CN115954570A - Battery cell, battery and consumer - Google Patents
Battery cell, battery and consumer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115954570A CN115954570A CN202310220845.0A CN202310220845A CN115954570A CN 115954570 A CN115954570 A CN 115954570A CN 202310220845 A CN202310220845 A CN 202310220845A CN 115954570 A CN115954570 A CN 115954570A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The application discloses battery monomer, battery and consumer. The battery cell includes a case, an electrode assembly, and a pressure detection unit. The electrode assembly is disposed inside the case. The pressure detection unit is disposed inside the case between the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the case. Wherein, the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure sensor; and/or the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure and temperature sensor. The technical scheme provided by the application can improve the reliability of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a single battery, a battery and electric equipment.
Background
Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key points of sustainable development of the automobile industry, and electric vehicles become important components of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. For electric vehicles, battery technology is an important factor in its development.
In the development of battery technology, how to improve the reliability of a battery is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the battery technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a battery monomer, battery and consumer, it can improve the reliability of battery.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a battery cell including a case, an electrode assembly, and a pressure detection unit. An electrode assembly is disposed inside the case. The pressure detection unit is disposed inside the case between the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the case. Wherein the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure sensor; and/or the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure and temperature sensor.
In the above scheme, the pressure detection unit is arranged in the shell and located between the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the shell, and the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, so that the expansion force generated in the single battery can be accurately acquired, the early warning accuracy of the battery on thermal runaway can be improved, and the battery has higher reliability. In some embodiments, when the pressure detection unit is a film pressure sensor, the film pressure sensor is disposed between the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the housing, so that on one hand, the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, the expansion force generated inside the battery cell can be accurately obtained, and the accuracy of the battery for early warning of thermal runaway can be improved; on the other hand, the film-type pressure sensor is a surface-distributed pressure sensor, and has a larger detection area compared with a single-point pressure sensor, that is, a plurality of pressure detection points are arranged in a unit area, so that the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, and the battery has higher reliability; on the other hand, the film type pressure sensor is in a film type, the flatness of the film type pressure sensor is high, the influence of single-point overvoltage and the like on an electrode assembly due to the implantation of foreign matters such as the sensor and the like can be reduced, and the battery has high reliability. When the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure and temperature sensor, the film type pressure and temperature sensor is arranged between the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the shell, on one hand, the pressure state and the temperature state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, so that the expansion force generated in the single battery and the temperature in the single battery can be accurately acquired, and the accuracy of the battery for early warning thermal runaway can be improved; on the other hand, the component for detecting pressure in the film type pressure and temperature sensor is a surface distribution type pressure sensor, and compared with a single-point type pressure sensor, the surface distribution type pressure and temperature sensor has a larger detection area, namely a plurality of pressure detection points are arranged in a unit area, so that the pressure state of an electrode assembly can be effectively detected, and the battery has higher reliability; on the other hand, the film type pressure and temperature sensor is in a film type, the flatness of the film type pressure and temperature sensor is high, the influence of single-point overvoltage and the like on an electrode assembly due to the implantation of foreign matters such as the sensor and the like can be reduced, and the battery has high reliability.
According to some embodiments of the application, the pressure detecting unit is sheet-shaped.
Above-mentioned scheme, pressure detection unit are the slice, on the one hand, can with the laminating of electrode subassembly to effectual detection electrode subassembly's pressure state, on the other hand, its surface smoothness is high, can reduce because the single-point excessive pressure that foreign matter such as sensor implanted and caused electrode subassembly influences, and then make battery monomer have higher reliability.
According to some embodiments of the application, the pressure detection range of the pressure detection unit is P, P is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10MPa, and the detection precision is not less than 10kPa; and/or the number of detection point positions per unit area of the pressure detection unit is A, and the condition that A is more than or equal to 4 points/cm is met 2 。
In the above scheme, in some embodiments, when thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the internal expansion force of the battery cell may be 10Mpa, and therefore, the pressure detection range P of the pressure detection unit is set to be between 0Mpa and 10Mpa to meet the actual situation, thereby saving additional cost caused by selecting a pressure detection unit with an excessively large pressure detection range. Meanwhile, to secure the accuracy of the detection, the pressure detection unit may be set to not less than 10kPa. In some embodiments, the number a of the detection point locations per unit area of the pressure detection unit is set to be greater than or equal to 4 points per square centimeter, so that the accuracy of detecting the pressure per unit area of the electrode assembly is improved, the pressure state of the electrode assembly is better detected, and the battery has higher reliability.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly is a winding type structure, an outer surface of the electrode assembly parallel to a winding axis is an outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly, and the pressure detecting unit is located between the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly and an inner surface of the case.
In the above scheme, the electrode assembly is of a winding structure, that is, the electrode sheet and the separator are wound along the winding axis to form the electrode assembly. In the process of charging and discharging of the single battery, the part of the electrode assembly, which expands, is mainly the outer peripheral surface of the electrode assembly, therefore, the pressure detection unit is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the shell, the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, the expansion force generated in the single battery can be accurately acquired, and the accuracy of early warning of thermal runaway of the battery can be improved.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly is flat, and the outer circumferential surface includes two first surfaces oppositely disposed in a thickness direction of the electrode assembly, two second surfaces oppositely disposed in a width direction of the electrode assembly, and a bending surface connecting the first surfaces and the second surfaces; the pressure detection unit is located between the first surface and a corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing; and/or the pressure detection unit is positioned between the second surface and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the shell; and/or the pressure detection unit is positioned between the bending surface and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the shell.
In the above scheme, the electrode assembly is flat, the first surface is a surface with a larger area of the electrode assembly, the second surface is a surface with a smaller area of the electrode assembly, and the bending surface is a part connecting the first surface and the second surface. The pressure detection unit is arranged corresponding to at least one of the first surface, the second surface and the bending surface so as to effectively detect the pressure state of each part of the electrode assembly, for example, the part of the electrode assembly, which expands during the charging and discharging process of the battery unit, is mainly the first surface.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly is of a laminated structure, the electrode assembly includes two third surfaces opposite in a pole piece stacking direction, and the pressure detecting unit is located between the third surfaces and corresponding adjacent inner surfaces of the case.
