CN114628721A - Fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN114628721A CN114628721A CN202011470322.4A CN202011470322A CN114628721A CN 114628721 A CN114628721 A CN 114628721A CN 202011470322 A CN202011470322 A CN 202011470322A CN 114628721 A CN114628721 A CN 114628721A
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- bipolar plate
- coolant
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- corrugated
- inlet
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 35
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010724 circulating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A novel fuel cell stack is characterized in that a cooling oil cavity adopts a double-inlet and double-outlet mode, the temperature distribution of a single cell between two cooling cavities is improved, and meanwhile, the oil cavity side adopts a corrugated design, so that turbulence is enhanced, heat transfer is enhanced, and the cooling effect is improved; the air and hydrogen sides form a gradually-reduced and gradually-expanded flow channel through the corrugated flow channel, so that the mass transfer of gas is enhanced, and the performance of the electric pile is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack which can effectively improve the temperature distribution uniformity of an internal bipolar plate, strengthen the cooling effect, enhance mass transfer, improve current density and improve the performance of the stack.
Background
A fuel cell is a device that directly converts chemical energy stored in a compound fuel into electrical energy through a chemical reaction. The bipolar plate is used as a core component of the fuel cell, plays a plurality of important roles of membrane electrode support, hydrogen and oxygen separation, electron collection, heat conduction, cooling flow channel supply and the like, and the performance of the bipolar plate depends on the flow field structure to a great extent.
In the operation process of the battery, a large amount of heat is generated while electrochemical reaction is carried out, the galvanic pile needs to be cooled for maintaining the normal operation temperature of the galvanic pile, and the performance of the galvanic pile is greatly influenced by the cooling effect and the temperature distribution uniformity of each single cell surface.
Air and hydrogen are respectively introduced into the cathode and the anode of the bipolar plate flow channel of the fuel cell, and because the flow velocity and the size of the flow channel are basically constrained in a laminar flow state, the mass transfer effect is high in limitation, the mass transfer effect of a gas side is improved, and the enhancement of turbulence is always in the direction of deep research, but the pressure drop and the great improvement of the manufacturing difficulty can be brought by adding a turbulence piece under most conditions.
The invention provides a novel fuel cell bipolar plate and a novel fuel cell stack, which improve the temperature distribution uniformity of a single cell between two cooling cavities and simultaneously improve the cooling effect; the mass transfer of reaction gas is strengthened, the gas retention time is increased, the current density is favorably improved, and the performance of the galvanic pile is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell stack, wherein a cooling oil cavity adopts a double-inlet and double-outlet mode, the temperature distribution of a single cell between two cooling cavities is improved, and meanwhile, the side of the oil cavity adopts a corrugated design, so that the turbulent flow is enhanced, the heat transfer is enhanced, and the cooling effect is improved; the air and hydrogen sides form a gradually-reduced and gradually-expanded flow channel through the corrugated flow channel, so that the mass transfer of gas is enhanced, and the performance of the electric pile is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fuel cell stack comprises N MEA and N-1 bipolar plate groups, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and the MEA and the bipolar plate groups are alternately overlapped one by one; the bipolar plate group is formed by overlapping two bipolar plates;
the two side surfaces of one bipolar plate in the bipolar plate group are respectively provided with a fuel flow field and a coolant flow field, and the two side surfaces of the other bipolar plate are respectively provided with an oxidant flow field and a coolant flow field;
the coolant flow fields of the two bipolar plates are oppositely arranged and stacked to form a bipolar plate group, and the coolant flow fields of the two bipolar plates are all formed by a snake-shaped flow field group; the snakelike flow field group is formed by more than 2 parallel flow fields; each parallel flow field is a corrugated flow channel; the coolant flow fields on two different bipolar plates of the same bipolar plate set are staggered.
The staggered arrangement is that the corrugated flow channels on the surface of one bipolar plate project towards the surface of the other bipolar plate, and the projected corrugated flow channels are staggered with the corrugated flow channels on the surface of the other bipolar plate.
The number of the corrugated flow channels in the coolant flow field on the bipolar plates oppositely arranged in the bipolar plate group is the same, the wavelength of the corrugated flow channels is the same, the peak height of the corrugated flow channels is the same, the frequency of the corrugated flow channels is the same, the corrugated flow channels on the surface of one bipolar plate project to the surface of the other bipolar plate, and the difference between the corrugated frequency of the projected corrugated flow channels and the corrugated flow channels on the surface of the other bipolar plate is 1/3-2/3, so that a staggered structure is formed.
