CN219086449U - Hydro-electric effect recoil compression combined arc extinguishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydro-electric effect recoil compression combined arc-extinguishing device, which belongs to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinguishing and comprises a recoil pipe, a connecting electrode, a skirt edge, a compression pipe, a guide arc line, a liquid medium, an outer protective shell, a hollow layer, a guide arc ball and an inner insulator, wherein the recoil pipe is arranged at two ends of the outer protective shell. The utility model has the advantages of early arc extinction time and asymmetric arc extinction; the arc extinction threshold is high, and full strength and full-scale arc extinction capability are formed; the arc extinguishing speed is high, the arc extinguishing time is tens of microseconds, and the occurrence of lightning trip is avoided. The industrial frequency arc voltage drop forms residual voltage and has extremely low numerical value, thereby meeting the overvoltage suppression requirement.

Description

Hydro-electric effect recoil compression combined arc extinguishing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinction, in particular to a combined arc extinction device adopting hydro-electric effect recoil compression.

Background

Thunder and lightning is one of the most common geophysical phenomena in nature, has the characteristics of wide space-time distribution range, strong randomness and the like, and has complex mechanism of discharge physics process and great research difficulty. In recent years, with rapid development of a power grid and increase of strong convection weather, lightning damage faults frequently occur, and at present, the lightning damage risk of the power grid is mainly concentrated on a power transmission line. Lightning is extremely harmful to safe operation of the transmission line, and impact flashover caused when the transmission line is struck by lightning causes flashover of the line insulator, so that very large power frequency freewheel is generated, the insulator string and the hardware fittings are damaged, and the insulator string is burnt out and overhead conductor breakage accidents can be caused when the lightning is serious.

The traditional compression recoil tube is used for carrying out arc extinction through air, but the pressure caused by the air is not large enough, so that the arc extinction effect of the transmission line with ultra-high voltage is not very good, and an arc extinction device with better arc extinction effect needs to be designed for better arc extinction.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a hydro-electric effect recoil compression combined arc-extinguishing device, which solves the technical problem that the arc-extinguishing effect of the conventional compression recoil arc-extinguishing device is not good enough.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

the utility model provides a hydraulic effect recoil compression combination arc extinguishing device, including the recoil pipe, connecting electrode, the shirt rim, the compression pipe, lead the pitch arc, liquid medium, outer protective housing, the hollow layer, lead arc ball and inner insulator, the recoil pipe sets up the both ends at outer protective housing, connecting electrode sets up the bottom at the recoil pipe, outer protective housing sets up the outside at inner insulator, be provided with the hollow layer between the side of inner insulator and the outer protective housing, a plurality of compression pipes set up the inside at inner insulator, compression pipe one end or both ends and hollow layer intercommunication, be provided with the arc ball in the compression pipe, compression pipe is connected through leading the pitch arc with the tip of compression pipe, liquid medium is full of the inside at hollow layer and compression pipe, the compression pipe at both ends passes through the pitch arc and is connected with connecting electrode, the shirt rim sets up the outside at outer protective housing.

Further, a liquid medium is arranged in the backflushing pipe, a backflushing electrode is arranged at the top of the backflushing pipe, and the backflushing electrode is arranged to be in sealing connection with the backflushing pipe through threads in a sealing cover structure.

Further, the connection electrode includes an upper connection electrode and a lower connection electrode, both of which are embedded in the end portions of the inner insulator.

Further, the compression pipes are not arranged in parallel, one ends of two adjacent compression pipes are combined to form a collecting port, the collecting port is communicated with the hollow layer, and the guide arc line is arranged at the collecting port.