In the above scheme, the electrode assembly is of a laminated structure, that is, the electrode sheet and the diaphragm are laminated to form the electrode assembly. The third surface is a surface in the stacking direction, and the third surface is a surface of the electrode assembly having a large area. In the process of charging and discharging the battery monomer, the part of the electrode assembly, which expands, is mainly the third surface, therefore, the pressure detection unit is arranged between the third surface and the inner surface of the shell, the pressure state of the part, which is most easily expanded, of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, and compared with the scheme that the pressure detection unit is arranged between the whole surface (the third surface and the surface, parallel to the lamination direction of the pole pieces, of the electrode assembly) of the electrode assembly and the surface of the shell, the cost of the pressure detection unit can be saved under the condition that the accuracy of early warning of battery thermal runaway can be improved, and the manufacturing cost of the battery is further reduced.
According to some embodiments of the application, a wall of the housing is provided with a through hole. The battery monomer still includes the cable, the one end of cable is connected pressure detecting element, the other end of cable by the through-hole is worn out the shell. Or, the pressure detection unit comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is used for transmitting the pressure signal.
Among the above-mentioned scheme, in some embodiments, set up the through-hole through the wall portion at the shell, draw out the cable outside the shell, on the one hand, for the pressure detection unit provides the electric energy, on the other hand, the pressure signal that the pressure detection unit of being convenient for will detect and obtain outwards transmits, and then realizes that the battery carries out the early warning to thermal runaway. In other embodiments, the pressure detection unit can transmit the pressure signal to the outside through the wireless communication module without arranging a through hole on the wall of the shell, so that the battery can be pre-tightened on thermal runaway.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the housing includes a shell having an opening and an end cap closing the opening. Wherein the through hole is provided in the end cap.
In the scheme, the cable is led out from the through hole in the end cover, so that on one hand, compared with the scheme that the cable is led out from the side wall of the shell, the risk that the cable is corroded due to the fact that the cable is soaked by electrolyte can be reduced; on the other hand, when a plurality of battery cells form a battery in a group, the cable is led out from the end cover, and compared with the scheme that the cable is led out from the side wall of the shell, the risk that at least the cable is damaged by extrusion force due to mutual extrusion of adjacent battery cells can be reduced; in a further aspect, the end cap is generally the part of the housing furthest from the ground, and for this reason, the provision of the through-hole in the end cap reduces the risk of electrolyte leaking from the region between the end cap and the cable.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery further comprises a sealing member disposed at the through hole to fill a gap between the cable and the through hole.
In the above scheme, the sealing element is filled in the gap between the cable and the through hole, so that the risk that electrolyte in the battery unit leaks from the position between the cable and the through hole can be effectively reduced.
According to some embodiments of the application, the battery cell further includes a strapping configured to strap the pressure detection unit to the electrode assembly.
In the above scheme, the pressure detection unit is bundled on the electrode assembly through the bundling piece, so that the pressure detection unit can be stably attached to the electrode assembly, on one hand, the risk that the pressure detection unit falls off from the electrode assembly can be reduced, and on the other hand, the pressure detection unit is attached to the electrode assembly, so that the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, the expansion force generated inside a battery cell can be accurately acquired, the early warning accuracy of the battery on thermal runaway can be improved, and the battery has high reliability.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell further includes an adhesive member between the pressure detection unit and the electrode assembly, the pressure detection unit being connected with the electrode assembly through the adhesive member.
In the above scheme, the pressure detection unit is connected with the electrode assembly through the bonding piece, so that the pressure detection unit and the electrode assembly have higher connection stability, the risk that the pressure detection unit falls off from the electrode assembly is reduced, the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, and the battery has higher reliability.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a battery including the battery cell of any one of the first aspects.
According to some embodiments of the subject application, the battery further comprises a control device in communication with the pressure detection unit.
In the above solution, the control device may receive the pressure signal transmitted by the pressure detection unit, and perform calculation and judgment through preset program software to perform corresponding processing on the battery, such as cutting off an internal circuit of the battery.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electric device, including the battery cell of any one of the first aspect; and/or, a battery according to the second aspect.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the following detailed description of the present application is given in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understandable.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly and pressure sensing unit in some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly, a pressure sensor, and a strapping in accordance with certain embodiments of the present application;
fig. 10 is a graph of cell pressure distribution in some embodiments of the present application.
Icon: 10-a battery cell; 11-a housing; 110-a via; 111-a housing; 112-an end cap; 12-an electrode assembly; 120-a first surface; 121-a second surface; 122-a bending plane; 13-a pressure detection unit; 14-a cable; 15-a binding; 16-an electrode terminal; x-thickness direction; y-width direction;
1000-a vehicle; 100-a battery; 200-a controller; 300-a motor; 30-a box body; 31-upper box body; 32-lower box.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the foregoing drawings are used for distinguishing between different elements and not for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "attached" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
The term "and/or" in this application is only one kind of association relationship describing the associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the embodiments of the present application, like reference numerals denote like parts, and a detailed description of the same parts is omitted in different embodiments for the sake of brevity. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the present application and the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.
The appearances of "a plurality" in this application are intended to mean more than two (including two).