The wave crests of the projected corrugated flow channel correspond to the wave troughs of the other bipolar plate surface corrugated flow channel, and the wave troughs of the projected corrugated flow channel correspond to the wave crests of the other bipolar plate surface corrugated flow channel.
The corrugation of the corrugated flow channel is a broken line or an arc line, the folding angle of the broken line is 20-160 degrees, the heat transfer performance and the pressure drop can be adjusted by changing the size of the folding angle, the smaller the folding angle is, the better the heat transfer performance is, but the larger the pressure drop is, the larger the folding angle is, the better the heat transfer performance is, but the lower the pressure drop is, and the folding angle is preferably 80-100 degrees.
The peripheral edge of the bipolar plate is provided with a fuel inlet, a fuel outlet, an oxidant inlet, an oxidant outlet, two coolant inlets and two coolant outlets; one coolant inlet is positioned directly above or above the left side of the other coolant inlet, and one coolant outlet is positioned directly above or below the right side of the other coolant inlet;
the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet of one bipolar plate in the bipolar plate group are communicated with the fuel flow field on the bipolar plate, and the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet of the other bipolar plate are communicated with the oxidant flow field on the bipolar plate; a coolant inlet located above and a coolant outlet located below communicate with the coolant flow field thereon;
the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet of one bipolar plate in the adjacent bipolar plate groups are communicated with the fuel flow field on the bipolar plate, and the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet of the other bipolar plate are communicated with the oxidant flow field on the bipolar plate; the other coolant inlet located below and the other coolant outlet located above communicate with the coolant flow field thereon.
The bipolar plate is rectangular, the fuel inlet and the oxidant inlet or the oxidant outlet are arranged on one side, and the fuel outlet and the oxidant outlet or the oxidant inlet are arranged on one side;
the two coolant inlets and the two coolant outlets are respectively arranged on the other two sides, or the other two sides are respectively provided with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; the coolant of one bipolar plate in the adjacent bipolar plate group goes in and out from the top, the coolant of the other bipolar plate goes in and out from the bottom, and the macroscopic flow directions of the liquid are opposite.
The relative fuel flow field and oxidant flow field in the adjacent bipolar plate group spaced at two sides of an MEA are snake-shaped flow fields formed by more than 2 parallel flow channels which are sequentially arranged and sequentially spaced; the flow channel is a periodic tapered and gradually expanded flow channel with the same size and shape;
the flow channel on the surface of one bipolar plate projects to the surface of the other bipolar plate, the gradually expanding area of the projection flow channel is overlapped with the gradually reducing area of the flow channel on the surface of the other bipolar plate in sequence, the gradually expanding area of the projection flow channel is staggered with the gradually expanding area of the flow channel on the surface of the other bipolar plate in sequence, and the gradually reducing area of the projection flow channel is staggered with the gradually reducing area of the flow channel on the surface of the other bipolar plate in sequence.
Turbolators are arranged in the gradually-widening area of the gradually-reducing and gradually-expanding flow channel.
According to the fuel cell stack provided by the invention, the cooling oil cavities adopt a double-inlet and double-outlet mode, and the inlets and outlets of adjacent cooling flow channels are arranged on the same side of the bipolar plate and are a hot end and a cold end, so that the defects that the temperature is gradually increased in the flowing process of cooling oil, the heat dissipation capacity of the tail end is weakened, and the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet is large are avoided, and the temperature distribution of a single cell between two cooling cavities is greatly improved; meanwhile, the oil cavity side adopts a corrugated design, when an oil cavity is formed by two bipolar plates, the corrugation frequency of the cooling cavities of the two bipolar plates is different from 1/3-2/3, wave crests and wave troughs are opposite, and are in contact and crossed to form a plurality of contacts, so that the compressive strength is enhanced, and meanwhile, the crossed combination enables media of adjacent cooling channels to be mixed and convected, so that the cooling oil is fully mixed, and the heat transfer performance is superior to that of a straight channel with the same cross section. The crossed arrangement can not only cause efficient heat exchange, but also adjust the angle and density of the corrugation according to the different requirements of different parts of the galvanic pile on heat exchange or the pressure drop, so as to keep the temperature of the galvanic pile uniform or ensure that the pressure drop meets the requirements.
