CN114614189B - Battery module and electronic device - Google Patents
Battery module and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114614189B CN114614189B CN202210322597.6A CN202210322597A CN114614189B CN 114614189 B CN114614189 B CN 114614189B CN 202210322597 A CN202210322597 A CN 202210322597A CN 114614189 B CN114614189 B CN 114614189B
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- battery
- battery module
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- buffer
- buffer member
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- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;iron(2+);manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O DVATZODUVBMYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCONLAVBSLDAFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si]=O.[C].[Si] Chemical compound [Si]=O.[C].[Si] YCONLAVBSLDAFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003351 prussian blue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013225 prussian blue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
- H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a battery module and an electronic device, which comprise a plurality of battery units and a plurality of buffer pieces, wherein the battery units are stacked along the gravity direction, the buffer pieces are arranged between two adjacent battery units, and the thickness of the buffer piece at the outermost side of the battery module is smaller than that of the buffer piece at the innermost side of the battery module along the gravity direction. The battery cells are stacked along the gravity direction, the battery cells on the outer side are extruded by the gravity of the battery cells on the inner side, the battery cells on the outer side are pressed more strongly, and the expansion of the battery cells is smaller, so that the thickness of the buffer piece on the outer side can be correspondingly reduced, the thickness difference exists between the buffer piece on the outermost side and the buffer piece on the innermost side of the battery module, the material cost of the buffer piece is reduced, and the energy density of the battery module can be improved.
Description
[ Field of technology ]
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery module and an electronic device.
[ Background Art ]
Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable development of new energy industry, electric vehicles become an important component of sustainable development of vehicle industry due to the energy conservation and environmental protection advantages, the endurance mileage of the electric vehicles is also more and more concerned, the energy density of the battery module is closely related to the endurance mileage of the electric vehicles, and the endurance mileage of the electric vehicles is longer as the energy density is higher, so that a need for designing a battery module capable of improving the energy density is urgent.
[ Invention ]
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a battery module and an electronic device, which can at least improve the energy density of the battery module.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, including a plurality of battery units and a plurality of buffer members, where the plurality of battery units are stacked along a gravity direction, and the buffer members are disposed between two adjacent battery units. Along the gravity direction, the thickness of the outermost buffer member of the battery module is smaller than that of the innermost buffer member of the battery module.
The battery cells are stacked along the gravity direction, the battery cells on the outer side are extruded by the gravity of the battery cells on the inner side, the battery cells on the outer side are pressed more strongly, and the expansion of the battery cells is smaller, so that the thickness of the buffer piece on the outer side can be correspondingly reduced, the thickness difference exists between the buffer piece on the outermost side and the buffer piece on the innermost side of the battery module, the material cost of the buffer piece is reduced, and the energy density of the battery module can be improved.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the cushioning member decreases in sequence along the direction of gravity. Along the gravity direction, the thickness of the plurality of buffer members is gradually reduced, and the thickness of the buffer members is formulated according to the pressure or the pressure intensity born by each battery unit, so that the space of the battery module can be fully saved, and the energy density of the battery module is improved
In some embodiments, the direction of gravity is the thickness direction of the battery cell. Because the expansion of the battery unit at the outer side in the gravity direction is smaller, correspondingly, the battery unit can also use the expansion space reduced by the part, and the energy density of the battery module can also be improved by increasing the thickness of part of the battery unit.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the battery cell is D mm, the pressure exerted by the buffer member near the outside of the battery module is P 1 kPa, the pressure exerted by the buffer member far the outside of the battery module is P 2 kPa, and the difference Δd between the thickness of the buffer member near the outside of the battery module and the thickness of the buffer member far the outside of the battery module satisfies 0< Δd+.ltoreq.p 1-P2) D/320.
