CN114642765A - 一种治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN114642765A
CN114642765A CN202110277122.5A CN202110277122A CN114642765A CN 114642765 A CN114642765 A CN 114642765A CN 202110277122 A CN202110277122 A CN 202110277122A CN 114642765 A CN114642765 A CN 114642765A
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王绪化
陈作兵
陈向峰
左彦明
叶婧佳
靳爽
吴中翰
蔡万雄
张天芳
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料及其制备方法和应用,所述水凝胶内包覆有通过化学偶联反应负载在其上的释放生物大分子/免疫调节/抗氧化药物的具良好生物相容性的微米粒子/偶联在天然来源大分子上的生长因子。本发明注射水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性,与细胞疗法兼容,在损伤部位局部精确释放生物大分子/免疫调节/抗氧化药物/生长因子,阻止了脊髓损伤后囊性空腔的形成,减轻了神经炎症导致的二次损伤,保护了残留的脊髓神经组织和轴突,减少了胶质瘢痕组织的形成,促进移植细胞的存活与分化,为本体神经轴突的再生提供了一种可穿透性的细胞外基质环境,进而促进生理功能的恢复,可用于脊髓等软组织损伤的修复。

Description

一种治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料及其制备 方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及软组织修复工程技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗脊髓损伤的可注射细胞载体水凝胶的制备及应用。
背景技术
脊髓损伤(SCI)是一种严重致残性疾病,往往导致损伤节段以下肢体严重的生理功能障碍。脊髓损伤是脊柱损伤最严重的并发症,通常伴随着损伤节段以下的肢体严重功能障碍。 SCI不仅会给患者本人带来身体和心理的严重伤害,还会对整个社会造成巨大的经济负担。以干细胞为基础的组织工程技术,为修复受损的脊髓促进功能恢复带了希望(Koffleretal.,2019/02,Nat.Med.)。但是,由于脊髓损伤急性期会在损伤部位分泌大量炎性因子,杀死移植的干细胞,降低干细胞移植的疗效。人工合成的干细胞支架材料,能抑制炎性反应,改善损伤部位抑制神经再生的微环境,提高移植干细胞的存活率,使其发挥更好的功效。但是这些人工合成的材料存在组织相容性差和细胞毒性比较大的问题,不适合用于干细胞支架材料,阻碍了它们在临床上的应用。
发明内容
发明目的:针对上述现有存在的问题和不足,本发明的目的是提供是一种治疗中枢神经损伤的可注射细胞载体水凝胶及其制备方法。该水凝胶可以同时负载不同的干细胞如间充质干细胞(MSCs),具有生物相容性好,细胞毒性低等优点。水凝胶注射可以让脊髓受损后的动物运动功能恢复达到一个较高的水平。本发明开发了一种生物相容性良好的可精确缓释药物及生长因子的可注射细胞载体水凝胶体系,有望用于中枢神经损伤的临床治疗。
技术方案:为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料,以X基团修饰过的天然分子与多臂聚乙二醇-Y通过点击化学反应得到用于病灶原位形成水凝胶支架的聚合物,所述聚合物还负载有纳米/微米粒子和生长因子,所述纳米/微米颗粒负载有免疫调控药物和/或抗氧化药物、和/或DNA、RNA、多肽、蛋白质或外泌体生物大分子;
所述X修饰过的天然分子与多臂聚乙二醇-Y进行点击化学反应的官能团对X与Y选自巯基与马来酰胺基、巯基与烯、叠氮与炔环、共轭双烯与取代烯烃、醛与酰肼、四嗪与降冰片烯、或四嗪与异腈;
所述多臂聚乙二醇-Y,为2-臂聚乙二醇-Y、3-臂聚乙二醇-Y或3-臂聚乙二醇-Y;
所述多臂聚乙二醇-Y中聚乙二醇的聚合度n为1-1000;
所述天然分子为明胶、胶原蛋白、透明质酸或其钠盐或海藻酸钠。
作为优选方案,所述纳米/微米粒子选自反应基团修饰过的高分子微米/纳米粒子和/或脂质体中一种或多种的混合。
作为优选方案,所述纳米/微米粒子采用聚乙烯、聚乳酸或脂质体粒子中的一种或多种的混合。