The air and hydrogen sides form a gradually-reduced and gradually-expanded flow channel through a corrugated flow channel, the flow velocity of gas is continuously changed to enable the gas to easily form turbulent flow, a rotating vortex can be formed in a large space at a wave crest, the mass transfer of the gas is jointly enhanced, the gas disturbance is enhanced, the mass transfer is enhanced, the gas can easily enter a diffusion layer, the gas can form a vortex in the flow channel, the gas retention time is prolonged, the current density is favorably improved, and the performance of an electric pile is improved; the flow channel can adjust the included angle and the width of the corrugation, and the pressure drop is controlled to be not greatly improved. The corrugated flow channels of the air and the hydrogen are crossed (wave crest to wave trough), so that the compressive strength is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the inlet and outlet of a cooling oil cavity 1 of a bipolar plate of an electric pile.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inlet and outlet of the cooling oil chamber 2 of the bipolar plate of the galvanic pile.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling effect of a conventional straight flow channel one in and one out (a), a corrugated flow channel one in and one out (b), and a corrugated flow channel two in and two out (c).
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cooling oil cavities a and b of a bipolar plate of an electric stack.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the stack bipolar plate cooling gallery flow channels of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of different corrugated corner combinations of the oil side flow channels of the bipolar plates of the stack.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the air and hydrogen side flow channels of a bipolar plate of a stack of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the air and hydrogen side flow channel combination of a bipolar plate of a stack of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the cell stack of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a stack repeat unit of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the upper header oil path split structure of the present invention.
In the figure: A. an inlet of the oil cavity 1, an outlet of the oil cavity 1, an inlet of the oil cavity 2C, an outlet of the oil cavity 2D, a hydrogen inlet E, an air inlet F, a hydrogen outlet G, an air outlet H, an oil inlet I and an oil outlet J
1. The fuel/air/hydrogen bipolar plate integrated electric pile comprises an upper end plate 2, a lower end plate 3 and a tension rod 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The fuel cell bipolar plate cooling oil cavity of the invention adopts a double-inlet and double-outlet mode, the inlet and outlet of adjacent cooling flow channels are arranged at the same end of the bipolar plate, which is a hot end and a cold end (see the upper end and the lower end of the bipolar plate of figures 1 and 2), A is the inlet end (temperature 150 ℃/experimental data) of a coolant cavity (oil cavity) 1, C is the outlet end (temperature 155 ℃/experimental data) of the oil cavity 1, D is the inlet end (temperature 150 ℃/experimental data) of the oil cavity 2, B is the outlet end (temperature 155 ℃/experimental data) of the oil cavity 2, A, D is arranged at the same side (left side of figures 1 and 2), B, C is arranged at the same side (right side of figures 1 and 2), the invention is convenient for converging and connecting pipes, the same flow state of the same flow channel can be approximately considered as the same speed when the temperature at two sides increases and decreases, the low temperature end of the adjacent cooling oil cavity corresponds to the high temperature end of the other oil cavity, the defects of poor heat dissipation capability at the tail end of a traditional one-inlet one-outlet cooling flow channel and large temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet are overcome, the temperature distribution uniformity of a single pool between two cooling cavities is greatly improved, meanwhile, the corrugated design is adopted on the side of an oil cavity to strengthen heat transfer, the principle effect can be seen in figure 3, (a) and (b) show the comparison of the heat transfer performance of the traditional straight flow channel and the corrugated flow channel, under the same working condition, (a) the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet is 3 ℃, and (b) the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet is 5 ℃; in fig. 3, (b) and (c) show the comparison of the temperature distribution uniformity of the corrugated flow channel in the conventional one-inlet one-outlet arrangement and the two-inlet two-outlet arrangement, the temperature between the two cooling oil cavities is 150-155 ℃, the highest and lowest average temperature is 152.5 ℃ as the standard, and the floating can be kept between 2 ℃;
the corrugated design of the cooling oil cavity side is described as follows, when two bipolar plates form a coolant cavity, the corrugation frequency difference of the cooling cavities of the two bipolar plates is 3-2/3, the corrugation wave crests and wave troughs of the cooling cavities of the two bipolar plates are opposite, as shown in a and b in figure 4, a plurality of contact points are formed by contact and intersection, the compressive strength is enhanced, and simultaneously, the combination of intersection enables the media of adjacent cooling flow channels to be mixed and convected, so that the cooling oil is fully mixed, as shown in a flow field flow form of figure 5; the crossed arrangement can not only cause efficient heat exchange and strengthen the cooling effect, but also adjust the angle and density of the corrugation according to different heat exchange requirements of different parts of the galvanic pile or requirements on pressure drop, so that the temperature of the galvanic pile is kept uniform or the pressure drop meets the requirements, as shown in figure 6, under the same flow speed of 1m/s, the same medium and inlet temperature, when the folding angle of the corrugation of the flow channel is 20 degrees, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet reaches 8 ℃, and the pressure drop is 4.2 kPa; when the corrugated folding angle of the flow channel is 90 degrees, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet reaches 5 ℃, and the pressure drop is 2.5 kPa; when the corrugated folding angle of the flow channel is 160 degrees, the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet reaches 2.5 ℃, and the pressure drop is 1.3 kPa.