According to the formula, the expansion difference between the battery unit close to the outer side of the battery module and the battery unit close to the inner side of the battery module can be calculated, and the expansion difference is the thickness difference between the buffer piece close to the outer side of the battery module and the buffer piece close to the inner side of the battery module, so that the thickness of the buffer piece close to the outer side of the battery module and the buffer piece close to the inner side of the battery module can be correspondingly reduced, and the thickness difference exists between the buffer pieces close to the outer side of the battery module and the buffer piece close to the inner side of the battery module, so that the energy density of the battery module is improved.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the cushioning member comprises a plurality of gradient sections along the gravity direction, and the thickness difference of the cushioning member positioned in the same gradient section is 0 mm-0.1 mm. Through setting up the gradient interval, can reduce the thickness specification of bolster correspondingly, the bolster in same interval can adopt same production technology to carry out batch production to improve production efficiency.
In some embodiments, among the cushioning members of different thicknesses, cushioning members of greater thickness are laminated from several cushioning members of lesser thickness. The thickness of the buffer piece is increased in a lamination mode, so that the buffer pieces in each gradient interval can be produced in batches by adopting the same production process, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
In some embodiments, the battery module further includes a housing, the housing includes a bottom plate and a side plate, the side plate is mounted on the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the side plate enclose together to form a housing cavity, the plurality of battery units and the plurality of buffer members are housed in the housing cavity, the plurality of battery units and the plurality of buffer members are carried on the bottom plate, and a direction of the housing cavity toward the bottom plate is a stacking direction of the plurality of battery units. When a plurality of battery units and a plurality of buffer members are borne on the bottom plate, under the action of gravity, the battery units and the buffer members at the outer side of the battery module can be subjected to larger pressure, and the battery units at the outer side of the battery module expand less, namely the thickness of the buffer members at the outer side of the battery module is smaller.
In some embodiments, the surface of the side plate facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of limit grooves. One battery unit can be correspondingly arranged in one limiting groove so as to facilitate the positioning and the installation of each battery unit.
In some embodiments, the battery cell includes a positive electrode sheet including a positive electrode active material including at least one of lithium iron phosphate or lithium manganese iron phosphate.
According to a second aspect of some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides an electronic device, including a battery module according to any one of the above embodiments.
The battery module disclosed by the embodiment of the application can be used for electronic devices such as energy storage, vehicles, ships or aircrafts, but is not limited to the battery module. The power supply system with the battery unit or the battery module and the like can be used for forming the electronic device, so that the cruising ability of the electronic device is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present application, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present application in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.
[ Description of the drawings ]
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to scale, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a battery module according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 is a graph illustrating a relationship between pressure and expansion difference of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the application.
In the figure:
10. A battery unit; 11. a positive electrode sheet; 111. a positive electrode active material layer; 12. a separation film; 13. a negative electrode plate; 131. a negative electrode active material layer;
20. a buffer member; 20a, a first cushioning member; 20b, a second cushioning member; 20c, a third cushioning member;
30. a housing; 31. a bottom plate; 32. a side plate; 33. a limit groove;
100. A first gradient interval;
200. a second gradient interval;
300. And a third gradient interval.
[ Detailed description ] of the invention
In order that the application may be readily understood, a more particular description thereof will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" to/mounted on "another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in this specification for descriptive purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with one another as long as they do not conflict with one another. The term "plurality" in each embodiment of the present application means two or more; "a number" to more than one.
In this specification, the term "mounting" includes welding, screwing, clamping, adhering, etc. to fix or limit a certain element or device to a specific position or place, where the element or device may be fixed or limited to be removable or not removable, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells 10 and a plurality of buffers 20, wherein the plurality of battery cells 10 are stacked along the gravity direction, and the buffers 20 are disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10. Along the gravity direction, the thickness of the outermost buffer member of the battery module is smaller than that of the innermost buffer member of the battery module. It should be noted that, along the gravity direction, the inner side is a portion of the battery module in fig. 1, which is close to the upper layer, and the outer side is a portion of the battery module in fig. 1, which is close to the lower layer.
