CN114659283B - Tower type particle heat absorption system and solar photo-thermal power station comprising same - Google Patents
Tower type particle heat absorption system and solar photo-thermal power station comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114659283B CN114659283B CN202011537997.6A CN202011537997A CN114659283B CN 114659283 B CN114659283 B CN 114659283B CN 202011537997 A CN202011537997 A CN 202011537997A CN 114659283 B CN114659283 B CN 114659283B
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- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 143
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 38
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tower type particle heat absorption system and a solar thermal power station, comprising: the particle fluidization system comprises an air source power system, a particle fluidization system and a particle thermodynamic system, wherein the air source power system provides power for particle conveying in the whole system; the particles are firstly fluidized, and the fluidized particles are conveyed to a heat absorber for heating and then conveyed to a heat exchange system for heat exchange. The invention takes the gas as the conveying power of the particles, and the flow rate, the flow velocity, the track and the like of the particles can be controlled by the gas, and the flow rate and the flow velocity of the particles are relatively easy to control due to the relatively easy control and the fast response speed of the gas; the flow of the particles can be adaptively adjusted according to the fluctuation of the intensity of the external radiant energy flow, so that the temperature of the particles is kept unchanged; in addition, since the particles always circulate inside the system, there is no heat loss caused by transporting the particles from outside the system in the prior art, and the method has a great advantage over the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photo-thermal power generation, in particular relates to a tower type particle heat absorption system, and particularly relates to a tower type heat absorption system capable of actively controlling particle movement.
Background
The solar tower type photo-thermal power generation technology is in the research and development stage of the third generation technology, and one of the technical key points is to increase the temperature of working fluid, and the highest temperature is required to reach more than 700 ℃. Compared with the traditional solar salt, the solid particles can bear the temperature of more than 1000 ℃, have stable performance, large specific heat, low price, easy acquisition and easy storage, and are therefore concerned by the field of solar photo-thermal power generation.
At present, solid particles are used as working fluid to replace the traditional solar salt, and one key technical problem to be solved is that the particles fall down too fast in a heat absorber, so that the heat absorption time of the particles is short, and the temperature changes greatly along with the illumination intensity. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad have conducted a great deal of research, aiming at adjusting the residence time of the solid particles in the heat absorber by changing the movement form of the solid particles so as to control the temperature range of the particles.
The main control modes include free falling type, delayed falling type, rotary kiln type, fluidized bed type, etc., for example, chinese patent CN201810148613.8 discloses a solid particle heat absorber, the particle flow channel section can be formed into a tapered ring shape, a tapered fan shape, etc., and also can be provided with a protrusion, a recess or a structure for changing the flow direction for slowing down the movement of particles on the inclined cut section of the inner heat-insulating layer. For example, chinese patent CN201810148621.2 discloses a spiral quartz glass tube assembly as a solid particle falling flow channel, so as to extend the length of the solid particle falling flow channel and reduce the falling speed of the solid particle. As disclosed in US20120132398, an inverted V-shaped metal structure is provided for a particulate absorber that delays the fall of solid particulates. The disadvantage of the above design is that the radiation residence time of the particles in the absorber is not adjustable, and the problems of obstruction or damage of the particles, uneven particle distribution, low heat absorption efficiency and the like are easily caused.
Accordingly, the prior art is further improved and perfected for a third generation solar tower granule heat absorbing system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a tower type granule heat absorbing system which can solve the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a tower granule heat absorbing system comprising: the particle fluidization system and the particle thermodynamic system are sequentially connected, and the air supply power system provides power for conveying particles in the whole system; the particle thermodynamic system comprises a heat absorber for heating particles and a heat exchange system for heat exchange, wherein the particles are fluidized in the particle fluidization system, the fluidized particles are conveyed to the heat absorber for heating by the air source power system, the heated particles are conveyed to the heat exchange system for heat exchange with working media, the particles after heat exchange are conveyed to the particle fluidization system for circulation, and the air source is recovered.
Firstly, because the air source compression technology is mature, the air source is easy to obtain, the effect of conveying particles is good, and the heat absorption process of the particles in the heat absorber is not influenced, therefore, the invention selects the air source to be used as a power source for conveying the particles.