Further, the hollow layer is sealed to be set up, is provided with the filling opening on the outer protective housing, and the both ends of inner insulator are connected with the intercommunication of outer protective housing.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the utility model has the advantages of early arc extinction time and asymmetric arc extinction; the arc extinction threshold is high, and full strength and full-scale arc extinction capability are formed; the arc extinguishing speed is high, the arc extinguishing time is tens of microseconds, and the occurrence of lightning trip is avoided. The industrial frequency arc voltage drop forms residual voltage and has extremely low value, the requirement of overvoltage suppression is met, the valve plate is a uniform electric field, the voltage seconds are extremely smooth, the requirement of matching with the breakdown characteristic of large-scale power equipment is met, the arc extinction safety is high, the risk of thermal breakdown hard short circuit of the solid valve plate is completely eliminated due to the restorable characteristic of the strength of a liquid medium, the cost performance is excellent, the technical route that lightning flashover is allowed and arc establishment is not allowed is allowed, the technical investment point for preventing the lightning flashover can be omitted, for example, the resistance reduction investment of the ground network resistance is omitted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a graph of the resistance of an arc at the breakdown stage of the present utility model.

In the drawing, a 1-recoil tube, a 2-recoil electrode, a 3-upper end connecting electrode, a 4-skirt, a 5-compression tube, a 6-arc guide line, a 7-liquid medium, an 8-outer protective shell, a 9-hollow layer, a 10-arc guide ball, a 11-lower end connecting electrode and a 12-inner insulator.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the present utility model will be further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and by illustrating preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that many of the details set forth in the description are merely provided to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the utility model, and that these aspects of the utility model may be practiced without these specific details.

As shown in fig. 1, the hydro-electric effect recoil compression combined arc extinguishing device comprises a recoil tube 1, a connecting electrode, a skirt 4, a compression tube 5, a guide arc line 6, a liquid medium 7, an outer protective shell 8, a hollow layer 9, a guide arc ball 10 and an inner insulator 12, wherein the recoil tube 1 is arranged at two ends of the outer protective shell 8, the connecting electrode is arranged at the bottom of the recoil tube 1, the outer protective shell 8 is arranged at the outer side of the inner insulator 12, the hollow layer 9 is arranged between the side edge of the inner insulator 12 and the outer protective shell 8, a plurality of compression tubes 5 are arranged in the inner insulator 12, one end or two ends of each compression tube 5 are communicated with the hollow layer 9, a guide arc ball 10 is arranged in each compression tube 5, the compression tube 5 is connected with the end of each compression tube 5 through the guide arc line 6, the liquid medium 7 is filled in the hollow layer 9 and the compression tube 5, the compression tubes 5 at two ends are connected with the connecting electrode through the guide arc line 6, and the skirt 4 is arranged at the outer side of the outer protective shell 8.

The recoil tube 1 is an insulating shell and is made of elastic materials such as rubber materials, epoxy resin, nylon glass fibers or PC materials, so that the recoil tube 1 has certain deformability and cannot crack when the hydro-electric effect occurs.

The air recoil compression arc-extinguishing method for generating arc-extinguishing gas by coupling the arc and the air is upgraded to the liquid-electric effect arc-extinguishing gas method for generating arc-extinguishing gas by coupling the arc and the liquid, the pressure peak value of the arc-extinguishing gas is improved from megapascal level of the original air medium to hundred megapascal level of the liquid medium of the liquid-electric effect arc-extinguishing gas, and the arc-extinguishing capability is improved. The pressure peak occurs in the pre-breakdown stage of the lightning arc and acts on the power frequency arc at the starting moment of arc establishment, and the weak power frequency arc is extinguished by utilizing the extinguishing gas generated by the impact arc.

The recoil structure in fig. 1 is a necessary condition for forming a liquid-electric effect by pouring a rain liquid medium into the recoil tube, and the compression arc extinguishing unit is immersed in a liquid medium cabinet sealed by the liquid medium and has all-weather liquid-voltage compression arc extinguishing capability. The recoil structure in fig. 2 is filled with liquid and sealed in advance, and has all-weather hydro-electric effect recoil arc extinguishing capability; the compression arc extinguishing unit is immersed in a liquid medium cabinet sealed by a liquid medium and has all-weather liquid-voltage compression arc extinguishing capability.