For the above-mentioned battery unit 10, the battery unit 10 is the smallest unit that constitutes a battery or a battery module, and is a place for specifically implementing electric energy and chemical energy conversion, and a plurality of battery units 10 may be combined in a serial, parallel or series-parallel manner to form a battery or a battery module. Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of battery cells 10 are stacked along the G direction in fig. 1, and the plurality of battery cells 10 are connected to each other in a manner including, but not limited to, the above-mentioned series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection, it should be noted that the G direction in fig. 1 may be the thickness direction of the battery cells 10, and also the gravity direction.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows the internal structure of a battery cell 10, and the battery cell 10 includes a positive electrode tab 11, a separator 12, and a negative electrode tab 13, with the positive electrode tab 11, the separator 12, and the negative electrode tab 13 being stacked and wound. The positive electrode tab 11 is coated with a positive electrode active material layer 111, and the negative electrode tab 13 is coated with a negative electrode active material layer 131. Both types of active material layers typically include a conductive agent, a dispersant, a binder, and the like. As the anode active material layer 131, an anode active material such as hard carbon, soft carbon, graphite, lithium metal, silicon carbon silicon oxide, or lithium titanate may be selected. For the positive electrode active material layer 111, some common positive electrode active materials may be used, for example: the positive electrode active material layer 111 may be selected from one or more of the above positive electrode active materials, such as lithium cobaltate, lithium-rich manganese base, lithium iron phosphate, nickel cobalt manganese ternary, lithium manganate, polyanion compound, prussian blue, and the like. As the positive electrode active material layer 111 and the negative electrode active material layer 131 of the battery cell 10 intercalate or deintercalate ions in the charge-discharge cycle, the positive electrode tab 11 and the negative electrode tab 13 of the battery cell 10 may expand outward, and an expansion space may be reserved for the battery cell 10 in order to alleviate the expansion of the battery cell 10. Because the battery cell 10 of the lithium iron phosphate system has a low energy density, the energy density can be increased as a whole by reducing the partial expansion space of the battery module.
For the above-mentioned buffer member 20, referring to fig. 1, the buffer member 20 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 10, and the buffer member 20 is configured to compress when the battery cells 10 expand to provide expansion space and buffer force for the battery cells 10. Cushioning member 20 may be foam, and in other embodiments cushioning member 20 may be other flexible members having a cushioning function.
The plurality of battery units 10 are horizontally stacked along the thickness direction to ensure that the state of each battery unit 10 is consistent, however, the battery units 10 are horizontally stacked along the thickness direction, so that the battery units 10 are not stressed in the use process, and the reserved space between the battery units 10 is also a fixed value. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the battery units 10 may be vertically stacked along the thickness direction thereof, that is, the stacking direction is parallel to the gravity direction, and the battery unit 10 near the lower layer (outer side) is pressed by the gravity of the battery unit 10 near the upper layer (inner side), and since the upper surface areas of the battery units 10 are the same and are all fixed values, the pressures of the battery units 10 are different, the pressure of the battery unit 10 at the lower layer is higher, and the expansion of the battery unit 10 at the lower layer is smaller, so that the partial expansion space of the battery unit 10 at the lower layer, that is, the thickness of the buffer member 20 is reduced, so as to improve the energy density of the battery module.
In consideration of the pressure non-uniformity of each battery cell 10, the expansion of each battery cell 10 may be different, and thus, the buffer 20 having different thickness may be used. For example, the lower cell 10 is subjected to the greatest pressure and expands less, and the lower cell 10 may employ a buffer member 20 having a smaller thickness; while the upper cell 10 is subjected to a small pressure and expands more, so that a buffer member 20 having a large thickness can be used.