In addition, the invention takes the gas as the conveying power, the flow rate, the flow velocity, the track and the like of the particles can be controlled by the gas, and the flow rate and the flow velocity of the particles are relatively easy to control because the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas are relatively easy to control and the response speed is high; the flow rates of the gas and the particles are controllable, so that the flow rate of the particles can be adaptively adjusted according to the fluctuation of the intensity of the external radiant energy flow, and the particles can be fully heated in the heat exchange device to ensure that the temperature of the particles is unchanged; the particles are always circulated in the system, and gas is used as conveying power, so that heat loss caused by the fact that the elevator is adopted to convey the particles from the outside of the system in the prior art is avoided, heat exchange between the particles and the external environment is reduced, the heat loss is less, and the method has a greater advantage compared with the prior art.
In some embodiments, the particle fluidization system includes a fluidization device and a fluidization particle conduit, the fluidization device is located below the fluidization particle conduit, the heat absorber is located above the fluidization particle conduit, the fluidization particle conduit is connected with the fluidization device and the heat absorber respectively, and particles fluidized in the fluidization device are conveyed from bottom to top through the fluidization particle conduit to the heat absorber by a gas source. Compared with the existing free-falling type particle heat absorption system, the conveying mode that particles are conveyed to a heat absorption device from bottom to top obviously increases the residence time of solid particles in a quartz glass tube bundle, and improves the temperature rise of a single heat absorption process of the solid particles.
In some embodiments, the fluidization device includes a fluidization zone, a power zone, and a screen supporting particles, the fluidization zone disposed above the power zone, the screen disposed between the fluidization zone and the power zone, the power zone in communication with an air source power system; the air source power system comprises a fluidization adjusting pipeline connected with the power zone, wherein air in the air source power system flows into the power zone through the fluidization adjusting pipeline, and the air source is enabled to fully fluidize particles in the fluidization device through the dispersion effect of the filter screen.
In some embodiments, the particle fluidization system also includes a gas inlet end including a velocity increasing portion through which a gas source is further compressed to increase velocity to form a high velocity gas stream for transporting the fluidized particles to the heat sink;
A particle lifting pipeline is arranged above the speed increasing part, is connected with the fluidization particle pipeline and extends into the fluidization device; the speed increasing part is constructed into a conical structure and comprises a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end, the large-diameter end is connected with the air source power system, and the small-diameter end extends into the fluidization area and is opposite to the inlet end of the particle lifting pipeline. Further, the small diameter end passes through the filter screen at the bottom of the fluidization device, and the inlet end of the particle lifting pipeline is positioned at a preset position above the filter screen, so that particles can be ensured to efficiently and rapidly enter the particle pipeline for lifting, and the energy loss of compressed gas is avoided. The high-speed airflow compressed and accelerated by the accelerating part conveys the fully fluidized particles upwards into the particle lifting pipeline and further into the heat absorber. Wherein the transport path of the particles can be controlled by controlling the small diameter end size.
In some embodiments, the air source power system comprises an air storage device for storing an air source, a first air outlet pipeline and a second air outlet pipeline, wherein the first air outlet pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline are connected with the air storage device, the outlet end of the first air outlet pipeline is respectively connected with the fluidization adjusting pipeline and the large-diameter end of the speed increasing part, and the outlet end of the second air outlet pipeline is connected to the heat absorbing device. And an air source in the air storage device is conveyed to the particle fluidization system through the first air outlet pipeline and is used for fluidization and conveying of particles in the fluidization device, and is conveyed to the heat absorption device through the second air outlet pipeline and is used for conveying high-temperature particles to the heat exchange system. The second air outlet pipeline is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the top of the heat absorber, and provides power in a horizontal direction, so that particles in the heat absorber are output.
In some embodiments, the gas source power system further comprises a flow regulating device for regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas, the flow regulating device being provided on the first and/or second outlet pipe.
In some embodiments, the flow regulating device comprises a blower device for conveying the air source, and the effect of controlling the air source flow and speed is achieved by controlling the rotating speed of the blower device. The first air outlet pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a corresponding fan device for conveying air.
In some embodiments, the flow regulating device further comprises a gas source regulating valve, and the flow rate and the flow velocity of the output gas are controlled by controlling the opening degree of the gas source regulating valve. The first air outlet pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a corresponding air source regulating valve for regulating the flow and the flow velocity of the first air outlet pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange system includes a particle inlet end and a heat exchange device, the particle inlet end is disposed at an inlet of the heat exchange device, the particle inlet end is in communication with the heat exchange device, the particle inlet end is provided with a baffle, the baffle is disposed at a predetermined angle to an inflow direction of the particles, and the baffle is further provided with a plurality of air holes allowing air to pass through, and the size of the air holes is smaller than that of the particles. High-temperature particles in the heat absorber are conveyed to the heat exchanger through an air source, the air source is wrapped with the high-temperature particles to enter the inlet end of the particles, the high-temperature particles fall into the heat exchanger due to self gravity under the blocking effect of the baffle, and air flows out through the air holes of the baffle.
