CN114629006A - Lightning rod capable of attenuating lightning current amplitude and gradient by using liquid-electric effect and arc extinguishing method thereof - Google Patents
Lightning rod capable of attenuating lightning current amplitude and gradient by using liquid-electric effect and arc extinguishing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
- H01T1/08—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a lightning rod capable of attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness by virtue of liquid-electric effect and an arc extinguishing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinguishing. For low-amplitude lightning stroke, the invention mainly adopts the liquid-electric effect generated by the high-energy long electric arc to periodically interrupt the electric arc and re-ignite the electric arc to form an approximate direct-current low-current amplitude discharge process with the level of hundreds of A, so that the energy source is eliminated from the source, and the low-intensity electric arc generates the electric arc interrupting capacity through the liquid-electric effect generated by the long electric arc by oppositely blowing the liquid-electric effect structure of the long electric arc.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinction, in particular to a lightning rod capable of attenuating lightning current amplitude and gradient by using a liquid-electric effect and an arc extinction method thereof.
Background
The lightning intensity range of the nature is dozens of kA to hundreds of kA, the gradient is dozens of kA/mus to hundreds of kA/mus, and the lightning current generates huge destructive power to electrons, electric power and personnel through electromagnetic induction overvoltage, ground network counterattack overvoltage and step overvoltage, so that the electronic equipment of a mobile base station and an aviation command tower is damaged, and lightning strike tripping and personnel casualty of a transmission and distribution network are caused. When lightning strikes on a building, the steel bars of reinforced concrete can generate corona discharge to destroy the tightness of the contact surfaces of the steel bars and cement, rainwater permeates into a deep area to corrode the steel bars, and the structural strength is damaged. In order to solve the problems, comprehensive measures such as shielding, resistance reduction, voltage sharing and amplitude limiting are adopted for protection, but the effect still cannot meet the requirements. The main reasons are:
the amplitude limiting has a thermal breakdown bottleneck; 2. resistance reduction has a resistivity bottleneck; 3. the bottleneck of magnetic line leakage of a gap exists in the shielding; 4. the voltage equalizing has a bottleneck of the boundary of the voltage equalizing ground network; 5. there is a margin for protection against structural damage caused by lightning striking the building.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lightning rod capable of attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness by using a liquid-electric effect and an arc extinguishing method thereof, and solves the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a lightning rod capable of attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness by virtue of a liquid electric effect comprises one or more than one pair of arc blowing-out devices and one or more than one short arc extinguishing devices, wherein the pair of arc blowing-out devices and the short arc extinguishing devices are connected end to end, connecting electrodes are arranged between the pair of arc blowing-out devices and the short arc extinguishing devices for communication, and skirt edges are arranged on the outer sides of the pair of arc blowing-out devices and the short arc extinguishing devices.
Further, to blowing out the arc device and including upper end electrode, to blowing insulating housing, to the blowpipe and to blowing liquid medium, to blowing insulating housing inside and setting up to hollow structure, to the blowpipe setting both ends about to blowing insulating housing's inside, two set up relatively to the blowpipe, upper end electrode sets up in the one end of blowing insulating housing and deepening to the blowpipe, and connecting electrode stretches into in the blowpipe, to blowing liquid medium sets up in blowing insulating housing to soak to the blowpipe.
Further, short arc extinguishing device includes short arc insulating housing, short arc liquid medium, short arc tube and bottom electrode, and short arc tube sets up in the inside of short arc insulating housing, and short arc liquid medium sets up inside short arc insulating housing and soaks short arc tube, and the bottom electrode sets up in the bottom of short arc insulating housing and stretches into the one end of short arc tube, and connecting electrode stretches into the other end of short arc tube.
Furthermore, the short arc tube is internally provided with a hollow tube structure, a plurality of lightning electrodes arranged at intervals are arranged in the hollow tube structure, and side through holes are formed in the side edges of the short arc tube between the two lightning electrodes.
An arc extinguishing method for lightning rod with lightning current amplitude and steepness attenuated by liquid electric effect features that when the liquid medium is discharged by arc in arc extinguishing device, the Pascal effect occurs, the arc is intermittently extended and the current is decreased, and after the arc is completely broken down, the liquid is broken down.
