CN114651754B - Industrial cultivation method for Seriola quinquefolia seedlings - Google Patents
Industrial cultivation method for Seriola quinquefolia seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
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- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 241000269796 Seriola quinqueradiata Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a factory cultivation method for Seriola quiniola fries, and belongs to the technical field of marine fish cultivation. According to the invention, by arranging methods such as night illumination, flow-making and sedimentation prevention in the culture pond, diversified bait series, hanging rod induced bait conversion, low-stress grading screening and the like on the water surface of the culture pond, the survival rate of the seed cultivation is improved, the growth and development of the seed are promoted, the high-quality yellow-striped seedlings are cultivated in batches, and the seedling guarantee is provided for the development of the deep-open sea culture industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine fish culture, and particularly relates to a method for industrially culturing Seriola quinquefolia seedlings.
Background
Yellow Seriola lalandi is a marine economic fish with a water layer widely distributed in the global ocean, and is distributed along the coast of China. The yellow quince has the characteristics of large shape, fast growth, delicious meat, rich nutrition and the like, the nutrition quality and the taste freshness can be compared with salmon and tuna, the yellow quince is a high-end food material for making raw fish slices, sushi and the like, and the yellow quince is favored by the international consumer market, and has large market demand and good development prospect. The yellow seriiola is not only suitable for industrial circulating water cultivation, but also is ideal for cultivating fishes in deep-open sea large-scale cultivation facilities such as deepwater storm-resistant net cages, large-scale fences, cultivation ships and the like. At present, more than 10 countries such as Japan, australia, new Zealand, america and Chilean have developed yellow Seriola cultivation internationally. In China, a yellow-bar seriolae cultivation test is also developed since 2012, and a land-sea relay cultivation process is primarily developed. However, in the past, the cultivation of the yellow serials at home and abroad mainly relies on capturing wild seedlings, and particularly, millions of yellow serials wild seedlings are purchased in the sea area of yellow east China in Japan every year for the cultivation in China. In recent years, with the excessive fishing of wild seedlings, the capturing amount of the wild seedlings of the Seriola quinquefolia in the sea area of China is continuously reduced, so that the research on artificial breeding and cultivation technology of the Seriola quinquefolia is developed, and natural resources of the Seriola quinquefoil are protected. Although research on artificial breeding technology of yellow quince is started in countries such as japan internationally since 90 years of the last century, the large-scale breeding technology of seedlings is not broken through internationally at present, the number of seedlings cultivated in nationwide countries such as japan and australia is only 10-20 ten thousand, the cultivation technology of seedlings is unstable, the number of annual seedlings cultivated is large, the requirements of cultivation industry cannot be met far, the cultivation technology becomes the bottleneck for restricting the development of the yellow quince cultivation industry, a stable seedling cultivation technology system needs to be established, the large-scale cultivation and production supply of high-quality yellow quince seedlings are realized, and the cultivation industry is supported to be continuously and healthily developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a method for industrially cultivating the yellow-striped seedlings, which utilizes land-based industrial seedling cultivation facilities to invent novel methods such as night illumination, flow-making and sedimentation prevention, diversified bait series, hanging rod induced bait conversion, low-stress graded screening and the like, improves the survival rate of the seedlings cultivation, promotes the growth and development of the seedlings, cultivates high-quality yellow-striped seedlings in batches and provides seedling guarantee for the development of the deep-open sea cultivation industry.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for industrial cultivation of Seriola quinqueradiata seedlings comprises cultivation facilities, fertilized egg hatching management, bait series and feeding strategy, environment regulation management and intermediate cultivation.