In the direction of gravity, the pressure to which each cell 10 is subjected also gradually increases, and the expansion gradually decreases among the plurality of cells 10, and thus, in some embodiments, the thickness of the plurality of buffers 20 gradually decreases in the direction of gravity, as shown in fig. 1. The thickness of the buffer member 20 is formulated according to the pressure or the pressure received by each battery cell 10, so that the space of the battery module can be sufficiently saved, thereby improving the energy density of the battery module.
Since the expansion of the lower layer of cells 10 is smaller, the partial expansion space is correspondingly reduced, and the partial expansion space can also be directly utilized by the cells 10, i.e., the lower layer can employ cells 10 with larger thickness, while the upper layer employs cells 10 with smaller thickness, so that in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the thickness of the plurality of cells 10 gradually increases along the direction of gravity. By increasing the thickness of a portion of the battery cells 10, accordingly, the energy density of the battery module can be improved. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the thickness of the lower buffer member 20 can be reduced and the thickness of the lower battery cell 10 can be increased at the same time, so as to fully utilize the reduced partial expansion space.
When the mass of the battery cells 10 is small, the pressure difference between the adjacent two battery cells 10 is also small along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery cells 10, for example, the mass of the battery cells 10 may be 0.5kg to 1.5kg, the pressure difference between the adjacent two battery cells 10 is 4.9N to 14.7N along the gravitational direction, the pressure difference between the adjacent two battery cells 10 is small, and the small pressure difference has a small influence on the expansion of the battery cells 10. Therefore, in the implementation, along the gravity direction, a plurality of gradient sections may be set according to the thickness of the buffer member 20, each gradient section includes a plurality of buffer members therein, the thickness of the buffer member 20 located in the same gradient section may be set to be the same, or the thickness difference of each buffer member 20 in the same gradient section is 0mm to 0.1mm. In this embodiment, by setting the gradient interval, the thickness specification of the buffer member 20 can be reduced correspondingly, and the buffer member 20 in the same interval can be mass-produced by the same production process, so as to improve the production efficiency. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the same thickness specification refers to the buffer members 20 with the thickness difference between 0mm and 0.1mm, and the buffer members 20 with the same specification are manufactured by the same manufacturing process, and due to the manufacturing error, the buffer members 20 with the same specification have smaller thickness difference.
In general, the number of battery cells 10 in each gradient section is the same, and the thicknesses of the plurality of gradient sections gradually decrease in the direction of gravity. Specifically, the number of gradient sections is two, and the thickness difference of the buffer member 20 in the adjacent two gradient sections is 0.2mm to 0.3mm or 0.4mm to 0.6mm. Or as shown in fig. 4, the number of gradient intervals is three, namely a first gradient interval 100, a second gradient interval 200 and a third gradient interval 300, and the thickness difference of the buffer piece 20 in two adjacent gradient intervals is 0.15-0.25 mm or 0.3-0.5 mm. The number of gradient sections may be set according to specific practical situations, and is not limited to two or three in the present embodiment, but may be set to four, five or more gradient sections when the number of battery cells 10 is large. The thickness difference of the buffer members 20 in the two adjacent gradient sections can be set correspondingly according to specific conditions, and the thickness difference is not limited to 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, 0.15 mm-0.25 mm or 0.3 mm-0.5 mm in the embodiment; for example, when the mass of the battery cell 10 is large, the thickness difference may be increased accordingly. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the number of battery cells 10 in each gradient section may be different or partially the same.