作为优选方案,所述免疫调控类和/或抗氧化类药物为甲基强的松龙(MP)、甲基泼尼松龙琥珀酸钠(MPSS)、异丙嗪、地塞米松、氢化可的松、布洛芬、羟基保泰松、环孢菌素A、藤霉素、硫唑嘌呤、6-巯基嘌呤、环磷酰胺、他克莫司(KF506)、雷帕霉素、霉酚酸脂、茶多酚(TP)、生育酚、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、DNA、RNA、多肽、蛋白质、外泌体生物大分子中一种或多种的混合。
作为优选方案,所述细胞生长因子为碱性成纤维生长因子(bFGF)、脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、酸性成纤维生长因子(aFGF)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)、胶质细胞衍生神经营养因子(GDNF)、神经营养因子-3(NT-3)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、白介素3(IL-3)、转化生长因子-α(TGF-α)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、血小板衍生的生长因子(PDGF)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)、生长激素释放因子(GRF)中一种或多种的混合。
本发明还提供了一种上述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:氨基化明胶(Gelatin-NH2)的合成:
(1)称量明胶和去离子,并加入盐酸调节pH至5.0~5.3,并在40±10℃下搅拌约1小时至明胶完全溶解,得到质量浓度为10~50g/L的明胶溶液;(2)加入100~200ml/L的乙二胺,并用盐酸调节pH至5.0~5.3;(3)继续立即加入15~25g/L的EDC,并缓慢搅拌反应24h以上后,混合物转移至透析袋,去离子水中避光透析48h小时以上去除杂质;(4)得到的产物经过冻干,得到白色絮状产物Gelatin-NH2,并置于低温保存;
步骤2:巯基化明胶(Gelatin-SH)的合成:
(1)称量Gelatin-NH2溶于去离子水得到浓度为10~30g/L的Gelatin-NH2溶液并调节pH至7.0~7.3;(2)然后加入微过量的2-亚氨基硫杂环戊烷盐酸盐,避光缓慢搅拌反应3h以上;(3)得到反应混合物转移至透析袋,并经过盐酸和去离子水透析去除杂质;(4)得到的产物经过冻干,得到白色絮状产物Gelatin-SH,并置于低温保存;
步骤3:负载甲基强的松龙的马来酰胺化的脂质体纳米粒子的合成:
(1)将(2,3-二油氧基丙基)三甲基氯化铵(DOTAP)、胆固醇、DSPE-PEG(2K) -Maleimide、DSPE-PEG分别配制成5mg/mL的氯仿溶液,并按体积比为 1000:80~120:30~60:30~60的比例混合均匀;(2)然后继续加入甲泼尼龙混合均匀;(3)接着在45±5℃、-0.1MPa气压的条件下旋转蒸发1-2小时,形成均匀薄膜并充分去除氯仿;(4) 随后向薄膜中加入去离子水,超声水化30min至薄膜完全脱落,得到乳白色溶液;(5)接着通过脂质体挤出器将超声后的水化液依次通过0.4μm、0.2μm、0.1μm的滤膜,每个层级推挤15-20次,即可得MP脂质体混悬液。6)随后冷冻干燥去除水分,得到 MP-liposomes-MAL,并置于低温保存;
步骤4:生长因子GFs的马来酰亚胺改性:
将生长因子GFs按照1:30~70的摩尔比与sulfo-SMCC混合反应,得到马来酰亚胺改性的生长因子GF-MAL;
步骤5:溶液A的制备:将MAL-PEG-MAL溶于缓冲液中,制得5%浓度的 MAL-PEG-MAL,然后加入步骤3得到的MP-liposomes-MAL脂质体和步骤4得到的马来酰亚胺改性的生长因子GF-MAL并混合均匀形成溶液A;
步骤6:溶液B的制备:将Gelatin溶于缓冲溶液中,制得8%浓度的Gelatin,混合均匀形成溶液B;
步骤7:将步骤5与步骤6中的溶液A和B按体积比1:1混合反应,即得到偶联负载药物的纳米粒子与细胞生长因子的可注射明胶水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome-MP。
作为优选方案,步骤3和7中所述载药纳米/微米粒子通过偶联反应负载在水凝胶上。
治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料的应用,步骤4和7中所述生长因子通过偶联反应负载在水凝胶上。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下功能和优点:1)一种可注射的空腔填充和 ECM形成支架;2)MP在急性期的快速持续释放以抑制炎症;3)长时间持续释放GFs以促进轴突再生;4)有效减少了囊性空腔与瘢痕组织的形成,促进了神经再生;5)与细胞疗法兼容,可以同时负载不同细胞进行注射,提高脊髓损伤修复的效果。