Further, the concrete process of the pascal effect is as follows: in the length extension stage of the electric arc, liquid is squeezed to enable the liquid pressure at the end of the electric arc to be increased, the pressure is isotropically transmitted to the whole liquid range through the pressure gradient difference, the pressure of all the liquid is increased, the pressure multiplied by the inner area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell is equal to the total pressure, the total pressure is amplified through the area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell, the pressure wave reacts on the whole surface area of the electric arc, due to incompressibility of the liquid, the pressure amplified and acting on the surface of the electric arc synchronously appears along with extension of the electric arc, the pressure amplification factor is equal to the ratio of the inner area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell to the cross-sectional area of the electric arc, the whole electric arc is synchronously interrupted after the pressure acts on the surface of the electric arc, the extension of the electric arc is intermittently propelled, and therefore the speed of increasing the current is reduced.
Further, the specific process of the liquid-electric effect is as follows: space occupation extrusion and electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion on liquid can be generated after electric arc breakdown, the liquid has resistance to the space occupation extrusion and the electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion on the electric arc due to the incompressibility of the liquid, hundreds of megapascals pressure is generated on the interface of the electric arc surface and the liquid, and the space occupation and the thermal expansion occupation of the electric arc are ended after the electric arc is interrupted.
Furthermore, the liquid blowing medium and the short arc liquid medium adopt emulsified mixed liquid of oil and water or insulating oil, the oil is wrapped in the oil after being cut by the water, the outer surfaces of oil particles are connected into a whole through water to form a complete water medium discharge channel, the breakdown characteristic of a single pure water medium is kept, in the process of electric arc discharge along the water medium, arc plasma is limited by incompressibility generated by wrapping the insulating oil to generate pressure intensity and attenuation shock wave conduction pressure intensity, and because the lightning arc impact time is short, the liquid can not instantaneously deform and displace, at the moment, the mixed liquid can be regarded as shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed per se, compared with the medium which is more difficult to compress by common single liquid, the viscosity is higher, the surface tension of the mixed liquid is larger, the force of the emulsified mixed liquid maintaining the original state per se can be increased, under the pressure effect generated by electric arc breakdown of the mixed liquid, hundreds of megapascals of pressure can be synchronously generated on the contact surface of the electric arc and the emulsified mixed liquid, the hundreds of megapascals of synchronous pressure react on the electric arc and interrupt the electric arc so as to eliminate the occupation of the electric arc, ensure the incompressibility of the high-viscosity mixed liquid, and simultaneously the high-viscosity liquid can absorb more energy of conduction shock waves, attenuate the pressure intensity, reduce the impact force on a recoil arc extinguishing structure, and improve the reliability and the durability of the structure;
in the process of breaking down insulating oil by an electrohydraulic effect impact electric arc under the condition of insulating oil, the volume occupation requirement of the electric arc on the insulating oil is provided in a very short time, the viscosity of the insulating oil is high, the electric arc occupation space is given out in a very short time without reaching displacement, and the strong opposition of the electric arc occupation and the space position given out by the insulating oil without reaching displacement is formed, so that a hundred-megapascal mechanical pressure peak shock wave is generated, the shock wave is reversely acted on a power frequency electric arc body, and the factors for improving the electrohydraulic effect shock wave pressure peak value and simultaneously reducing the electrohydraulic effect pressure peak value time comprise: when dielectric strength can improve the breakdown field intensity, form the very fast electron of high field intensity and collapse the process, improve electric arc breakdown speed from this, increase the proruption of electric arc space occupation, insulating oil high viscosity slows down the space speed of stepping down, and a large amount of electric arc heats can be absorbed to high specific heat capacity, reduce the electric arc temperature.
