CN114662263A - Blasting design parameter optimization method - Google Patents
Blasting design parameter optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114662263A CN114662263A CN202011532459.8A CN202011532459A CN114662263A CN 114662263 A CN114662263 A CN 114662263A CN 202011532459 A CN202011532459 A CN 202011532459A CN 114662263 A CN114662263 A CN 114662263A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blasting design parameter optimization method, which comprises the following steps: A. summarizing and analyzing the defects of the current blasting conditions and processes, determining the types and types of blasting parameters needing to be optimized, wherein the parameters needing to be optimized generally comprise: hole row spacing a x b, chassis resistance line w, plugging length l and super depth h; B. geology and mining technicians jointly research engineering geological conditions of a mining area and other factors influencing the blasting effect, find out a region division method and basis, perform region division on the rock mass in an exploitability manner, and select corresponding theoretical formulas to calculate blasting parameters in different regions. The invention adopts a numerical mode to operate, can establish scientific evaluation standards, avoids the problems of difficult standardization and difficult transplantation caused by depending on senses and experiences in the prior art, and can accurately determine blasting parameters and ensure the blasting effect by randomly adjusting the blasting parameters compared with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mines, in particular to a blasting design parameter optimization method.
Background
The main blasting parameters for surface mining are: the method is characterized in that blast holes are ultra-deep, hole array distance, chassis line resistance, blocking length and explosive unit consumption are determined, blasting parameters are very important for blasting quality, if the parameter design is unreasonable, the problems of large stones, root bottoms, blasting flying stones, back row tension cracking and the like are easily caused, the blasting effect and the subsequent loading efficiency are influenced, and the blasting parameters are mainly determined by two steps at present: A. determining related parameters according to lithology and engineering experience; B. and (4) performing a field blasting test, and optimizing related parameters according to a test result.
However, the above method has many problems, mainly: 1. a scientific method is lacked for evaluating the blasting effect, and the occurrence state of blasting piles and large surface blocks are mainly judged by naked eyes; 2. the optimization of blasting parameters lacks a basis, and after sensory judgment, the blasting parameters (such as hole array pitch, blockage length and the like) can not be randomly adjusted, so that the blasting parameters can not be accurately determined, and the optimal blasting effect can not be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a method for optimizing blasting design parameters to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a blasting design parameter optimization method comprises the following steps:
A. summarizing and analyzing the defects of the current blasting conditions and processes, determining the types and types of blasting parameters needing to be optimized, wherein the parameters needing to be optimized generally comprise: hole row spacing a x b, chassis resistance line w, plugging length l and super depth h;
B. geology and mining technicians jointly research engineering geological conditions of a mining area and other factors influencing blasting action, find out a region division method and basis, perform region division on the rock mass with explosibility, and select corresponding theoretical formulas to calculate blasting parameters in different regions so as to determine the initial value range of the blasting parameters;
C. carrying out field experiments in different areas to determine the optimal blasting parameters of the area, wherein the deep hole funnel tests, the single-row hole tests and the multi-row hole tests need to be carried out in sequence in the different areas, and carrying out subsequent blasting tests according to the numerical values of the deep hole funnel tests;
D. and (4) verifying and optimizing data in the mine supply area by carrying out multiple groups of experiments in different areas after the feedback of the selected plants.
Preferably, the type and type of the blasting parameters to be optimized in the step a need to be subjected to a step deep hole funnel experiment, a pitch optimization experiment and a row pitch optimization experiment.
Preferably, the bench deep hole blasting funnel experimental method is directly carried out under production conditions of 1: 1, arranging the experimental holes near the normal explosion area, detonating and shoveling the experimental holes and the production explosion area simultaneously, so that the data such as the optimal single-hole loading quantity L, the optimal crushing resistance line W, the optimal unit consumption q and the like can be preliminarily determined through the step, and the required data is provided for the next experiment.
Preferably, the optimal funnel can be obtained through analysis in the hole spacing optimization experiment, the most reasonable and optimal data such as a crushing chassis resistance line W, a single-hole loading amount L, a unit consumption q and the like in the experiment region can be obtained by combining the funnel, and after the data are obtained, several combinations of hole spacing parameters are determined, such as: and (3) grouping and comparing the groups a and b by 5.5m, the groups c and c by 6.3m, and the groups d and d by 6.8m, and finally selecting the optimal hole distance parameter f group by a similarity and comparison method.