附图说明
图1为可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料形成过程及结构示意图。
图2A为本发明实施例巯基化明胶合成的化学方程式。
图2B为本发明实施例所制得的氨基化明胶、巯基化明胶及原料明胶的核磁鉴定图谱。
图2C为本发明实施例制备的马来酰亚胺改性的负载MP脂质体纳米粒子 (MAL-liposome-MP)合成路线图。
图2D为本发明实施例制备的马来酰亚胺改性的负载MP脂质体纳米粒子的扫描电镜图谱。
图2E为本发明实施例制备的马来酰亚胺改性的负载MP脂质体纳米粒子 (MP-liposome-MAL)zeta电位分布图谱,不同颜色的线条代表包载不同浓度MP,红色包载 4mg/mL的MP,黑色包载2mg/mL的MP。
图2F为本发明实施例制备的MP-liposome-MAL的粒径分布图,不同颜色的线条代表包载不同浓度MP,红色包载4mg/mL的MP,黑色包载2mg/mL的MP。
图3A为本发明实施例所述巯基化明胶与不同浓度交联剂MAL-PEG-MAL(20,000mw)在体外成胶所需时间。
图3B为MTT法测定本发明所述不同浓度可注射水凝胶体外对人间充质干细胞(MSCs) 的增殖毒性。
图3C为本发明所述不同浓度可注射水凝胶对MSCs细胞生长影响的显微镜光学图谱。
图4A为本发明实施例大鼠损伤部位注射PBS和Gel+MP-liposome-MAL+MSCs的试验流程示意图。
图4B为本发明实施例大鼠损伤部位注射PBS和Gel+MP-liposome-MAL+MSCs后脊髓形状变化图。
图4C为本发明实施例大鼠损伤部位注射PBS和Gel+MP-liposome-MAL+MSCs后损伤部位及前后的神经纤维再生状况免疫染色图。
图4D为本发明实施例大鼠损伤部位注射PBS和Gel+MP-liposome-MAL+MSCs后损伤前后的神经纤维数量统计图。
图4E为本发明实施例大鼠损伤部位注射PBS和Gel+MP-liposome-MAL+MSCs后行为学评分图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明,应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围,在阅读了本发明之后,本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。以下是物质英文缩写和中文名称注释:
Figure RE-GDA0003045517230000051
一、巯基化明胶的合成
巯基化明胶的制备:采用Traut’s试剂法进行改性。
氨基化明胶的合成(图2A):
1)称量1g明胶和25mL去离子水,加入1M盐酸调pH至5.1;
2)在40℃下搅拌约1小时至明胶完全溶解;
3)加入乙二胺(3.14mL)及少量1M盐酸调pH至5.0;
4)随后立即加入0.5g的EDC,室温缓慢搅拌;
5)反应24小时后,混合物转移至透析袋(MWCO8-14kDa),去离子水中避光透析72小时以去除杂质;
6)产物经冷冻干燥机冻干,得到白色絮状产物Gelatin-NH2,置于4℃保存;
7)取少量样品进行FT-IR和1H-NMR表征(图2B)。
巯基化明胶(Gelatin-SH)的合成(图2A)。:
1)称量0.4ggeltain-NH2溶解于20mL去离子水并调pH至7.0;
2)随后加入微过量的2-亚氨基硫杂环戊烷盐酸盐,避光缓慢搅拌反应;
3)反应4小时后,混合物转移至透析袋(MWCO8-14kDa),5mM盐酸溶液避光透析 24小时,1mM盐酸溶液透析24小时,去离子水透析24小时,以去除杂质;
4)产物经冷冻干燥机冻干,得到白色絮状产物Gelatin-SH,4℃保存;
5)取少量样品进行FT-IR和1H-NMR表征。
二、负载MP的马来酰胺修饰脂质体的制备
负载MP的马来酰胺修饰脂质体的制备:采用薄膜水化法(图2C)。
MP-liposomes-MAL的合成:
1)将(2,3-二油氧基丙基)三甲基氯化铵(DOTAP)、胆固醇、DSPE-PEG(2K)-Maleimide、 DSPE-PEG,均配置成5mg/mL的氯仿溶液;
2)取840μLDOTAP、120μL胆固醇、50μLDSPE-PEG(2K)-Maleimide和 50μLDSPE-PEG,加入50mL梨形瓶中充分混合均匀;
3)取甲泼尼龙4.0mg/mL溶液1mL加入混合液;
4)各组分充分混匀后,在45℃、-0.1MPa气压下旋转蒸发1-2小时,形成均匀薄膜并充分去除氯仿;
5)随后向薄膜中加入1mL去离子水,超声水化30min至薄膜完全脱落,得到乳白色溶液;
6)接着利用脂质体挤出器(
Figure RE-GDA0003045517230000061
