CN114651697A - Skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix for arid regions and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix for arid regions and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114651697A CN114651697A CN202210379264.7A CN202210379264A CN114651697A CN 114651697 A CN114651697 A CN 114651697A CN 202210379264 A CN202210379264 A CN 202210379264A CN 114651697 A CN114651697 A CN 114651697A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in a drought region and a preparation method thereof. The planting soil comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow plastic balls, 50-100 parts of super absorbent resin particles and 500-2000 parts of water; the porous hollow plastic ball has a hollow spherical shell structure, and the spherical shell structure is provided with a porous structure; the super absorbent resin is positioned in the porous hollow plastic balls, water is absorbed in the super absorbent resin to form water absorption and storage plastic balls, and the water absorption and storage plastic balls are distributed in the planting soil. The water retention performance of the soil is enhanced, and the problems that vegetation for landscape greening is dead due to drought and poor in landscape performance are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological planting, and particularly relates to a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix for arid regions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
At present, the urban landscape greening and the like generally adopt a turf planting mode, thereby playing roles in water and soil conservation and greening.
The inventor knows that the climatic conditions around the arid region are poor, the precipitation is less, the evaporation capacity is larger, and particularly, in landscape greening positions such as road slopes, green belts, parks and the like, due to drought, water loss and death of vegetation and severe weathering, water and soil can not be well maintained, and the landscape performance is poor.
At present, the sprinkling irrigation methods are generally adopted for maintenance of road slopes, green belts and the like, but the methods generally play a role in short-term maintenance, but often cause a large amount of water resource waste, and the methods still have the problems of high maintenance cost, non-lasting effect, complex maintenance process and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetative matrix in arid regions and a preparation method thereof. The water-absorbing and water-storing vegetation matrix is used for realizing the water-storing effect of the soil layer, can absorb water rapidly, is not easy to be evaporated, and solves the problems that the greening maintenance cost is high and the vegetation is dehydrated and dead by relying on natural precipitation in arid areas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the first aspect is that a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growth substrate in arid regions comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow plastic balls, 50-100 parts of super absorbent resin particles and 500-2000 parts of water;
the porous hollow plastic ball has a hollow spherical shell structure, and the spherical shell structure is provided with a porous structure; the super absorbent resin is positioned in the porous hollow plastic balls, water is absorbed in the super absorbent resin to form water absorption and storage plastic balls, and the water absorption and storage plastic balls are distributed in the planting soil.
In arid areas, the precipitation is less, the evaporation capacity is larger, and the watered soil of the vegetation in the greening areas is quickly evaporated, so that the vegetation is easy to lose water and die due to the effects of drought and weathering, and the landscape property is poorer. Even if the method of sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation is utilized, the method only has the effect of short-term maintenance, and has larger water resource consumption and high investment and maintenance cost due to larger evaporation capacity.
The matrix of the invention is distributed with water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls in the planting soil, which can absorb water and slowly release water for a long time, so that the planting soil can not lack water for a long time, and the water of the planting soil can always keep a state of moderate humidity under the conditions of poor external weather conditions and large evaporation capacity, thereby reducing the evaporation capacity, providing the water required by vegetation, not frequently watering the planting soil and reducing the manual operation amount. Solves the problems that the vegetation for landscape greening is dead by drought and water loss and has poor landscape performance.
The surface of the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic ball is provided with a porous structure, so that water absorbed in the super absorbent resin particles in the plastic ball slowly volatilizes into planting soil through the porous structure, and the super absorbent resin particles have water absorption and water retention property, so that the water cannot be lost. The water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls are uniformly distributed in the planting soil, so that the water in the deep soil is not easy to lose, the deep seepage of the water is prevented, the rapid evaporation of the water in the soil is effectively inhibited, and the water and soil conservation effect is realized.
The water absorbing and storing plastic ball is wrapped by the spherical shell structure of the porous hollow plastic ball, which is beneficial to improving the water retention performance. Meanwhile, the formed porous hollow plastic balls have the hardness and play the role of a skeleton, and the integral water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls are supported, so that the loss of water caused by the pressure of planting soil on the super absorbent resin particles is avoided.