In some embodiments, the particle thermodynamic system further comprises a working medium preheating device for preheating the working medium, wherein the working medium preheating device is arranged outside the heat exchange device and connected with the heat exchange device, and is used for conveying the preheated working medium to the heat exchange device; the working medium preheating device is also respectively connected with the particle inlet end and the air source power system, and the air in the heat absorber is separated from the particle inlet end, passes through the baffle plate and enters the working medium preheating device to recover heat, and flows into the air source power system to realize circulation.
The invention also provides a solar photo-thermal power station comprising a tower-type particulate heat absorbing system as described in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
Firstly, the gas is used as the conveying power of the particles, and the flow rate, the flow velocity, the track and the like of the particles can be controlled by controlling the gas, and the flow rate and the flow velocity of the particles are relatively easy to control because the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas are relatively easy to control and the response speed is high; the flow rates of the gas and the particles are controllable, so that the flow rate of the particles can be adaptively adjusted according to the fluctuation of the intensity of the external radiant energy flow, and the particles can be fully heated in the heat exchange device to ensure that the temperature of the particles is unchanged; in addition, because the particles always circulate inside the system, the heat loss caused by adopting a lifting machine to convey the particles from the outside of the system in the prior art does not exist, namely, the heat loss of the particles is less, and the invention has greater advantages compared with the prior art.
Secondly, according to the tower type particle heat absorption system, particles are conveyed upwards from the fluidized particle pipeline from bottom to top in the fluidization device, compared with the existing free falling type particle heat absorption system, the bottom-to-top conveying mode remarkably increases the residence time of solid particles in a quartz glass tube bundle, and increases the temperature rise of a single heat absorption process of the solid particles.
Thirdly, in the tower type particle heat absorption system, gas in the fluidization adjusting pipeline enters a power area of the fluidization device, and particles in the fluidization area are fully fluidized under the dispersion action of the filter screen; the gas is further compressed and accelerated through the accelerating part of the fluidization device to form high-speed airflow for conveying the fluidized particles to the heat absorbing device.
Fourth, the first air outlet pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline of the air source power system are provided with flow adjusting devices for adjusting the flow rate and the flow velocity of air conveyed into the heat absorbing device and the fluidization device, so that the purpose of controlling the flow rate and the flow velocity of particles is achieved, and the implementation is convenient.
Fifth, the tower type particle heat absorption system of the invention, the particle thermodynamic system also comprises a working medium preheating device, and the gas in the particle thermodynamic system can be conveyed into the working medium preheating device for preheating the working medium, thereby realizing the purpose of heat recovery and saving energy.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tower granule heat absorbing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a tower type granule heat absorbing system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fluidization device of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the particle thermodynamic system of example 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals: an air source power system 100; a particle fluidization system 200; a particle thermodynamic system 300; a heat exchange system 310; a gas storage device 1; a gas inlet 2; an air source regulating valve 3; roots blower 4; a fluidization device 5; a fluidized particle conduit 6; a heat sink 7; an illumination inlet 8; a blower 9; a particle inlet end 10; a particle storage device 11; a heat exchange device 13; a cold particle storage device 14; a cryogenic particle outlet conduit 16; a first connecting pipe 17; a working medium preheating device 18; a working medium heat exchanger 19; working medium 20; a first outlet pipe 21; a fluidization regulating valve 22; a fluidization conditioning duct 23; a screen 24; fluidization particles 25; a particle feed port 26; a particle lifting pipe 27; a particle replenishment port 28; a viewing window 29; a small diameter end 30; a large diameter end 31; a particle discharge conduit 32; a fine particle outlet conduit 33; a discharge regulating valve 34; a gas outlet 181; a second outlet conduit 212.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a tower type particle heat absorption system and a solar photo-thermal power station comprising the same. Wherein, the air source can adopt air, carbon dioxide and other gases, and the working medium can adopt water. "particles" are also referred to as "solid particles".