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to facilitate the production of the cushioning members 20, a plurality of cushioning members 20 having a smaller thickness may be laminated together to form cushioning members 20 having a larger thickness, that is, cushioning members 20 having different thicknesses, wherein cushioning members 20 having a larger thickness are laminated by a plurality of cushioning members 20 having a smaller thickness. In other embodiments, the battery module is divided into a plurality of gradient sections, specifically, taking three gradient sections as an example, a first buffer 20a is disposed in the first gradient section 100, a second buffer 20b is disposed in the second gradient section 200, and a third buffer 20c is disposed in the third gradient section, where the second buffer 20b is formed by stacking two first buffers 20a, and the third buffer 20c is formed by stacking three first buffers 20 a. The buffer pieces 20 in each gradient interval can be produced in batches by adopting the same production process, and the thickness of the buffer pieces 20 is increased in a lamination mode, so that the production efficiency can be effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 6, after the stacking of the battery units 10 is completed, the battery units may be placed in the case 30, the case 30 includes a bottom plate 31 and side plates 32, the side plates 32 are mounted on the bottom plate 31, the side plates 32 may be two, and the two side plates 32 are disposed opposite to each other. The bottom plate 31 and the side plate 32 together enclose a housing cavity, the plurality of battery units 10 and the plurality of buffers 20 are housed in the housing cavity, and the plurality of battery units 10 and the plurality of buffers 20 are carried on the bottom plate 31, and the stacking direction of the plurality of battery units 10 is the direction from the housing cavity to the bottom plate 31. When the plurality of battery cells 10 and the plurality of buffers 20 are supported on the bottom plate 31, the lower battery cells 10 and the buffers 20 are subjected to a larger pressure by gravity, and the lower battery cells 10 expand less, i.e. the thickness of the buffers 20 is smaller. In other embodiments, the surface of the side plate 32 facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 33, and one battery unit 10 may be correspondingly disposed in one limiting groove 33, so as to facilitate positioning and installation of each battery unit 10.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 shows the relationship between the pressure applied to the battery unit 10 and the expansion difference, wherein the dotted line portion is a non-pressurized circulation curve, and the solid line portion is a pressurized 60kg circulation curve. Taking the conventional lithium iron phosphate system battery cell 10 as an example, the energy density of the battery module can be improved by providing the buffer members 20 with different thickness dimensions.
Specifically, taking the following battery cell 10 as an example, the mass of the battery cell 10 is about 0.9kg, and the battery cell 10 is a flexible package battery cell 10, the size of which is: the specific dimensions of the cell 10 are measured by a screw micrometer or other dimensional measuring tool, 147mm long, 100mm wide and 15.7mm thick. Because the edge of the battery cell 10 has an arc structure, the actual width of the battery cell 10 is 100-15.7=84.3 mm, the upper surface area is 12392mm 2, the pressure applied to the battery cell 10 is 4.8kPa according to the pressure calculation formula, as shown in fig. 7, after 800 cycles, the expansion difference of the battery cell 10 is 1.5%, and the expansion difference is converted into 3.2 kPa/1%.
Taking fifteen battery cells 10 stacked in sequence as an example, the expansion difference between the uppermost battery cell 10 and the lowermost battery cell 10 is calculated based on the battery module, the pressure to which the lowermost battery cell 10 is subjected is about 0.9× (15-1) =12.6 kg, that is, the pressure difference to which the lowermost battery cell 10 and the uppermost battery cell 10 are subjected is 1kPa, the battery thickness is 15.7mm, and the expansion difference is 0.47mm.
According to the calculation process, it can be deduced that, along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery units 10, the difference ΔD between the thickness of the buffer member close to the outer side of the battery module and the thickness of the buffer member close to the inner side of the battery module satisfies 0< ΔD (P 1-P2) D/320, wherein the thickness of the battery unit is D mm, the pressure exerted by the buffer member far from the outer side of the battery module is P 1 kPa, and the pressure exerted by the buffer member close to the outer side of the battery module is P 2 kPa. According to the expansion difference of the battery cells, the expansion space of the lower battery cell 10 can be correspondingly reduced, namely, the thickness of the buffer member can be reduced, so that the energy density of the battery module can be effectively improved.
If the battery module is three gradient sections, the thickness of the buffer 20 of base+0.2 (M-1) can be selected, where base is the thickness of the buffer at the bottom layer, M is the M-th gradient section along the stacking direction of the plurality of battery cells 10, and M takes a value of 1,2 or 3. The total thickness of the battery module was reduced by 0.4×4+0.2×4=2.4 mm, the total thickness was 15.7×15+base×14=249.5 mm, and base=1 mm, the energy density was improved by about 1%.
