CN215452052U - Totally enclosed type liquid arrester - Google Patents
Totally enclosed type liquid arrester Download PDFInfo
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- CN215452052U CN215452052U CN202121851618.0U CN202121851618U CN215452052U CN 215452052 U CN215452052 U CN 215452052U CN 202121851618 U CN202121851618 U CN 202121851618U CN 215452052 U CN215452052 U CN 215452052U
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- arrester
- liquid
- insulating
- insulating tube
- electric arc
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fully-sealed liquid arrester, which belongs to the technical field of lightning protection and arc extinction. The utility model can cut off the electric arc quickly, the electric arc discharges in the liquid to generate the liquid-electric effect, the impact pressure wave is formed quickly, the impact electric arc is cut off immediately when being formed, the reignition of the impact electric arc is delayed, and the high voltage in the ceramic tube destroys the continuous discharge condition and the reignition condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field, in particular to a fully-sealed liquid arrester.
Background
The zinc oxide lightning arrester and the line insulator (series) are installed in parallel for use, so that the lightning flashover trip accident rate can be effectively reduced, and the lightning resistance level of the alternating current overhead transmission line is improved. However, the existing zinc oxide lightning arrester has the following problems:
1. the zinc oxide arrester is subjected to the action of impulse voltage, and the valve plate can also age under the action of impulse voltage energy.
2. Because the zinc oxide arrester cancels a series gap, under the action of the running voltage of a power grid, the body of the zinc oxide arrester needs to flow current, the zinc oxide valve plate is heated by active components in the current, and then the change of volt-ampere characteristics is caused, and the zinc oxide valve plate is aged or even subjected to thermal breakdown as a result of a positive feedback process and long-term action.
3. The zinc oxide arrester is internally affected with damp or the insulating property of the insulating support is poor, so that the power frequency current is increased, the power consumption is aggravated, and internal discharge can be caused in severe cases.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a fully-sealed liquid arrester, which solves the technical problems in the background technology. The liquid medium replaces a zinc oxide valve plate, so that the valve plate is prevented from being aged under the action of impulse voltage to cause thermal breakdown. The liquid medium enhances the pressure intensity of the lightning arrester in the arc extinguishing process, can cut off the electric arc rapidly, and avoids damage to the power transmission line caused by overlarge instantaneous lightning current amplitude.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the utility model provides a totally enclosed type liquid arrester, the arrester sets up to a sealed insulating tube, sets up to hollow structure in the insulating tube, is full of insulating liquid in the hollow structure, and the both ends of insulating tube are provided with the electrode, and the electrode stretches into in the hollow structure to set up with insulating liquid contact.
Further, the insulating tube includes insulating tube and protective case, and the protective case sets up the outside at the insulating tube, and the inboard of insulating tube sets up to hollow structure.
Further, the outside of protective case is provided with the shirt rim, and the shirt rim sets up with protective case is integrative.
Furthermore, fixing seats are arranged at two ends of the insulating tube and are arranged in a sealing mode, and the electrodes penetrate through the fixing seats and are arranged in a sealing mode.
Furthermore, the fixing seat is provided with a wiring terminal, the wiring terminal is electrically connected with the electrode, the wiring terminal at one end is grounded, and the wiring terminal at the other end is connected with a lightning strike line.
Furthermore, the electrodes comprise an upper layer graphite electrode, a middle metal electrode and a lower layer graphite electrode, the middle metal electrode is fixed on the fixing seat, the upper layer graphite electrode is arranged on the upper layer of the middle metal electrode, and the lower layer graphite electrode is arranged at the bottom of the middle metal electrode and is arranged in the insulating tube.
Furthermore, the specific working process of the lightning arrester is,
step 1: before lightning is formed, a large lightning field is formed between thundercloud and the ground, induced charges generate coulomb force in the sealed insulating tube, and induced charges are generated on a lightning rod of the lightning rod;
step 2: when lightning strikes on the lightning guide needle and arc discharge is caused in the insulating tube filled with insulating liquid, the liquid-electricity effect generates shock waves towards the side edges;
and step 3: the Pascal effect enhances the liquid electric effect, when electric arcs act on the insulating liquid, when a certain part of the static insulating liquid generates pressure intensity change, the electric arcs constantly transmit the pressure intensity to all directions of the inner side of the insulating liquid;
and 4, step 4: and the shock waves of the liquid-electricity effect and the Pascal effect impact to the side edge and then return to impact, so that the arc channel is intensively subjected to impact arc extinction.