1. Cultivation facility
The seedling raising facility is an indoor culture container with the volume of 10-25m 3 An independent water inlet and drainage system is arranged;
2. fertilized egg hatching management
Collecting fertilized eggs from a parent fish spawning pond by adopting a water overflow method, separating the floating eggs, recording the quantity of floating fertilized eggs, selecting high-quality fertilized eggs to hatch in a hatching net cage in an indoor culture container, controlling hatching conditions, and transferring the fertilized eggs into a culture pond when embryos develop to 4/5 of the subgerminal bags;
the high-quality fertilized eggs are obtained by observing blastoderm cleavage morphology by utilizing a microscope, and selecting fertilized eggs with neat cleavage morphology and clear constriction for hatching;
further, the specification of the hatching net box is 100cm multiplied by 70cm multiplied by 50cm, and the mesh of the netting is 60 meshes;
further, the fertilized egg hatching conditions are as follows: the water temperature is 20-21 ℃, the salinity is 28-30, the pH is 7.8-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6mg/L, and the flowing water is slightly aerated, so that fertilized eggs keep a floating state in the water, and the hatching density of the fertilized eggs is 10-15 multiplied by 10 4 Particle/m 3 ；
Transferring fertilized eggs to a culture pond, directly and uniformly distributing fertilized eggs which are developed to be under the embryo body by 4/5 or more and keep a floating state in the offspring seed culture pond, and directly culturing the hatched fries in the offspring seed culture pond;
3. bait series and feeding strategy
The bait series for breeding the fries is mixed feed of rotifer-artemia nauplii-artemia adults-frozen artemia and cladocera-minced fish-jade muscle fish;
the rotifer feeding time starts from the 3 rd day after the larva fish hatching out the membrane, feeding is carried out according to 10-15 pieces/mL until the feeding is carried out for 16 days, and meanwhile, the eye drop microcystis is added into the cultivation pool to create a green water cultivation environment;
the feeding time of the artemia nauplii starts from 14 th day until 35 days, and the feeding density is 2-3/mL;
the feeding time of the artemia adults starts from 30 days, and fresh artemia adults are fed, so that seedlings are induced to transfer baits from artemia nauplii to the artemia adults;
the feeding time of the frozen artemia and the branch horns starts from the 40 th day of seedlings, and the frozen artemia and the branch horns are mixed and fed with the fresh artemia adults, wherein the mixed feeding time is 5-7 days;
the feeding time of the minced fish is from 50 days, the fixed-point hanging rod method is adopted to induce feeding, and the minced fish is fed after 5-7 days of induction;
further, the fixed-point hanging rod method is to wind the bolting silk on the pipe fitting by utilizing the pipe fitting, smear the minced fillet on the bolting silk after freezing, and hang the minced fillet at fixed points in a cultivation pool to guide the offspring seeds to gradually adapt to the minced fillet ingestion;
the feeding time of the jade muscle fish starts from 80 days, the fish meat paste of the offspring feed is gradually changed into the ice fresh jade muscle fish which is cut into blocks, and then the ice fresh jade muscle fish is changed into compound feed or continuously fed with the jade muscle fish;
4. environmental regulation management
The environmental regulation and control management refers to regulation and control and management including water environment, illumination environment, pool bottom environment and oxygenation flow making, so that the environment regulation and control management meets the environmental physiological requirements of growth and development of seedlings;
the water environment regulation refers to that when fertilized egg cloth pools with the volume of more than 4/5 are wrapped under embryo bodies, the water level of the culture pools is increased to 100cm, and the fertilized eggs are cultivated in still water in the first three days; changing water for 10cm every day from day 4, changing water for 20cm every day from day 8; the water change rate gradually increases to 50% along with the growth of the seedlings; cultivation conditions: the water temperature is 21-25 ℃, the salinity is 30-32, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6mg/L, pH, 7.8-8.0, [ NH ] 4 -N]Less than or equal to 0.1mg/L; monitoring the water quality change condition in the seedling raising process;
the illumination environment management manually sets an LED light source above the cultivation pool, and keeps illumination at night, so that the illumination intensity of the water surface reaches more than 500lux, and the sudden settlement type death of seedlings is prevented; culturing pond strong illumination in daytime, and keeping water surface illumination intensity at 10000-20000lux;
the pool bottom environment management means that the pool bottom is cleaned 1 time every 2-3 days according to the deposition condition of residual baits and feces at the pool bottom of the seedling pool;