The air side and the hydrogen side both adopt a gradually-reducing and gradually-expanding flow channel, as shown in a and b in fig. 7, the flow velocity of gas is continuously changed in the form of the gradually-reducing and gradually-expanding channel, so that turbulent flow is more easily formed, two rotating vortexes can be formed in a large space at the wave crest, the mass transfer of the gas is jointly strengthened, the gas disturbance is strengthened, the mass transfer is strengthened, the gas can more easily enter a diffusion layer, the gas can form vortexes in the flow channel, the gas retention time is prolonged, the current density is favorably improved, and the pile performance is improved; flow disturbing members such as square columns and the like can be manufactured in the middle of each section of the gradually expanded flow channel, as shown in c and d in fig. 7, the improvement effect is more obvious, but the manufacturing difficulty and cost are increased, and the influence of pressure loss improvement is also brought.
The flow channel can adjust the included angle and the width of the corrugation, and the pressure drop is controlled to be not greatly improved. The corrugated flow channels of air and hydrogen are crossed (wave crest to wave trough), as shown in fig. 8, so that the compressive strength is enhanced.
As shown in figure 9, the fuel cell stack comprises an Oil/Air/hydrogen bipolar plate integrated stack 1, an upper end plate 2, a lower end plate 3 and a tension rod 4, wherein a single cell (MEA) can be arranged inside the stack together with a cooling Oil cavity, and the repeat unit of the stack is Oil1-Air-MEA-H2-Oil2, as shown in fig. 10, or multiple sections (2-3 sections) of single cells can share a cooling Oil cavity, the positions of the cooling Oil cavity and the gas side inlet and outlet are as described in the bipolar plate, multiple identical units form a stack, the periphery of each path of fluid in the stack is sealed by a sealing gasket, multiple repeated units are stacked, the stack is formed by combining and pressing an upper end plate 2, a lower end plate 3 and a pull rod 4, a cooling Oil path, an air inlet and a hydrogen outlet are integrated on the upper end plate, the Oil path of the upper end plate is provided with a flow splitting structure which is uniformly divided into two paths of inlets and outlets, as shown in fig. 11, when the stack is in operation, two paths of circulating Oil paths are used for cooling, and external air and hydrogen enter the stack from the respective inlets and participate in reaction, and then are collected and flow out from the outlets.
The novel fuel cell stack improves the temperature distribution uniformity of a single cell between two cooling cavities and simultaneously improves the cooling effect; the mass transfer of reaction gas is strengthened, the gas retention time is prolonged, the current density is improved, and the performance of the electric pile is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell stack comprises N MEA and N-1 bipolar plate groups, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and the MEA and the bipolar plate groups are alternately overlapped one by one; the bipolar plate group is formed by overlapping two bipolar plates;
the two side surfaces of one bipolar plate in the bipolar plate group are respectively provided with a fuel flow field and a coolant flow field, and the two side surfaces of the other bipolar plate are respectively provided with an oxidant flow field and a coolant flow field;
the method is characterized in that: the coolant flow fields of the two bipolar plates are oppositely arranged and stacked to form a bipolar plate group, and the coolant flow fields of the two bipolar plates are all formed by a snake-shaped flow field group; the snakelike flow field group is formed by more than 2 parallel flow fields; each parallel flow field is a corrugated flow channel; the coolant flow fields on two different bipolar plates of the same bipolar plate set are staggered.
2. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein:
the staggered arrangement is that the corrugated flow channels on the surface of one bipolar plate project towards the surface of the other bipolar plate, and the projected corrugated flow channels are staggered with the corrugated flow channels on the surface of the other bipolar plate.
3. The fuel cell stack according to claim 2, wherein:
the corrugated flow channels in the coolant flow field on the bipolar plates which are oppositely arranged in the bipolar plate group are the same in number, the corrugated flow channels are the same in wavelength, the same in peak height and the same in frequency, and are oppositely arranged one by one; the corrugated flow channels on the surface of one bipolar plate project to the surface of the other bipolar plate, and the difference between the corrugated frequency of the projected corrugated flow channels and the corrugated frequency of the corresponding corrugated flow channels on the surface of the other bipolar plate is 1/3-2/3, so that an interlaced structure is formed.
