CN114618461A - 一种混合模式色谱固定相及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种混合模式色谱固定相及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及液相色谱固定相,具体地说是一种键合相中含有疏水苯环及多个可带正电荷的氨基基团的反相/静电作用混合模式色谱固定相。
技术背景
混合模式色谱(mixed-mode chromatography,MMC)是在一根色谱柱上同时存在两种或多种分离机理的色谱分离技术,是多种化合物分离和分析的有力工具。在MMC中固定相与分析物质间存在多种作用力,如疏水作用、静电作用、氢键作用、偶极-偶极等作用力为同时分离多种化合物提供更好地选择性,扩大样品的检测范围,可实现根据样品特性在不同模式下进行分离,这对复杂样品的分析是十分有利的。如固定相带有烷基链和极性基团,则可以提供疏水和亲水作用,而能够实现反相/亲水(RPLC/HILIC)的分离,能同时用于极性和非极性物质的分析。。
反相/静电作用填料是固定相表面引入带电的极性基团,将疏水与静电作用结合在一次分离模式中。与传统的单一反相模式相比,反相/静电作用解决了反相模式中难以分离强极性化合物的难题。反相/静电作用固定相的多功能的配体必须包含疏水性部分,一般是不同长度的烷基链,如:C18、C12、C8等,提供静电作用的极性功能团被嵌入疏水链中或链接在疏水配体的末端,如季氨基,咪唑,吡啶,磺酸基,羧基等常用的离子型功能团。Liu等以苯基咪唑为配体对硅胶进行修饰改性得到反相/弱阴离子交换(RPLC/WAX)固定相,苯基和咪唑分别提供疏水和阴离子交换作用,应用于分离无机阴离子,柱效能达到60000-70000理论塔板数[Liu.et al,J.Chromatogra.A,2001,1218,1503-1308]。Nogueira等制备了一种极性封端型的RP/WAX型MMC固定相,该固定相的配基包含一个中间嵌入极性基团的疏水性烷基链,其一端有一个作为阴离子交换点位的正电荷的喹啉基团,与传统的反相色谱相比,这种RP/WAX型MMC固定相在对含有酸性或碱性侧链的肽进行分离时具有更好的选择性和分辨率[Nogueira,R.et al,J.Chromatogra.A,2005,1089,158-169]。但是含有疏水苯环及多个可带正电荷的氨基基团的反相/静电作用混合模式色谱固定相的制备技术及其用于天然产物及药物分离分析的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型反相/静电作用混合模式色谱固定相及其制备方法。该键合相包含疏水苯环及可带正电荷的氨基基团,其制备方法简单,适用性广泛。
本发明的技术方案是:液相色谱固定相,其特征在于结构为:
其中Silica Gel为硅胶的示意(代表硅胶),R1是C1-C10的烷基链,R2是C1-C10的烷基链或带有双键的C2-C10的烷基链中的一种,R3是C0-C10的烷基链。
本发明还提供了上述固定相的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
a.硅胶预处理:硅胶加入浓度为5~50wt%的强酸溶液中,加热回流搅拌1~48小时,过滤,用水洗涤至pH=6~7,所得固体于干燥箱中100~160℃条件下干燥8~24小时,得酸化后硅胶;
以每克硅胶计,强酸溶液的用量3-20mL;
b.硅烷化反应:在氮气和/或氩气保护下,在有机溶剂中加入硅烷偶联剂、碱性催化剂和经80-200℃干燥8~18小时的硅胶,在40~130℃下反应8~24小时,过滤,依次用甲醇、甲醇水、甲醇、四氢呋喃洗涤,所得固体于干燥箱中40~80℃条件下干燥8~24小时,得到色谱固定相;
以每克硅胶计,硅烷偶联剂的用量为0.1-2.4mmol,有机溶剂的用量为4-15mL,碱性催化剂的用量为2-10mmol。
本发明具有如下优点:
1.结构新颖。本发明首次提出键合相中含有疏水苯环及多个可带正电荷的氨基基团的反相/静电作用混合模式色谱固定相。该固定相结构中带有氨基等极性基团及疏水苯环,具有疏水作用、静电作用、氢键作用、偶极-偶极等作用力,对绝大部分天然产物及药物具有很好的分离选择性,可广泛用于各类样品的分离分析及纯化制备。
2.本发明提供的液相色谱固定相制备过程简单可靠,有利于实现产业化。
附图说明
图1为实施例6的色谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例,对本发明做进一步说明。实例仅限于说明本发明,而非对本发明的限定。
实施例1
向250mL烧瓶中加入10g硅胶,加入100mL浓度为38wt%的盐酸溶液中,加热回流搅拌2小时,过滤,用水洗涤至pH=6~7,所得固体于干燥箱中160℃条件下干燥24小时,得酸化后硅胶;
在氮气保护下,向100mL烧瓶中加入10g经160℃干燥16小时的硅胶(粒径为3.5μm,孔径为10nm)、6mL N-(2-N-苄基氨乙基)-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(摩尔数为24mmol)、4gN,N-二甲基吡啶和60mL二甲苯,在115℃下反应24小时,过滤,依次用甲醇、甲醇水、甲醇、四氢呋喃洗涤,所得固体在干燥箱中80℃条件下干燥16个小时,得到色谱固定相1,结构如下:
实施例2
与实施例1不同之处在于使用N-(2-N-苄基氨乙烯基)-3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(摩尔数为24mmol)代替N-(2-N-苄基氨乙基)-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(摩尔数为24mmol),得到色谱固定相2,结构如下:
实施例3
向250mL烧瓶中加入10g硅胶,加入80mL浓度为10wt%的盐酸溶液中,加热回流搅拌48小时,过滤,用水洗涤至pH=6~7,所得固体于干燥箱中200℃条件下干燥12小时,得酸化后硅胶;
在氩气保护下,向100mL烧瓶中加入10g经200℃干燥6小时的硅胶(粒径为5μm,孔径为30nm)、10mL N-(2-N-苄基氨丙基)-3-氨基丙基三氯硅烷(摩尔数为20mmol)、5mL 1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯和80mL二甲苯,在110℃下反应48小时,过滤,依次用甲醇、甲醇水、甲醇、四氢呋喃洗涤,所得固体在干燥箱中100℃条件下干燥16个小时,得到色谱固定相,结构如下:
实施例4
与实施例3不同之处在于使用N-(2-N-苯丁基氨丙基)-3-氨基丙基三氯硅烷(摩尔数为16mmol)代替N-(2-N-苄基氨丙基)-3-氨基丙基三氯硅烷(摩尔数为20mmol),得到色谱固定相4,结构如下:
实施例5
向250mL烧瓶中加入10g硅胶,加入80mL浓度为20wt%的盐酸溶液中,加热回流搅拌2小时,过滤,用水洗涤至pH=6~7,所得固体于干燥箱中200℃条件下干燥12小时,得酸化后硅胶;
在氩气保护下,向100mL烧瓶中加入10g经200℃干燥6小时的硅胶(粒径为10μm,孔径为10nm)、8mL N-(2-N-苯基氨丙基)-3-氨基丙基三氯硅烷(摩尔数为24mmol)、6mL吡啶和80mL二甲苯,在115℃下反应16小时,过滤,依次用甲醇、甲醇水、甲醇、四氢呋喃洗涤,所得固体在干燥箱中80℃条件下干燥16个小时,得到色谱固定相,结构如下:
实施例6
使用实施例1所得色谱固定相1装填4.6×50mm色谱柱,用于非极性化合物的分离分析。如图1所示,填料对不同类型的非极性化合物具有良好的分离选择性,色谱条件为:
色谱柱:4.6×50mm;
样品:非极性化合物混标(尿嘧啶1mg/mL,硝基苯1mg/mL,萘2mg/mL,芴2.2mg/mL);
溶剂:A:乙腈;B:水;
洗脱:A:B=40:60(V/V);
流速:1.5mL/min;
柱温:30;℃
检测:DAD(190nm-400nm)&UV(254nm)。
Claims (10)
2.按照权利要求1所述的色谱固定相,其特征在于:每克硅胶上含有0.1-2.4mmol的苯基。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的固定相的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
a.硅胶预处理:硅胶加入浓度为5~50wt%的强酸溶液中,加热回流搅拌1~48小时,过滤,用水洗涤至pH=6~7,所得固体于干燥箱中100~160℃条件下干燥8~24小时,得酸化后硅胶;
b.硅烷化反应:在氮气和/或氩气保护下,在有机溶剂中加入硅烷偶联剂、碱性催化剂和经酸化硅胶,在40~130℃下反应8~24小时,过滤,依次用甲醇、甲醇水、甲醇、四氢呋喃洗涤,所得固体于干燥箱中40~80℃条件下干燥8~24小时,得到色谱固定相。
4.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤a所用的强酸为盐酸、硝酸、硫酸中的一种。
6.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤b所用的有机溶剂为与水不互溶的二氯甲烷、甲苯、二甲苯、正庚烷、异辛烷中的一种或二种以上。
7.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤b所用的碱性催化剂为有机碱类化合物中二异丙基乙胺、三乙胺、1,8-二氮杂环[5,4,0]十一烯-7、1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯、N,N-二甲基吡啶、吡啶、咪唑的一种或二种以上。
8.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤a所用的强酸溶液的用量为每克硅胶3-20mL;
步骤b所用的有机溶剂的用量为每克硅胶4-15mL;
步骤b所用的硅烷偶联剂的用量为每克硅胶0.1-2.4mmol;
步骤b所用的碱性催化剂的用量为每克硅胶2-10mmol。
9.一种权利要求1或2所述的固定相在色谱分离过程中的应用。
10.按照权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于:色谱分离模式为反相色谱分离、亲水色谱分离及离子交换色谱分离。
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