The pascal effect and the electrohydraulic effect of high-energy long arcs can be generated in the recoil structure: the length of the recoil tube is several centimeters, which determines that the length of the electric arc generated by the hydro-electric effect is also equal, and the resistance of the electric arc in the breakdown stage is shown in fig. 2. The mechanism is as follows: the electric arc is in the length extension stage, the liquid is extruded to enable the liquid pressure at the end of the electric arc to rise, the pressure is isotropically transmitted to the whole liquid range through the pressure gradient difference, all the liquid pressure is raised, the pressure multiplied by the area of the liquid medium cabinet is equal to the total pressure and can be amplified through the area of the liquid medium cabinet, the pressure wave has the effect of reacting to the whole surface area of the electric arc, the pressure after amplification and acting on the surface of the electric arc synchronously appears along with the extension of the electric arc due to the incompressibility of the liquid, the pressure amplification factor is equal to the ratio of the area of the liquid medium cabinet of the electric arc to the sectional area of the electric arc, and the value is hundreds of times or more, and the huge pressure acts on the surface of the electric arc to synchronously interrupt the whole electric arc. Because of the large lightning strike voltage, the arc is intermittently propelled, thereby slowing the rate of current increase. When the electric arc breaks down completely, liquid breakdown occurs, and the liquid-electricity effect occurs, and the mechanism is as follows: after the electric arc breaks down, space occupation extrusion of liquid and electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion of liquid can occur, and because of incompressibility of the liquid, the liquid has resistance to the space occupation extrusion of the electric arc and the electric arc high-temperature expansion extrusion, pressure of hundred megapascals is generated at the joint surface of the electric arc surface and the liquid, and the liquid generates huge space occupation pressure resistance to act on the electric arc body, so that the electric arc is rapidly interrupted to end the space occupation and the thermal expansion occupation of the electric arc. The basic principle of the liquid-electric effect arc extinction is to utilize the incompressibility characteristic of a liquid medium to conflict with the incompressibility of the electric arc against the liquid in the space occupied by the liquid discharge, and the conflict can be solved only by ending the electric arc discharge. The quenching capability of the hydro-electric effect is the property of liquid incompressibility.

In the embodiment of the utility model, a liquid medium 7 is arranged in the backflushing pipe 1, a backflushing electrode 2 is arranged at the top of the backflushing pipe 1, and the backflushing electrode 2 is arranged as a sealing cover structure and is in threaded sealing connection with the backflushing pipe 1. When the liquid medium is contained in the backwash tube 1, the liquid-electric effect arc extinction is performed in the backwash tube 1. The recoil tube 1 is in an empty structure, so that the original recoil arc extinction is completed.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the connecting electrode comprises an upper connecting electrode 3 and a lower connecting electrode 11, and the upper connecting electrode 3 and the lower connecting electrode 11 are embedded into the end parts of the inner insulator 12. The lower connecting electrode 11 is mainly grounded.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the compression pipes 5 and the compression pipes 5 are not arranged in parallel, one ends of two adjacent compression pipes 5 are converged to form a gathering port, the gathering port is communicated with the hollow layer 9, and the guide line 6 is arranged at the gathering port. The compression pipe 5 and the compression pipe 5 form a V-shaped structure.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the hollow layer 9 is arranged in a sealing way, the outer protective shell 8 is provided with a liquid filling opening, and two ends of the inner insulator 12 are connected with the outer protective shell 8 in a communicating way.

When the device is used in the aspect of gap arc extinction, the liquid medium can be in a weak conductive state, and if the device is used in the aspect of a lightning arrester or a lightning rod, the liquid medium is in a state of near insulation, and the resistance must reach tens of megaohms. Among them, insulating oil is most preferable. Such as transformer oil, breaker oil, capacitor oil, cable oil, etc.

