CN114631847A - Time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of medical ultrasonic transducer array - Google Patents
Time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of medical ultrasonic transducer array Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Abstract
The invention discloses a time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array, aiming at the crosstalk of an ultrasonic transducer during signal wiring, the invention reasonably arranges wires on a printed circuit board according to the flow direction of signals to connect a connector and a multiplexing chip, thereby avoiding the situation that the distance between signal wires through which electric signals pass is too narrow. Aiming at the problem of crosstalk inside the chip, a wiring topological strategy is established, and logically adjacent transducer array element channels are physically isolated and respectively connected to different multiplexing chips, so that the aim of preventing crosstalk is fulfilled. The method uses an independent integrated circuit with a standard connection protocol to realize time-sharing multiplexing of signals, and provides a solution for an ultrasonic system with a small channel number and a driving multi-array element sequence. The method is closely linked with an ultrasonic scanning sequence, a wiring strategy is designed according to special image imaging requirements, and imaging quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical information and circuit layout design, in particular to a time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array.
Background
The ultrasound CT technology, as a next-generation novel medical image modality technology, is currently promoted and tested in clinical applications such as early breast cancer screening and diagnosis, and is a key technology of medical instruments developed for people's life health. The ultrasound CT controls the ultrasound transducer array to generate the bundled ultrasound waves in each direction, thereby implementing the tomography function on the body tissue.
Along with the large-scale development of the ultrasonic transducer array and the miniaturization development of the array elements, the quality of an ultrasonic reconstruction image is improved, and meanwhile, higher requirements on ultrasonic hardware equipment in the aspects of high-efficiency transmission and multi-channel signal processing are also provided. Due to the limitation of conditions such as signal acquisition precision, chip performance, equipment cost, equipment volume and the like, the number of channels for transmitting and receiving signals of an acquisition module of the ultrasonic hardware equipment may not be 1: 1 fits even far less than the number of ultrasound transducer arrays. The traditional medical ultrasonic equipment uses a multiplexing circuit module, and the problem of unmatched channel numbers is solved through the time-sharing multiplexing technology of a transducer array.
The time division multiplexing method enables different signals to be transmitted in different time slices in a channel combination mode. Firstly, grouping transducer array elements at an ultrasonic signal acquisition side, sequentially acquiring time-sharing multiplexing data by different groups of transducers in a unit period through working time segmentation, repeating in a circulating way, finally segmenting ultrasonic signals acquired in each period according to the unit period, and restoring the data subjected to time-sharing multiplexing to the ultrasonic signal data acquired according to the array elements at a data processing end, so that the performance maximization of a limited ultrasonic transceiving channel is realized. The time division multiplexing circuit is physically connected with the ultrasonic research system and the transducer array, and defines a signal acquisition logic time sequence and a data transmission protocol format.
On the other hand, crosstalk is easily caused at the ultrasonic transducer end and the highly integrated time division multiplexing circuit module. Ultrasonic signals are transmitted, received and transmitted in an electric signal mode after passing through the transducer end, each array element on the transducer array is controlled by an independent channel, crosstalk is formed among lines which are close to each other in a miniaturized and highly integrated control circuit, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic signals is possibly reduced. To suppress crosstalk, Stanley Chen and others successfully suppress a part of crosstalk by using a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) at an output terminal of an integrated circuit in cooperation with an anti-crosstalk suppression function inside an analog switch. Duohongyang et al successfully suppressed crosstalk between different transducers in a unit period by using multiple transducers to time-division-multiplex the ultrasound signals. Shih-Chu Huang et al have proposed methods in the field of fiber sensing to reduce sensor crosstalk using laser sources with sufficient coherence length.