In this application, the battery cell may include a lithium ion secondary battery cell, a lithium ion primary battery cell, a lithium sulfur battery cell, a sodium lithium ion battery cell, a sodium ion battery cell, or a magnesium ion battery cell, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The battery cell may be a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
Reference to a battery in embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
The battery cell includes a case, an electrode assembly, and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly and electrolyte are disposed within the housing. The electrode assembly consists of a positive plate, a negative plate and a separation film. The battery cell mainly depends on metal ions moving between the positive plate and the negative plate to work. The positive plate comprises a positive current collector and a positive active substance layer, wherein the positive active substance layer is coated on the surface of the positive current collector, the positive current collector which is not coated with the positive active substance layer protrudes out of the positive current collector which is coated with the positive active substance layer, and the positive current collector which is not coated with the positive active substance layer is used as a positive lug. Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate, or the like. The negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative active substance layer, the negative active substance layer is coated on the surface of the negative current collector, the negative current collector which is not coated with the negative active substance layer protrudes out of the negative current collector which is coated with the negative active substance layer, and the negative current collector which is not coated with the negative active substance layer is used as a negative tab. The material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon, silicon, or the like. In order to ensure that the fuse is not fused when a large current is passed, a plurality of positive electrode tabs are stacked, and a plurality of negative electrode tabs are stacked. In addition, the electrode assembly may have a winding structure or a lamination structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can avoid liquid or other foreign matters to influence the charging or discharging of battery monomer.
At present, the application of the battery is more and more extensive from the development of market situation. The battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles and the like, and a plurality of fields such as military equipment and aerospace. With the ever-expanding application field of batteries, the market demand is also increasing.
The development of battery technology needs to consider various design factors, such as battery life, energy density, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate and other performance parameters. In addition, the reliability of the battery needs to be considered. However, the reliability of the current batteries is poor.
Generally, a Battery includes a pressure sensor disposed in a case, the pressure sensor is disposed between adjacent Battery cells or between a wall surface of the case and the Battery cells to detect an expansion force of the Battery cells, and a detected pressure signal is transmitted to a Battery Management System (BMS), and the Battery Management System performs a corresponding strategy based on the received pressure signal, such as a thermal runaway warning. However, the thermal runaway early warning lag or inaccurate early warning problem occurs to the battery, which is caused by the fact that the pressure sensor is disposed outside the battery cell and the pressure is borne by the housing of the battery cell, so that the pressure sensor cannot effectively detect the expansion force inside the battery cell, and thus cannot provide an accurate pressure signal for the battery management system, which causes the thermal runaway early warning lag or inaccurate early warning problem to occur to the battery, and further causes the reliability of the battery to be low.
In view of this, in order to solve the problem that the internal expansion force of the battery cell cannot be effectively detected, which results in the occurrence of a thermal runaway early warning lag or inaccurate early warning, and thus the reliability of the battery is low, some embodiments of the present application design a battery cell, in which a pressure detection unit is built in the battery cell, that is, the pressure detection unit is disposed in a housing of the battery cell and located between an electrode assembly and an inner surface of the housing, so as to effectively and accurately detect the internal expansion force of the battery cell.
In the above scheme, the pressure detection unit is arranged in the shell and located between the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the shell, and the pressure state of the electrode assembly can be effectively detected, so that the expansion force generated in the single battery can be accurately acquired, the early warning accuracy of the battery on thermal runaway can be improved, and the battery has higher reliability.
The technical scheme described in the embodiment of the application is suitable for the battery and the electric equipment using the battery.
The electric equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable equipment, notebook computers, ships, spacecrafts, electric toys, electric tools and the like. Spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, among others; electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, and the like; the electric power tools include metal cutting electric power tools, grinding electric power tools, assembly electric power tools, and electric power tools for railways, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, electric impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the above-mentioned electric devices.
For convenience of description, the following embodiments will be described by taking an electric device as the vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile may be a pure electric automobile, a hybrid electric automobile, or an extended range automobile, etc. The battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operation power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigation, and operational power requirements while the vehicle 1000 is traveling.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 may be used not only as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source of the vehicle 1000, instead of or in part of fuel or natural gas, to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery 100 includes a case 30 and a battery cell 10, and the battery cell 10 is accommodated in the case 30. The case 30 is used to provide a receiving space for the battery cell 10, and the case 30 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 30 may include an upper case 31 and a lower case 32, the upper case 31 and the lower case 32 cover each other, and the upper case 31 and the lower case 32 jointly define a receiving space for receiving the battery cell 10. The lower box body 32 can be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, the upper box body 31 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the upper box body 31 covers the opening side of the lower box body 32, so that the upper box body 31 and the lower box body 32 jointly define an accommodating space; the upper case 31 and the lower case 32 may be both hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the upper case 31 may cover the open side of the lower case 32. Of course, the casing 30 formed by the upper casing 31 and the lower casing 32 may have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, and the like.
In the battery 100, the number of the battery cells 10 may be multiple, and the multiple battery cells 10 may be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, where in series-parallel refers to that the multiple battery cells 10 are connected in series or in parallel. The plurality of single batteries 10 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and the whole formed by the plurality of single batteries 10 is accommodated in the box body 30; of course, the battery 100 may also be formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 10 in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a battery module, and then connecting a plurality of battery modules in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a whole, and accommodating the whole in the case 30. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a bus member for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 10.
Wherein, each battery cell 10 may be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; but not limited thereto, a lithium sulfur battery cell, a sodium ion battery cell, or a magnesium ion battery cell may also be used. The battery cell 10 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure,base:Sub>A battery cell 10 is provided, please refer to fig. 3 to 6, fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A perspective view of the battery cell 10 in some embodiments of the present disclosure, fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic view of the battery cell 10 in some embodiments of the present disclosure, fig. 5 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken alongbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 4, and fig. 6 is an enlarged view taken along B in fig. 5.
The battery cell 10 includes a case 11, an electrode assembly 12, and a pressure detection unit 13. The electrode assembly 12 is disposed inside the case 11. The pressure detection unit 13 is disposed inside the case 11 between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11. Wherein, the pressure detection unit 13 is a film type pressure sensor; and/or, the pressure detecting unit 13 is a film type pressure and temperature sensor.
The film type pressure sensor is in a film shape, can be made of flexible materials, can be bent and folded, and has good flatness. The shape, size and precision of the film type pressure sensor can be adjusted according to detection requirements. The film type pressure sensor can detect position information, pressure distribution information and pressure size information.
