; the feed probe is respectively connected with the upper-layer metal patch and the lower-layer metal ground.
The upper metal patch is a circular patch which is provided with a notch and etched with a bent rectangular gap, the notch forms an open side, and the size of the notch is adjusted to adjust the resonant frequency of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity; the curved rectangular slot is used for radiating electromagnetic waves.
Furthermore, the width of the notch is 10.5 mm-11.5 mm; the total size of the bent rectangular gap is 7.5 mm-8.5 mm multiplied by 18.5 mm-19.5 mm, and the bent rectangular gap is positioned in the center of the patch and is 6.5 mm-7.5 mm away from the open circuit edge; the width of each rectangular gap is 0.9-1.1 mm, the interval between each small gap is 0.9-1.1 mm, the electric field of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity is mainly distributed around the bent rectangular gap, and the surface current is cut by the bent rectangular gap to form displacement current so as to effectively radiate electromagnetic waves.
Furthermore, an inner core of the feed probe is connected with the upper-layer metal patch, the inner core is placed on a left central axis and a right central axis of the whole antenna structure, and impedance matching is realized by adjusting the distance between the feed probe and a bent rectangular gap and an open-circuit edge on the upper-layer metal patch; the outer core of the feed probe is connected with the lower metal ground.
Furthermore, the medium substrate layer is made of felt materials, the relative dielectric constant of the felt materials is 1.2, the medium loss is 0.02, and the medium substrate layer is a cylinder with the height of 1.9-2.1 mm and the radius of 17-19 mm.
Further, the lower metal floor completely covers the lower surface of the medium substrate layer, and the radius of the lower metal floor is 17-19 mm; the upper metal patch and the lower metal ground are both made of conductive metal fabrics, the thickness of the metal fabrics is 0.12-0.14 mm, and the surface resistivity of the metal fabrics is less than 0.009 omega/sq.
Further, the metal through hole array is arranged at the semicircular periphery of the medium substrate layer; the metal through holes of the metal through hole array are made of brass eyelets with the radius of 0.73-0.77 mm, and the circle centers of two adjacent metal through holes are connected with the circle center of the medium substrate layer to form an included angle of 9-11 degrees; 18-20 metal through holes are arranged on the medium substrate layer in total, and form a cylindrical substrate integrated waveguide cavity together with the upper metal patch and the lower metal ground.
Furthermore, the feed probe adopts a coaxial line with the characteristic impedance of 49-51 omega, the radius of an inner core is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the radius of an outer core is 1.1-1.3 mm.
Furthermore, the working ISM frequency band of the antenna is 5.8GHz, the impedance bandwidth of 10dB in free space is 5.61-6.13 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.52GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the gain in the main radiation direction is 5.8 dBi; when the antenna is acted on a human body, the 10dB impedance bandwidth is 5.61-6.12 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.51GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the gain in the main radiation direction is 4.1 dBi; the antenna operates primarily in TM20 mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna has the characteristics of high Q value and narrow bandwidth, and the substrate integrated waveguide structure on the half-open side and the circular half-mode resonance mode are adopted, so that the Q value is effectively reduced, the bandwidth is widened, and the design requirement of the wearable antenna is met.
(2) The invention adopts the full fabric to manufacture the wearable antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide, has the advantages of easy conformation with human clothes, low cost and the like, and because the ground of the cavity is complete and the independence of the resonant cavity is strong, the performance of the antenna is slightly influenced by the human body, thereby being suitable for the design of the wearable antenna.
(3) The notch of the upper metal patch of the embodiment of the invention can not only adjust the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, but also effectively reduce the radiation on the opening side and improve the radiation efficiency because the notch forms bias with the ground.
(4) According to the embodiment of the invention, the curved slot structure is etched on the surface of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity, so that the displacement current path can be effectively prolonged, and the antenna structure is more compact.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a general top view of a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide according to an embodiment;
fig. 1b is an overall front view of a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide according to an embodiment;
fig. 1c is a left side view of the whole wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide according to the embodiment;
fig. 1d is a structural diagram of an upper metal patch of a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a model of a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide placed on three layers of human tissues according to an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a diagram of simulation results of input end reflection coefficients of the wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide in a free space and three-layer human tissue model according to the embodiment;
fig. 4 is a graph of simulation results of input end reflection coefficients of a wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide under a bending condition according to an embodiment.
Fig. 5a is a xoz plane radiation pattern simulation diagram of the wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide at 5.8GHz according to the embodiment, wherein the solid line is the main polarization and the dotted line is the cross polarization.