The existing time-division multiplexing ultrasonic transceiving method has the following problems: 1. crosstalk due to wiring is not considered: in circuit design, too close a signal line spacing can cause some degree of crosstalk. 2. Cross talk inside the chip is not considered: the time-division multiplexing method is generally performed by a multiplexing chip, and signals cause crosstalk when passing through the inside of the multiplexing chip with high integration.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting the crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array comprises the following steps:
(1) the matching of the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator and the number of array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer array is realized through the model selection of the multiplexing chip;
(2) the anti-crosstalk design method for the medical ultrasonic transducer array comprises the following steps:
(2.1) designing a multiplexing chip layout strategy, wherein the multiplexing chip is arranged around the main control chip and is close to a connector connected with the ultrasonic signal generator and a connector connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array as much as possible;
(2.2) signal line sequence planning design, establishing a line sequence topological table, physically isolating the transducer array element channels which are logically adjacent on a time division multiplexing control panel and respectively connecting the transducer array element channels to different multiplexing chips(ii) a The main control chip controls the on-off of the switch in the multiplexing chip through the set time sequence, and the switch in the multiplexing chip is respectively in 1-COne path is gated in one clock cycle, and then synthesized in the complete clock cycleCA received signal, whereinCThe number of multiplexing chips;
(2.3) the stacking design of the time division multiplexing control board, a plurality of multiplexing chips are spatially arranged in different areas, and signal lines fanned out by different multiplexing chips are distributed on different signal layers of the time division multiplexing control board on a main body;
(2.4) routing optimization design, which comprises routing avoidance cross-layer design and routing fine adjustment;
(3) the peripheral design of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel comprises: designing a main control chip, a power module and a communication module for controlling the operation of the multiplexing chip;
(4) carrying out self-checking on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel and manufacturing the panel;
(5) and the time division multiplexing control panel is connected between the ultrasonic signal generator and the medical ultrasonic transducer array to realize crosstalk inhibition.
Further, in step (1), the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator is determinedNArray element number of medical ultrasonic transducer arrayMAccording to the proportion, determining the type and number of the multiplexing chipsC。
Further, in the step (2.1), the time division multiplexing control board is divided into three areas, from left to right, 1,2 and 3 areas, the main control chip is arranged in the 1 area, the connector connected with the ultrasonic signal generator is transversely arranged on the upper part of the 2 area, a plurality of multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged from bottom to top, and the connector connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array is longitudinally arranged in the 3 area.
Further, in the step (2.2), the line sequence topology table includes three parts, i.e., an input side, a multiplexing chip number and an output side, the connection mode of the input and output signals on the time-division multiplexing control board is marked in the table, the input side is a channel topology connection representation from the time-division multiplexing control board to the connector of the ultrasonic signal generator, and the output side is a channel topology connection representation from the time-division multiplexing control board to the connector of the medical ultrasonic transducer array.
Further, in the step (2.2), the relationship between the multiplexing chip number on the time division multiplexing control board and the input/output channel satisfies:
knowing input channel numberingICorresponding multiplex chip number
And output channel numbering
Is composed of
Known output channel numberingOCorresponding multiplex chip numbering
And inputting channel numbers
Is composed of
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator,% is the operator of remainder, and \ is the operator of integer division.
Further, in the step (2.3), the time division multiplexing control board is designed by using a six-layer printed circuit board, and the steps are as follows from top to bottom: the top layer and the bottom layer are chip layers and can be used as signal layers selectively, and connectors are arranged on the top layer and/or the bottom layer.
Further, in the step (2.4), cross-layer transmission of signal lines is reduced in the process of designing the time division multiplexing control panel, if the layers must be crossed, the requirement that only one layer is crossed in each cross-layer design is met, and the total process is not more than three signal layers; in addition, the condition that the wiring is in a right angle or an acute angle in the transmission process of the same layer is avoided or reduced in the process of designing the time division multiplexing control panel.
Further, the step (4) comprises: confirming whether the time-sharing multiplexing control panel has a short circuit or an open circuit, confirming whether the power plane division is reasonable, confirming whether each parameter on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel meets the process requirement of a plate making factory, confirming whether the chip and the connector are packaged correctly, and delivering the chip and the connector to the plate making factory after confirming that all the conditions are met.
Further, when the number of channels of the medical ultrasonic transducer array is doubled, the number of multiplexing chips is doubled, the time-sharing multiplexing control board is transversely divided into five areas in the layout, the areas are 1,2,3,4 and 5 from left to right, connectors connected with the ultrasonic signal generator are transversely arranged in the area 2-4, the main control chip is arranged in the area 3, half of the multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged in the area 2 from bottom to top, the other half of the multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged in the area 4 from bottom to top, and connectors connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array are respectively arranged in the area 1 and the area 5; two paths of signals led out by each connector bonding pad connected with the ultrasonic signal generator are respectively connected into one multiplexing chip in the No. 2 area and one multiplexing chip in the No. 4 area.