In some embodiments, due to the manufacturing process, the edge of the thin film pressure sensor has a package structure, so that the effective detection area of the thin film pressure sensor is smaller than the whole area of the thin film pressure sensor, and for this reason, in order to improve the detection effectiveness, in some embodiments, the effective detection area of the thin film pressure sensor is limited, for example, the effective detection area occupies 80% or more of the whole area of the thin film pressure sensor.
In some embodiments, the thin film pressure sensor is also referred to as a surface distributed pressure sensor, i.e., an array surface distributed sensor is formed by a combination of single point sensors. The area distributed pressure sensor may also be referred to as a multipoint detection pressure sensor, and the detection point in a unit area (for example, square centimeter) of the area distributed pressure sensor may be multiple, for example, two, three, four, or five, etc.
The thin film type pressure and temperature sensor is added with temperature detection on the basis of the thin film type pressure sensor, so that when the internal expansion force of the battery single body 10 is detected, the internal temperature of the battery single body 10 can be obtained. In some embodiments, the temperature detection range of the film-type pressure and temperature sensor can be 0 to 100 degrees centigrade, and the measurement accuracy is not lower than 0.01 ℃.
In some embodiments, the pressure detecting unit 13 may be a thin film type pressure sensor. In other embodiments, the pressure detection unit 13 may be a film-type pressure and temperature sensor. In other embodiments, the pressure detecting unit 13 may be a film type pressure sensor and a film type pressure and temperature sensor.
The case 11 is a member that houses the electrode assembly 12, and the material of the case 11 may be aluminum, aluminum alloy steel, or the like. The housing 11 may be a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, etc. In some embodiments, the material of the casing 11 may also be an aluminum plastic film or other film packaging material, and the battery cell 10 may be a pouch battery cell 10. In some embodiments, the housing 11 may include a shell 111 and an end cap 112. The housing 111 has a hollow structure, and the housing 111 has an opening. The electrode assembly 12 is disposed inside the case 111. An end cap 112 closes the opening of the housing 111, and the end cap 112 may be welded, riveted, or otherwise connected to the housing 111. The battery cell 10 also includes an electrolyte disposed inside the case 111. In the battery cell 10, the number of the electrode assemblies 12 may be one, two, or more. The battery cell 10 further includes an electrode terminal 16, the electrode terminal 16 may be disposed on a wall portion of the case 11, for example, the electrode terminal 16 may be disposed on the end cap 112, and the electrode terminal 16 is connected to a tab of the electrode assembly 12 located inside the case 11 to realize input and output of electrical energy.
The inner surface of the can 11 refers to the surface of the can 11 located inside the can 11, and the inner surface of the can 11 is the surface of the can 11 closer to the electrode assembly 12.
The electrode assembly 12 is composed of a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator. The battery cell 10 operates by primarily relying on metal ions to move between the positive and negative plates.
The pressure detecting unit 13 is a member disposed between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11. In some embodiments, the pressure detection unit 13 may be disposed on the electrode assembly 12. In other embodiments, the pressure detection unit 13 may be disposed on an inner surface of the housing 11. In other embodiments, the pressure sensing unit 13 may be disposed at a position between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11.
The pressure detecting unit 13 is used for detecting the pressure inside the single battery 10, for example, during the charging and discharging processes of the single battery 10, the electrode assembly 12 expands due to the increase of the thickness of the electrode plate caused by the insertion of lithium ions into the layered material, and the pressure detecting unit 13 can detect the expansion force of the electrode assembly 12 in real time. For another example, during the charging and discharging processes of the single battery 10, due to the electrochemical reaction, waste gas may be generated in the single battery 10, and the pressure detecting unit 13 may detect the expansion force generated in the single battery 10 due to the waste gas in real time; or, for example, during the charging and discharging of the battery cell 10, due to the electrochemical reaction, exhaust gas may be generated in the battery cell 10, and lithium ions may be intercalated into the layered material to increase the thickness of the electrode plate, so that the pressure detecting unit 13 may detect the expansion force generated by the exhaust gas and the expansion force of the electrode assembly 12 in the battery cell 10 in real time.
In the above solution, the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed inside the case 11 and located between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11, and can effectively detect the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12, so as to accurately obtain the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10, and further improve the accuracy of the battery 100 in performing the early warning on the thermal runaway, so that the battery 100 has higher reliability. When the pressure detection unit 13 is a film pressure sensor, the film pressure sensor is disposed between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11, so that on one hand, the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected, the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10 can be accurately obtained, and the accuracy of the battery 100 for early warning of thermal runaway can be improved; on the other hand, the thin film pressure sensor may be a surface distribution type pressure sensor, which has a larger detection area than a single-point pressure sensor, that is, a plurality of pressure detection points per unit area, and thus can effectively detect the pressure state of each part of the electrode assembly 12, so that the battery 100 has higher reliability; on the other hand, the film type pressure sensor is a film type pressure sensor, which has high flatness, and can reduce the influence of single-point overpressure and the like on the electrode assembly 12 due to the implantation of foreign matters such as a sensor and the like, so that the battery 100 has high reliability. When the pressure detection unit 13 is a film-type pressure and temperature sensor, the film-type pressure and temperature sensor is disposed between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11, on one hand, the pressure state and the temperature state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected, so that the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10 and the temperature inside the battery cell 10 can be accurately obtained, and the accuracy of the battery 100 in performing early warning on thermal runaway can be improved; on the other hand, the thin film type pressure and temperature sensor has a surface distribution type pressure sensor as a component for detecting pressure, which has a larger detection area than a single-point type pressure sensor, that is, has a plurality of pressure detection points per unit area, and thus can effectively detect the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12, so that the battery 100 has higher reliability; on the other hand, the film type pressure and temperature sensor is a film type, and has high flatness, so that the influence of single-point overvoltage and the like on the electrode assembly 12 due to the implantation of foreign matters such as a sensor and the like can be reduced, and the battery 100 has high reliability.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the pressure detecting unit 13 is sheet-shaped.