Preferably, in the pitch optimization experiment, the obtained corresponding parameters are subjected to a pitch experiment, the pitch experiment has two purposes, one is to reduce the problems of backward impact, bulging and the like of blasting, the other is to obtain the desired w in the experiment by adjusting the pitch, and the pitch is optimized under the data, and the technical mode is the same as that of each stage, specifically: firstly, after obtaining relevant data, determining a plurality of groups of row spacing adjustment parameters such as X, X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5; secondly, performing a single-row hole experiment according to the plurality of groups of data, and then selecting an optimal row pitch b; thirdly, performing double-row, three-row and five-row experiments on the optimal row spacing, and verifying and optimizing data; and fourthly, under the optimal row pitch, adjusting the row pitch of the last row or the last two rows to obtain the optimal resistance line w by controlling the back-flushing of the explosion area.
Preferably, the summary analysis in step a is performed according to the following scheme: firstly, setting a blasting effect evaluation index, comparing the blasting effect after the test is finished with the blasting effect judged by the index, and judging whether the blasting effect meets the requirement of the evaluation index; secondly, setting a single influence factor as an x value, wherein a single blasting effect corresponding to the single influence factor x is a y value, and the single blasting influence rate is eta; thirdly, sorting the influence factors according to the obtained single-factor blasting influence rate and the size, and optimizing and adjusting the influence factor with the maximum influence degree; fourthly, obtaining the blasting parameters meeting the requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a numerical mode to operate, can establish scientific evaluation standards, avoids the problems of difficult standardization and difficult transplantation caused by depending on senses and experiences in the prior art, and can accurately determine blasting parameters and ensure the blasting effect by randomly adjusting the blasting parameters compared with the prior art.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A blasting design parameter optimization method comprises the following steps:
A. summarizing and analyzing the defects of the current blasting conditions and processes, determining the types and types of blasting parameters needing to be optimized, wherein the parameters needing to be optimized generally comprise: hole row spacing a x b, chassis resistance line w, plugging length l and super depth h;
B. geology and mining technicians jointly research engineering geological conditions of a mining area and other factors influencing blasting action, find out a region division method and basis, perform region division on the rock mass with explosibility, and select corresponding theoretical formulas to calculate blasting parameters in different regions so as to determine the initial value range of the blasting parameters;
C. carrying out field experiments in different areas to determine the optimal blasting parameters of the area, wherein the deep hole funnel tests, the single-row hole tests and the multi-row hole tests are carried out in sequence in the different areas, and the subsequent blasting tests are carried out according to the numerical values of the deep hole funnel tests;
D. and (4) verifying and optimizing data in the ore supply area by carrying out multiple groups of experiments in different areas after the feedback of the selected plants.
The numerical method is adopted for operation, scientific judgment standards can be established, the problems that standardization is difficult and transplantation is difficult due to the sense and experience in the prior art are solved, and compared with the prior art, the blasting parameter can be accurately determined by randomly adjusting the blasting parameter, so that the blasting effect is guaranteed.
And B, determining the type and type of the blasting parameters to be optimized in the step A, wherein a step deep hole funnel experiment, a hole distance optimization experiment and a row distance optimization experiment are required.
The experimental method of the step deep hole blasting funnel is directly carried out under the production condition 1: 1, arranging the experimental holes near the normal explosion area, detonating and shoveling the experimental holes and the production explosion area simultaneously, so that the data such as the optimal single-hole loading quantity L, the optimal crushing resistance line W, the optimal unit consumption q and the like can be preliminarily determined through the step, and the required data is provided for the next experiment.
The optimal funnel can be obtained through analysis in the hole distance optimization experiment, the most reasonable and optimal data such as a crushing chassis resistance line W, single-hole loading quantity L, unit consumption q and the like in the experiment area can be obtained by combining the funnel, and after the data are obtained, the combination of the physical hole distance parameters is determined, if: and (3) grouping and comparing the groups a and b by 5.5m, the groups c and c by 6.3m, and the groups d and d by 6.8m, and finally selecting the optimal hole distance parameter f group by a similarity and comparison method.
In the row pitch optimization experiment, the obtained corresponding parameters are subjected to a row pitch experiment, the two row pitch experiments aim at reducing the problems of back impact, bulging and the like of blasting, the row pitch experiment aim at obtaining w required in the experiment by adjusting the row pitch, and the row pitch is optimized under the data, wherein the technical mode is the same as that of each stage, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, after obtaining relevant data, determining a plurality of groups of row spacing adjustment parameters such as X, X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5; secondly, performing a single-row hole experiment according to the plurality of groups of data, and then selecting an optimal row pitch b; thirdly, performing double-row, three-row and five-row experiments on the optimal row spacing, and verifying and optimizing data; fourthly, under the optimal row pitch, the row pitch of the last row or the last two rows is adjusted, and the purpose is to obtain the optimal resistance line w by controlling the back punch of the explosion area.