Further, when the number of connectors connected to the medical ultrasonic transducer array is equal toLThe number of array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer arrayMAnd the number of multiplexed chipsCAre all provided withLAnd multiple, the relation between the serial number of the multiplexing chip on the time division multiplexing control panel and the input and output channels meets the following requirements:
knowing input channel numberingICorresponding to the firstiMultiplexing chip numbering of individual connectors
Comprises the following steps:
then
The chip corresponds toiA connector and the secondjNumber of each output channel
，
Known output channel numberingOCorresponding input channel number
And multiplexing chip numbering
Comprises the following steps:
wherein, N is the channel number of the ultrasonic signal generator,% is the operator of remainder, and \ is the operator of integer division.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array, aiming at the crosstalk of an ultrasonic transducer during signal wiring, the invention reasonably arranges wires on a printed circuit board according to the flow direction of signals to connect a connector and a multiplexing chip, and avoids the situation that the wire distance between signal wires through which electric signals pass is too narrow. Aiming at the problem of crosstalk in the chip, the invention provides a wiring topology strategy, and the transducer array element channels which are logically adjacent are physically isolated and are respectively connected to different multiplexing chips, so that the aim of preventing crosstalk is fulfilled. The invention uses the time-sharing multiplexing of the signal by the independent integrated circuit with the standard connection protocol, and provides a solution for the ultrasonic system which drives the multi-array element sequence by a small number of channels. The invention is closely connected with the ultrasonic scanning sequence, designs a wiring strategy aiming at the special image imaging requirement and improves the imaging quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a multiplexing chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of control sequences of array elements of a conventional processing ultrasonic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection of signal lines at connector pins using crosstalk suppression according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic layout diagram of a multiplexing chip after the number of ultrasound transducers is expanded according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present application are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) through the selection of the multiplex chip, the matching of the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator and the number of array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer array, namely the medical probe, is realized, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to match the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator with the number of array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer array, there are generally two methods. The first is to lead out the array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer array in a mechanical connection mode, and cascade a plurality of ultrasonic signal generators, which can greatly increase the cost and the volume; the second one is to use a time-sharing multiplexing control panel between the ultrasonic signal generator and the medical ultrasonic transducer array in the form of an integrated circuit to achieve array element matching, but the conventional time-sharing multiplexing control panel realizes single-pole multi-throw time-sharing multiplexing through a mechanical switch, and has larger volume and low integration level.
In the invention, the time-sharing multiplexing control panel based on the multiplexing chip is designed to achieve the aim, and the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator is firstly determinedNArray element number of medical ultrasonic transducer arrayMThe quantitative relationship of (A) is usually proportional, according to the proportionCThe model and number of the multiplexing chips are determined. The number of channels of the conventional ultrasonic signal generator is mostly 32, 64, etc., and the number of array elements of the conventional medical ultrasonic transducer array is mostly 128, 256, etc.
In the case of the embodiment 1, the following,N=32，M=128, thenC=M/N=4, the ideal multiplexing chip is 32 channel input, 128 channel output, but it is difficult to implement, and at present, there is no process to achieve, so in this embodiment, HV2818 chip is adopted, the chip is 8 channel input, 32 channel output, 4 HV2818 chips are selected to be connected in parallel, and the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator and the number of channels of the medical instrument can be implementedMatching array elements of an ultrasonic transducer array.
For theMCan not be coveredNIn the special case of integer division, the channels of the ultrasonic signal generator are numbered first and then solvedC=M/N(/ is integer division symbol), can be selected on scheduleC+ 1 of the multiplexing chips, and a multiplexer,M-(C*N) The value of (2) is defined as redundant ultrasonic array element channels, the channels are sequentially connected to the channels from 1 of the ultrasonic signal generator through a multiplexing chip, and the anti-crosstalk design is carried out according to the original method.
More analog switches are integrated in the multiplexing chip, high-voltage driving is not needed, the on-off of the switches can be controlled through digital signals, the integration level of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel is improved, and the problem that the channel number of the ultrasonic signal generator is not matched with the array element number of the medical ultrasonic transducer array is solved.