the oxygenation and flow making means that embryo development is carried out until fertilized egg cloth pond with the lower bag more than 4/5 is reached, and micro-inflation cultivation is carried out 6 days after the hatching of the larva fish, wherein micro-bubbles are visible on the water surface, the inflation amount is increased from the 7 th day, and obvious swelling and water bloom are visible on the water surface, so that the larva is suspended in the water for swimming; after the seedlings grow to 12 days, 6-8 circulation plates are arranged on the wall of the seedling cultivation pool, clockwise water flow is artificially manufactured by using a baffle plate and air inflation, the circulation speed is regulated to be 0.2-0.3m/S by adjusting the angle and the air inflation amount of the circulation plates, the seedlings are supported to flow in a water top-flow cluster for swimming, and the seedlings are effectively prevented from sedimentation type death;
5. intermediate cultivation
When the seedlings grow to more than 2cm, the individual specification difference is increased, the seedlings are required to be classified and screened in time, intermediate cultivation is respectively carried out after the seedlings are selected, the growth of the seedlings is promoted through bait conversion and environmental control, the intermediate cultivation management is enhanced until the seedlings grow to the commercial seedling specification, and the seedlings are sold on the market;
the grading screening operation is that firstly, aiming at the physiological state of high stress of the seedlings, the oxygen content in the pool is ensured to be more than 8mg/L before grading screening, meanwhile, after the water level is discharged to 40-50cm, grading operators drop the cultivation pool to drive the seedlings for 3 circles along and against the swimming direction of the seedlings, when the seedlings adapt to the manual operation intensity, part of the seedlings are encircled by a surrounding net, the seedlings are fished into a white bucket or a plastic basin by using a soft hand net, and are transferred into a grading sieve placed in a new cultivation pool;
further, the classifying screen selects proper meshes according to the sizes of the seedlings, and after the small-size seedlings escape to a new cultivation pool through the meshes of the screen, the large-size seedlings in the classifying screen are transferred to another new cultivation pool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for industrially cultivating Seriola quinquefoil fries, which is characterized in that high-quality fertilized eggs are discriminated and selected for fries cultivation according to the physiological and ecological characteristics of early life history of ocean economic fishes through cleavage morphology, so that smooth fries cultivation is ensured from the source. In the process of cultivating the fries, novel technologies such as night illumination, flow making and sedimentation prevention, diversified bait series, hanging rod induced bait conversion, low-stress grading screening and the like which are different from those of other fish fries are developed, so that the growth and development of the fries are promoted, the sedimentation death of early fries at night is greatly reduced, the effect of controlling the residual food consumption reduction caused by growth difference is better, the survival rate of the fries cultivation is improved, the industrial cultivation technology of yellow-strip fries is broken through for the first time in China, the batch of high-quality large-specification fries are successfully cultivated, and high-quality seedling guarantee is provided for the development of the cultivation industry.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention is further explained by examples below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the examples.
Examples: industrialized cultivation technology of yellow-strip Seriola seedlings of Dalianfu cereal food limited company.
In 2017-2019, industrial seedling raising technology research of Seriola quinquefoil is developed in Dalian Fugu food limited company, and the method is implemented according to the following technical scheme.
1. Cultivation facility
The offspring seed cultivation and utilization of the indoor cement pool of Dalianfu cereal food limited company is hexagonal in shape and 20m in volume 3 The depth of the pool is 1.2 meters. The pool bottom has 10 degrees of centripetal inclined slope, a water outlet is arranged at the central part of the pool bottom, a PVC pipe with the diameter of 200mm is arranged as a central column, and the water outlet is communicated with a water outlet outside the pool through a pipeline buried below the pool bottom; holes with diameters of 0.8-1.2cm are drilled in the area 10cm to 50cm away from the bottom of the central column and used for draining, 60 mesh bolting silk is sleeved in the perforated area in the early stage of seedling culture, and the bolting silk can be removed in the later stage of seedling culture; a corner of the cultivation pool is arranged at the outlet outside the pool, and the water level in the pool is controlled by a PVC pipe with the diameter of 200 mm.