Mini-Extruder)将超声后的水化液依次通过0.4μm、 0.2μm、0.1μm的滤膜,每个层级推挤15-20次,即可得MP脂质体混悬液;
7)随后冷冻干燥去除水分,得到MP-liposomes-MAL,存放于4℃冰箱,并进行表征(图2D、2E和2F)。
三、马来酰亚胺改性的生长因子及效率评价
生长因子GFs的马来酰亚胺改性:所述生长因子采用浓度为50ng/mL的bFGF、BDNF和VEGF,生长因子GFs与sulfo-SMCC以1:50的摩尔比反应5min,然后用3T3、C6和 HUVEC细胞检测马来酰亚胺修饰bFGF、BDNF和VEGF对细胞增殖活性的影响。将细胞分别接种于96孔培养板上,孵育24小时后,用PBS洗涤细胞1次。然后,将0.1mL改性或未改性的含有生长因子的培养基按所示形式加入每个孔中,对照样品加入无生长因子培养基,将培养板在37℃、5%CO2细胞培养箱中培养24小时,并使用MTT方法测量细胞增殖活性,在550nm波长下用微板阅读器测定吸光度。
细胞系 NIH3T3 C6 HUVEC
基础培养基 DMEM DMEM EGM-2
生长因子 bFGF(30ng/mL) BDNF(100ng/mL) VEGF(30ng/mL)
细胞数(细胞/孔) 40000个 60000个 40000个
结果显示:经修饰的GFs与正常GFs培养的细胞活力无明显差异。
四、可注射水凝胶溶液的制备
Gelatin-MP-liposome按以下方法制备:配制10%的MAL-PEG-MAL,然后与MP-liposome-MAL(8%,wt%)混合,将马来酰亚胺修饰的VEGF(10ng/μL)、BDNF(50ng/μL)、bFGF(10ng/μL)加入形成溶液A。将Gelatin-SH溶于缓冲溶液中形成溶液B(8%,wt%)。将溶液A和B按体积比1:1的比例混合,进行聚合反应制成Gelatin-MP-liposome(图2A)。巯基马来酰亚胺Michael加成反应可在高浓度(高于2.5%)下以小于3秒的凝胶速率形成水凝胶,在稀释条件下(1%)未观察到凝胶化(图2A)。
本实施例可注射水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome的制备是通过具有反应基团对巯基(-SH) 化天然分子与马来酰胺基(-MAL)的2-臂聚乙二醇进行点击化学反应耦合而成。需要指出的是:能发生点击化学反应耦合的反应基团对均可以代替,也属于本发明的保护范围。例如:巯基与烯、叠氮与炔环、共轭双烯与取代烯烃、醛与酰肼、四嗪与降冰片烯、四嗪与异腈。
本实施例制备的可注射水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome负载的免疫调节或抗氧化药物采用的是MP,而例举的异丙嗪、地塞米松、氢化可的松、布洛芬、羟基保泰松、环孢菌素A、藤霉素、硫唑嘌呤、6-巯基嘌呤、环磷酰胺、他克莫司(KF506)、雷帕霉素、霉酚酸脂、茶多酚(TP)、生育酚、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)和/或叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)中一种或多种的混合作为免疫调节或抗氧化药物同样可以替换,属于本发明的保护范围。
同样的,本实施例制备的可注射水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome负载的细胞生长因子GFs 可选用:碱性成纤维生长因子(bFGF)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)、酸性成纤维生长因子(aFGF)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)、胶质细胞衍生神经营养因子(GDNF)、神经营养因子-3(NT-3)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、白介素3(IL-3)、转化生长因子-α(TGF-α)、血小板衍生的生长因子(PDGF)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)和/或生长激素释放因子(GRF)中一种或多种的混合。
五、可注射水凝胶溶液体外对细胞生长的影响
Gelatin-MP-liposome按以下方法制备:以细胞完全培养基分别配制4、6、8和10%的 MAL-PEG-MAL,然后与MP-liposome-MAL(8%,wt%)混合,将马来酰亚胺修饰的VEGF(10ng/μL)、BDNF(50ng/μL)、bFGF(10ng/μL)加入形成溶液A。将Gelatin-SH溶于含 MSC细胞的完全培养基中形成溶液B(8%,wt%,细胞浓度为3.0×105/mL)。将溶液A和 B按体积比1:1的比例混合,然后以100uL/孔加入96孔板上,置于37℃,5%CO2的细胞培养箱中进行培养。
