CN114648084A - Rfid标签 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN114648084A
CN114648084A CN202111330003.8A CN202111330003A CN114648084A CN 114648084 A CN114648084 A CN 114648084A CN 202111330003 A CN202111330003 A CN 202111330003A CN 114648084 A CN114648084 A CN 114648084A
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signal
antenna
detector
charge pump
output
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托马斯·皮克勒
伊万·杰西·里波罗皮门特尔
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NXP BV
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NXP BV
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    • G06K19/0713Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a power charge pump
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    • G06K19/0723Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G06K19/0724Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement being a circuit for communicating at a plurality of frequencies, e.g. for managing time multiplexed communication over at least two antennas of different types
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/0775Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for connecting the integrated circuit to the antenna
    • G06K19/07756Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for connecting the integrated circuit to the antenna the connection being non-galvanic, e.g. capacitive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07771Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card the record carrier comprising means for minimising adverse effects on the data communication capability of the record carrier, e.g. minimising Eddy currents induced in a proximate metal or otherwise electromagnetically interfering object
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773Antenna details
    • G06K19/07786Antenna details the antenna being of the HF type, such as a dipole
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10118Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the sensing being preceded by at least one preliminary step
    • G06K7/10148Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the sensing being preceded by at least one preliminary step the step consisting of dynamically tuning the resonant circuit of the interrogation device that is emitting the interrogation signal, e.g. for impedance matching inside of the interrogation device

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Abstract

公开了一种射频识别(RFID)标签。所述RFID标签包括:用以接收高频信号的天线;与所述天线耦合的电容器组;电荷泵,其与所述天线耦合,且被配置成将所述高频信号转换成直流电(DC)信号;用以测量所述高频信号的峰值电压的包络检测器;以及用以将所述电荷泵的输出与所述包络检测器的输出进行比较的检测器。所述RFID标签还包括阻抗调谐电路,所述阻抗调谐电路与所述电荷泵和所述包络检测器耦合,且被配置成基于所述检测器和所述包络检测器的输出而改变所述电容器组的电容。

Description

RFID标签
技术领域
本发明公开了一种射频识别(RFID)标签。
背景技术
射频识别(RFID)是指由标签和读取器两部分构成的无线系统。读取器为具有一个或多个天线的装置,所述一个或多个天线传输无线电波并从RFID标签接收回信号。使用无线电波将其身份和其它信息传送到附近读取器的标签可以是无源的或有源的。无源RFID标签由读取器供电,并且不具有电池。有源RFID标签由电池供电。近场通信(NFC)为可在短距离内进行双向通信的无线通信技术。NFC标签在包括医疗市场、消费者市场、零售市场、工业市场、汽车市场和智能电网市场的多个市场中的使用正在增长。NFC是一种类型的RFID技术。由于例如距其它装置或标签的距离、附近物体等内部或外部因素,标签需要被调谐以平衡阻抗,从而在数据读取循环开始之前优化接收信号强度。
发明内容
提供此发明内容是为了以简化的形式介绍下文在具体实施方式中进一步描述的一系列概念。本发明内容并非意图标识所要求保护的主题的关键特征或基本特征,也并非意图用于限制所要求保护的主题的范围。
在一个实施例中,公开了一种射频识别(RFID)标签。所述RFID标签包括:用以接收输入AC信号的天线;处理系统,其与天线耦合以优化输入AC信号的信号强度;电荷泵,其与天线耦合,且被配置成将AC信号转换成直流电(DC)信号;以及用以测量输入AC信号的峰值电压的包络检测器。还包括检测器以将电荷泵的输出与包络检测器的输出进行比较,且所述检测器被配置成将信号发送到处理系统以指示信号强度的改变。还可包括限制器电路以将电荷泵的输出限制到预选电压,从而保护RFID标签的内部组件不受例如静电放电(ESD)等事件的影响。提供到处理系统的改变指示包括指示信号强度是增大还是减小。处理系统另外被配置成改变天线的输入阻抗。在一些例子中,限制器电路包括被配置成测量正由限制器电路吸收的电流的电流测量电路,并且检测器被配置成基于所述测量来测量信号强度是增大还是减小。在此类实施例中,包络检测器可以是任选的组件。
在另一实施例中,公开了一种射频识别(RFID)读取器。所述RFID标签包括:用以接收高频信号的天线;与所述天线耦合的电容器组;电荷泵,其与所述天线耦合,且被配置成将所述高频信号转换成直流电(DC)信号;用以测量所述高频信号的峰值电压的包络检测器;以及用以将所述电荷泵的输出与所述包络检测器的输出进行比较的检测器。所述RFID标签还包括阻抗调谐电路,所述阻抗调谐电路与电荷泵和包络检测器耦合,且被配置成基于检测器和包络检测器的输出而改变电容器组的电容。
在一些例子中,所述RFID标签还包括被配置成将电荷泵的输出限制到预选电压的限制器电路。包括处理系统。检测器被配置成将信号发送到处理系统或响应于处理系统以指示已检测到信号强度的改进。此信息可由调谐算法使用以确保最优信号强度。电容器组包括被配置成基于来自阻抗调谐电路的控制信号而与电容器组连接或断开的可切换电容器。限制器电路包括被配置成测量正由限制器电路吸收的电流的电流测量电路。检测器包括用以使用电流到电压转换器将电荷泵的电压输出与包络检测器的电压输出进行比较的比较器。由限制器正吸收的电流与信号强度的上升成正比。