(2) The anti-crosstalk design method for the medical ultrasonic transducer array comprises the following sub-steps:
(2.1) designing a layout strategy of the multiplexing chip, which specifically comprises the following steps:
generally, the placement positions of the multiplexing chips are placed around the main control chip as much as possible, which is beneficial for the main control chip to control the on-off of the internal switch of the multiplexing chip by using digital signals, and reduces the time delay.
The method improves a general placing position strategy, and the multiplex chip is arranged around the main control chip as close as possible to the connector connected with the ultrasonic signal generator and the connector connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array. The connector in the embodiment adopts UTA-260, and can be compatible with various medical ultrasonic transducers.
The layout strategy in the method meets the requirement that the main control chip controls the quality of the digital control signal of the multiplex chip on one hand, and can reduce the transmission path of the signal by being close to the connector on the other hand, thereby reducing the loss of energy and improving the quality of the analog signal.
In embodiment 1, the layout is shown in fig. 2, specifically: the whole time-sharing multiplexing control panel is divided into three areas in the transverse direction, and the areas from left to right are areas 1,2 and 3 respectively. The connector connected with the ultrasonic signal generator is transversely arranged in the No. 2 area, the main control chip is arranged in the No. 1 area, 4 multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged in the No. 2 area from bottom to top, and the connector connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array is longitudinally arranged in the No. 3 area.
(2.2) signal line sequence planning design, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the conventional signal line sequence design does not have special requirements, as long as the requirement that the signal line can be directly connected with the multiplexing chip and the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator is matched with the array element number of the medical ultrasonic transducer array is met.
In the method, in order to inhibit the crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array on a signal path, a signal line sequence is redesigned, and a crosstalk inhibition strategy is added in a line sequence topology, so that the possible crosstalk is reduced physically. Specifically, the invention establishes a wiring topology strategy, physically isolates logically adjacent transducer array element channels and respectively connects the transducer array element channels to different multiplexing chips, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing crosstalk.
In example 1, the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generatorN=32 array element number of medical ultrasonic transducer arrayMAnd =128, 4 HV2818 chips are adopted, the number is 1,2,3,4, the line sequence topology is shown in table 1, and the connection mode of the input and output signals on the time division multiplexing control board is marked in table 1, wherein the input side is the channel topology connection representation from the time division multiplexing control board to the ultrasonic signal generator connector, the number is the multiplexing chip number, and the output side is the channel topology connection representation from the time division multiplexing control board to the medical ultrasonic transducer array connector.
Table 1 line sequence topology table of example 1
In the whole signal flow of the time division multiplexing control panel, signals firstly flow from an ultrasonic signal generator connector to a multiplexing chip and then flow to a medical ultrasonic transducer array connector, in the embodiment 1, the multiplexing chip with 4 blocks of 8 input channels and 32 output channels is used, the multiplexing chip integrates an anti-crosstalk design, the crosstalk inside the chip is-70 dB, the chip has low on-resistance, and meanwhile, the static crosstalk, the dynamic crosstalk and the inter-channel crosstalk inside the chip are also inhibited.
The master control chip of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel needs to control the on-off of the internal switch of the multiplexing chip through a set time sequence, and in the time sequence design, the analog switches in the multiplexing chip are respectively in 1 ^ erC(in the present embodiment)C= 4) gating one of the channels in a clock cycle, and synthesizing in one complete clock cycleCThe received signal is received. Therefore, the reasonable distribution of the multiplexing chip numbers and the input and output channels on the time division multiplexing control board can achieve time division multiplexing, and 32 channels on the input side are multiplexed to 128 channels on the output side.
In this embodiment, the enable pin of the multiplexing chip is controlled to allow the signal to pass through the designated multiplexing chip. The relation of the input and output channels of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel can be calculated according to the input channel number to obtain the output channel number, or vice versa, and meanwhile, the serial number of the multiplexing chip can be obtained, and the specific time sequence is expressed by a formula:
knowing input channel numberingICorresponding multiplex chip numbering
And the firstjNumber of each output channel
Comprises the following steps:
known output channel numberingOCorresponding multiplex chip numbering
And inputting channel numbers
Comprises the following steps:
wherein,% is the remainder operator and \ is the integer operator.