Further, be provided with the elastic layer in the short arc tube, the elastic layer increases the lifting surface area, reduces intraductal pressure, and the elastic material of the elastic layer of setting in the insulating tube has the pit on its surface, and the lifting surface area of increase insulating tube inner wall also improves the roughness on surface simultaneously, because satisfies the relation between pressure and the area and is: after the elastic layer is added in the short arc tube, the maximum pressure in the short arc tube is lower than that before the elastic material is not added under the action of arc impact in the short arc tube, so that the condition that the short arc tube explodes due to overlarge pressure in the short arc tube is avoided;
meanwhile, the insulating tube is prevented from being directly impacted by the acting force generated by the Pascal effect, the impact wave in the tube firstly forms the impact acting force on the elastic insulating material, the reaction force acting on the inner surface of the insulating tube is reduced, and the insulating tube with lower hardness is prevented from being broken due to the direct impact of the reaction force.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
for low-amplitude lightning stroke, the invention mainly adopts the liquid-electric effect generated by high-energy long electric arc to periodically interrupt the electric arc and the electric arc to re-ignite, so as to form an approximate direct-current low-current amplitude discharge process with the level of hundreds of A, eliminate the destructive energy source from the source, generate the arc interruption capability by the liquid-electric effect structure of oppositely blowing the long electric arc through the liquid-electric effect generated by the long electric arc, mainly adopts a plurality of short electric arc structures to reduce the electric arc energy and the arc extinguishing difficulty for high-amplitude lightning stroke, the long electric arc is connected with the plurality of short electric arc extinguishing structures in series to play a complementary, cooperative and superposed arc extinguishing mechanism, and realizes the combined arc extinguishing method of wide-range lightning current amplitude by aiming at the combination of low-amplitude and high-amplitude arc extinguishing, and the current amplitudes of two arc extinguishing components are respectively weighted, but still have complementary, cooperative and superposed arc extinguishing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the lightning rod of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of a conventional quenching current according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of arc extinguishing current of the lightning rod of the invention.
In the attached figure, 1-an upper end electrode, 2-a skirt edge, 3-a convection insulating shell, 4-a convection torch, 5-a convection liquid medium, 6-a connecting electrode, 7-a short arc insulating shell, 8-a short arc liquid medium, 9-a short arc tube, 10-a lightning receiving electrode, 11-a side through hole and 12-a bottom electrode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in figure 1, the lightning rod with the lightning current amplitude and the steepness attenuated by the liquid electric effect comprises a pair of arc blowout devices and a short arc extinguishing device, wherein the pair of arc blowout devices and the short arc extinguishing device are connected end to end, a connecting electrode 6 is arranged between the pair of arc blowout devices and the short arc extinguishing device for communication, and skirt edges 2 are arranged on the outer sides of the pair of arc blowout devices and the short arc extinguishing device. Wherein also can set up a plurality ofly to blowing out arc device and a plurality of short arc extinguishing device, the quantity is not restricted, only concatenates.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the opposite blowing arc extinguishing device comprises an upper end electrode 1, an opposite blowing insulating shell 3, an opposite blowing pipe 4 and an opposite blowing liquid medium 5, wherein the inside of the opposite blowing insulating shell 3 is of a hollow structure, the opposite blowing pipe 4 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inside of the opposite blowing insulating shell 3, the two opposite blowing pipes 4 are oppositely arranged, the upper end electrode 1 is arranged at one end of the opposite blowing insulating shell 3 and extends into the opposite blowing pipe 4, a connecting electrode 6 extends into the opposite blowing pipe 4, and the opposite blowing liquid medium 5 is arranged in the opposite blowing insulating shell 3 and soaks the opposite blowing pipe 4.
In the embodiment of the invention, the short arc extinguishing device comprises a short arc insulating shell 7, a short arc liquid medium 8, a short arc tube 9 and a bottom electrode 12, wherein the short arc tube 9 is arranged inside the short arc insulating shell 7, the short arc liquid medium 8 is arranged inside the short arc insulating shell 7 and soaks the short arc tube 9, the bottom electrode 12 is arranged at the bottom end of the short arc insulating shell 7 and extends into one end of the short arc tube 9, and the connecting electrode 6 extends into the other end of the short arc tube 9. The inside hollow tube structure that sets up to of short arc tube 9 is provided with the lightning receiving electrode 10 that a plurality of intervals set up in the hollow tube structure, and side through-hole 11 has been seted up to the short arc tube 9 side between two lightning receiving electrodes 10.
The insulating housing is made of rubber materials, epoxy resin, nylon glass fibers or PC materials, so that the insulating housing has certain deformability, and the rupture condition cannot occur during the liquid-electric effect.
An arc extinguishing method for lightning rod with lightning current amplitude and steepness attenuated by liquid electric effect is characterized in that when an electric arc discharges to a liquid medium 5 in an arc extinguishing device, the Pascal effect occurs, the extension of the electric arc is intermittently propelled, the speed of current increase is slowed down, after the electric arc is completely punctured, liquid breakdown occurs, the liquid electric effect is generated for arc extinguishing, when the electric arc enters into a short electric arc extinguishing device, a plurality of lightning electrodes 10 divide the electric arc into a plurality of short electric arcs, the energy of each short electric arc is reduced due to the reduction of the length of the electric arc, meanwhile, the electric arc is influenced by the cold cathode effect, the temperature of the electric arc is reduced accordingly, the electric arc is easier to interrupt, the intensity of the electric arc is equivalently attenuated, and therefore, the arc extinguishing method is more beneficial to the interruption of strong electric arcs.