Further, the specific process of step 1 is that charges with polarity opposite to that of thundercloud are induced in the insulating tube due to electrostatic induction and accumulated in the sealed insulating tube, the charges cannot move freely because the liquid is incompressible fluid, and finally an arc chain is formed in the insulating tube, mutually repulsive coulomb force is generated between the charges with the same polarity, and the coulomb force acts on the tube wall to form reaction force due to the sealing of the insulating tube, so that the induced charge chain is cut off.
Further, the specific process of step 2 is that arc discharge is initiated in the ceramic tube filled with insulating oil, part of the insulating oil in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expanded to form a mechanical pressure wave which rapidly propagates outwards, but since the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed, a mechanical effect of power is shown to the outside when the discharge channel carries out liquid-phase discharge, an acting force which impacts the wall of the ceramic tube is formed in the ceramic tube, and the wall of the ceramic tube generates a shock wave in the insulating oil medium due to the force interaction;
the specific working process of the step 3 is that when the impact electric arc acts on the metal electrode to apply pressure to the insulating oil in the ceramic tube, according to the Pascal principle, a certain part of the static fluid in the closed container generates pressure change, the pressure is constantly transmitted to all directions, then the insulating oil medium around is impacted by a larger acting force from the discharge channel in the ceramic tube, and the acting force rebounds after contacting the wall of the ceramic tube.
Further, the specific working process in the step 4 is that the pressure and the temperature in the ceramic tube are increased by the liquid-electric effect and the pascal effect, so that an acting force pointing to the center from the ceramic tube wall is generated, under the acting force, and under the blowing of the insulating oil to the electric arc, the temperature of the electric arc is reduced, so that the electric arc is extinguished more quickly, the longer the electric arc formed in the ceramic tube is, the greater the acting force is on the ceramic tube wall, and conversely, the greater the impact force for cutting off the electric arc is, so that the action force rebounds after acting on the outer shell, and the acting force pointing to the center of the insulating tube is formed, and the medium generates a polarization current in an impact pre-breakdown stage, so that the breakdown voltage is reduced, the breakdown voltage value corresponding to a short time period is reduced, and the corresponding breakdown volt-second characteristic of the medium is gentle.
Under the thunderbolt condition, the arrester is prior to the insulator and discharges: under the normal operation voltage of the circuit, the fully-sealed liquid arrester has no leakage current flowing through; when the fully-sealed liquid arrester is subjected to overvoltage, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before the insulator string, lightning current is discharged, the insulator string is prevented from flashover, and circuit tripping is avoided. The totally enclosed liquid arrester and the insulator string have strict insulation matching design.
The arc perfusion phase causes the pascal effect: when a tower or a transmission line is struck by lightning, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before the insulator string, a lightning arc is poured into a ceramic tube in the arrester, the diameter of the arc is reduced, and axial pressure is generated; according to the pascal principle: after any point in the incompressible static fluid is subjected to pressure increment generated by external force, the pressure increment is instantaneously transmitted to each point of the static fluid. In the arc pouring stage, the pressure change of a certain part in the ceramic tube is transmitted to all directions invariably, so that the pressure in the ceramic tube is further increased, and all points on the inner wall of the ceramic tube impact the electric arc with larger acting force at the same time, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting off the electric arc.