培养72h后取出,分别用MTT法和显微镜观察方法测定可注射水凝胶对细胞生长的影响(图2B和2C)。结果显示低浓度交联剂形成的水凝胶对细胞生长无任何影响,而高浓度交联剂(不低于5%)形成的水凝胶对细胞生长有一定的抑制作用,但是细胞仍能存活并具备增殖能力,说明本实施例制备的可注射水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性,可与细胞移植疗法结合实验。
六、可注射水凝胶溶液Gelatin-MP-liposome联合MSCs在SCI治疗中的效果表征
a、Gelatin-MP-liposome联合MSCs减少挫伤性脊髓损伤后的空洞形成
雌性sprague-dawley大鼠(200-250g,二级,证书号:SCXK2008-0033,浙江省医学科学院实验动物中心,杭州市)撞伤后1周,在损伤部位注射PBS、或 Gelatin-MP-liposome-MSC(图3A)。伤后8周,观察注射后脊髓组织空腔大小。
结果显示:脊髓注射PBS后,其形状严重变形,损伤部位完整组织大量丢失(图3B)。。 b、Gelatin-MP-liposome联合MSCs抑制囊性空腔与瘢痕组织形成并促进轴突生长
为了进一步评估水凝胶联合MSCs的治疗效果,我们收集了损伤部位的脊髓和头、尾侧组织(图3C)。免疫染色观察神经丝阳性轴突(NF轴突),结果发现水凝胶联合MSCs可显著增加损伤部位及损伤后部位NF轴突的数量,并且空洞面积也明显变少。
c、Gelatin-MP-liposome联合MSCs治疗提高大鼠行为学表现
BBB评分结果显示,水凝胶联合MSCs治疗可显著提高大鼠的行为学评分,说明可促进大鼠运动功能恢复。
以上结果表明本发明成功制备了具有药物释放能力的生物相容性良好的可注射水凝胶,能与细胞移植疗法兼容,能用于SCI的修复,具体特征如下:
1、通过本发明制备的可注射水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome能使脊髓损伤的原位凝胶化,确保了其能适配空腔的形状,从而使脊髓组织和凝胶之间的间隙最小化。在损伤部位注入的水凝胶为成纤维细胞的迁移和侵袭提供了支架,形成富含成纤维细胞的ECM,从而减少孔洞产生。
2、本发明的可注射水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome具有合适的溶胀比,降低了损伤部位残留组织二次损伤风险。
3、本发明通过反应基团修饰的负载药物的纳米粒子/GFs与水凝胶的反应基团通过点击化学耦合,使药物或生长因子能在损伤部位持续释放,适应脊髓损伤后病理变化。
4、本发明制备的可注射水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome具有良好的生物相容性可与干细胞疗法联合应用进一步提高疗效。
5、本发明制备的可注射水凝胶有助于脊髓神经生长,促进行为学功能恢复。

Claims (8)

1.一种治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料,其特征在于:以X基团修饰过的天然分子与多臂聚乙二醇-Y通过点击化学反应得到用于病灶原位形成水凝胶支架的聚合物,所述聚合物还负载有纳米/微米粒子和生长因子,所述纳米/微米颗粒负载有免疫调控药物和/或抗氧化药物、和/或DNA、RNA、多肽、蛋白质或外泌体生物大分子;
所述X修饰过的天然分子与多臂聚乙二醇-Y进行点击化学反应的官能团对X与Y选自巯基与马来酰胺基、巯基与烯、叠氮与炔环、共轭双烯与取代烯烃、醛与酰肼、四嗪与降冰片烯、或四嗪与异腈;
所述多臂聚乙二醇-Y,为2-臂聚乙二醇-Y、3-臂聚乙二醇-Y或3-臂聚乙二醇-Y;
所述多臂聚乙二醇-Y中聚乙二醇的聚合度n为1-1000;
所述天然分子为明胶、胶原蛋白、透明质酸或其钠盐或海藻酸钠。
2.根据权利要求1所述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料,其特征在于:所述纳米/微米粒子选自反应基团修饰过的高分子微米/纳米粒子和/或脂质体中一种或多种的混合。