4. A fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the corrugated flow channel on the surface of one bipolar plate projects towards the surface of the other bipolar plate, the wave crest of the projected corrugated flow channel corresponds to the wave trough of the corrugated flow channel corresponding to the surface of the other bipolar plate, and the wave trough of the projected corrugated flow channel corresponds to the wave crest of the corrugated flow channel corresponding to the surface of the other bipolar plate.
5. The fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
the corrugation of the corrugated flow channel is a fold line and/or a circular arc line, the folding angle of the fold line is 20-160 degrees, the heat transfer performance and the pressure drop can be adjusted by changing the size of the folding angle, the smaller the folding angle is, the better the heat transfer performance is, but the larger the pressure drop is, the larger the folding angle is, the better the heat transfer performance is, but the lower the pressure drop is, and the folding angle is preferably 80-100 degrees.
6. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein:
the peripheral edge of the bipolar plate is provided with a fuel inlet, a fuel outlet, an oxidant inlet, an oxidant outlet, two coolant inlets and two coolant outlets; one coolant inlet is positioned directly above or above the left side of the other coolant inlet, and one coolant outlet is positioned directly above or below the right side of the other coolant inlet;
the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet of one bipolar plate in the bipolar plate group are communicated with the fuel flow field on the bipolar plate, and the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet of the other bipolar plate are communicated with the oxidant flow field on the bipolar plate; a coolant inlet positioned at the upper part and a coolant outlet positioned at the lower part are communicated with the corresponding coolant flow field;
the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet of one bipolar plate in the adjacent bipolar plate groups are communicated with the fuel flow field on the bipolar plate, and the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet of the other bipolar plate are communicated with the oxidant flow field on the bipolar plate; the other coolant inlet located below and the other coolant outlet located above communicate with the corresponding coolant flow field thereon.
7. The fuel cell stack according to claim 6, wherein: the bipolar plate is rectangular, the fuel inlet and the oxidant inlet or the oxidant outlet are arranged on one side, and the fuel outlet and the oxidant outlet or the oxidant inlet are arranged on one side;
the two coolant inlets and the two coolant outlets are respectively arranged on the other two sides, or the other two sides are respectively provided with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; the coolant of one bipolar plate in the adjacent bipolar plate group goes in and out from the top, the coolant of the other bipolar plate goes in and out from the bottom, and the macroscopic flow directions of the liquid are opposite.
8. A fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:
the relative fuel flow field and oxidant flow field in the adjacent bipolar plate group spaced at two sides of an MEA are snake-shaped flow fields formed by more than 2 parallel flow channels which are sequentially arranged and sequentially spaced; the flow channel is a periodic tapered and gradually expanded flow channel with the same size and shape;
the runners on the surfaces of the two bipolar plates correspond to each other one by one, the runner on the surface of one bipolar plate projects towards the surface of the other bipolar plate, the gradually expanding area of the projected runner is overlapped with the gradually contracting area of the runner on the surface of the other bipolar plate in sequence, the gradually expanding area of the projected runner is staggered with the gradually expanding area of the runner on the surface of the other bipolar plate in sequence, and the gradually contracting area of the projected runner is staggered with the gradually contracting area of the runner on the surface of the other bipolar plate in sequence.
9. The fuel cell stack according to claim 8, wherein: the gradually widening area of the gradually reducing and gradually expanding flow channel is provided with a columnar protrusion serving as a turbolator.
10. The fuel cell stack according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the periodic gradually-reducing and gradually-expanding flow passage is formed by sequentially connecting more than 2 gradually-reducing and gradually-expanding flow passages in series;
the reducing and gradually expanding flow channel refers to one or more than two of flow channels with prismatic, circular and elliptical sections parallel to the plate surface.
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| CN202011470322.4A CN114628721B (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fuel cell stack |
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| CN202011470322.4A CN114628721B (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fuel cell stack |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060003206A1 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2006-01-05 | Seiji Sugiura | Fuel cell |
| CN110993985A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Flow channel structure of metal bipolar plate flow field of fuel cell |
| CN211700448U (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-10-16 | 河南豫氢动力有限公司 | High-reliability bipolar plate of vehicle fuel cell |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060003206A1 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2006-01-05 | Seiji Sugiura | Fuel cell |
| CN110993985A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Flow channel structure of metal bipolar plate flow field of fuel cell |
| CN211700448U (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-10-16 | 河南豫氢动力有限公司 | High-reliability bipolar plate of vehicle fuel cell |
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