The concrete process of the Pascal effect is as follows: in the length extension stage of the electric arc, liquid is squeezed to enable the liquid pressure at the end of the electric arc to be increased, the pressure is isotropically transmitted to the whole liquid range through the pressure gradient difference, the whole liquid pressure is increased, the pressure multiplied by the inner area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell 3 is equal to the total pressure, the total pressure is amplified through the area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell 3, the pressure wave reacts on the whole surface area of the electric arc, due to incompressibility of the liquid, the pressure which is amplified and acts on the surface of the electric arc synchronously appears along with the extension of the electric arc, the pressure amplification factor is equal to the ratio of the inner area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell 3 to the cross-sectional area of the electric arc, the whole electric arc is synchronously interrupted after the pressure acts on the surface of the electric arc, the extension of the electric arc is intermittently propelled, and the speed of increasing the current is reduced.
The specific process of the liquid electric effect is as follows: space occupation extrusion and electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion on liquid can be generated after electric arc breakdown, the liquid has resistance to the space occupation extrusion and the electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion on the electric arc due to the incompressibility of the liquid, hundreds of megapascals pressure is generated on the interface of the electric arc surface and the liquid, and the space occupation and the thermal expansion occupation of the electric arc are ended after the electric arc is interrupted.
The liquid medium 5 and the short arc liquid medium 8 are emulsified mixed liquid of oil and water or insulating oil, the oil is wrapped in the oil after being cut by water, the outer surfaces of oil particles are connected into a piece through water to form a complete water medium discharge channel, the breakdown characteristic of a single pure water medium is kept, in the process of electric arc discharge along the water medium, arc plasma is limited by incompressibility caused by wrapping of the insulating oil to generate pressure intensity and attenuation shock wave conduction pressure intensity, the liquid cannot be instantaneously deformed and displaced due to short lightning arc impact time, the mixed liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which cannot be compressed, compared with a medium which is difficult to be compressed by common single liquid, the mixed liquid has higher viscosity and higher surface tension, the force of the emulsified mixed liquid for maintaining the original state of the emulsified mixed liquid can be increased, and the pressure intensity of hundreds of megapascals can be synchronously generated on the contact surface of the electric arc and the emulsified mixed liquid under the pressure generated by electric arc occupying and breaking the mixed liquid, the hundred megapascal synchronous pressure reacts on the electric arc and interrupts the electric arc, so that the occupation of the electric arc is eliminated, the incompressibility of the high-viscosity mixed liquid is ensured, meanwhile, the high-viscosity liquid can absorb more energy of the conduction shock wave, the pressure intensity is attenuated, the impact force on a recoil arc extinguishing structure is reduced, and the reliability and the durability of the structure are improved.
In the process of breaking down insulating oil by an electrohydraulic effect impact electric arc under the condition of insulating oil, the volume occupation requirement of the electric arc on the insulating oil is provided in a very short time, the viscosity of the insulating oil is high, the electric arc occupation space is given out in a very short time without reaching displacement, and the strong opposition of the electric arc occupation and the space position given out by the insulating oil without reaching displacement is formed, so that a hundred-megapascal mechanical pressure peak shock wave is generated, the shock wave is reversely acted on a power frequency electric arc body, and the factors for improving the electrohydraulic effect shock wave pressure peak value and simultaneously reducing the electrohydraulic effect pressure peak value time comprise: when dielectric strength can improve the breakdown field intensity, form the very fast electron of high field intensity and collapse the process, improve electric arc breakdown speed from this, increase the proruption of electric arc space occupation, insulating oil high viscosity slows down the space speed of stepping down, and a large amount of electric arc heats can be absorbed to high specific heat capacity, reduce the electric arc temperature.
the elastic layer also reflects the fundamental wave of the liquid electricity effect, so that the fundamental wave acts on the arc channel, the arc is extinguished more easily, the instantaneous pressure borne by the tube wall is reduced, and the explosion of the insulating tube is avoided.
Meanwhile, the insulating tube is prevented from being directly impacted by the acting force generated by the Pascal effect, the impact wave in the tube firstly forms the impact acting force on the elastic insulating material, the reaction force acting on the inner surface of the insulating tube is reduced, and the insulating tube with lower hardness is prevented from being broken due to the direct impact of the reaction force.