The summary analysis in step a was performed according to the following procedure: firstly, setting a blasting effect evaluation index, comparing the blasting effect after the test is finished with the blasting effect judged by the index, and judging whether the blasting effect meets the requirement of the evaluation index; secondly, setting a single influence factor as an x value, wherein a single blasting effect corresponding to the single influence factor x is a y value, and the single blasting influence rate is eta; thirdly, sorting the influence factors according to the obtained single-factor blasting influence rate and the size, and optimizing and adjusting the influence factor with the largest influence degree; fourthly, obtaining the blasting parameters meeting the requirements.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A blasting design parameter optimization method is characterized in that: the optimization method comprises the following steps:
A. summarizing and analyzing the defects of the current blasting conditions and processes, determining the types and types of the blasting parameters to be optimized, wherein the parameters to be optimized are as follows: hole row spacing a x b, chassis resistance line w, plugging length l and super depth h;
B. geology and mining technicians jointly research engineering geological conditions of a mining area and other factors influencing the blasting effect, find out a region division method and basis, perform region division on the rock mass with explosibility, and select corresponding theoretical formulas to calculate blasting parameters in different regions so as to determine the initial value range of the blasting parameters;
C. carrying out field experiments in different areas to determine the optimal blasting parameters of the area, wherein the deep hole funnel tests, the single-row hole tests and the multi-row hole tests are carried out in sequence in the different areas, and the subsequent blasting tests are carried out according to the numerical values of the deep hole funnel tests;
D. and (4) verifying and optimizing data in the ore supply area by carrying out multiple groups of experiments in different areas after the feedback of the selected plants.
2. A method of optimizing blasting design parameters according to claim 1, wherein: and B, determining the type and type of the blasting parameters to be optimized in the step A, wherein a step deep hole funnel experiment, a hole distance optimization experiment and a row distance optimization experiment are required.
3. A method of optimizing blasting design parameters according to claim 2, wherein: the step deep hole blasting funnel experimental method is directly carried out under the production condition 1: 1, arranging the experimental holes near the normal explosion area, detonating and shoveling the experimental holes and the production explosion area simultaneously, so that the data such as the optimal single-hole loading quantity L, the optimal crushing resistance line W, the optimal unit consumption q and the like can be preliminarily determined through the step, and the required data is provided for the next experiment.
4. A method of optimizing blasting design parameters according to claim 2, wherein: the optimal funnel can be obtained through analysis in the hole distance optimization experiment, the most reasonable and optimal data such as a crushing chassis resistance line W, single-hole medicine loading quantity L, unit consumption q and the like in the experiment area can be obtained by combining the funnel, and after the data are obtained, the combination of the physical hole distance parameters is determined, if: and (3) grouping and comparing the groups a and b by 5.5m, the groups c and c by 6.3m, and the groups d and d by 6.8m, and finally selecting the optimal hole distance parameter f group by a similarity and comparison method.
5. A method of optimizing blasting design parameters according to claim 2, wherein: in the row pitch optimization experiment, the obtained corresponding parameters are subjected to a row pitch experiment, the two row pitch experiments aim at reducing the problems of back impact, bulging and the like of blasting, the row pitch experiment aim at obtaining w required in the experiment by adjusting the row pitch, and the row pitch is optimized under the data, wherein the technical mode is the same as that of each stage, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, after obtaining relevant data, determining a plurality of groups of row spacing adjustment parameters such as X, X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5; secondly, performing a single-row hole experiment according to the plurality of groups of data, and then selecting an optimal row pitch b; thirdly, performing double-row, three-row and five-row experiments on the optimal row spacing, and verifying and optimizing data; fourthly, under the optimal row pitch, the row pitch of the last row or the last two rows is adjusted, and the purpose is to obtain the optimal resistance line w by controlling the back punch of the explosion area.
6. A method of optimizing blasting design parameters according to claim 1, wherein: the summary analysis in step a is performed according to the following procedure: firstly, setting a blasting effect evaluation index, comparing the blasting effect after the test is finished with the blasting effect judged by the index, and judging whether the blasting effect meets the requirement of the evaluation index; secondly, setting a single influence factor as an x value, wherein a single blasting effect corresponding to the single influence factor x is a y value, and the single blasting influence rate is eta; thirdly, sorting the influence factors according to the obtained single-factor blasting influence rate and the size, and optimizing and adjusting the influence factor with the maximum influence degree; fourthly, obtaining the blasting parameters meeting the requirements.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115479512A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-16 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Intelligent drilling and blasting pile block rate optimization method for strip mine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115479512A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-16 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Intelligent drilling and blasting pile block rate optimization method for strip mine |
| CN115479512B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-08-22 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Intelligent drilling and blasting pile large block rate optimization method for strip mine |
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