The anti-crosstalk signal line sequence design of the invention physically increases the interval between two groups of signal lines which simultaneously transmit signals, wherein the interval is usually more than three times of line width, thereby fully inhibiting crosstalk and not introducing insertion loss caused by a new device.
(2.3) the time division multiplexing control panel is designed in a stacking mode, and the stacking design specifically comprises the following steps:
the general stacked design mainly considers the conditions of signal wiring convenience and chip signal fan-out, and a common four-layer printed circuit board generally comprises a top layer (chip layer), a power supply layer, a ground layer and a bottom layer (chip layer), and the stacked mode can meet most application requirements.
In order to reduce crosstalk caused by over-compact arrangement of signal lines and consider the factor that the pin pitch of the multiplexing chip is smaller, the method uses a six-layer printed circuit board design. The circuit board sequentially comprises from top to bottom: the top layer (chip layer), signal layer, power plane, stratum, signal layer, bottom layer (chip layer), wherein top layer and bottom can regard as signal layer, and the connector can all be laid to top layer and bottom simultaneously. In order to reduce crosstalk in the signal transmission process, four multiplexing chips are spatially arranged in four areas, namely, 4 to 7 shown in fig. 2, signal lines fanned out by different multiplexing chips in the four areas are distributed on different signal layers on a main body, and the crosstalk is also suppressed. Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of control sequences of array elements of a conventional medical ultrasonic transducer, and it can be seen that the continuous control signals are all arranged continuously, which is convenient for continuous on-control, but is not beneficial to reducing crosstalk. Fig. 4 is a connection mode of a signal line at a pin of a connector according to the method for suppressing crosstalk provided by the present invention, the present invention considers the influence of crosstalk during wiring, the connector and a multiplexing chip are reasonably wired and connected on a printed circuit board according to the flow direction of signals, continuous array elements control signals not to be closely arranged, the situation that the distance of the signal line through which an electrical signal passes is too narrow is avoided, and crosstalk is sufficiently suppressed.
(2.4) walk line optimal design, avoid the cross-layer design and walk line fine setting including walking the line, specifically do:
in order to improve the signal transmission quality, the cross-layer transmission of signal lines in the transmission process is reduced as much as possible in the process of designing the printed circuit board, and meanwhile, the condition that the wiring is in a right angle or an acute angle in the transmission process of the same layer is avoided or reduced, wherein the signal insertion loss is reduced in the former, and the signal reflection is reduced in the latter.
Specifically, the signal line is connected to the multiplexing chip from the connector pin of the ultrasonic signal generator and is connected to the connector pin of the medical ultrasonic transducer array from the multiplexing chip, the transmission path of the signal line does not span layers as much as possible, if the layers need to be spanned, the requirement that only one layer is spanned in each layer-spanning design is met, and the whole process does not exceed three signal layers.
For example, for the above six-layer printed circuit board design, the signal layers capable of being routed are layers 1,2, 5 and 6, and according to the above rule, if signal transmission starts from layer 1, the transmission path thereof goes through layers 1,2 and 5 at most, and the optimal routing method is to route at layer 1.
(3) The peripheral design of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to enable the time division multiplexing control panel to complete the function of inhibiting the crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array, a main control chip, a power supply module, a communication module and the like for controlling the operation of the multiplexing chip are required to be designed.
In embodiment 1, the voltage at the input/output port of the main control chip is the same as the logic power supply voltage of the multiplexing chip, and the voltage of the same level is multiplexed to the multiplexing chip and the main control chip, thereby greatly reducing the design cost and reducing the possibility of introducing new signal interference.
(4) The time division multiplexing control panel is subjected to self-checking and is manufactured, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
confirming whether the time-sharing multiplexing control panel has a short circuit or an open circuit, confirming whether the power plane division is reasonable, confirming whether each parameter on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel meets the process requirement of a plate making factory, confirming whether the chip and the connector are packaged correctly, and delivering the parameters to the plate making factory after all the items meet the requirements.
(5) The application of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel is accessed between the ultrasonic signal generator and the medical ultrasonic transducer array to realize crosstalk inhibition, and specifically comprises the following steps:
after the time-sharing multiplexing control panel is manufactured, a connector connected with the ultrasonic signal generator on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel is connected with the ultrasonic signal generator, and the other end of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel is connected with a connector connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel and the medical ultrasonic transducer array. And after the insertion is confirmed to be correct, the time division multiplexing control board is electrified, and the ultrasonic signal generator is started to realize crosstalk suppression.