在又一实施例中,公开了另一种射频识别(RFID)标签。所述RFID标签包括:用以接收高频信号的天线;与天线耦合的电容器组;电荷泵,其与天线耦合,且被配置成将高频信号转换成直流电(DC)信号;以及用以将电荷泵的输出限制到预定义电压电平的限制器电路。限制器包括电流测量电路。所述RFID标签还包括:用以将电荷泵的输出与电流测量电路的输出进行比较的检测器;以及阻抗调谐电路,其与电荷泵和限制器电路耦合,且被配置成基于检测器的输出而改变电容器组的电容。在一些例子中,限制器电路包括两个二极管和一个电容器,并且被配置成输出限制到预定义电压电平的电压。
所述RFID标签可包括处理系统。检测器被配置成将信号发送到处理系统或响应于处理系统以指示调谐循环的结束,在所述调谐循环中,电容器组的电容被设置成用以实现最优信号强度的值。电容器组包括被配置成基于来自阻抗调谐电路的控制信号而与电容器组连接或断开的可切换电容器。电流测量电路被配置成测量正由限制器电路吸收的电流。检测器包括用以使用电流到电压转换器将电荷泵的电压输出与电流测量电路的电压输出进行比较的比较器。
在又一实施例中,公开了一种调谐射频识别(RFID)标签的方法。所述方法包括:将从天线接收的AC输入信号转换成DC信号;使用包络检测器测量AC输入信号的峰值电压;将DC信号与峰值电压进行比较;以及基于DC信号、峰值电压和所述比较而使用电容器调谐器调谐电容器组,以调谐天线。所述方法可包括在调谐之后将通知发送到处理系统以指示调谐循环已完成。调谐包括改变与天线耦合的电容器组的电容值,并且在数据读取循环之前,在RFID标签的调谐阶段期间执行调谐。在一些例子中,重复改变电容器组的电容值直到实现最优信号强度为止。
附图说明
为了可以详细地理解本发明的上述特征的方式,可以通过参考实施例来作出上文简要概括的本发明的更特定描述,所述实施例中的一些实施例在附图中得以示出。然而,应注意,附图仅示出本发明的典型实施例且因此不应被视为限制本发明的范围,这是因为本发明可以准许其它同等有效的实施例。对于本领域的技术人员而言,结合附图阅读本说明书后所要求保护的主题的优点将变得显而易见,其中相同的附图标号用于标示相同的元件,并且在附图中:
图1描绘根据本公开的一个或多个实施例的RFID标签;
图2描绘根据本公开的一个或多个实施例的在RFID标签中使用的检测器电路;
图3示出根据一个或多个实施例的在RFID标签中使用的简化限制器电路;并且
图4示出根据一个或多个实施例的适合于例如RFID之类的低电力应用的简化电荷泵电路。
图5示出使用整流器电路的样本电荷泵电路104。
应注意,图式未必按比例绘制。并未示出RFID标签的所有组件。省略的组件是本领域技术人员已知的。
具体实施方式
已经省略或不在描述中详细描述许多熟知的制造步骤、组件和连接器,以免混淆本公开。
应容易理解,如本文中大体描述且在附图中示出的实施例的组件可以各种各样不同的配置来布置和设计。因此,如图式中所表示的各种实施例的具体实施方式并非旨在限制本公开的范围,而仅仅是表示各种实施例。尽管在图式中呈现了实施例的各个方面,但是除非特别地指示,否则图式未必按比例绘制。
在不脱离本发明的精神或基本特性的情况下,可以其它具体形式体现本发明。所描述实施例应被视为在所有方面均只为说明性而非限制性的。因此,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书而不是由此具体实施方式指示。在权利要求书等同含义和范围内的所有变化均涵盖在权利要求书的范围内。
贯穿本说明书对特征、优点或类似语言的提及并不暗示可通过本发明实现的所有特征和优点应该在或就在本发明的任何单个实施例中。实际上,涉及特征和优点的语言应理解成意指结合实施例描述的具体特征、优点或特性包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此,贯穿本说明书对特征和优点的论述以及类似语言可以(但未必)指同一实施例。
此外,本发明的所描述特征、优点和特性可以任何合适的方式在一个或多个实施例中组合。相关领域的技术人员应认识到,鉴于本文中的描述,本发明可在无具体实施例的特定特征或优点中的一个或多个的情况下实践。在其它情况下,可在某些实施例中识别出可能不存在于本发明的所有实施例中的额外特征和优点。
贯穿本说明书对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个例子”或类似语言的提及意指结合所指示实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此,贯穿本说明书的短语“在一个实施例中”、“在实施例中”和类似语言可以(但未必)全部指同一实施例。
RFID标签可以存储从一个序列号到若干页的数据的一系列信息。RFID标签可以是移动的,使得它们可以用手携带,也可以安装在柱子上或头顶上。RFID系统还可构建到机柜、房间或建筑物的架构中。NFC是基于RFID技术的技术。NFC技术可用于提供对等通信或单向通信。当两个具有NFC功能的装置彼此非常接近,约4cm或更小时,它们可使用无线电波与彼此通信。在使用NFC通信的两个装置中,其中的至少一个装置必须是有源装置(供电的)。在许多情况下,所述有源装置将是智能电话、平板计算机、安全平板或支付终端。其它装置可以是有源的或无源的(不供电的)。使用NFC,可以在不到十分之一秒的时间内设置两个装置。