The electro-hydraulic effect is caused after the electric arc is pre-punctured: after pre-breakdown occurs, electric arc discharges in the ceramic tube containing liquid, and part of liquid in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expands to form a mechanical pressure wave which rapidly spreads outwards. However, since the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which cannot be compressed, when the discharge channel discharges in a liquid phase, an ultrahigh-power mechanical effect is shown to the outside, an impact acting force is formed in the ceramic tube and acts on the discharge channel in an impulse or impact pressure mode to impact an electric arc and cut off the electric arc.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the utility model can cut off the electric arc quickly, the electric arc discharges in the liquid to generate the liquid electric effect, the impact pressure wave is formed quickly, the impact electric arc is cut off immediately when just forming, the reignition of the impact electric arc is delayed, the high voltage in the ceramic tube destroys the continuous discharge condition and the reignition condition, the reignition breakdown time is delayed by more than ten to dozens of microseconds after cutting off the impact electric arc, the gradient of the lightning current is reduced by 90% obviously, the current amplitude is attenuated by more than 50%, the direct lightning overvoltage is effectively protected, when the pilot channel of the lightning discharge hits the lead wire, the pole tower or other buildings, the arc extinguishing method based on the Pascal principle can reduce the overvoltage amplitude and prolong the discharge time. The damage of direct lightning overvoltage to equipment and devices is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective structure of the device of the present invention.
In the attached figure, 1-an insulating tube, 2-a protective sleeve, 3-insulating liquid, 4-a wiring terminal, 5-an electrode and 6-a fixed seat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the arrester is a sealed liquid arrester, and is configured as a sealed insulating tube, and the insulating tube is configured as a hollow structure, the hollow structure is filled with insulating liquid 3, and two ends of the insulating tube are provided with electrodes 5, and the electrodes 5 extend into the hollow structure and are arranged in contact with the insulating liquid 3. The insulating tube comprises an insulating tube 1 and a protective sleeve 2, wherein the protective sleeve 2 is arranged on the outer side of the insulating tube 1, and the inner side of the insulating tube 1 is of a hollow structure. The outer side of the protective sleeve 2 is provided with a skirt edge, and the skirt edge and the protective sleeve 2 are integrally arranged.
The ceramic tube is cylindrical and is arranged in the composite material shell, and liquid (such as insulating oil, pure water and the like) is filled in the ceramic tube; the upper end and the lower end of the ceramic tube are sealed by adopting a base; the wiring terminal and the grounding terminal are respectively arranged on the upper base and the lower base.
The ceramic tube filled with liquid is made of high-hardness high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant inorganic non-metallic material and is cylindrical; the ceramic tube is tightly connected with the composite insulation to play a role in fixing the ceramic tube and the umbrella skirt; the closed space in the ceramic tube is filled with liquid (insulating oil, pure water insulating oil-oil mixture, etc.) and is an area where electric arcs collide elastically; the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical ceramic tube are sealed by adopting a base. The wiring terminal is connected to the power transmission line; the ground terminal is connected to a ground terminal.
When a tower or a transmission line is struck by lightning, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before an insulator string, a lightning arc is poured into a ceramic tube in the arrester to generate a liquid-electric effect, a strong shock wave is formed, and the strong shock wave acts on a discharge channel in an impulse or shock pressure mode to cut off the arc. Meanwhile, when the electric arc enters the ceramic tube, a certain pressure is applied to the liquid in the ceramic tube, and according to the Pascal principle, the pressure change of a certain part of the static fluid in the closed container is constantly transmitted to all directions, so that a larger acting force is inevitably generated on the inner wall of the ceramic tube. The acting force rebounds after acting on the shell to form an acting force with the direction pointing to the center of the ceramic tube, so that the aim of cutting off the electric arc is fulfilled.
The specific working process of the lightning arrester is that,
step 1: before lightning is formed, a large lightning field is formed between the thundercloud and the ground, and induced charges generate coulomb force in the sealed insulating tube 1 and generate induced charges on a lightning rod of the lightning rod. Due to electrostatic induction, charges with polarity opposite to that of thundercloud are induced in the insulating tube and accumulated in the sealed insulating tube, and because the liquid is incompressible fluid, the charges cannot move freely and finally form an arc chain in the insulating tube, mutually repulsive coulomb force is generated among the charges with the same polarity, and due to the sealing of the insulating tube, the coulomb force acts on the tube wall to form reaction force to cut off the induced charge chain.