The invention also has a corresponding solution to the need of expanding the number of medical ultrasonic transducers. In embodiment 2, a 32-channel ultrasonic signal generator is converted into a 128-channel medical ultrasonic transducer array, and is expanded into a 256-channel medical ultrasonic transducer array. The selection of the multiplex chip type is the same as in embodiment 1, at this timeN=32，M=256, thenC=M/N=8, 8 HV2818 chips are used in parallel in example 2. Similarly, in the layout, the time division multiplexing control board is divided into five regions, as shown in fig. 5, from left to right, 1,2,3,4, 5 regions are respectively, connectors connected with the ultrasonic signal generator are transversely arranged in the 2-4 regions, the main control chip is arranged in the 3 region, 4 multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged from bottom to top in the 2 region, 4 multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged from bottom to top in the 4 region, and connectors connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array are respectively arranged in the 1 region and the 5 region.
In this embodiment, it is only necessary to pass the signal through the designated multiplexing chip by controlling the enable pin of the multiplexing chip. Of input-output channels of time-division-multiplexed control boardsThe relation can be calculated according to the input channel number to obtain the output channel number, or vice versa, and the multiplexing chip number can be obtained at the same time. Specifically, when the medical ultrasonic transducer array is connected with the connector assemblyLThe number of the array elements of the medical transducer arrayMAnd the number of multiplexed chipsCAre all provided withLThe relation between the serial number of the multiplexing chip on the time division multiplexing control panel and the input and output channels meets the following requirements:
knowing input channel numberingICorresponding to the firstiMultiplexing chip numbering of individual connectors
Comprises the following steps:
then
The chip corresponds toiA connector and the secondjNumber of each output channel
，
Known output channel numberingOCorresponding input channel number
And multiplexing chip numbering
Comprises the following steps:
wherein,% is the remainder operator and \ is the integer operator.
In the subsequent design method, referring to the design in embodiment 1, two paths of signals led out from each connector pad connected to the ultrasonic signal generator are respectively connected to one multiplexing chip in the No. 2 area and one multiplexing chip in the No. 4 area, and the crosstalk between the two paths of signals can be ignored due to the longer chip spacing.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in one or more embodiments of the present description to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments herein. The word "if," as used herein, may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination," depending on the context.
The above description is intended only to be exemplary of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and should not be taken as limiting the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that come within the spirit and scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A time-sharing multiplexing method for inhibiting crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the matching of the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator and the number of array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer array is realized through the type selection of the multiplexing chip;
(2) the anti-crosstalk design method for the medical ultrasonic transducer array comprises the following steps:
(2.1) designing a multiplexing chip layout strategy, wherein the multiplexing chip is arranged around the main control chip and is close to a connector connected with the ultrasonic signal generator and a connector connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array as much as possible;
(2.2) designing a signal line sequence plan, establishing a line sequence topological table, and physically isolating logically adjacent transducer array element channels on a time division multiplexing control panel and respectively connecting the transducer array element channels to different multiplexing chips; the main control chip controls the on-off of the internal switch of the multiplexing chip through a set time sequence, and the internal switches of the multiplexing chip are respectively in 1-CGating a channel in one clock cycleAnd synthesized in a complete clock cycleCA received signal, whereinCThe number of multiplexing chips;
(2.3) a stacked design of the time division multiplexing control board, wherein a plurality of multiplexing chips are spatially arranged in different areas, and signal lines fanned out by different multiplexing chips are distributed on different signal layers of the time division multiplexing control board on a main body;
(2.4) routing optimization design, which comprises routing avoidance cross-layer design and routing fine adjustment;
(3) the peripheral design of the time-sharing multiplexing control panel comprises: designing a main control chip, a power module and a communication module for controlling the operation of the multiplexing chip;
(4) carrying out self-checking on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel and manufacturing the panel;
(5) and the time division multiplexing control panel is connected between the ultrasonic signal generator and the medical ultrasonic transducer array to realize crosstalk inhibition.
2. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of medical ultrasonic transducer arrays according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the number of channels of the ultrasonic signal generator is determinedNArray element number of medical ultrasonic transducer arrayMAccording to the proportion, determining the type and number of the multiplexing chipsC。
3. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2.1), the time-division multiplexing control board is transversely divided into three regions, which are regions 1,2 and 3 from left to right, the main control chip is disposed in the region 1, the connector connected to the ultrasonic signal generator is transversely disposed on the upper portion of the region 2, the multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed and arranged from bottom to top, and the connector connected to the medical ultrasonic transducer array is longitudinally disposed in the region 3.
4. The time-sharing multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein in step (2.2), the line sequence topology table comprises three parts, namely an input side, a multiplexing chip number and an output side, the connection mode of the input and output signals on the time-sharing multiplexing control board is marked in the table, the input side is a channel topology connection representation of the time-sharing multiplexing control board to the connector of the ultrasonic signal generator, and the output side is a channel topology connection representation of the time-sharing multiplexing control board to the connector of the medical ultrasonic transducer array.
5. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 4, wherein in step (2.2), the relationship between the serial number of the multiplexing chip on the time-division multiplexing control board and the input/output channels satisfies:
knowing input channel numberingICorresponding multiplex chip numbering
And output channel numbering
Comprises the following steps:
known output channel numberingOCorresponding multiplex chip numbering
And inputting channel numbers
Comprises the following steps:
wherein, N is the channel number of the ultrasonic signal generator,% is the operator of remainder, and \ is the operator of integer division.
6. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2.3), the time-division multiplexing control board is designed by using six layers of printed circuit boards, which are sequentially from top to bottom: the top layer and the bottom layer are chip layers and can be used as signal layers selectively, and connectors are arranged on the top layer and/or the bottom layer.
7. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2.4), cross-layer transmission of signal lines is reduced in the process of designing the time-division multiplexing control board, if the cross-layer is necessary, the requirement that only one layer is crossed in each cross-layer design is met, and the whole process does not exceed three signal layers in total; in addition, the condition that the wiring is in a right angle or an acute angle in the transmission process of the same layer is avoided or reduced in the process of designing the time division multiplexing control panel.
8. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of a medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) comprises: confirming whether the time-sharing multiplexing control panel has a short circuit or an open circuit, confirming whether the power plane division is reasonable, confirming whether each parameter on the time-sharing multiplexing control panel meets the process requirement of a plate making factory, confirming whether the chip and the connector are packaged correctly, and delivering the chip and the connector to the plate making factory after confirming that all the conditions are met.
9. The time-sharing multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of the medical ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 1, wherein when the number of channels of the medical ultrasonic transducer array is doubled, the number of multiplexing chips is doubled, the time-sharing multiplexing control board is transversely divided into five regions in the layout, the five regions are respectively the regions 1,2,3,4 and 5 from left to right, connectors connected with an ultrasonic signal generator are transversely arranged in the regions 2 to 4, the main control chip is arranged in the region 3, half of the multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed from bottom to top in the region 2, the other half of the multiplexing chips are longitudinally distributed from bottom to top in the region 4, and connectors connected with the medical ultrasonic transducer array are respectively arranged in the regions 1 and 5; two paths of signals led out by each connector bonding pad connected with the ultrasonic signal generator are respectively connected into one multiplexing chip in the No. 2 area and one multiplexing chip in the No. 4 area.
10. The time-division multiplexing method for suppressing crosstalk of a medical ultrasound transducer array according to claim 9, wherein when the number of connectors connected to the medical ultrasound transducer array is equal toLThe number of array elements of the medical ultrasonic transducer arrayMAnd the number of multiplexed chipsCAre all provided withLAnd multiple, the relation between the serial number of the multiplexing chip on the time division multiplexing control panel and the input and output channels meets the following requirements:
knowing input channel numberingICorresponding to the firstiMultiplexing chip numbering of individual connectors
Comprises the following steps:
then
The chip corresponds toiA connector and the secondjNumber of each output channel
，
Known output channelRoad numberOCorresponding input channel number
And multiplexing chip numbering
Comprises the following steps:
wherein, N is the channel number of the ultrasonic signal generator,% is the operator of remainder, and \ is the operator of integer division.
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