2. Fertilized egg hatching management
Parent fish naturally spawns in a culture pondAnd collecting fertilized eggs by adopting an overflow method, separating the floating eggs by using a measuring cylinder with the volume of 2000ml, and recording the number of the floating fertilized eggs. The cleavage morphology is observed by a microscope, and preferably high-quality fertilized eggs with neat cleavage morphology and clear cleavage zone (when the fertilized eggs account for more than 80% of the fertilized eggs in the batch) are used for hatching. Hatching fertilized eggs in a hatching net cage of an indoor cement pond, wherein the hatching net cage is manufactured by manufacturing a frame by using PVC pipe fittings with the diameter of 50mm, the specification is 100cm multiplied by 70cm multiplied by 50cm, and a 60-mesh bolting silk with the same size is hung. Fertilized egg hatching conditions are: the water temperature is 20-21 ℃, the salinity is 28-30, the pH is 7.8-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6mg/L, and the flowing water is slightly aerated, so that fertilized eggs keep floating in the water, and the hatching density of the fertilized eggs is 10-15 multiplied by 10 4 Particle/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Observing the development condition of fertilized eggs, cleaning the eggs settled in an incubation net cage periodically, directly and uniformly distributing fertilized eggs which develop to 4/5 or more under the embryo bodies in an incubation pool, directly incubating the post-incubation larvae in the pool, and distributing 200g of eggs in each incubation pool.
3. Bait series and feeding strategy
The bait series for breeding the fries is a compound feed of rotifer-artemia nauplii-artemia adults-frozen artemia and cladocera-minced fish-jade muscle fish. The rotifer feeding time is 10-15 pieces per mL after the larva fish is opened (3 days after the larva fish is hatched and has a film), until the larva fish is fed for 16 days, and chlorella is added into a cultivation pool to create a green water cultivation environment; the feeding time of artemia nauplii starts from day 14 until 35 days, and the feeding density is 2-3/mL; feeding live artemia adults from 30 days, and inducing seedlings to transfer baits from nauplii to artemia adults; the feeding time of the frozen artemia and the cladocera begins from 40 days of seedlings, and the frozen artemia and the cladocera are mixed and fed with the live artemia adults, wherein the mixed feeding period is 5-7 days.
The feeding time of the minced fillet starts from 50 days, the minced fillet is guided to be fed by adopting a fixed-point hanging rod method, the minced fillet can be fed by the offspring seeds after 5-7 days, the fixed-point hanging rod method is to wind the minced fillet with 20 meshes on a pipe fitting made of PVC or PE with the diameter of 50mm (with the diameter of 32-50 mm) to be about 2cm thick, the minced fillet is smeared on the minced fillet after being frozen, the fixed-point hanging is carried out in a cultivation pool, the offspring seeds are induced to gradually adapt to the minced fillet feeding, the offspring seeds are found to actively and rob the minced fillet after 5-7 days, then the hanging rod is removed, and the minced fillet feeding is changed into direct feeding. The feeding time of the jade muscle fish starts from 80 days, the fish meat paste of the offspring feed is gradually changed into the ice fresh jade muscle fish which is cut into blocks, and the ice fresh jade muscle fish can be changed into compound feed or continuously fed with the jade muscle fish later.
4. Environmental regulation management
The environment regulation and control management comprises the regulation and control and management of water environment, illumination environment, pool bottom environment, oxygenation and flow generation, low-stress hierarchical screening and the like, so that the environment regulation and control management meets the environmental physiological requirements of the growth and development of the seedlings. When the newly hatched fries are laid out in the pond, the water level of the cultivation pond is increased to 100cm. In the seedling raising process, the water is changed for 10cm every day from the first three days of still water cultivation, and the water is changed for 20cm every day from the 4 th day; the water change rate gradually increased to 50% as seedlings grew. Cultivation conditions: the water temperature is 21-25 ℃, the salinity is 30-32, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6mg/L, pH, 7.8-8.0, [ NH ] 4 -N]Less than or equal to 0.1mg/L. In the seedling raising process, the water quality change condition is monitored, and when the water quality is poor, microecological preparations such as bacillus, EM microbial inoculum and the like are used for regulation and control.