The sheet shape may mean that the thickness of the pressure detecting unit 13 is relatively thin and the surface flatness is relatively high, and the pressure detecting unit 13 has the characteristics of relatively soft texture and good ductility, and in some embodiments, the electrode assembly can be wrapped or tightly attached to the electrode assembly 12.
In some embodiments, since the pressure detection unit 13 is sheet-shaped, it can be effectively attached to the flat surface of the electrode assembly 12.
Above-mentioned scheme, pressure detection unit 13 is the slice, on the one hand, can laminate with electrode subassembly 12 to effectual detection electrode subassembly 12's pressure state, on the other hand, its surface flatness is high, can reduce because the influence such as single-point excessive pressure that foreign matter such as sensor implanted and led to the fact electrode subassembly 12, and then makes battery cell 10 have higher reliability.
In the above scheme, when the pressure detection unit 13 is a film pressure sensor, the film pressure sensor is disposed between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11, on one hand, the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected, so that the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10 can be accurately obtained, and the accuracy of the battery 100 for warning against thermal runaway can be further improved; on the other hand, the thin film pressure sensor may be a surface distribution type pressure sensor, which has a larger detection area than a single-point pressure sensor, that is, a plurality of pressure detection points per unit area, and thus can effectively detect the pressure state of each part of the electrode assembly 12, so that the battery 100 has higher reliability; on the other hand, the thin film type pressure sensor is a thin film type, and has high flatness, so that it is possible to reduce the influence of single-point overpressure or the like on the electrode assembly 12 due to the implantation of foreign substances such as a sensor or the like, and thus the battery 100 has high reliability. When the pressure detection unit 13 is a film-type pressure and temperature sensor, the film-type pressure and temperature sensor is disposed between the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11, on one hand, the pressure state and the temperature state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected, so that the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10 and the temperature inside the battery cell 10 can be accurately obtained, and the accuracy of the battery 100 in performing early warning on thermal runaway can be improved; on the other hand, the thin film type pressure and temperature sensor has a surface distribution type pressure sensor as a component for detecting pressure, which has a larger detection area than a single-point type pressure sensor, that is, has a plurality of pressure detection points per unit area, and thus can effectively detect the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12, so that the battery 100 has higher reliability; on the other hand, the film type pressure and temperature sensor is a film type, and has high flatness, so that the influence of single-point overvoltage and the like on the electrode assembly 12 due to the implantation of foreign matters such as a sensor and the like can be reduced, and the battery 100 has high reliability.
In other embodiments, the pressure detecting unit 13 may also be a conventional, non-membrane pressure sensor.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the pressure detection range of the pressure detection unit 13 is P, and P is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10MPa, and the detection precision is not less than 10kPa.
In some embodiments, the pressure detection range of the pressure detection unit 13 is P, and P may take any one of 1MPa, 2MPa, 3MPa, 4MPa, 5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa, 9MPa, or 10MPa, and meanwhile, the detection accuracy of the pressure detection unit 13 may be not less than 10kPa.
In the foregoing solution, in some embodiments, when the battery cell 10 is in thermal runaway, the internal expansion force may be 10Mpa, so that the pressure detection range P of the pressure detection unit 13 is set to be between 0 and 10Mpa to meet the actual condition, and the additional cost caused by selecting the pressure detection unit 13 with an excessively large pressure detection range is saved.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the number of detection points per unit area of the pressure detection unit 13 is A, and A is more than or equal to 4 points/cm 2 。
In some embodiments, a may take on a value of 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, etc.
In some embodiments, the pressure detecting unit 13 may be a surface-distributed pressure sensor, which is capable of multi-point detection, and may effectively detect the swelling of the electrode assembly in terms of the non-uniform characteristics of the change of the electrode assembly 12 in comparison with a single-point pressure sensor, which can only reflect the pressure change of the current monitoring point.
For this reason, the number a of detection sites per unit area of the pressure detection unit 13 is set to be 4 sites per square centimeter or more, so as to improve the accuracy of pressure detection of the electrode assembly 12 per unit area, and thus to better detect the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12, so that the battery 100 has high reliability.
In other embodiments, the pressure detection unit 13 may also be a single-point pressure sensor; or the number a of detection site locations per unit area of the pressure detection unit 13 may be less than 4 sites per square centimeter.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly 12 is a winding type structure, an outer surface of the electrode assembly 12 parallel to a winding axis is an outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12, and the pressure detecting unit 13 is located between the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 and an inner surface of the case 11.
The outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 is an outer surface parallel to the winding axis, and in some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 is also referred to as the outer surface of the electrode assembly 12, and the tabs of the electrode assembly 12 are located at the end surfaces (upper end surfaces and/or lower end surfaces) of the electrode assembly 12. When the electrode assembly 12 expands, the main direction of expansion is the direction perpendicular to the winding axis of the electrode assembly 12, and therefore when the electrode assembly 12 expands, the sectional dimension perpendicular to the winding axis increases, pressing the case 11.
In the above embodiment, the electrode assembly 12 is a winding structure, that is, the electrode assembly 12 is formed by winding the pole piece and the separator along the winding axis. During the charging and discharging of the battery cell 10, the expansion part of the electrode assembly 12 is mainly the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12, and therefore, the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed between the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 and the inner surface of the case 11, so that the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected, the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10 can be accurately obtained, and the accuracy of the battery 100 for early warning of thermal runaway can be improved.
Referring to fig. 7, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, fig. 7 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly 12 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
The electrode assembly 12 is flat, and the outer peripheral surface includes two first surfaces 120 oppositely disposed in the thickness direction x of the electrode assembly 12, two second surfaces 121 oppositely disposed in the width direction y of the electrode assembly 12, and a bent surface 122 connecting the first surfaces 120 and the second surfaces 121. The pressure detecting unit 13 is located between the first surface 120 and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing 11, and/or the pressure detecting unit 13 is located between the second surface 121 and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing 11, and/or the pressure detecting unit 13 is located between the bending surface 122 and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing 11.