在有源对等(P2P)模式下,两个有源装置在其间创建无线通信信道。具有外部电源的有源装置可通过来自有源装置的电磁场为无源装置供电。NFC无源装置在许多应用中使用,因为无源NFC装置可以是简单标签。NFC装置经由无线电波彼此通信。必须首先启用(接通)有源NFC装置。使用天线产生用于NFC的无线电波。NFC通过使用NFC装置之间的电感耦合利用电磁场的特性来工作。所述NFC装置在13.56MHz频率下工作,所述频率为RF频谱上HF的免许可区段。
接收信号的强度可取决于距离以及例如附近物体、人触摸等外部因素。因此,在一些例子中,RFID标签可包括可切换电容器组,所述可切换电容器组包括与开关耦合的多个电容器。可通过接通或断开这些开关中的一个或多个来改变电容器的值。可通过改变电容器值来改变接收器天线的输入阻抗,以优化输入信号的信号强度。
图1示出包括天线102的RFID标签100的实施例的示意图。天线102可以是线圈型天线。天线102将输入AC信号提供到电荷泵(例如,AC到DC转换器)104。输入信号为具有预定义频率(例如,13.56MHz)的连续波。电荷泵104将输入AC信号转换成DC电压。在一些实施例中,电荷泵104还可使用偏置电压放大信号。电荷泵104可使用二极管和充电/放电电容器将输入AC信号改变为较高电压DC信号。在一些例子中,可使用晶体管代替二极管。图5示出使用整流器电路的样本电荷泵电路104。当输入AC信号为正时,电流流过二极管并对电容器充电,并且在负循环期间,没有电流流过二极管且电容器放电。多个整流器级的使用是任选的且可取决于所需最小电压输出而使用或不使用,这是因为多个级可提升输出电压但会牺牲效率。频率范围受电容器大小和二极管切换速度限制,因此,可通过使用具有适当值和电特性的电容器和二极管来将电路调谐为13.56MHz的操作频率。
电荷泵104可包括限制器电路110或可与限制器电路110耦合。限制器电路110将电荷泵104的输出限制到预定义电压。在一个例子中,限制器电路110可类似于图4中示出的限制器电路。在另一实施例中,可不包括电流传感器122(图4)。限制器电路110由于静电事件或过高的接收信号强度而保护组件。包括包络检测器116以提供来自在天线102处接收的输入信号的包络的DC输出。包络检测器(或峰值检测器)为电子电路,其将(相对)高频振幅调制信号作为输入并提供作为原始信号的包络的输出。检测器108被配置成使得当输入信号的信号强度尚未受限制器电路110限制时,检测器108使用电荷泵104的输出,并且当电荷泵104的输出受限制器电路110限制时,包络检测器116的输出用于检测输入信号强度的改变。
包括处理系统114,并且所述处理系统114被配置成基于来自检测器108的信号而优化输入信号强度。来自检测器108的信号可包括关于经由天线102接收的输入AC信号的信号强度的改变的信息,以使得处理系统114能够-在一个例子中通过改变RFID标签100的输入阻抗-来优化输入信号强度。处理系统114还可被配置成改变RFID标签100的内部状态(例如,调谐状态、数据读取状态)。在一些例子中,包络检测器116的使用可以是任选的。在此类实施例中,正由限制器电路110吸收的电量可用于测量信号强度。当输入信号强度高于限制器电路100的限制阈值时,正被吸收的电流越多,对应的输入AC信号强度越高。
图2示出包括天线102的RFID标签130的另一实施例的示意图。天线102可以是线圈型天线。天线102将输入AC信号提供到电荷泵(例如,AC到DC转换器)104。输入信号为具有预定义频率(例如,13.56MHz)的连续波。电荷泵104将输入AC信号转换成DC电压。在一些实施例中,电荷泵104还可使用偏置电压放大信号。电荷泵104可使用二极管和充电/放电电容器将AC信号改变为较高电压DC信号。在一些例子中,可使用晶体管代替二极管。图4示出具有两级整流器电路的样本电荷泵电路104。当输入AC信号为正时,电流流过二极管并对电容器充电,并且在负循环期间,没有电流流过二极管且电容器放电。多个整流器级的使用是任选的且可取决于所需最小电压输出而使用或不使用,这是因为多个级可提升输出电压但会牺牲效率。频率范围受电容器大小和二极管切换速度限制,因此,可通过使用具有适当值和电特性的电容器和二极管来将电路调谐为13.56MHz的操作频率。
电荷泵104可包括限制器电路110或可与限制器电路110耦合。限制器电路110将电荷泵104的输出限制到预定义电压。在一个例子中,限制器电路110可类似于图4中示出的限制器电路。在另一实施例中,可不包括电流传感器122(图4)。限制器电路110由于静电事件或过高的接收信号强度而保护组件。包括处理系统114以基于所需用户应用程序而处理所接收的数据。例如,如果RFID标签130体现于电话中,则RFID标签130的处理系统114可将数据传输到电话处理器以用于所接收的数据的另外处理。