The artificial light source is arranged above the seed cultivation pool, 4 LED lamps with the power of 60W are arranged, and repeated experiments and observation show that when the illumination intensity of the water surface of the seed cultivation pool at night reaches more than 500lux, the sedimentation type death of early-stage seeds (10-15 days after incubation) can be effectively reduced by more than 50%, so that the illumination intensity of the seed cultivation pool is temporarily kept at more than 500lux at night in the early-stage seed cultivation process, and the sedimentation type death of the seeds can be effectively prevented; during daytime, natural light can directly irradiate the cultivation pond through a window on one side of the cultivation pond, sunshade glass fiber reinforced plastic tiles on the top of a workshop where the cultivation pond is located are removed, strong illumination is provided for the cultivation pond, an influence test of illumination teams on early-stage offspring survival and growth is carried out, and as a result, when the illumination intensity of the water surface of the cultivation pond is kept at 10000-20000lux during daytime, early-stage offspring swimming, ingestion and growth can be effectively promoted, and meanwhile, the survival rate is also lower.
In the seed cultivation process, according to the deposition condition of residual baits and feces at the bottom of the seedling raising pond, the bottom of the pond is cleaned 1 time every 2-3 days by using a bottom sucking device, so that the diseases caused by bacteria growing in the accumulation of the residual baits and the feces are prevented. Micro-aeration cultivation is kept within 6 days after the seedlings are laid out in a pond, the air charge is increased from the 7 th day when tiny bubbles are visible on the water surface, and obvious swelling and water bloom are visible on the water surface, so that the seedlings are suspended in the water for swimming, and the seedlings are effectively prevented from sedimentation type death; after the seedlings grow for 12 days, a circulation plate is arranged in the seedling cultivation pool, water flow is manufactured artificially, the swimming activity of the seedlings in the water is enhanced, and meanwhile, residual baits and excrement are convenient to collect and discharge from the central column. After the seedlings grow to 12 days, 6-8 circulation plates are arranged on the wall of the seedling cultivation pool, clockwise water flow is artificially manufactured by using a baffle plate and air inflation, the circulation speed is regulated to be 0.2-0.3m/S by regulating the angle and the air inflation amount of the circulation plates, and the seedlings are found to swim in the water multi-cluster top flow under the flow speed, so that the probability of subsidence death of the seedlings is greatly reduced.
5. Intermediate cultivation
When the seedlings grow to more than 2cm, the growth difference is increased, grading screening is performed in time, the seedlings are subjected to size sorting and then are respectively subjected to intermediate cultivation in different cultivation pools, the growth of the seedlings is promoted through bait conversion, intermediate cultivation management is enhanced until commodity seedlings are in specification, and the seedlings are sold on the market. The classifying screen is made of PVC netting gear with different meshes, and a wooden rectangular frame with the specification of 60cm multiplied by 40cm multiplied by 30cm. The classifying screen is placed in a new water-filled cultivation pool.
In the case of a hierarchical screening operation, seedlings in this period were found to have a highly stressed physiological state, and direct operation resulted in a large number of deaths. Therefore, before classified screening, the oxygen content in the pool is ensured to be more than 8mg/L, the water level is discharged to 40-50cm, a classifying operator penetrates through the sterilized water trousers to descend to the cultivating pool to drive the seedlings for 3 circles along the swimming direction of the seedlings, then drives the seedlings for 3 circles in the opposite direction, when the seedlings adapt to the intensity of manual operation, part of the seedlings are encircled by the encircling net, the encircled seedlings are fished into a white bucket or a plastic basin by using a soft hand net, and are transferred to a classifying screen placed in a new cultivating pool, at the moment, small-specification seedlings can escape to the new cultivating pool through meshes of the screen, and then large-specification seedlings in the classifying screen are transferred to another new cultivating pool.