The electro-hydraulic effect insulating oil electro-hydraulic effect arc extinguishing process under the insulating oil condition comprises the following steps: the process of insulating oil breakdown, the process of liquid electric effect, the process of arc extinction and the process of restriking. The insulating oil has high viscosity, high specific heat capacity and high medium strength, and has influence on the pressure peak value and the peak value time of the electrohydraulic effect; the influence of the pressure peak value and the peak time on the arc extinguishing threshold value and the arc extinguishing time; the influence of the sealing structure on the pressure peak and the peak time.
1. The peak time of the pressure intensity of the liquid-electric effect is reduced, the arc extinguishing effect time is reduced, the early intervention of arc extinguishing is formed, and the rapid forced arc extinguishing situation is facilitated to be formed.
2. The arc extinguishing threshold can be improved by improving the peak value of the intensity of the hydro-electric effect pressure. An asymmetric situation that the arc extinguishing pressure is far larger than the arc breaking pressure is formed, and therefore the arc extinguishing threshold is improved.
3. Compared with water, the breakdown field intensity of the insulating oil is high, which is beneficial to improving the pressure peak value of the electrohydraulic effect and reducing the time of the pressure peak value: the insulating oil has much higher insulating strength and breakdown field strength than air and water, and both breakdown voltage and the bursting property of the breakdown process are improved at the same gap distance, so that the current appearance bursting property can be increased by improving the breakdown voltage. The steady-state value of the current after breakdown is improved along with the improvement of the breakdown voltage, so that the current change rate is increased, and the peak value of the intensity of the liquid-electric effect pressure proportional to the current change rate is improved. The increase of the current change rate correspondingly increases the climbing speed of the electro-hydraulic effect pressure, thereby reducing the peak time of the electro-hydraulic effect pressure.
4. Compared with water, the high viscosity of the insulating oil is beneficial to improving the peak value of the pressure intensity of the electrohydraulic effect and the peak time of the stamina building pressure intensity. The insulating oil is high in viscosity, the binding force between molecules is increased inevitably, the space occupation difficulty of the electric arc is increased along with the electric arc breakdown process, the pressure required by space occupation in the process of extruding the insulating oil by the electric arc is increased, the pressure applied to the insulating oil by the electric arc is increased, and the arc extinguishing pressure applied to the electric arc by the insulating oil in a reaction manner is increased. Due to the fact that the sensitivity of the insulating oil with high viscosity characteristic for resisting the occupation of the breakdown arc volume is increased, under the condition of extremely small breakdown current, in order to resist the occupation of the small arc volume, extremely high electrohydraulic effect pressure intensity can be generated, and therefore peak time of the electrohydraulic effect pressure intensity is shortened and the pressure intensity peak value is improved.
5. Insulating oil has higher stability compared to water: the insulating oil is an organic polymer material, is not easy to decompose, gasify and age, has more stable physical and chemical properties, and meets the requirements of repeated arc extinction and maintenance-free arc extinction.
6. Higher specific heat capacity of insulating oil compared to water: the insulating oil has large specific heat capacity, can absorb a large amount of arc temperature, has a cooling effect on the arc, and improves the fragility and the extinguishment of the arc;
7. insulating oil has better dielectric strength recovery than water: after the liquid-electric effect blocks the electric arc, the electric arc fracture is filled with insulating oil, and the breakdown field intensity of the insulating oil is higher than that of water, so that the anti-reignition characteristic is improved.
8. Compared with water, the electric effect arc extinguishing threshold of the insulating oil is larger: the electric effect pressure intensity of the insulating oil has the characteristic of higher sensitivity, the arc extinguishing starting time is advanced, higher expected current can be extinguished at the arc establishment starting section, and the 40kA full-scale power frequency short-circuit current arc extinguishing requirement is met.
9. Compared with water, the electric effect of the insulating oil has a high arc extinguishing speed: the electric effect of the insulating oil liquid has higher arc extinguishing sensitivity, so that the arc extinguishing time is advanced. The time for extinguishing the 40kA full-scale short-circuit current is dozens of microseconds to hundreds of microseconds, and the response time of the relay protection outlet is less than dozens of milliseconds, so that the requirement for extinguishing the 40kA full-scale power-frequency short-circuit current before the response time of the relay protection is met.