When a lightning stroke occurs, a lightning arc firstly enters the recoil tube 1 at one end and then enters the compression tubes 5 through the guide arc line 6, when the arc is not completely broken down, the pascal effect can occur in each compression tube 5, the whole arc is synchronously interrupted after the pressure is generated to the surface of the arc, the lightning stroke voltage is large, the arc is intermittently propelled, when the arc is completely broken down, the liquid electric effect is generated in each compression tube 5, a shock wave is formed, the shock wave acts on a discharge channel in a impulse or impact pressure mode, the arc is cut off into a plurality of arcs to be extinguished, and the whole arc extinction is realized.

The specific process of the pascal effect is as follows: the electric arc is in the length extension stage, the liquid is extruded to enable the pressure of the liquid at the end of the electric arc to rise, the pressure is isotropically transmitted to the whole liquid range through the pressure gradient difference, the pressure is increased, the pressure multiplied by the area of the liquid medium is equal to the total pressure, the area inside the outer protective shell 8 is amplified, the pressure wave counteracts the whole surface area of the electric arc, the pressure after amplification and acting on the surface of the electric arc synchronously appears along with the extension of the electric arc due to incompressibility of the liquid, the pressure amplification factor is equal to the ratio of the area inside the outer protective shell 8 of the electric arc to the sectional area of the electric arc, the whole electric arc is synchronously interrupted after the pressure acts on the surface of the electric arc, and the electric arc is intermittently propelled due to the large lightning strike voltage, so that the speed of current increase is slowed down.

The specific process of the liquid-electricity effect is that the electric arc discharges in the compression pipe 5, space occupation extrusion of the liquid medium 7 and high-temperature expansion extrusion liquid of the electric arc occur after the electric arc breaks down, incompressibility of the liquid medium 7 enables the liquid medium 7 to have resistance to the space occupation extrusion of the electric arc and the high-temperature expansion extrusion of the electric arc, hundred megapascal pressure is generated on the joint surface of the electric arc surface and the liquid medium 7, the liquid generates space occupation pressure resistance to act on the electric arc body, the electric arc is rapidly interrupted, and space occupation and thermal expansion occupation of the electric arc are ended, so that arc extinction is realized.

In the process of electric arc extension in the compression tube 5, the piston pushes the extrusion action on the liquid, the amplification of the electric arc pressure by the intensified liquid and the compact pressure wave process in the compression tube 5 are generated through the Pascal effect, the damping action is generated on the development of the electric arc, the extension speed of the electric arc is delayed, the electric arc development speed and the electric arc current amplitude are reduced, the electric arc current development is restrained in advance, the physical volume of the electric arc body generates the occupied extrusion on the liquid medium in the stage that the electric arc penetrates through the liquid in the compression tube 5, the liquid medium does not displace to make the electric arc occupy space due to the fact that the breakdown process is completed in nanosecond level, the electric arc is instantaneously crushed by the reaction force generated by the liquid medium on the electric arc, and the aim of synchronously extinguishing the power frequency electric arc is achieved through the liquid electric effect.

The elastic layer reflects fundamental waves of the hydro-electric effect, so that the fundamental waves act on the electric arc channel, the electric arc is more easy to extinguish, the instant pressure born by the pipe wall is reduced, and the explosion of the insulating pipe is avoided.

The compression pipe 5 and the compression pipe 5 form a series connection relation, a multi-outage arc extinguishing mechanism is formed for the electric arc, the number of arc breaks formed synchronously is large, the total port size is large, the electric arc is not re-burnt, meanwhile, the electric arc forms recoil arc extinguishing at the front end of the compression pipe 5, compression arc extinguishing is formed at the rear end of the compression pipe, the recoil of the compression pipe 5 and the compression channel form a straight-through strong dielectric channel through a liquid medium to be the same as the ground, and the induction of opposite charges and the generation of an uplink flow injection process and a coulomb force attraction mechanism are generated before the electric arc approaches to an arc extinguishing device through non-contact induction, so that the impact electric arc is controlled in the arc extinguishing channel, and the insulation fit success rate is further improved.