3.根据权利要求2所述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料,其特征在于:所述纳米/微米粒子采用聚乙烯、聚乳酸或脂质体粒子中的一种或多种的混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料,其特征在于:所述免疫调控类和/或抗氧化类药物为甲基强的松龙(MP)、甲基泼尼松龙琥珀酸钠(MPSS)、异丙嗪、地塞米松、氢化可的松、布洛芬、羟基保泰松、环孢菌素A、藤霉素、硫唑嘌呤、6-巯基嘌呤、环磷酰胺、他克莫司(KF506)、雷帕霉素、霉酚酸脂、茶多酚(TP)、生育酚、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、DNA,RNA、多肽、蛋白质、外泌体生物大分子中一种或多种的混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料,其特征在于:所述细胞生长因子为碱性成纤维生长因子(bFGF)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、酸性成纤维生长因子(aFGF)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)、胶质细胞衍生神经营养因子(GDNF)、神经营养因子-3(NT-3)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、白介素3(IL-3)、转化生长因子-α(TGF-α)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、血小板衍生的生长因子(PDGF)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)、生长激素释放因子(GRF)中一种或多种的混合。
6.一种权利要求1~5任一所述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:氨基化明胶(Gelatin-NH2)的合成:
(1)称量明胶和去离子,并加入盐酸调节pH至5.0~5.3,并在40±10℃下搅拌约1小时至明胶完全溶解,得到质量浓度为10~50g/L的明胶溶液;(2)加入100~200ml/L的乙二胺,并用盐酸调节pH至5.0~5.3;(3)继续立即加入15~25g/L的EDC,并缓慢搅拌反应24h以上后,混合物转移至透析袋,去离子水中避光透析48h小时以上去除杂质;(4)得到的产物经过冻干,得到白色絮状产物Gelatin-NH2,并置于低温保存;
步骤2:巯基化明胶(Gelatin-SH)的合成:
(1)称量Gelatin-NH2溶于去离子水得到浓度为10~30g/L的Gelatin-NH2溶液并调节pH至7.0~7.3;(2)然后加入微过量的2-亚氨基硫杂环戊烷盐酸盐,避光缓慢搅拌反应3h以上;(3)得到反应混合物转移至透析袋,并经过盐酸和去离子水透析去除杂质;(4)得到的产物经过冻干,得到白色絮状产物Gelatin-SH,并置于低温保存;
步骤3:负载甲基强的松龙的马来酰胺化的脂质体纳米粒子的合成:
(1)将(2,3-二油氧基丙基)三甲基氯化铵(DOTAP)、胆固醇、DSPE-PEG(2K)-Maleimide、DSPE-PEG分别配制成5mg/mL的氯仿溶液,并按体积比为1000:80~120:30~60:30~60的比例混合均匀;(2)然后继续加入甲泼尼龙混合均匀;(3)接着在45±5℃、-0.1MPa气压的条件下旋转蒸发1-2小时,形成均匀薄膜并充分去除氯仿;(4)随后向薄膜中加入去离子水,超声水化30min至薄膜完全脱落,得到乳白色溶液;(5)接着通过脂质体挤出器将超声后的水化液依次通过0.4μm、0.2μm、0.1μm的滤膜,每个层级推挤15-20次,即可得MP脂质体混悬液。6)随后冷冻干燥去除水分,得到MP-liposomes-MAL,并置于低温保存;
步骤4:生长因子GFs的马来酰亚胺改性:
将生长因子GFs按照1:30~70的摩尔比与sulfo-SMCC混合反应,得到马来酰亚胺改性的生长因子GF-MAL;
步骤5:溶液A的制备:将MAL-PEG-MAL溶于缓冲液中,制得5%浓度的MAL-PEG-MAL,然后加入步骤3得到的MP-liposomes-MAL脂质体和步骤4得到的马来酰亚胺改性的生长因子GF-MAL并混合均匀形成溶液A;
步骤6:溶液B的制备:将Gelatin溶于缓冲溶液中,制得8%浓度的Gelatin,混合均匀形成溶液B;
步骤7:将步骤5与步骤6中的溶液A和B按体积比1:1混合反应,即得到偶联负载药物的纳米粒子与细胞生长因子的可注射明胶水凝胶Gelatin-MP-liposome-MP。
7.根据权利要求6所述治疗中枢神经损伤的可注射水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3和7中所述载药纳米/微米粒子通过偶联反应负载在水凝胶上。
8.根据权利要求6所述治疗软组织损伤的可注射水凝胶细胞支架材料的应用,其特征在于:步骤4和7中所述生长因子通过偶联反应负载在水凝胶上。
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