10. The application range is wide: the electrical effect of the insulating oil is from three dimensions of reducing the arc extinction shock wave pressure peak value time, improving the arc extinction shock wave pressure peak value and the medium recovery strength, improving the arc extinction threshold value, reducing the arc extinction time and providing a new method for solving the lightning strike trip. The arc extinguishing device is suitable for arc extinguishing requirements of 10kV, 35kV, 110kV, 220kV, 500kV, 800kV and 1000kV voltage levels.
11. Insulation matching of each voltage class: by controlling the length of the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing segment and the length of the air gap, the requirement of insulation matching under any voltage level can be met.
12. Compared with water and valve plates, the electric effect of the insulating oil is quicker to extinguish the arc, the 'time lag' effect of the valve plates is avoided, the long arc extinguishing time and the high-temperature reburning can be caused to generate larger heat quantity due to the fact that the pressure peak value is lower, the time lag of the pressure peak value and the low medium recovery strength are caused by low viscosity and low breakdown field strength in the process of the water medium liquid electric effect, the result that the structure is damaged due to water gasification and decomposition is caused is avoided, and the safety and the durability of the electric effect lightning protection of the insulating oil are improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a lightning current amplitude and steepness lightning rod is attenuated to liquid electric effect which characterized in that: the electric arc extinguishing device comprises one or more opposite blow-out arc devices and one or more short arc extinguishing devices, wherein the opposite blow-out arc devices and the short arc extinguishing devices are connected end to end, connecting electrodes (6) are arranged between the opposite blow-out arc devices and the short arc extinguishing devices for communication, and skirt edges (2) are arranged on the outer sides of the opposite blow-out arc devices and the short arc extinguishing devices.
2. The lightning conductor for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness according to claim 1, characterized in that: to blowing out arc device include upper end electrode (1), to blowing insulating housing (3), to blowpipe (4) and to blowing liquid medium (5), to blowing insulating housing (3) inside setting up to hollow structure, to blowpipe (4) setting both ends about to the inside of blowing insulating housing (3), two set up to blowpipe (4) relatively, upper end electrode (1) sets up in the one end of blowing insulating housing (3) and deepens in to blowpipe (4), connect electrode (6) stretch into in blowpipe (4), to blowing liquid medium (5) setting in to blowing insulating housing (3), and soak to blowpipe (4).
3. A lightning conductor for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness according to claim 1, characterised in that: short arc extinguishing device includes short arc insulating housing (7), short arc liquid medium (8), short arc tube (9) and bottom electrode (12), short arc tube (9) set up the inside at short arc insulating housing (7), short arc liquid medium (8) set up inside short arc insulating housing (7) and soak short arc tube (9), bottom electrode (12) set up the bottom at short arc insulating housing (7) and stretch into the one end of short arc tube (9), connecting electrode (6) stretch into the other end of short arc tube (9).
4. A lightning conductor for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness according to claim 3, characterised in that: the short arc tube (9) is internally provided with a hollow tube structure, a plurality of lightning electrodes (10) are arranged at intervals in the hollow tube structure, and side through holes (11) are formed in the side edge of the short arc tube (9) between the two lightning electrodes (10).
5. A method for lightning rod arc extinction with lightning current amplitude and steepness attenuated by means of hydroelectric effect according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: when electric arc discharges to blowing liquid medium (5) in the device to blowing out arc, the Pascal effect takes place, the extension of electric arc is intermittent type nature propulsion, slow down the speed that the electric current increases, after electric arc breaks down completely, produce the liquid breakdown, the liquid electricity effect appears and the arc is extinguished, when electric arc enters into short arc extinguishing device, a plurality of lightning electrode (10) cut apart into a plurality of sections short electric arc with electric arc, the energy of every section short electric arc reduces and reduces because the arc voltage drop that the reduction of electric arc length leads to, electric arc receives the influence of cold cathode effect simultaneously, the arc temperature also reduces thereupon, lead to electric arc to be easier to break, equivalent to attenuated electric arc intensity, consequently, more be favorable to the breaking of strong electric arc.
6. The method for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness of lightning rod arc extinguishing by using the hydroelectric effect according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concrete process of the Pascal effect is as follows: in the length extension stage of the electric arc, liquid is squeezed to enable the liquid pressure at the end of the electric arc to be increased, the pressure is isotropically transmitted to the whole liquid range through the pressure gradient difference to enable the whole liquid pressure to be increased, the pressure multiplied by the inner area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell (3) is equal to the total pressure, the total pressure is amplified through the area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell (3), the pressure wave reacts on the whole surface area of the electric arc, due to incompressibility of the liquid, the amplified pressure acting on the surface of the electric arc synchronously appears along with extension of the electric arc, the pressure amplification factor is equal to the ratio of the inner area of the opposite-blowing insulating shell (3) of the electric arc to the cross-sectional area of the electric arc, the whole electric arc is synchronously interrupted after the pressure acts on the surface of the electric arc, the extension of the electric arc is intermittently propelled, and therefore the speed of current increase is slowed down.