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As used in this specification, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in this specification, the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Examples
The present embodiment provides a tower-type granule heat absorbing system, referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the tower-type granule heat absorbing system of the present embodiment, and the system specifically includes: the air source power system 100, the particle fluidization system 200 and the particle thermodynamic system 300 are sequentially connected, and the air source power system 100 provides power for conveying particles in the whole system; the particle thermodynamic system 300 comprises a heat absorber 7 and a heat exchange system 310, wherein particles are fluidized in the particle fluidization system 200, the fluidized particles are conveyed to the heat absorber 7 by an air source supplied by the air source power system 100 to be heated, the heated particles are conveyed to the heat exchange system 310 to exchange heat with working media, and the particles after heat exchange are conveyed to the particle fluidization system 200 to be recycled, and the air source is recovered.
Firstly, the air source compression technology is mature, the air source is easy to obtain, the effect of conveying particles is good, and the heat absorption process of the particles in the heat absorber 7 is not influenced, so that the air is selected as a conveying power source of the particles. Secondly, the particle flow rate and the flow velocity can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas, and the particle flow rate and the flow velocity are relatively easy to control because the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas are relatively easy to control. In addition, when the system runs under variable working conditions, the temperature of the particles can be kept unchanged by adjusting the flow rate of the particles; for example, the flow rate of the particles is adaptively adjusted according to the fluctuation of the intensity of the external radiant energy flow, so that the heating time of the particles in the heat absorber is ensured, and the temperature of the particles is ensured to be unchanged. Finally, because the particles are always circulated inside the system, the heat loss caused by adopting the elevator to convey the particles from the outside of the system in the prior art does not exist, and the heat exchange with the external environment is reduced, namely the heat loss of the particles in the embodiment is less, and the particle heat loss device has greater advantages compared with the prior art.
Specifically, the heat absorber 7 of the present embodiment may be a heat absorber, which has a light inlet 8, and sunlight is collected at the light inlet 8 to heat particles in the heat absorber 7. When the external light resource (radiation energy flow intensity fluctuation) is insufficient, the flow rate and the flow velocity of the air source are reduced, so that the flow rate and the flow velocity of particles are reduced, the residence time of the particles passing through a quartz glass tube bundle in the heat absorber 7 is prolonged, the heat absorbed by the particles in a single heat absorption process is increased, and the effects of unchanged particle temperature, no external influence and the like are achieved; on the contrary, when the external light resource (fluctuation of radiant energy flow intensity) is sufficient, the flow rate and the flow velocity of the particles are increased, and the residence time of the particles in the quartz glass tube bundles in the heat absorber device 7 is shortened, so that the temperature of the particles is kept unchanged.
In some embodiments, the particle fluidization system 200 includes a fluidization device 5 and a fluidization particle conduit 6, the fluidization device 5 is located below the fluidization particle conduit 6, the heat absorber 7 is located above the fluidization particle conduit 6, the fluidization particle conduit 6 is connected to the fluidization device 5 and the heat absorber 7, respectively, and the fluidized particles are transported from bottom to top by a gas source through the fluidization particle conduit 6 to the heat absorber 7. Compared with a free falling type particle heat absorption system in the prior art, the particle heat absorption system in the embodiment can convey particles from bottom to top, can remarkably increase the residence time of solid particles in a quartz glass tube bundle, and improves the temperature rise of a single heat absorption process of the solid particles.
In some embodiments, the fluidization device 5 includes a fluidization zone, a power zone 51, and a screen 24 for supporting particles, the fluidization zone is disposed above the power zone, the screen 24 is disposed between the fluidization zone and the power zone, and the gas source power system 100 includes a fluidization adjustment conduit 23 connected to the power zone, wherein the gas source flows into the power zone in the fluidization device 5 through the fluidization adjustment conduit 23, and the particles in the fluidization zone are fluidized by the gas source through the dispersion of the screen 24. Specifically, the fluidization device 5 is a fluidization tank, the filter screen 24 divides the fluidization tank into a fluidization area above and a power area at the bottom, and the filter screen 24 mainly plays a role in supporting particles. Meanwhile, the air source flowing into the fluidization device 5 can be more dispersed by the filter screen 24, so that particles in the fluidization tank can be fully fluidized, lifted and suspended in the fluidization tank, particles in the fluidization device 5 and the heat absorber 7 are more uniformly distributed, heat absorption efficiency can be higher due to uniform particle distribution, heat distribution is more uniform, and then the efficiency of back-end heat exchange is increased.
In some embodiments, the gas inlet end of the fluidization means 5 includes a velocity increasing portion through which the gas source is further compressed to increase velocity to form a high velocity gas stream for transporting the fluidized particles to the heat sink 7. Specifically, the speed increasing portion of the present embodiment is provided at the bottom of the fluidization device 5 to deliver a high-speed air flow into the fluidization device 5.