In the embodiment of the application, the plurality of battery units 10 are stacked along the gravity direction, the lower battery unit 10 is pressed by the gravity of the upper battery unit 10, the lower battery unit 10 is pressed by a larger pressure and expands less, so that the partial expansion space of the lower battery unit 10 can be reduced, namely the thickness of the buffer piece 20 is reduced, the thickness of the buffer piece 20 is gradually reduced along the gravity direction, the thickness of the buffer piece 20 is formulated according to the pressure or the pressure of each battery unit 10, the material cost of the buffer piece 20 can be reduced, the space of a battery module can be fully saved, and the energy density of the battery module can be improved; in addition, by setting the gradient intervals, the thicknesses of the buffer pieces 20 in the same gradient interval can be set to be the same, or the thickness difference of the buffer pieces 20 in the same gradient interval is 0 mm-0.1 mm, so that the thickness specification of the buffer pieces 20 can be correspondingly reduced, and the buffer pieces 20 in the same interval can be produced in batches by adopting the same production process, thereby improving the production efficiency; in addition, the buffer piece 20 with larger thickness can be formed by stacking a plurality of buffer pieces 20 with smaller thickness, and the thickness of the buffer piece 20 is increased in a stacking manner, so that the buffer pieces 20 in each gradient interval can be produced in batches by adopting the same production process, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
In the present application, the thickness of the buffer member 20 may be recovered by taking the buffer member 20 out of the battery module and then standing for 24 hours, and then measuring the thickness using a dimension measuring instrument such as a micrometer.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electronic device comprising the battery module according to any one of the embodiments.
The battery module disclosed by the embodiment of the application can be used in electronic devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts, but is not limited to the use. The power supply system comprising the battery unit 10 or the battery module and the like disclosed by the application can be used for forming the electronic device, so that the cruising ability of the electronic device is improved.
The electronic device using the battery module as the power supply provided by the embodiment of the application can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the application, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The battery module comprises a plurality of battery units and a plurality of buffer pieces, wherein the battery units are stacked along the gravity direction, and the buffer pieces are arranged between two adjacent battery units;
Along the gravity direction, the inner side is a part of the battery module close to the upper layer, and the outer side is a part of the battery module close to the lower layer.
2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the buffer member decreases in sequence in the direction of gravity.
3. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the gravitational direction is a thickness direction of the battery cell.
4. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the battery cell is D mm in the gravity direction, the pressure to which the buffer member is subjected near the outside of the battery module is P 1 kPa, the pressure to which the buffer member is subjected far from the outside of the battery module is P 2 kPa, and the difference between the thickness of the buffer member near the outside of the battery module and the thickness of the buffer member far from the outside of the battery module is Δd,0< Δd + (P 1-P2) D/320.
5. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the buffer member includes a plurality of gradient sections along the gravity direction, and the difference in thickness of the buffer member within the same gradient section is 0mm to 0.1mm.
6. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein among the cushioning members having different thicknesses, the cushioning member having a larger thickness is formed by stacking a plurality of cushioning members having smaller thicknesses.
7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a case;
The shell comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, wherein the side plate is arranged on the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the side plate jointly enclose into an accommodating cavity, the plurality of battery units and the plurality of buffer pieces are accommodated in the accommodating cavity, the plurality of battery units and the plurality of buffer pieces are borne on the bottom plate, and the accommodating cavity faces the direction of the bottom plate and is the stacking direction of the plurality of battery units.
8. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein a surface of the side plate facing the receiving cavity is provided with a plurality of limit grooves.
9. The battery module of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the battery cell comprises a positive electrode sheet comprising a positive electrode active material comprising at least one of lithium iron phosphate or lithium manganese iron phosphate.
10. An electronic device comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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