包括包络检测器116以提供来自在天线102处接收的输入信号的包络的DC输出。包络检测器(或峰值检测器)为电子电路,其将(相对)高频振幅调制信号作为输入并提供作为原始信号的包络的输出。包括自调谐逻辑块106以感测接收信号强度是增大还是减小。为了优化输入信号强度,自调谐逻辑块106将控制信号发送到可切换电容器组112以改变电容器组112的电容。自调谐逻辑块106可连续改变电容器组112的电容以稳定到所需信号强度。调谐可在数据传输循环开始之前的短暂时间段内发生。
检测器108被配置成将电荷泵104的输出与包络检测器116的输出进行比较,并且将信号提供到自调谐逻辑块106以使得自调谐逻辑块106能够通过调谐电容器组112的输入阻抗来优化接收信号强度,即使当限制器110正限制电荷泵104的输出时也是如此。检测器108被配置成使得当输入信号的信号强度尚未受限制器110限制时,检测器108使用电荷泵104的输出,并且当电荷泵104的输出受到限制时,包络检测器116的输出用于调谐电容器组112的电容。
包括处理系统114以基于所需用户应用程序而处理所接收的数据。例如,如果RFID标签130体现于电话中,则RFID标签130的处理系统114可将数据传输到电话处理器以用于所接收的数据的另外处理。如果信号由限制器电路110限制到预定义最大值,则电容器组112可能无法被最优地调谐。包括包络检测器116以提供来自在天线102处接收的输入信号的包络的DC输出。包络检测器(或峰值检测器)为电子电路,其将(相对)高频振幅调制信号作为输入并提供作为原始信号的包络的输出。包括检测器108以将电荷泵104的输出与包络检测器116的输出进行比较,并且将信号提供到自调谐逻辑块106,使得优化调谐,即使当限制器110正限制电荷泵104的输出时也是如此。检测器108被配置成使得当输入信号的信号强度尚未受限制器110限制时,检测器108使用电荷泵104的输出,并且当电荷泵104的输出受到限制时,包络检测器116的输出用于调谐电容器组112的电容。一旦电容在调谐循环期间被最优地调谐,处理系统114就开始读取经由输入信号接收到的数据。包络检测器116可包括基于二极管的电路以将输入信号AC电压转换成DC电压。
图3示出包括在检测器108中的样本比较器电路。比较器电路包括RF输入,所述RF输入是包络检测器116的输出。供电输入与电荷泵104的输出耦合。可包括电流到电压转换器以基于在RF输入与接地GND之间流动的电流而输出RF电压VRF。VRF输入到比较器120。包括包含二极管、电容器和电流到电压转换器的相同或类似电路,并且所述电路与电荷泵104的输出耦合。此并联电路的输出VSUPPLY输入到比较器120。比较器120的输出可与自调谐逻辑块106耦合,使得自调谐逻辑块106可使用电荷泵104的输出或包络检测器116的输出来调谐电容器组112的电容。
在一些例子中,RFID标签130可不包括包络检测器116。在此类例子中,基于正由限制器电路110吸收的电流以及电荷泵104的输出来进行调谐。图4示出样本限制器电路110。限制器电路110可包括与输入端口耦合的电容器CL以及与电容器CL耦合的两个二极管D1、D2。二极管D1、D2可与电阻器RL耦合,并且电阻器RL与电流传感器122耦合。在一些例子中,检测器108监测正由限制器电路110吸收的电流,并且使用电流到电压转换器将VRF输入提供到比较器120(图3)。如果输入信号强度不受限制器电路110限制,则比较器120可输出零,并且当信号正受限制时,正由限制电路110吸收的电流将与输入信号强度成比例上升。当信号强度高于限制器电路110的限制阈值时,自调谐逻辑块106将基于电流测量而调谐电容器组112的电容。自调谐逻辑块106被配置成调整电容器组112的电容以经由阻抗调谐来优化信号强度。在一些例子中,当调谐过程完成时,可标记信号,使得处理系统114可进入到数据读取循环中以读取在天线102处经由输入信号接收到的数据。
本文中所描述的实施例通过使用双输入场检测器来克服边界条件限制,所述双输入场检测器用于通过组合不同信号使总体检测范围变宽来增强检测范围。本文中所描述的实施例确保经由场强度的返回链路的单调行为,而无需在应用程序中具有任何读取孔。
这些实施例中的一些或全部可组合,一些可被完全省略,并且可添加额外过程步骤,同时仍实现本文中所描述的产品。因此,本文中所描述的主题可以许多不同变化体现,并且所有此类变化预期在权利要求书的范围内。
尽管已借助于例子和根据具体实施方式描述一个或多个实施方案,但应理解,一个或多个实施方案不限于所公开的实施例。相反地,希望涵盖对本领域的技术人员来说将显而易见的各种修改和类似布置。因此,所附权利要求书的范围应被赋予最广义的解释,以便涵盖所有此类修改和类似布置。