In this embodiment, a particle lifting pipe 27 is disposed above the accelerating portion, the particle lifting pipe 27 is connected to the fluidized particle pipe 6 upward, and the particle lifting pipe 27 extends into the fluidization device 5. The velocity increasing section is constructed in a tapered configuration including a small diameter end 30 and a large diameter end 31, the large diameter end 31 being connected to the gas source power system 100, the small diameter end 30 extending into the fluidization device 5 and being opposite the inlet end of the particle lift conduit 27.
Specifically, the particle lifting pipe 27 and the fluidized particle pipe 6 are both long and straight structures, so that the particles can be smoothly conveyed upwards. The conical accelerating part plays a role in further compressing a flowing air source, and is finally conveyed into the fluidization device 5 through the small-diameter end 30, the small-diameter end 30 is formed into a nozzle of the accelerating part, wherein the effect of changing the inflow direction of air flow can be achieved by adjusting the angle of the small-diameter end 30, and then the flow track of solid particles is controllable. Further, the small diameter end 30 passes through the filter screen 24 and extends upward, and the inlet end of the particle lift pipe 27 is located at a predetermined position above the small diameter end 30, so that the gas source can deliver fluidized particles into the particle lift pipe 27 and further along the fluidized particle pipe 6 to the heat absorber 7 after being ejected from the small diameter end 30.
Further, the bottom of the fluidization device 5 of the present embodiment is provided with a particle discharging pipe 32 and a fine particle outlet pipe 33, wherein the particle discharging pipe 32 is disposed on the side wall of the tank and located at a predetermined position above the filter screen 24, the fine particle outlet pipe 33 is disposed on the bottom of the tank and located at a predetermined position below the filter screen 24, and the fine particle outlet pipe 33 is provided with a discharging adjusting valve 34. The wear-out particles are filtered out of the filter screen 24 and discharged through a fine particle outlet conduit 33, and normal particles are discharged through a particle discharge conduit 32.
Further, the fluidization device 5 is further provided with a particle feeding port 26, and the particles subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchange system 310 enter the fluidization device 5 from the particle feeding port 26 for recycling. Further, the fluidization device 5 is further provided with a particle replenishment port 28, the reduced particles are replenished through the particle replenishment port 28, and a viewing window 29 is provided on the particle lifting pipe 27 to monitor the concentration of the fluidized particles.
In some embodiments, the air source power system 100 includes an air storage device 1 for storing an air source, a first air outlet pipeline 21 and a second air outlet pipeline 212 connected to the air storage device 1, wherein an outlet end of the first air outlet pipeline 21 is respectively connected to the fluidization adjusting pipeline 23 and the large diameter end 31 of the accelerating portion, an outlet end of the second air outlet pipeline 212 is connected to the heat absorbing device 7, the air source in the air storage device 1 is conveyed to the particle fluidization system 200 through the first air outlet pipeline 21 for fluidization and conveying of solid particles in the particle fluidization system 200, and the air source in the air storage device 1 is conveyed to the top end of the heat absorbing device 7 through the second air outlet pipeline 212 for conveying hot particles to the heat exchanging system 310.
Specifically, the outlet end of the second air outlet pipe 212 is connected to the side wall of the heat absorber 7 and is located at a predetermined position on the top of the heat absorber 7, and the air source of the second air outlet pipe 212 provides a horizontal power to convey the high-temperature particles in the heat absorber 7 to the heat exchange system 310.
Specifically, the end of the first air outlet pipeline 21 is closed, the inlet end of the fluidization regulating pipeline 23 and the large-diameter end 31 of the accelerating part are respectively connected to the first air outlet pipeline 21, and the air source is conveyed from the interior of the fluidization regulating pipeline 23 to the fluidization device 5 for fluidization of particles; the air source is compressed by the accelerating part and then is conveyed into the fluidization device 5 from the small-diameter end 30 to be used as a power source for conveying particles.
In some embodiments, the gas supply power system 100 further comprises a flow regulating device for regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas, the flow regulating device being arranged on the first gas outlet pipe 21 and/or the second gas outlet pipe 212. In this embodiment, the first air outlet pipe 21 and the second air outlet pipe 212 are both provided with the above flow rate adjusting device, and the flow rate and the flow velocity of the output gas are controlled by the flow rate adjusting device, so as to further control the flow rate and the flow velocity of the solid particles, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the residence time of the particles in the heat absorber 7 and keeping the temperature of the particles constant.