7. The method for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness of lightning rod arc extinguishing by using the hydroelectric effect according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the liquid electric effect is as follows: space occupation extrusion and electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion on liquid can be generated after electric arc breakdown, the liquid has resistance to the space occupation extrusion and the electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion on the electric arc due to the incompressibility of the liquid, hundreds of megapascals pressure is generated on the interface of the electric arc surface and the liquid, and the space occupation and the thermal expansion occupation of the electric arc are ended after the electric arc is interrupted.
8. The method for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness of lightning rod arc extinguishing by using the hydroelectric effect according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the liquid blowing medium (5) and the short arc liquid medium (8) adopt emulsified mixed liquid of oil and water or insulating oil, the oil is wrapped in the oil after being cut by water, the outer surfaces of oil particles are connected into a whole through water to form a complete water medium discharge channel, the breakdown characteristic of a single pure water medium is kept, in the process of electric arc discharge along the water medium, arc plasma is limited by incompressibility generated by wrapping the insulating oil to generate pressure intensity and attenuation shock wave conduction pressure intensity, the liquid cannot instantaneously deform and displace due to short lightning arc impact time, the mixed liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which cannot be compressed by the mixed liquid at the moment, compared with a medium which is more difficult to compress by common single liquid, the mixed liquid has higher viscosity and larger surface tension, the force of the emulsified mixed liquid maintaining the original state of the emulsified mixed liquid can be increased, and under the pressure generated by electric arc breakdown mixed liquid, hundreds of megapascals of pressure intensity can be generated synchronously on the contact surface of the electric arc and the emulsified mixed liquid, the hundreds of megapascals of synchronous pressure intensity react on the electric arc and interrupt the electric arc so as to eliminate the occupation of the electric arc, ensure the incompressibility of the high-viscosity mixed liquid, simultaneously the high-viscosity liquid can absorb more energy of conduction shock waves, attenuate the pressure intensity, reduce the impact force on a recoil arc-extinguishing structure and improve the reliability and the durability of the structure;
in the process of breaking down insulating oil by an electrohydraulic effect impact electric arc under the condition of insulating oil, the volume occupation requirement of the electric arc on the insulating oil is provided in a very short time, the viscosity of the insulating oil is high, the electric arc occupation space is given out in a very short time without reaching displacement, and the strong opposition of the electric arc occupation and the space position given out by the insulating oil without reaching displacement is formed, so that a hundred-megapascal mechanical pressure peak shock wave is generated, the shock wave is reversely acted on a power frequency electric arc body, and the factors for improving the electrohydraulic effect shock wave pressure peak value and simultaneously reducing the electrohydraulic effect pressure peak value time comprise: when dielectric strength can improve the breakdown field intensity, form the very fast electron of high field intensity and collapse the process, improve electric arc breakdown speed from this, increase the proruption of electric arc space occupation, insulating oil high viscosity slows down the space speed of stepping down, and a large amount of electric arc heats can be absorbed to high specific heat capacity, reduce the electric arc temperature.
9. The method for attenuating lightning current amplitude and steepness of lightning rod arc extinguishing by using the hydroelectric effect according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: be provided with the elastic layer in short electric arc tube (9), elastic layer increase lifting surface area reduces intraductal pressure, and the elastic material of the elastic layer of setting in the insulating tube has little pit on its surface, and the lifting surface area of increase insulating tube inner wall also improves the roughness on surface simultaneously, because satisfy the relation between pressure and the area and be: p is F/S, namely the stress area is in inverse proportion to the pressure, after the elastic layer is added in the short arc tube (9), the maximum pressure in the short arc tube (9) is lower than that before the elastic material is not added under the action of electric arc impact, so that the condition that the short arc tube (9) explodes due to overlarge pressure in the tube is avoided;
the elastic layer also reflects the fundamental wave of the liquid electricity effect, so that the fundamental wave acts on the arc channel, the arc is more easily extinguished, the instantaneous pressure borne by the tube wall is reduced, and the insulating tube is prevented from being cracked;
meanwhile, the insulating tube is prevented from being directly impacted by the acting force generated by the Pascal effect, the impact wave in the tube firstly forms the impact acting force on the elastic insulating material, the reaction force acting on the inner surface of the insulating tube is reduced, and the insulating tube with lower hardness is prevented from being broken due to the direct impact of the reaction force.