The impedance characteristics of the arc can be determined from the arc and the voltage measurement waveform of the discharge in the liquid medium at the pre-breakdown stage. The arc impedance is kept at a constant value during the whole pre-breakdown stage, the volt-ampere characteristic is linear, and the pre-breakdown arc has high potential energy, so that a high peak pressure energy basis is formed during the pre-breakdown stage. In the self-sustaining arc discharge stage after the pre-breakdown stage, the arc impedance is reduced to be close to 0 value at about 1 mu s, and the negative resistance characteristic is presented, and the arc energy of the stage is far smaller than that of the pre-breakdown stage due to the very low arc pressure drop. The characteristic that the pressure peak appears in the pre-breakdown stage is in great contrast with the arc-establishing current shape which is weak at the same time, and the pressure peak provides a very favorable condition for effective and reliable arc extinction.

Multistage liquid electric effect has increased the arc extinction ability in the compression structure: after the gas is replaced by the liquid, the pressure of the arc extinguishing gas is enhanced by the liquid electric effect, the arc temperature is extremely low in consideration of the influence of the cold cathode effect on the short arc of the compression channel, the ionization degree of the arc is extremely low, the vulnerability of the arc is extremely high, the initial current value of the arc establishment is extremely weak, the cooling effect of the liquid medium on the arc temperature is superposed, the vulnerability and the breaking resistance of the arc become weaker, and the huge contrast refracts to the arc extinguishing process, so that the rapid extinction of the arc is more facilitated.

The hydro-electric effect superposition under the combination of recoil and compression strengthens the comprehensive arc extinguishing capability: the spatial relationship between recoil and compression liquid electric effect arc extinction is that the arc is serially connected with multi-point arc extinction, namely, different parts of the arc are synchronously extinguished at multiple points, the formed arc fracture is large in size, and the arc re-ignition probability is reduced to zero under the action of huge arc extinction gas pressure.

The liquid medium is more beneficial to controlling the impact flashover path in the arc extinguishing channel: the liquid medium is a strong polar medium, the node coefficient is 81, huge induced charges can be generated in the pre-breakdown process, the upstream streamer is tested, the impact breakdown distance is shortened through coulomb force between opposite charges and the upstream streamer, the probability of discharging an impact arc in an arc extinguishing channel can be improved, the three elements of insulation fit reduction breakdown voltage, coulomb force attraction and upstream streamer impact flashover shortening distance are improved, and the capability of controlling an impact flashover path is improved. Under the condition of air medium, because the air medium is arranged between the electrodes of the compression channel, and the compression channel is a zigzag bending channel, the capacity of generating induced charges and uplink streamers is not generated, and the impact flashover path control can be completed only through insulation fit. Therefore, under the hydro-electric effect, the insulation mixing ratio can be further improved, which is beneficial to reducing the influence on the power frequency insulation strength.

The fully sealed structure can prevent the arc from overflowing: the arc is directly and thoroughly interrupted in the arc extinguishing structure by the existence of the external discharge outlet and the absence of the external discharge outlet, so that the discharge arc is more suitable for flammable and explosive environments.