After classified screening, the offspring baits are gradually changed from the ice fresh artemia baits into minced fish, ice fresh jade muscle fish or compound feed. Meanwhile, according to the growth and individual difference conditions of the seedlings, the size and specification of the seedlings are sorted periodically every 10 days, the meshes of the classifying screen are continuously changed, so that the residual food of the seedlings can be effectively reduced, the ingestion growth is promoted, and the survival rate of intermediate cultivation is improved. After 45-50 days of cultivation, the seedlings can reach the full length of 6-8cm, and can be transferred to an offshore net cage for continuous cultivation or sales.
In 2017-2019, large-sized seedlings of yellow-strip Seriola are cultivated continuously by using a factory cement pond seedling cultivation facility, 2.3 ten thousand seedlings are cultivated for the first time in 2017, 30 ten thousand seedlings are cultivated for high-quality seedlings in 2018, and 60 ten thousand seedlings are cultivated for 2019, which shows that the established factory seedling cultivation technology is stable.
Claims (5)
1. The industrialized seedling raising method of Seriola quinquefolia is characterized by comprising a cultivation facility, fertilized egg hatching management, bait series and feeding strategy, environment regulation management and intermediate cultivation;
(1) Cultivation facility
The seedling raising facility is an indoor culture container with the volume of 10-25m 3 An independent water inlet and drainage system is arranged;
(2) Fertilized egg hatching management
Collecting fertilized eggs from a parent fish spawning pond by adopting a water overflow method, separating the floating eggs, recording the quantity of floating fertilized eggs, selecting high-quality fertilized eggs to hatch in a hatching net cage in an indoor culture container, controlling hatching conditions, and transferring the fertilized eggs into a culture pond when embryos develop to 4/5 of the subgerminal bags;
the high-quality fertilized eggs are obtained by observing blastoderm cleavage morphology by utilizing a microscope, and selecting fertilized eggs with neat cleavage morphology and clear constriction for hatching;
transferring fertilized eggs to a culture pond, directly and uniformly distributing fertilized eggs which are developed to be under the embryo body by 4/5 or more and keep a floating state in the offspring seed culture pond, and directly culturing the hatched fries in the offspring seed culture pond;
(3) Bait series and feeding strategy
The bait series for breeding the fries is mixed feed of rotifer-artemia nauplii-artemia adults-frozen artemia and cladocera-minced fish-jade muscle fish;
the rotifer feeding time starts from the 3 rd day after the larva fish hatching out the membrane, feeding is carried out according to 10-15 pieces/mL until the feeding is carried out for 16 days, and meanwhile, the eye drop microcystis is added into the cultivation pool to create a green water cultivation environment;
the feeding time of the artemia nauplii starts from 14 th day until 35 days, and the feeding density is 2-3/mL;
the feeding time of the artemia adults starts from 30 days, and fresh artemia adults are fed, so that seedlings are induced to transfer baits from artemia nauplii to the artemia adults;
the feeding time of the frozen artemia and the branch horns starts from the 40 th day of seedlings, and the frozen artemia and the branch horns are mixed and fed with the fresh artemia adults, wherein the mixed feeding time is 5-7 days;
the feeding time of the minced fish is from 50 days, the fixed-point hanging rod method is adopted to induce feeding, and the minced fish is fed after 5-7 days of induction;
the feeding time of the jade muscle fish starts from 80 days, the fish meat paste of the offspring feed is gradually changed into the ice fresh jade muscle fish which is cut into blocks, and then the ice fresh jade muscle fish is changed into compound feed or continuously fed with the jade muscle fish;
(4) Environmental regulation management
The environmental regulation and control management refers to regulation and control and management including water environment, illumination environment, pool bottom environment and oxygenation flow making, so that the environment regulation and control management meets the environmental physiological requirements of growth and development of seedlings;