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| CN202110443307.9A CN113328340A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Liquid recoil arc extinguishing lightning protection method |
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| CN202210418408.5A Active CN114665384B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Multi-section liquid state arc extinguishing device and method |
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| CN202210418410.2A Active CN114629007B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Lightning intensity attenuation device and method for protecting fan blade |
| CN202210417679.9A Active CN115548882B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Combined hydro-electric effect arc extinguishing method and device |
| CN202210418406.6A Active CN114629005B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Enhanced lightning protection insulator and arc extinguishing method |
| CN202210416294.0A Active CN115621845B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Liquid supplementing and strong sealing type liquid-electricity effect arc extinguishing device and arc extinguishing method thereof |
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| CN202210402700.8A Active CN114640026B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Three-state combined arc extinguishing device and arc extinguishing method |
| CN202210418333.0A Active CN114629003B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Combined arc extinguishing device and method for fully-closed liquid-electricity chamber and open liquid-electricity chamber |
| CN202210418032.8A Active CN114628999B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Attenuation lightning rod based on hydro-electric effect and arc extinguishing method thereof |
| CN202210417656.8A Active CN114628995B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Multi-gap liquid-electricity effect arc extinguishing device and arc extinguishing method |
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| CN202210417886.4A Active CN114628997B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Dynamic arc extinguishing system and method for eliminating power frequency insulation strength loss |
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| CN202210417679.9A Active CN115548882B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Combined hydro-electric effect arc extinguishing method and device |
| CN202210418406.6A Active CN114629005B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Enhanced lightning protection insulator and arc extinguishing method |
| CN202210416294.0A Active CN115621845B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Liquid supplementing and strong sealing type liquid-electricity effect arc extinguishing device and arc extinguishing method thereof |
| CN202210418335.XA Withdrawn CN114665383A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Multi-liquid-medium variable-pitch self-adaptive arc-building suppression device and method |
| CN202210402700.8A Active CN114640026B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Three-state combined arc extinguishing device and arc extinguishing method |
| CN202210418333.0A Active CN114629003B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Combined arc extinguishing device and method for fully-closed liquid-electricity chamber and open liquid-electricity chamber |
| CN202210418032.8A Active CN114628999B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Attenuation lightning rod based on hydro-electric effect and arc extinguishing method thereof |
| CN202210417656.8A Active CN114628995B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Multi-gap liquid-electricity effect arc extinguishing device and arc extinguishing method |
| CN202210417907.2A Withdrawn CN114628998A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Liquid valve plate, valve plate device, arc extinguishing method and application |
| CN202210416259.9A Active CN115548881B (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Sealing device for high-strength arc extinction and arc extinction method |
| CN202210402699.9A Withdrawn CN114640025A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Multi-medium variable-pitch electrohydraulic effect arc extinguishing device and method |
| CN202210418332.6A Pending CN114629002A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Method and device for strengthening electro-hydraulic effect arc extinction |
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| CN202210418057.8A Withdrawn CN114629000A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-20 | Arc extinguishing lightning arrester with liquid electric effect and arc extinguishing method |
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2021
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2022
- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210417818.8A patent/CN114628996A/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210418331.1A patent/CN114629001A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210419441.XA patent/CN114629008B/en active Active
- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210418057.8A patent/CN114629000A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114629008A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114629001A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114629000A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN115621845B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
| CN114629003A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114665383A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| CN115548882B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
| CN114665384B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
| CN114629003B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
| CN115548881A (en) | 2022-12-30 |
| CN114629008B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
| CN114628996A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN113328340A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
| CN114629007A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114628999A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114628997A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114629004A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN115548881B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
| CN114629005A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114640026B (en) | 2023-12-29 |
| CN114628995A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114628998A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114628999B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
| CN115548882A (en) | 2022-12-30 |
| CN114640025A (en) | 2022-06-17 |
| CN114628995B (en) | 2023-12-29 |
| CN114629007B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
| CN114628997B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
| CN114640026A (en) | 2022-06-17 |
| CN115621845A (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| CN114629002A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114665384A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| CN114629005B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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Application publication date: 20220614 |