The liquid medium adopts emulsified mixed liquid of oil and water or insulating oil, the oil is wrapped after being separated by water, the outer surfaces of oil particles are connected into a piece through water to form a complete aqueous medium discharge channel, the breakdown characteristic of single pure water medium is reserved, in the process of discharging an electric arc along the aqueous medium, electric arc plasma is subjected to incompressibility restriction generated by wrapping of the insulating oil, pressure intensity and damping shock wave conduction pressure intensity are generated, the liquid cannot be deformed and displaced instantaneously due to short lightning arc impact time, at the moment, the mixed liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which cannot be compressed by itself, and the mixed liquid is harder to compress than a medium which is common single liquid, the mixed liquid is higher in viscosity and higher in surface tension, so that the force of the emulsified mixed liquid can be increased under the pressure effect generated by the electric arc space occupation breakdown mixed liquid, the contact surface of the electric arc and the emulsified mixed liquid can synchronously generate pressure intensity of hundreds of megapascals, the pressure intensity of synchronous reaction of the hundreds of megapascals can be eliminated, the high-viscosity liquid can absorb more shock wave transmission medium at the same time, the damping shock wave can be absorbed by the high-viscosity liquid, and the reliability of the damping shock wave structure can be improved.

In the process of dielectric oil breakdown by the hydraulic electric effect impact arc under the condition of dielectric oil, the volume occupation requirement is set for the dielectric oil in a very short time, because the viscosity of the dielectric oil is high, the displacement is not enough to yield the space occupied by the arc in a very short time, the strong countermeasure of the space position is formed between the occupation of the arc and the displacement of the dielectric oil, thereby the mechanical pressure peak shock wave of hundred megapascals is generated, the shock wave is reacted to the power frequency arc body, and the factors for improving the pressure peak value of the hydraulic electric effect shock wave and reducing the time of the pressure peak value of the hydraulic electric effect comprise: the insulation strength can improve the breakdown field strength, and meanwhile, a high field strength extremely fast electron collapse process is formed, so that the arc breakdown speed is improved, the sudden performance of the space occupation of an arc is increased, the space abdication speed is reduced due to the high viscosity of the insulating oil, a large amount of arc heat can be absorbed by the high specific heat capacity, and the arc temperature is reduced.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic effect recoil compression combination arc extinguishing device which characterized in that: including recoil tube (1), connecting electrode, shirt rim (4), compression tube (5), lead arc line (6), liquid medium (7), outer protective housing (8), hollow layer (9), lead arc ball (10) and interior insulator (12), recoil tube (1) set up the both ends at outer protective housing (8), connecting electrode sets up the bottom at recoil tube (1), outer protective housing (8) set up the outside at inner insulator (12), be provided with hollow layer (9) between the side of inner insulator (12) and outer protective housing (8), the inside at inner insulator (12) is set up to a plurality of compression tube (5), compression tube (5) one end or both ends and hollow layer (9) intercommunication, be provided with in compression tube (5) and lead arc ball (10), compression tube (5) are connected through lead arc line (6) with the tip of compression tube (5), liquid medium (7) are full of the inside at hollow layer (9) and compression tube (5), compression tube (5) are connected through lead arc line (6) and connecting electrode between the side of inner insulator (12), the outside at outer side (8) of protective housing (4).

2. The combined arc extinguishing device of hydro-electric effect recoil compression according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the backflushing pipe (1) is provided with a liquid medium (7), the top of the backflushing pipe (1) is provided with a backflushing electrode (2), and the backflushing electrode (2) is arranged to be in threaded sealing connection with the backflushing pipe (1) in a sealing cover structure.

3. The combined arc extinguishing device of hydro-electric effect recoil compression according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting electrode comprises an upper connecting electrode (3) and a lower connecting electrode (11), and the upper connecting electrode (3) and the lower connecting electrode (11) are embedded into the end parts of the inner insulator (12).

4. The combined arc extinguishing device of hydro-electric effect recoil compression according to claim 1, wherein: the compression pipes (5) are not arranged in parallel with the compression pipes (5), one ends of two adjacent compression pipes (5) are combined into a collecting opening, the collecting opening is communicated with the hollow layer (9), and the guide line (6) is arranged at the collecting opening.

5. The combined arc extinguishing device of hydro-electric effect recoil compression according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow layer (9) is sealed to be set up, is provided with the filling opening on outer protective housing (8), and the both ends of inner insulator (12) are connected with the intercommunication of outer protective housing (8).

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