Step 2: when lightning strikes on the lightning rod, when arc discharge is generated in the insulating tube 1 filled with the insulating liquid 3, the liquid-electricity effect generates shock waves which impact to the side edges. Arc discharge is initiated in the ceramic tube filled with insulating oil, part of the insulating oil in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expands to form a mechanical pressure wave which rapidly propagates outwards, but the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed, so that when the discharge channel is subjected to liquid-phase discharge, the mechanical effect of power is shown to the outside, an acting force which impacts the wall of the ceramic tube is formed in the ceramic tube, and the wall of the ceramic tube generates shock waves in the insulating oil medium due to the interaction of the forces.
And step 3: the pascal effect enhances the liquid-electric effect, and when the electric arc acts on the insulating liquid 3 and the pressure of a certain part of the static insulating liquid 3 changes, the electric arc is constantly transmitted to all directions inside the insulating liquid 3. When an impact electric arc acts on the metal electrode to apply pressure to the insulating oil in the ceramic tube, according to the Pascal principle, a certain part of static fluid in the closed container generates pressure change, the pressure is constantly transmitted to all directions, and then the insulating oil medium around is impacted by a larger acting force from a discharge channel in the ceramic tube, and the acting force rebounds after contacting the wall of the ceramic tube.
And 4, step 4: and the shock waves of the liquid-electricity effect and the Pascal effect impact to the side edge and then return to impact, so that the arc channel is intensively subjected to impact arc extinction. The hydro-electric effect and the Pascal effect enable the pressure in the ceramic tube to be increased and the temperature to be increased, acting force pointing to the center from the ceramic tube wall is generated, under the acting force, the temperature of the electric arc is reduced under the condition that insulating oil blows the electric arc, the electric arc is rapidly extinguished, the longer the electric arc formed in the ceramic tube is, the larger the acting force is on the ceramic tube wall, the larger the impact force for cutting off the electric arc in reverse is, the rebound occurs after the acting force acts on the shell, the acting force pointing to the center of the insulating tube is formed, the polarization current is generated by the medium in the impact pre-breakdown stage, the breakdown voltage is reduced, the breakdown voltage value corresponding to a short time period is reduced, and the breakdown volt-second characteristic corresponding to the medium is enabled to be smooth.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a totally enclosed type liquid arrester which characterized in that: the lightning arrester is arranged to be a sealed insulating tube, a hollow structure is arranged in the insulating tube, insulating liquid (3) is filled in the hollow structure, electrodes (5) are arranged at two ends of the insulating tube, and the electrodes (5) stretch into the hollow structure and are in contact with the insulating liquid (3).
2. The totally enclosed type liquid arrester as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the insulating tube comprises an insulating tube (1) and a protective sleeve (2), the protective sleeve (2) is arranged on the outer side of the insulating tube (1), and the inner side of the insulating tube (1) is of a hollow structure.
3. The totally enclosed type liquid arrester as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outer side of the protective sleeve (2) is provided with a skirt edge which is integrally arranged with the protective sleeve (2).
4. The totally enclosed type liquid arrester as claimed in claim 1, wherein: fixing seats (6) are arranged at two ends of the insulating tube, the fixing seats (6) are arranged in a sealing mode, and the electrodes (5) penetrate through the fixing seats (6) and are arranged in a sealing mode.
5. The totally enclosed type liquid arrester as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the fixing seat (6) is provided with a wiring terminal (4), the wiring terminal (4) is electrically connected with the electrode (5), the wiring terminal (4) at one end is grounded, and the wiring terminal (4) at the other end is connected with a lightning lead.
6. The totally enclosed type liquid arrester as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the electrode (5) comprises an upper layer graphite electrode, a middle metal electrode and a lower layer graphite electrode, the middle metal electrode is fixed on the fixing seat (6), the upper layer graphite electrode is arranged on the upper layer of the middle metal electrode, and the lower layer graphite electrode is arranged at the bottom of the middle metal electrode and is arranged in the insulating tube (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121851618.0U CN215452052U (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Totally enclosed type liquid arrester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121851618.0U CN215452052U (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Totally enclosed type liquid arrester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215452052U true CN215452052U (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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ID=79692724
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121851618.0U Active CN215452052U (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Totally enclosed type liquid arrester |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215452052U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-08-09 CN CN202121851618.0U patent/CN215452052U/en active Active
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