In some embodiments, the flow regulating device comprises a fan device mainly used for conveying the air source, and the effect of controlling the air source flow and the air flow rate is achieved by controlling the rotating speed of the fan device. Specifically, the fan device of the first air outlet pipeline 21 in this embodiment is a Roots blower 4, which provides an air source for the particle fluidization system 200 at the rear end, and fluidizes and conveys the particles in the fluidization device 5 to the heat absorber 7. The fan device of the second air outlet pipeline 212 is a blower 9, and high-temperature particles are conveyed to the heat exchange system 310 at the rear end. The rotation speed of the Roots blower 4 is adjustable, and when the rotation speed of the Roots blower 4 is increased, the flow and the flow speed of corresponding particles are also increased, so that the residence time of the particles in the heat absorber 7 is reduced, namely the particle heating time is shortened; on the contrary, when the rotation speed of the Roots blower 4 is reduced, the flow rate and the flow velocity of the particles are respectively reduced, so that the residence time of the particles flowing through the heat absorber 7 is prolonged, and the heating time of the particles is prolonged.
In some embodiments, the flow regulating device further comprises a gas source regulating valve 3, and the opening of the gas source regulating valve 3 is controlled to control the flow rate and the flow velocity of the output gas, so as to control the flow rate and the flow velocity of the particles. Specifically, the first air outlet pipe 21 and the second air outlet pipe 212 of this embodiment are respectively provided with the air source adjusting valve 3 described above, so as to control the flow rate and the flow velocity of the output air source.
Further, the flow regulating device further comprises a fluidization regulating valve 22 arranged on the fluidization regulating pipeline 23, wherein the fluidization regulating valve 22 is used for regulating the wind speed and the wind quantity entering the power zone 51 of the fluidization device 5 so as to control the initial fluidization state of particles; in addition, the fluidization regulating valve 22 also functions to distribute the air volume for fluidization and the air volume entering the speed increasing portion.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange system 310 includes a particle inlet 10 and a heat exchange device 13 connected to the particle inlet 10, the particle inlet 10 is disposed at an inlet of the heat exchange device 13, and the particle inlet 10 communicates with the heat exchange device 13. The particle inlet end 10 is provided with a baffle plate arranged at a predetermined angle to the direction of inflow of the particles, and with a number of air holes allowing the passage of air therethrough, the size of which is smaller than the size of the particles. The high-temperature particles in the heat absorber 7 are conveyed to the heat exchange system by gas, the gas is wrapped by the high-temperature particles and enters the particle inlet end 10, the high-temperature particles fall into the heat exchanger 13 due to self gravity under the blocking action of the baffle, and the gas flows out through the air holes on the baffle.
In this embodiment, the particle inlet 10 includes a housing, and a baffle disposed in the housing, wherein the baffle is fixed in the housing, and a gap is left between the lower edge of the baffle and the housing to allow particles to flow out to the heat exchange device 13.
The particle inlet end 10 is connected with the heat absorber 7, and the heat exchanger 13 is connected with the fluidization device 5 of the particle fluidization system 200; the high-temperature particles enter the heat exchange system 310 from the particle inlet end 10, and are conveyed to the particle fluidization system 200 for circulation after heat exchange with working media is completed in the heat exchange device 13.
Specifically, the particle thermodynamic system further includes a hot particle storage device 11 and a cold particle storage device 14, where the hot particle storage device 11 is a particle hot tank, and the cold particle storage device 14 is a particle cold tank, and the particle inlet 10, the hot particle storage device 11, the heat exchange device 13, and the cold particle storage device 14 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, so that when particles enter the heat exchange system 310 from the particle inlet 10, the high-temperature particles 12 can be stored in the hot particle storage device 11 due to their own gravity. In addition, after the heat exchange device 13 completes the heat exchange, the low-temperature particles 15 enter the cold particle storage device 14 for storage. The outlet end of the cold particle storage device 14 is provided with a low-temperature particle outlet pipeline 16, the low-temperature particle outlet pipeline 16 is connected with a feeding pipeline 26 of the fluidization device 5, and low-temperature particles enter the fluidization device 5 from the low-temperature particle outlet pipeline 16 for recycling. Wherein, the outlet end of the hot particle storage device 11, the outlet end of the heat exchange device 13 and the outlet end of the cold particle storage device 14 are respectively provided with a regulating valve for regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity of the output particles.