the water environment regulation refers to that when fertilized egg cloth pools with the volume of more than 4/5 are wrapped under embryo bodies, the water level of the culture pools is increased to 100cm, and the fertilized eggs are cultivated in still water in the first three days; changing water for 10cm every day from day 4, changing water for 20cm every day from day 8; the water change rate gradually increases to 50% along with the growth of the seedlings; cultivation conditions: the water temperature is 21-25 ℃, the salinity is 30-32, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6mg/L, the pH is 7.8-8.0, [ NH ] 4 -N]Less than or equal to 0.1mg/L; monitoring the water quality change condition in the seedling raising process;
the illumination environment management manually sets an LED light source above the cultivation pool, and keeps illumination at night, so that the illumination intensity of the water surface reaches more than 500lux, and the sudden settlement type death of seedlings is prevented; culturing pond strong illumination in daytime, and keeping water surface illumination intensity at 10000-20000lux;
the pool bottom environment management means that the pool bottom is cleaned 1 time every 2-3 days according to the deposition condition of residual baits and feces at the pool bottom of the seedling pool;
the oxygenation and flow making means that embryo development is carried out until fertilized egg cloth pond with the lower bag more than 4/5 is reached, and micro-inflation cultivation is carried out 6 days after the hatching of the larva fish, wherein micro-bubbles are visible on the water surface, the inflation amount is increased from the 7 th day, and obvious swelling and water bloom are visible on the water surface, so that the larva is suspended in the water for swimming; after the seedlings grow to 12 days, 6-8 circulation plates are arranged on the wall of the seedling cultivation pool, clockwise water flow is artificially manufactured by using a baffle plate and air inflation, the circulation speed is regulated to be 0.2-0.3m/S by adjusting the angle and the air inflation amount of the circulation plates, the seedlings are supported to flow in a water top-flow cluster for swimming, and the seedlings are effectively prevented from sedimentation type death;
(5) Intermediate cultivation
When the seedlings grow to more than 2cm, the individual specification difference is increased, the seedlings are required to be classified and screened in time, intermediate cultivation is respectively carried out after the seedlings are selected, the growth of the seedlings is promoted through bait conversion and environmental control, the intermediate cultivation management is enhanced until the seedlings grow to the commercial seedling specification, and the seedlings are sold on the market;
the grading screening operation is characterized in that firstly, aiming at the physiological state of high stress of the seedlings, the oxygen content in the pond is ensured to be more than 8mg/L before grading screening, meanwhile, after the water level is discharged to 40-50cm, grading operators drop the cultivation pond to drive the seedlings for 3 circles along and against the swimming direction of the seedlings, when the seedlings adapt to the intensity of manual operation, the surrounding net is used for surrounding part of the seedlings, soft hand net is used for fishing the seedlings into a container, and the seedlings are transferred into the grading sieve placed in the new cultivation pond.
2. The method for industrial seedling raising of Seriola quinqueradiata according to claim 1, wherein the hatching net cage is 100cm×70cm×50cm in specification, and the mesh of the netting is 60 meshes.
3. The method for industrial seedling raising of Seriola quinqueradiata according to claim 1, wherein the fertilized egg hatching conditions are as follows: the water temperature is 20-21 ℃, the salinity is 28-30, the pH is 7.8-8.2, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6mg/L, and the flowing water is slightly aerated, so that fertilized eggs keep a floating state in the water, and the hatching density of the fertilized eggs is 10-15 multiplied by 10 4 Particle/m 3 。
4. The industrial yellow-strip quince seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the fixed-point hanging rod method is characterized in that a pipe fitting is utilized, bolting silk is wound on the pipe fitting, minced fillet is smeared on the bolting silk after being frozen, fixed-point hanging is carried out in a cultivation pool, and seedlings are guided to adapt to the minced fillet ingestion gradually.
5. The industrial yellow-bar quince seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the classifying screen is characterized in that proper meshes are selected according to the specification and the size of seedlings, and after small-specification seedlings escape to a new cultivation pool through the meshes of the screen, large-specification seedlings in the classifying screen are transferred to another new cultivation pool.
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