The planting soil keeps certain humidity, which is beneficial to promoting the activity of microorganism and improving the soil fertility.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the porous hollow plastic ball is made of polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like. The plastic ball has the characteristics of porosity, hollowness, environmental protection, no pollution, difficult degradation and the like.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the super absorbent resin particles is polyacrylate or the like. The super absorbent resin is a functional polymer material with strong hydrophilic groups and a certain crosslinking degree.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the pores of the porous hollow plastic beads is 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the superabsorbent polymer particles before swelling upon absorption. The pores of the porous hollow plastic ball can facilitate the entry of the super absorbent resin particles, and simultaneously play a role in restraining the super absorbent resin after water absorption and expansion.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between adjacent pores on the spherical shell of the porous hollow plastic ball is equal to or greater than the diameter of the super absorbent resin particles after swelling after absorbing water. The distance between the adjacent holes meets a certain length, and the supporting effect of the spherical shell is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the super absorbent resin particles after water swelling is 5 to 20 times the diameter of the super absorbent resin particles before water swelling. The super absorbent resin particles have strong water absorption and have a large change in diameter after water swelling, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials comprise, by weight, 1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow plastic balls, 60-90 parts of super absorbent resin particles, and 900-1300 parts of water.
In some embodiments of the invention, the distribution density of the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls in the planting soil is (1-2/50/dm)3). The distribution density affects the water content of the planting soil and the rate of evaporation.
In a second aspect, a preparation method of a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growth matrix in a drought region comprises the following steps:
mixing the porous hollow plastic balls with the super absorbent resin particles to ensure that the super absorbent resin particles enter the plastic balls through the pores of the hollow plastic balls;
mixing the porous plastic ball containing the super absorbent resin with water to ensure that the super absorbent resin particles absorb water and expand until the super absorbent resin particles cannot flow out of pores, thereby obtaining the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic ball;
and mixing the planting soil with the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls to obtain the strong water-absorbing and water-storing plant growth substrate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the planting soil is aired under outdoor conditions before being mixed with the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls, so that the water content of the soil is reduced to below 50%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the time of air-drying is 1-2 days.
One or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
according to the skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growth substrate and the preparation method thereof, the skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growth substrate is adopted, so that the skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growth substrate can be widely applied to road engineering in arid regions, a large amount of water can be absorbed, and the absorbed water cannot be extruded out by a simple physical method, so that the survival rate of slope protection vegetation is improved;
the invention enhances the water retention performance of the soil, prevents deep seepage of water, effectively inhibits rapid evaporation of water in the soil, plays a role in water and soil conservation, saves water resources and is simple and convenient to construct in engineering application;
the invention ensures that the soil has certain heat preservation property under natural conditions, promotes the activity of microorganisms and improves the soil fertility; the porous plastic balls can play a skeleton role, prevent soil hardening and increase the porosity;
the super absorbent resin has the characteristics of no toxicity, no harm and no pollution, does not have adverse effect on soil, and can be widely applied.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are included to explain the illustrative embodiments of the invention and the description of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growing matrix in a drought area;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water-absorbing and water-storing plastic ball which is not expanded by water absorption;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water-absorbing and water-storing plastic ball after water absorption and expansion;
wherein, 1, porous hollow plastic balls; 2. superabsorbent resin particles; 3. planting soil; 4. and (4) vegetation.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples
Example 1
A preparation method of a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in arid regions comprises the following steps:
step 1, airing the planting soil 3 outdoors for 1-2 days, and reducing the water content of the soil to be below 50%;
step 3, mixing the porous polyethylene ball 1 containing the super absorbent particles with water, so that the super absorbent polyacrylate particles 2 absorb and expand water until the water cannot flow out of pores, and obtaining a water absorption and storage plastic ball 1;
and 4, uniformly mixing and stirring the planting soil 3 and the water absorption and storage plastic balls 1 to obtain the strong water absorption and storage plant growth matrix, wherein the porous plastic balls 1 can play a good skeleton role.
1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow polyethylene plastic balls, 60-70 parts of high-water-absorption polyacrylate particles and 900-1000 parts of water.