Specifically, the particle inlet 10 is connected to the heat absorber 7 through a communication pipe, the connection between the communication pipe and the heat absorber 7 should be opposite to the second air outlet pipe 212, the air source of the second air outlet pipe 212 provides a horizontal power to convey the high-temperature particles in the heat absorber 7 into the communication pipe, and the air source further conveys the high-temperature particles to the heat exchange system 310. Wherein, the outlet end of the communicating pipe is positioned above the baffle plate.
The heat exchange device 13 of the embodiment comprises a heat exchange tank body and a working medium heat exchanger 19, wherein the working medium heat exchanger 19 is arranged in the heat exchange tank body, and high-temperature particles exchange heat with working medium in the working medium heat exchanger 19 in the heat exchange tank body.
In some embodiments, the particle thermodynamic system 300 further comprises a working medium preheating device 18 for preheating the working medium, wherein the working medium preheating device 18 is arranged outside the heat exchange device 13, and the working medium preheating device 18 is connected with the heat exchange device 13 and is used for conveying the preheated working medium to the heat exchange device 13. The working medium preheating device 18 is also respectively connected with the particle inlet end 10 and the air source power system 100, and the air in the heat absorber 7 passes through the baffle plate and enters the working medium preheating device 18 to preheat the working medium, so as to recover heat, and then flows into the air source power system 100 for recycling.
Specifically, the working medium preheating device 18 is a working medium preheater, the working medium preheating device 18 is connected with the working medium heat exchanger 19 in the heat exchange device 13, and the cold working medium is preheated by the working medium preheating device 18 and then is conveyed to the working medium heat exchanger 19 to exchange heat with high-temperature particles in the heat exchange tank body. The working medium preheating device 18 is connected with the particle inlet end 10 through the first connecting pipeline 17, the working medium preheating device 18 is further provided with a gas outlet 181, the gas storage device 1 is further provided with a gas inlet 2, the gas outlet 181 is connected with the gas inlet 2 of the gas storage device 1, hot gas in the particle inlet end 10 heats cold working medium in the working medium preheating device 18 to recover heat, and the gas after heat exchange enters the gas storage device 1 from the gas outlet 181 for recycling.
Further, the working process of the tower type particle heat absorption system is as follows:
The air supply power system 100 provides transport power for the rear particle fluidization system 200 and the particle thermodynamic system 300.
Flow path of particles: the solid particles in the fluidization device 5 are fully fluidized under the action of an air source and are sequentially conveyed to the heat absorber 7 through the particle lifting pipeline 27 and the fluidization particle pipeline 6, sunlight is converged in the illumination inlet 8 to heat the particles in the heat absorber 7, the fully heated particles are conveyed to the heat exchange system 310 along the communicating pipeline, high-temperature particles fall into the particle inlet end 10 due to self gravity and are stored in the hot particle storage device 11, then flow into the heat exchange device 13 to exchange heat with working media, the particles after heat exchange are conveyed to the cold particle storage device 14 to be stored, and enter the fluidization device 5 again through the low-temperature particle outlet pipeline 16 at the outlet end of the cold particle storage device 14 and the particle feed inlet 26 of the fluidization device 5, so that the recycling of the particles is completed.
Wherein the abraded particles leak through the screen 24 at the bottom of the fluidization device 5 into the bottom of the fluidization tank and are discharged from the fine-particle outlet duct 33 at the bottom side wall of the fluidization tank. When the particles need to be replenished, the particles are replenished through the particle replenishment port 28 of the fluidization device 5. The particles in the fluidization device 5 can be discharged through the particle discharge pipe 32 to check the degree of abrasion of the particles.
Flow path one of the air source: the air source flows out from the first air outlet pipeline 21 of the air storage device 1, is compressed by the Roots blower 4 and is divided into two paths of air flows, wherein one path of air flows enters the power area 51 at the bottom of the fluidization device 5 through the fluidization adjusting pipeline 23 and is dispersed by the filter screen 24, so that particles in the fluidization device 5 are fully fluidized. The other air flow is further compressed and accelerated by the accelerating part, and is ejected from the small diameter end 30, so that the sufficiently fluidized particles in the fluidizing means 5 are conveyed upward to the heat absorbing means 7. Flow path II of the air source: the air source flows out from the second air outlet pipeline 212 of the air storage device 1, flows into the heat absorbing device 7 after being compressed by the air blower 9, and conveys the fully heated particles to the heat exchanging system 310 towards the rear end.