Fig. 5b is a simulation diagram of the radiation direction of the wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide in the yoz plane of 5.8GHz, wherein the solid line is the main polarization and the dotted line is the cross polarization.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in more detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example (b):
a wearable fabric antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1c, comprising an upper metal patch 1, a dielectric substrate layer 7, a lower metal ground 2 and a feed probe which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a metal through hole array 5 penetrating through the dielectric substrate is arranged on the dielectric substrate layer 7; the metal through hole array 5 is connected with the upper metal patch 1 and the lower metal ground 2.
As shown in fig. 1b and fig. 1c, the metal via array 5, the upper metal patch 1 and the lower metal ground 2 together form a semicircular substrate integrated waveguide cavity; the feed probe is respectively connected with the upper-layer metal patch 1 and the lower-layer metal ground 2.
As shown in fig. 1d, the upper metal patch 1 is a circular patch with a cut and a curved rectangular slot 4 etched, the cut forms an open side 8, and the resonant frequency of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity is adjusted by adjusting the size of the cut; the curved rectangular slot 4 is used for radiating electromagnetic waves.
The width of the notch is 10.5 mm-11.5 mm; the total size of the bent rectangular gap 4 is 7.5 mm-8.5 mm multiplied by 18.5 mm-19.5 mm, and the bent rectangular gap is positioned in the center of the patch and is 6.5 mm-7.5 mm away from the open circuit edge 8; the width of each rectangular gap is 0.9-1.1 mm, the interval between each small gap is 0.9-1.1 mm, the electric field of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity is mainly distributed around the bent rectangular gap 4, and the surface current is cut by the bent rectangular gap 4 to form displacement current so as to effectively radiate electromagnetic waves.
The inner core 3 of the feed probe is connected with the upper-layer metal patch 1, the inner core is placed on the left and right central axes of the whole antenna structure, and impedance matching is realized by adjusting the distance between the feed probe and the bent rectangular gap 4 and the open circuit side 8 on the upper-layer metal patch 1; the outer core 6 of the feed probe is connected to the lower metal ground 2.
The dielectric substrate layer 7 is made of a felt material, the relative dielectric constant of the felt material is 1.2, the dielectric loss is 0.02, and in the embodiment, the dielectric substrate layer 7 is a cylinder with the height of 2mm and the radius of 18 mm.
The lower metal floor 2 completely covers the lower surface of the medium substrate layer 7, and the radius is 17-19 mm; the upper metal patch 1 and the lower metal ground 2 are both made of conductive metal fabrics, in the embodiment, the thickness of the metal fabrics is 0.13mm, and the surface resistivity of the metal fabrics is less than 0.009 omega/sq.
The metal through hole array 5 is arranged on the semi-circle periphery of the medium substrate layer 7; the metal through holes of the metal through hole array 5 are made of brass eyelets with the radius of 0.73-0.77 mm, and the circle centers of two adjacent metal through holes are connected with the circle center of the medium substrate layer 7 to form an included angle of 9-11 degrees; 18-20 metal through holes are arranged on the medium substrate layer 7 in total, and form a cylindrical substrate integrated waveguide cavity together with the upper metal patch 1 and the lower metal ground 2.
In this embodiment, the feed probe is a coaxial line with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, and has an inner core radius of 0.5mm and an outer core radius of 1.2 mm.
The working ISM frequency band of the antenna is 5.8GHz, the impedance bandwidth of 10dB in free space is 5.61-6.13 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.52GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the gain in the main radiation direction is 5.8 dBi; when the antenna is acted on a human body, the 10dB impedance bandwidth is 5.61-6.12 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.51GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the gain in the main radiation direction is 4.1 dBi; the antenna operates primarily in TM20 mode.
As shown in figure 2, the invention mainly acts outside human body, and the invention and three-layer human tissue structure are combined to model, and the relative dielectric constant and the electric conductivity of the human tissue correspond to the corresponding electric characteristics at 5.8 GHz. The models are respectively an upper layer of human skin, the thickness is 1mm, the relative dielectric constant is 35.1, and the electric conductivity is 3.7 s/m; the middle layer is human body fat, the thickness is 2mm, the relative dielectric constant is 4.9, and the conductivity is 0.29 s/m; the middle layer is human muscle with a thickness of 10mm, a relative dielectric constant of 48.5 and an electrical conductivity of 4.9 s/m.
As shown in FIG. 3, the invention covers the 5.8GHz band (5.725-5.875 GHz) of ISM, the 10dB impedance bandwidth in free space is 5.61-6.13 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the 10dB impedance loan in the three-layer human body tissue model is 5.61-6.12 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%; the performance on the human body and the performance in the free space are basically unchanged, which shows that the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure has good shielding property and is suitable for the design of the wearable antenna.