Example 2
A preparation method of a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in arid regions comprises the following steps:
step 1, airing the planting soil 3 outdoors for 1-2 days, and reducing the water content of the soil to be below 50%;
step 3, mixing the porous polyethylene ball 1 containing the super absorbent particles with water, so that the super absorbent polyacrylate particles 2 absorb and expand water until the water cannot flow out of pores, and obtaining a water absorption and storage plastic ball 1;
and 4, uniformly mixing and stirring the planting soil 3 and the water absorption and storage plastic balls 1 to obtain the strong water absorption and storage plant growth matrix, wherein the porous plastic balls 1 can play a good skeleton role.
1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow polyethylene plastic balls, 70-80 parts of high-water-absorption polyacrylate particles and 1000-1100 parts of water.
Example 3
A preparation method of a skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in arid regions comprises the following steps:
step 1, airing the planting soil 3 outdoors for 1-2 days, and reducing the water content of the soil to be below 50%;
step 3, mixing the porous polyethylene ball 1 containing the super absorbent particles with water, so that the super absorbent polyacrylate particles 2 absorb and expand water until the water cannot flow out of pores, and obtaining a water absorption and storage plastic ball 1;
and 4, uniformly mixing and stirring the planting soil 3 and the water absorption and storage plastic balls 1 to obtain the strong water absorption and storage plant growth matrix, wherein the porous plastic balls 1 can play a good skeleton role.
1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow polyethylene plastic balls, 80-90 parts of high-water-absorption polyacrylate particles and 1200-1300 parts of water.
The planting soil of the embodiments 1 to 3 is used in landscape greening, and observation for one month shows that compared with vegetation of common planting soil, after the skeleton type strong water absorption and storage planting substrate provided by the invention is applied, the watering frequency is reduced by one third, and the vegetation grows well.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A skeleton type strong water absorption and storage plant growing matrix in arid regions is characterized in that: the planting soil comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow plastic balls, 50-100 parts of super absorbent resin particles and 500-2000 parts of water;
the porous hollow plastic ball has a hollow spherical shell structure, and the spherical shell structure is provided with a porous structure; the super absorbent resin is positioned in the porous hollow plastic balls, water is absorbed in the super absorbent resin to form water absorption and storage plastic balls, and the water absorption and storage plastic balls are distributed in the planting soil.
2. The framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in the arid region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the porous hollow plastic ball is made of polyethylene and polypropylene.
3. The framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in the arid region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the material of the super absorbent resin particles is polyacrylate.
4. The drought region skeleton-type strong water-absorption water-storage plant-growing matrix as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the diameter of the pores of the porous hollow plastic ball is 1.5 to 2 times of the diameter of the super absorbent resin particles before water absorption expansion.
5. The framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in the arid region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: on the spherical shell of the porous hollow plastic ball, the distance between adjacent pores is more than or equal to the diameter of the super absorbent resin particles after water absorption and expansion.
6. The framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in the arid region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the planting soil comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of planting soil, 20 parts of porous hollow plastic balls, 60-90 parts of super absorbent resin particles and 900-1300 parts of water.
7. The framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in the arid region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the distribution density of the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls in the planting soil is 1-2/50/dm3。
8. The preparation method of the framework type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix in the arid region according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
mixing the porous hollow plastic balls with the super absorbent resin particles to ensure that the super absorbent resin particles enter the plastic balls through the pores of the hollow plastic balls;
mixing the porous plastic ball containing the super absorbent resin with water to ensure that the super absorbent resin particles absorb water and swell, and the water absorbs water and swells until the super absorbent resin particles cannot flow out of pores, so as to obtain the water absorbing and storing plastic ball;
and mixing the planting soil with the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls to obtain the strong water-absorbing and water-storing plant growth substrate.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: before mixing the planting soil and the water-absorbing and water-storing plastic balls, the planting soil is aired under outdoor conditions, so that the water content of the soil is reduced to below 50%.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the airing time is 1-2 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210379264.7A CN114651697A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix for arid regions and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202210379264.7A CN114651697A (en) | 2022-04-12 | 2022-04-12 | Skeleton type strong water absorption and storage vegetation matrix for arid regions and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220624 |