除非本文中另外指出或明显与内容相矛盾,否则在描述主题的上下文中(尤其在所附权利要求书的上下文中),使用术语“一”、“一个”和“所述”以及类似指示物应理解为涵盖单数和复数两者。除非在本文中另外指示,否则对本文中值范围的叙述仅仅意图充当个别提及属于所述范围的每个单独值的速记方法,且每个单独值并入本说明书中,如同在本文中个别地叙述一般。此外,上述描述是仅出于说明的目的,而不是出于限制的目的,因为寻求保护的范围由在下文中阐述的权利要求及其任何等效物来限定。除非另外要求,否则本文中所提供的对任何和所有例子或示例性语言(例如,“例如”)的使用仅仅意图更好地说明主题,而并非对主题的范围造成限制。使用术语“基于”和其它类似短语指示在附属权利要求和书面描述中产生结果的条件,并不意图排除产生所述结果的其它条件。本说明书中的任何语言都不应理解为指示实践所主张的本发明所必需的任何非主张的要素。
本文中描述发明人已知的用于实行所要求保护的主题的优选实施例。当然,在阅读上述描述之后,那些优选实施例的变化对于本领域的技术人员将变得显而易见。本发明人期望本领域技术人员适时采用此类变化,并且本发明人意图以不同于本文中具体描述的其它方式来实践本发明所要求保护的主题。因此,所要求保护的主题包括可适用法律所准许的在附属权利要求中叙述的主题的所有变化和等效物。此外,除非本文另外指示或以其它方式明显与上下文矛盾,否则涵盖上述元件以其所有可能变化形式的任何组合。

Claims (10)

1.一种射频识别RFID标签,其特征在于,包括:
用以接收输入AC信号的天线;
处理系统,其与所述天线耦合以优化所述输入AC信号的信号强度;
电荷泵,其与所述天线耦合,且被配置成将所述AC信号转换成直流电DC信号;
用以测量所述输入AC信号的峰值电压的包络检测器;
检测器,其用以将所述电荷泵的输出与所述包络检测器的输出进行比较,且被配置成将信号发送到所述处理系统以指示所述信号强度的改变。
2.根据权利要求1所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,另外包括被配置成将所述电荷泵的所述输出限制到预选电压的限制器电路。
3.根据权利要求1所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,改变指示包括指示所述信号强度是增大还是减小。
4.根据权利要求1所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,所述处理系统另外被配置成改变所述天线的输入阻抗。
5.根据权利要求2所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,所述限制器电路包括被配置成测量正由所述限制器电路吸收的电流的电流测量电路,并且所述检测器被配置成基于所述测量来测量所述信号强度是增大还是减小。
6.一种射频识别RFID标签,其特征在于,包括:
用以接收高频信号的天线;
与所述天线耦合的电容器组;
电荷泵,其与所述天线耦合,且被配置成将所述高频信号转换成直流电DC信号;
用以测量所述高频信号的峰值电压的包络检测器;
用以将所述电荷泵的输出与所述包络检测器的输出进行比较的检测器;以及
阻抗调谐电路,其与所述电荷泵和所述包络检测器耦合,且被配置成基于所述检测器和所述包络检测器的输出而改变所述电容器组的电容。
7.根据权利要求6所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,另外包括被配置成将所述电荷泵的所述输出限制到预选电压的限制器电路。
8.根据权利要求6所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,另外包括处理系统,其中所述检测器被配置成将信号发送到所述处理系统以指示调谐循环的结束,在所述调谐循环中,所述电容器组的所述电容被设置成用以实现最优信号强度的值。
9.根据权利要求7所述的RFID标签,其特征在于,所述限制器电路包括被配置成测量正由所述限制器电路吸收的电流的电流测量电路。
10.一种调谐射频识别RFID标签的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
将从天线接收的AC输入信号转换成DC信号;
使用包络检测器测量所述AC输入信号的峰值电压;
将所述DC信号与所述峰值电压进行比较;以及
基于所述DC信号、所述峰值电压和所述比较而使用电容器调谐器调谐电容器组,以调谐所述天线。
CN202111330003.8A 2020-12-18 2021-11-10 Rfid标签 Pending CN114648084A (zh)

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