The electrode assembly 12 is flat, which may mean that the electrode assembly 12 is a component of the prismatic battery cell 10.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 may include a first surface 120, a second surface 121, and a bending surface 122, the first surface 120 being a surface of the outer circumferential surface having a larger area, which may also be referred to as a large surface, and the second surface 121 being a surface having a smaller area. The two first surfaces 120 are oppositely disposed in the thickness direction x of the electrode assembly 12, the two second surfaces 121 are oppositely disposed in the width direction y of the electrode assembly 12, and the first surfaces 120 and the second surfaces 121 are connected by a bending surface 122.
The corresponding adjacent inner surface of the case 11 in "between the first surface 120 and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the case 11" may refer to the inner surface of the case 11 facing the first surface 120 in the thickness direction x of the electrode assembly 12. The corresponding adjacent inner surface of the case 11 in "between the second surface 121 and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the case 11" may refer to the inner surface of the case 11 facing the second surface 121 in the width direction y of the electrode assembly 12. The corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing 11 in "between the bent surface 122 and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing 11" may refer to the inner surface of the housing 11 closest to the bent surface.
In some embodiments, the number of the pressure detection units 13 may be two, and two pressure detection units 13 are respectively disposed between the two first surfaces 120 of the electrode assembly 12 and the corresponding inner surface of the case 11.
In other embodiments, the number of the pressure detection cells 13 may be one, and one pressure detection cell 13 is disposed corresponding to one of the first surfaces 120 of the electrode assembly 12.
In other embodiments, the pressure detection unit 13 may be disposed corresponding to the second surface 121 of the electrode assembly 12; or is disposed corresponding to the bent surface 122 of the electrode assembly 12; or the first surface 120, the second surface 121 and the bending surface 122 are respectively provided with the pressure detecting unit 13.
In the above-described aspect, the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed corresponding to at least one of the first surface 120, the second surface 121, and the bent surface 122 so as to effectively detect the pressure state of each portion of the electrode assembly 12, for example, the portion where the electrode assembly 12 swells during the charge and discharge of the battery cell 10 is mainly the first surface 120, and therefore, the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed between the first surface 120 and the inner surface of the case 11 so as to effectively detect the pressure state of the portion where the electrode assembly 12 is most likely to swell, and compared to the aspect in which the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed between the entire outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 and the surface of the case 11, the cost of the pressure detection unit 13 can be saved and the manufacturing cost of the battery 100 can be reduced under the condition that the accuracy of the early warning of the battery 100 against thermal runaway can be improved.
In other embodiments, such as when the electrode assembly 12 is cylindrical, the pressure detecting unit 13 may be disposed around the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12, or the pressure detecting unit 13 may be disposed on a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12.
According to other embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly 12 is of a laminated structure, the electrode assembly 12 includes two third surfaces opposed in the pole piece stacking direction, and the pressure detecting unit 13 is located between the third surfaces and the corresponding adjacent inner surfaces of the case 11.
The electrode assembly 12 is a laminated structure in which electrode sheets and separators are laminated to each other to form the electrode assembly 12. The third surface is a surface of the electrode assembly 12 in the lamination direction of the pole pieces. In some embodiments, the tab is located on one side of the electrode assembly 12 in a direction perpendicular to the lamination direction of the pole pieces.
In the above solution, the electrode assembly 12 is a laminated structure, that is, the electrode sheet and the separator are laminated to form the electrode assembly 12. The third surface is a surface in the stacking direction, and the third surface is a surface where the area of the electrode assembly 12 is large. In the charging and discharging processes of the battery cell 10, the portion where the electrode assembly 12 expands is mainly the third surface, and therefore, the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed between the third surface and the inner surface of the case 11, so that the pressure state of the portion of the electrode assembly 12 where the expansion is most likely to occur can be effectively detected, and compared with a scheme in which the pressure detection unit 13 is disposed between the entire surface of the electrode assembly 12 (the third surface and the surface of the electrode assembly 12 parallel to the lamination direction of the pole pieces) and the surface of the case 11, the cost of the pressure detection unit 13 can be saved under the condition that the accuracy of the battery 100 for early warning of thermal runaway can be improved, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery 100.
Referring to fig. 3 and 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly 12 and a pressure detection unit 13 according to some embodiments of the present application.
The wall of the housing 11 is provided with a through hole 110. The battery cell 10 further includes a cable 14, one end of the cable 14 is connected to the pressure detecting unit 13, and the other end of the cable 14 passes through the through hole 110 and out of the housing 11.
The through hole 110 is a hole structure provided in a wall portion of the housing 11, and is capable of communicating the inside and the outside of the housing 11 to allow the cable 14 to pass through the housing 11 from the inside of the housing 11. The cable 14 may function to transmit current and pressure signals. The current is transmitted to the pressure detection unit 13 through the cable 14 to realize the operation of the pressure detection unit 13, and the pressure signal acquired by the pressure detection unit 13 can be transmitted to the outside through the cable 14, for example, to a battery management system.
In the above scheme, in some embodiments, the through hole 110 is formed in the wall of the housing 11, and the cable 14 is led out of the housing 11, so that on one hand, the pressure detection unit 13 is provided with electric energy, and on the other hand, the pressure detection unit 13 is convenient to transmit a detected pressure signal outwards, thereby realizing early warning of thermal runaway by the battery 100.
According to other embodiments of the present application, the pressure detection unit 13 comprises a wireless communication module for transmission of the pressure signal.
In some embodiments, for example, the battery cell 10 is large in size, a micro battery for supplying power to the pressure detection unit 13 can be disposed inside the battery cell 10, and the pressure detection unit 13 transmits a pressure signal outwards in a communication direction such as bluetooth or WiFi through a wireless communication module.
In the above scheme, the pressure detection unit 13 may transmit the pressure signal through the wireless communication module without providing the through hole 110 on the wall of the housing 11, so as to pre-tighten the thermal runaway by the battery 100.