The gas in the system flows into the working medium preheating device 18 from the outlet end of the particle inlet end 10 and the first connecting pipeline 17, and after heat exchange between the hot gas and the working medium in the working medium preheating device 18, the gas flows into the gas storage device 1 from the gas outlet 181 of the working medium preheating device 18 for storage, so that the gas recycling is completed.
Examples
This embodiment provides a solar thermal power plant comprising the tower granule heat absorbing system of embodiment 1.
The foregoing disclosure is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It should be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Modifications and adaptations of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art and are intended to be within the scope of the invention in practice.
Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A tower granule heat absorbing system, comprising: the particle fluidization system comprises an air source power system, a particle fluidization system and a particle thermodynamic system, wherein the air source power system, the particle fluidization system and the particle thermodynamic system are sequentially connected; the air source power system, the particle fluidization system and the particle thermodynamic system are sequentially connected;
the particle thermodynamic system comprises a heat absorber for heating particles and a heat exchange system for heat exchange, wherein the particles are fluidized in the particle fluidization system, the fluidized particles are conveyed to the heat absorber by the air source power system for heating, the heated particles are conveyed to the heat exchange system for heat exchange with working media, and the particles after heat exchange are conveyed to the particle fluidization system for circulation;
the particle fluidization system comprises a fluidization device and a fluidization particle pipeline, wherein the fluidization device is positioned below the fluidization particle pipeline, the heat absorber is positioned above the fluidization particle pipeline, the fluidization particle pipeline is respectively connected with the fluidization device and the heat absorber, and particles fluidized in the fluidization device are conveyed to the heat absorber from bottom to top through the fluidization particle pipeline;
The fluidization device comprises a fluidization area, a power area and a filter screen for supporting particles, wherein the fluidization area is arranged above the power area, the filter screen is arranged between the fluidization area and the power area, and the power area is communicated with an air source power system;
the air source power system provides power for conveying particles in the whole system, and the flow rate of the particles are adjusted by controlling the flow and the flow rate of the air output by the air source power system;
the air source power system comprises an air storage device for storing an air source, a first air outlet pipeline, a second air outlet pipeline and a fluidization adjusting pipeline, wherein the first air outlet pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline are connected with the air storage device, and the fluidization adjusting pipeline is connected with the power region;
The outlet end of the first air outlet pipeline is respectively connected with the fluidization adjusting pipeline and the speed increasing part; the air source in the air storage device flows into the power area through the fluidization adjusting pipeline, and particles in the fluidization device are fluidized through the dispersion effect of the filter screen; the air source in the air storage device is further compressed and accelerated by the acceleration part to form high-speed air flow for conveying the fluidized particles to the heat absorber;
The outlet end of the second air outlet pipeline is connected to the heat absorber, and an air source in the air storage device is conveyed to the top end of the heat absorber through the second air outlet pipeline and is used for conveying hot particles to the heat exchange system.
2. The tower pellet heat absorption system according to claim 1, wherein the acceleration section is configured as a conical structure, the acceleration section comprising a small diameter end and a large diameter end, the large diameter end being connected to the gas source power system, the small diameter end extending into the fluidization region and opposite the inlet end of the pellet lifting duct.
3. The tower pellet heat absorption system according to claim 2, wherein the gas source power system further comprises a flow regulating device for regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity of the gas, the flow regulating device being provided on the first gas outlet pipe and/or the second gas outlet pipe.
4. A tower granule heat absorption system according to claim 3 wherein said flow regulating means comprises a blower means for delivering a gas; alternatively, the flow regulating device comprises an air source regulating valve.
5. The tower type granule heat absorbing system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanging system comprises a granule inlet end and a heat exchanging device, the granule inlet end is provided at an inlet of the heat exchanging device, the granule inlet end communicates with the heat exchanging device, the granule inlet end is provided with a baffle plate, the baffle plate is provided in a manner of a predetermined angle with a granule inflow direction,
The baffle is also provided with a plurality of air holes allowing air to pass through, and the size of the air holes is smaller than that of the particles.
6. The tower type granule heat absorption system according to claim 5, wherein the granule thermodynamic system further comprises a working medium preheating device for preheating the working medium, the working medium preheating device is arranged outside the heat exchange device and connected with the heat exchange device, wherein,
The working medium preheating device is also respectively connected with the particle inlet end and the air source power system, and the air in the heat absorber passes through the baffle and enters the working medium preheating device for heat recovery, and then flows into the air source power system to realize circulation.
7. A solar thermal power plant comprising a tower particulate heat absorbing system as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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