As shown in FIG. 4, the echo impedance coefficient, the resonance frequency and the impedance bandwidth under the bending condition of the invention are not affected by the bending radius basically, which shows that the invention has good stability.
As shown in fig. 5a and 5b, the present invention has a radiation pattern at 5.8GHz, a cross-polarization ratio in the main radiation direction of less than 30dB, and a maximum gain in the main direction of 5.8 dBi.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any equivalent alterations, modifications or improvements made by those skilled in the art to the above-described embodiments using the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wearable fabric antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide is characterized by comprising an upper metal patch (1), a medium substrate layer (7), a lower metal ground (2) and a feed probe which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a metal through hole array (5) penetrating through the dielectric substrate is arranged on the dielectric substrate layer (7); the metal through hole array (5) is connected with the upper metal patch (1) and the lower metal ground (2);
the metal through hole array (5), the upper metal patch (1) and the lower metal ground (2) jointly form a semicircular substrate integrated waveguide cavity; the feed probe is respectively connected with the upper-layer metal patch (1) and the lower-layer metal ground (2).
2. The wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper metal patch (1) is a circular patch with a cut and a curved rectangular slot (4) etched therein, the cut forms a cut edge (8), and the resonant frequency of the cavity of the substrate integrated waveguide is adjusted by adjusting the size of the cut; the curved rectangular slot (4) is used for radiating electromagnetic waves.
3. The wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide as claimed in claim 2, wherein the width of the notch is 10.5 mm-11.5 mm; the total size of the bent rectangular gap (4) is 7.5 mm-8.5 mm multiplied by 18.5 mm-19.5 mm, and the bent rectangular gap is positioned in the center of the patch and is 6.5 mm-7.5 mm away from the opening side (8); the width of each rectangular gap is 0.9-1.1 mm, the distance between each small gap is 0.9-1.1 mm, the electric field of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity is mainly distributed around the bent rectangular gap (4), and the surface current is cut by the bent rectangular gap (4) to form displacement current so as to effectively radiate electromagnetic waves.
4. The wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner core (3) of the feed probe is connected with the upper metal patch (1), the inner core is placed on the left and right central axes of the whole antenna structure, and impedance matching is realized by adjusting the distance between the feed probe and the bent rectangular slot (4) and the open circuit edge (8) on the upper metal patch (1); the outer core (6) of the feed probe is connected with the lower metal ground (2).
5. The wearable fabric antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate layer (7) is made of felt material with relative dielectric constant of 1.2 and dielectric loss of 0.02, and the dielectric substrate layer (7) is a cylinder with height of 1.9-2.1 mm and radius of 17-19 mm.
6. The wearable fabric antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein the lower metal ground (2) completely covers the lower surface of the dielectric substrate layer (7) and has a radius of 17mm to 19 mm; the upper metal patch (1) and the lower metal ground (2) are both made of conductive metal fabrics, the thickness of the metal fabrics is 0.12-0.14 mm, and the surface resistivity of the metal fabrics is less than 0.009 omega/sq.
7. A substrate integrated waveguide based wearable fabric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal via array (5) is arranged at the semi-circular periphery of the dielectric substrate layer (7); the metal through holes of the metal through hole array (5) are made of brass eyelets with the radius of 0.73-0.77 mm, and the circle centers of two adjacent metal through holes are connected with the circle center of the medium substrate layer (7) to form an included angle of 9-11 degrees; 18-20 metal through holes are arranged on the medium substrate layer (7) in total, and form a cylindrical substrate integrated waveguide cavity together with the upper metal patch (1) and the lower metal ground (2).
8. The wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide as claimed in claim 4, wherein the feed probe is a coaxial line with a characteristic impedance of 49 Ω -51 Ω, an inner core radius of 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, and an outer core radius of 1.1 mm-1.3 mm.
9. The wearable fabric antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein the operating ISM band of the antenna is 5.8GHz, the impedance bandwidth of 10dB in free space is 5.61-6.13 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.52GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the gain in the main radiation direction is 5.8 dBi; when the antenna is acted on a human body, the 10dB impedance bandwidth is 5.61-6.12 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 0.51GHz, the relative bandwidth is 9.0%, and the gain in the main radiation direction is 4.1 dBi; the antenna operates in TM20 mode.
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| CN202010032980.9A CN111129720A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Wearable fabric antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111916910A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-10 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna |
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2020
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| US20100245204A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-09-30 | University Industry Cooperation Foundation Korea Aerospace University | Circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication |
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