According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the housing 11 includes a case 111 and an end cap 112, the case 111 having an opening, and the end cap 112 closing the opening. The through hole 110 is disposed in the end cap 112.
The end cap 112 may be the top end of the housing 11, and when the battery cell 10 is used, the end cap 112 may be the portion of the battery cell 10 farthest from the ground. In some embodiments, when manufacturing the battery cell 10, the electrode assembly 12 and the pressure detecting unit 13 may be first opened and then installed in the case 111, and then the end cap 112 may be assembled.
In the above scheme, the cable 14 is led out from the through hole 110 on the end cover 112, on one hand, compared with the scheme that the cable 14 is led out from the side wall of the housing 11, the risk that the cable 14 is corroded due to the fact that the cable 14 is soaked in the electrolyte can be reduced; on the other hand, when a plurality of battery cells 10 are grouped to form the battery 100, the cable 14 is led out from the end cover 112, and compared with the scheme that the cable 14 is led out from the side wall of the shell 11, the risk that at least the cable 14 is damaged by the pressing force due to the mutual pressing of the adjacent battery cells 10 can be reduced; in a further aspect, typically, end cap 112 is the part of housing 11 that is furthest from the ground, and for this reason, locating through-hole 110 in end cap 112 reduces the risk of electrolyte leaking from the area between end cap 112 and cable 14.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 further includes a sealing member (not shown) disposed at the through-hole 110 to fill a gap between the cable 14 and the through-hole 110.
The seal is a component disposed between the cable 14 and the through-hole 110, and functions to fill the gap between the cable 14 and the through-hole 110 to reduce the risk of leakage of the electrolyte. In some embodiments, the sealing element may be a sealant applied between the through-hole 110 and the cable 14, and after the sealant is cured, the cable 14 and the through-hole 110 are well sealed.
In the above-described aspect, the sealing member is filled in the gap between the cable 14 and the through hole 110, so that the risk of the electrolyte in the battery cell 10 leaking from the portion between the cable 14 and the through hole 110 can be effectively reduced.
In other embodiments, the sealing member may be a sealing film having a sealing property provided on a wall portion of the housing to cover the through hole.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly 12, a pressure sensor, and a strapping 15 according to some embodiments of the present application.
The battery cell 10 further includes a binding member 15, and the binding member 15 is configured to bind the pressure detecting unit 13 to the electrode assembly 12.
The strapping 15 is a component that secures the pressure sensing unit 13 to the electrode assembly 12, and in some embodiments, the strapping 15 is located on a side of the pressure sensing unit 13 that faces away from the electrode assembly 12, i.e., the pressure sensing unit 13 is between the strapping 15 and the electrode assembly 12.
In the above solution, the pressure detecting unit 13 is bundled on the electrode assembly 12 through the bundling member 15, so that the pressure detecting unit 13 can be stably attached to the electrode assembly 12, on one hand, the risk that the pressure detecting unit 13 falls off from the electrode assembly 12 can be reduced, and on the other hand, the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected due to the attachment to the electrode assembly 12, so that the expansion force generated inside the battery cell 10 can be accurately obtained, the accuracy of the battery 100 in performing early warning on thermal runaway can be improved, and the battery 100 has higher reliability.
In some embodiments, the strapping member 15 is a polyimide tape, see fig. 9, the pressure sensing unit 13 is disposed on the first surface 120 of the electrode assembly 12, and both ends of the polyimide tape have adhesive properties, which are adhered to the bending surfaces 122 of the electrode assembly 12. The polyimide tape has better acid and alkali resistance and electrical insulation, so that the pressure detection unit 13 is fixed on the electrode assembly 12 through the polyimide tape, on one hand, the reliability of pressure detection of the pressure detection unit 13 on the electrode assembly 12 can be improved; on the other hand, the influence on the charge and discharge of the battery cell 10 can be reduced.
According to other embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 10 further includes an adhesive between the pressure sensing unit 13 and the electrode assembly 12, and the pressure sensing unit 13 is connected to the electrode assembly 12 through the adhesive.
The adhesive may refer to members each having adhesive characteristics, which can adhere the pressure sensing unit 13 to the electrode assembly 12.
In the above-described aspect, the pressure detection unit 13 is connected to the electrode assembly 12 by the adhesive member, so that the pressure detection unit 13 and the electrode assembly 12 have high connection stability, and the risk that the pressure detection unit 13 falls off from the electrode assembly 12 is reduced, so that the pressure state of the electrode assembly 12 can be effectively detected, and the battery 100 has high reliability.
According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery 100 is provided, the battery 100 comprising the battery cell 10 described above.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 further comprises a control device, which is communicatively connected to the pressure detection unit 13.
The control device may refer to a component capable of being communicatively connected to the pressure detection unit 13 to receive the pressure signal transmitted by the pressure detection unit 13. In some embodiments, the control device may be a Battery Management System (Battery Management System), or a component in a Battery Management System.
In the above solution, the control device may receive the pressure signal transmitted by the pressure detection unit 13, and perform calculation and judgment through preset program software to perform corresponding processing on the battery 100, such as cutting off an internal circuit of the battery 100, and increasing the power of a heat dissipation device inside the battery 100.
There is also provided, according to some embodiments of the present application, an electrical consumer, including the battery cell 10 described above; and/or, include the battery 100 described above. In some embodiments, the powered device may include a battery cell 10; in other embodiments, the powered device may include a battery 100; in other embodiments, the powered device may include both the battery cell 10 and the battery 100.
See fig. 3-9, according to some embodiments of the present application. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery cell 10, wherein the battery cell 10 is a hard-shell prismatic battery cell 10. The battery cell 10 includes a case 11, an electrode assembly 12, and a pressure detection unit 13. The electrode assembly 12 has a winding structure and is flat, the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 12 may include a first surface 120, a second surface 121, and a bent surface 122, the first surface 120 may be a surface having a larger area, which may also be referred to as a large surface, of the outer circumferential surface, and the second surface 121 may be a surface having a smaller area. The two first surfaces 120 are oppositely disposed in the thickness direction x of the electrode assembly 12, the two second surfaces 121 are oppositely disposed in the width direction of the electrode assembly 12, and the first surfaces 120 and the second surfaces 121 are connected by a bending surface 122. The first surface 120 (large face) may have a dimension of 137mm 95mm (width and height). The pressure detection unit 13 is a surface distributed pressure sensor (film type pressure sensor) with the size of 141mm x 95mm, the effective detection area is 137mm x 95mm, the detection range P is 0 to 7MPa, the detection precision is 10kPa, and the detection point is 12 x 12 points.
The pressure detecting unit 13 is fixed on the first surface 120 of the electrode assembly 12 by a polyimide tape. The pressure detecting unit 13 is connected with a cable 14, and the cable 14 is led out through a through hole 110 on an end cover 112 of the housing 11. The pressure detection unit 13 can be located in an upper computer through a cable 14, for example, the battery management system is connected, real-time collection of large-area pressure data of the battery core is achieved, collected data are processed and analyzed through the upper computer, and early warning is made in advance for the battery 100 with risks such as local overvoltage.
The surface-distributed pressure sensor can effectively detect the pressure distribution inside the battery 100 and can test the pressure value of each test point.
In some embodiments, for the 117ah lithium battery 100, the charge-discharge cycle is 37 cycles, 100% SOC internal-external pressure measurement comparison (kPa). In the measurement comparison, the experimental example is a built-in pressure detection unit 13, the pressure detection unit 13 is a surface-distributed pressure sensor, and the comparative example is an external single-point pressure sensor.
In the experimental example, the pressure distribution pattern obtained by the upper computer can be seen in fig. 10, and fig. 10 is a pressure distribution pattern of the battery cell 10 according to some embodiments of the present application.
In the comparative example, the pressure value obtained from the upper computer was 8020.996kPa.
As can be seen from fig. 10, the current external pressure sensor can only simply see the average pressure generated by the whole battery 100 when expanding, i.e. 8020.996kPa; in the experimental example, the pressure value of each measurement point can be seen by the built-in thin film multi-point sensor (surface distribution type pressure sensor), and the pressure distribution diagram formed by the position relationship between each measurement point can see that the pressure value generated in the middle of the electrode assembly 12 is large and the pressure generated around the electrode assembly is small.
Therefore, the above data analysis can show that, in some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 10 with the built-in pressure detection unit 13 can measure the pressures corresponding to different regions when the electrode assembly 12 inside the battery cell 10 expands, so as to form a complete pressure distribution map, and provide effective data for the early warning of the battery management system. Meanwhile, it can be understood that the battery cell 10 with the external pressure sensor has a large difference between the pressure data obtained by the external sensor and the actual expansion force of the electrode assembly 12 due to the influence of the housing 11 of the battery cell 10, a certain gap between the electrode assembly 12 and the housing 11, and internal gas generation, so that the battery 100 often has a problem of early warning delay or inaccurate early warning, in contrast, the battery cell 10 with the internal pressure detection unit 13 provided in some embodiments of the present application can provide accurate expansion force data inside the battery cell 10 to a battery management system, thereby effectively reducing the risk of early warning delay or inaccurate early warning, and enabling the battery 100 to have high reliability.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (14)
1. A battery cell, comprising:
a housing;
an electrode assembly disposed inside the case; and
a pressure detection unit disposed inside the case between the electrode assembly and an inner surface of the case;
wherein the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure sensor; and/or the pressure detection unit is a film type pressure and temperature sensor.
2. The battery cell of claim 1,
the pressure detection unit is sheet-shaped.
3. The battery cell of claim 1,
the pressure detection range of the pressure detection unit is P, P is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10MPa, and the detection precision is not less than 10kPa; and/or the number of detection point positions per unit area of the pressure detection unit is A, and the condition that A is more than or equal to 4 points/cm is met 2 。
4. The battery cell of claim 1,
the electrode assembly is of a winding structure, the outer surface of the electrode assembly parallel to the winding axis is the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly, and the pressure detection unit is located between the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the shell.
5. The battery cell of claim 4,
the electrode assembly is flat, and the outer peripheral surface comprises two first surfaces oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly, two second surfaces oppositely arranged along the width direction of the electrode assembly and a bending surface connecting the first surfaces and the second surfaces;
the pressure detection unit is located between the first surface and a corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the pressure detection unit is located between the second surface and a corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the pressure detection unit is located between the bending surface and the corresponding adjacent inner surface of the housing.
6. The battery cell of claim 1,
the electrode assembly is of a laminated structure, the electrode assembly includes two third surfaces opposed in a pole piece stacking direction, and the pressure detecting units are located between the third surfaces and the corresponding adjacent inner surfaces of the case.
7. The battery cell of claim 1,
the wall part of the shell is provided with a through hole;
the battery cell also comprises a cable, one end of the cable is connected with the pressure detection unit, and the other end of the cable penetrates out of the shell through the through hole and is used for transmitting a pressure signal; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the pressure detection unit comprises a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is used for transmitting pressure signals.
8. The battery cell of claim 7,
the housing includes a shell having an opening and an end cap closing the opening;
wherein the through hole is arranged on the end cover.
9. The battery cell of claim 7,
the battery further includes a sealing member disposed at the through-hole to fill a gap between the cable and the through-hole.
10. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
the battery cell also includes a strapping configured to strap the pressure detection unit to the electrode assembly.
11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
the single battery also comprises a bonding piece, the bonding piece is positioned between the pressure detection unit and the electrode assembly, and the pressure detection unit is connected with the electrode assembly through the bonding piece.
12. A battery comprising a cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. The battery of claim 12, further comprising a control device communicatively coupled to the pressure sensing unit.
14. An electric device comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11; and/or, comprising a battery according to claim 12 or 13.
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