CN114614143A - Battery thermal management system, control method thereof, battery assembly and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Battery thermal management system, control method thereof, battery assembly and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114614143A CN114614143A CN202210211166.2A CN202210211166A CN114614143A CN 114614143 A CN114614143 A CN 114614143A CN 202210211166 A CN202210211166 A CN 202210211166A CN 114614143 A CN114614143 A CN 114614143A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 10
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a battery thermal management system, a control method thereof, a battery assembly and an electric vehicle. The battery thermal management system includes: a battery module (1); a temperature adjustment device configured to heat or cool the battery module (1); and a self-heating device configured to heat the battery module (1), the self-heating device including a wireless heat transmitter (5) and a wireless heater capable of self-heating by wireless energy of the wireless heat transmitter (5). The battery thermal management system can realize rapid heating under the low-temperature condition, improve the low-temperature heating performance of the battery and improve the use comfort of users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a battery thermal management system, a control method of the battery thermal management system, a battery assembly and an electric vehicle.
Background
The importance of a thermal management system of the power battery as a key core part of a new energy automobile is self-evident.
Disclosed in the related art is an integrated system of a fuel cell auxiliary system and a battery thermal management, including: the system comprises a water storage kettle, a water pump, a battery cooler, a range-extended battery, a water-cooled condenser, a pile auxiliary cooling part and a heat dissipation unit which are sequentially connected in series to form a first circulation loop, and an air-conditioning compressor pump, a heat pump heater and a heat pump evaporator which are sequentially connected in series to form a second circulation loop, wherein the heat pump heater is connected in parallel with the heat dissipation unit, a first three-way valve is arranged on the first circulation loop and is respectively connected and communicated with the pile auxiliary cooling part, the heat dissipation unit and the heat pump heater, a second three-way valve is arranged on the second circulation loop and is respectively connected and communicated with the air-conditioning compressor pump, the heat pump evaporator is connected in parallel with the loops of the battery cooler and the water-cooled condenser through the third three-way valve, and the heat pump evaporator is arranged in a warm-passing air-conditioning assembly.
At present, the structure of a mainstream battery thermal management system is complex, and under the low-temperature condition, the heat energy of a heat pump heater is absorbed by a heat pump evaporator, and the external temperature is low, so that the heat exchange efficiency between the heat pump heater and a refrigerant of a second circulation pipeline is low, the heating efficiency is poor, the low-temperature heating performance is poor, and the use comfort of a user is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a battery thermal management system, a control method thereof, a battery assembly and an electric vehicle, which can realize rapid heating under the condition of low temperature, improve the low-temperature heating performance of a battery and improve the use comfort of a user.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery thermal management system including:
a battery module;
a temperature adjustment device configured to heat or cool the battery module; and
the self-heating device is configured to heat the battery module and comprises a wireless heat transmitter and a wireless heater, and the wireless heater can perform self-heating by utilizing wireless energy of the wireless heat transmitter.
Further, temperature regulation apparatus includes liquid cooling board and the fluid circulation pipeline of being connected with the liquid cooling board, and liquid cooling board corresponds the setting with the battery module, and wireless heater includes end heater and bottom heater, and end heater and bottom heater all include metal coil, and the end that the end heater corresponds the liquid cooling board sets up, and the bottom heater corresponds the bottom setting of liquid cooling board.
Further, the liquid cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery module and made of metal materials, and the end heater is wound on the liquid cooling plate;
the bottom heater is wound on the liquid cooling plate;
or the like, or a combination thereof,
be provided with the heating fixed plate on the liquid cooling board, the face and the laminating of liquid cooling board of heating fixed plate, bottom heater along circumference winding on the heating fixed plate.
Furthermore, the battery thermal management system also comprises a battery pack, the battery module and the wireless heat transmitter are both arranged in the battery pack, and the wireless heat transmitter is connected with the battery module through a high-pressure loop and is powered by the battery module; and/or the battery thermal management system also comprises a battery management system, wherein the battery management system is connected with the wireless heat transmitter and the battery module and is used for signal acquisition and heating control of the battery module and control of the wireless heat transmitter.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a control method for applying the battery thermal management system, including:
acquiring temperature information of the battery module;
according to the acquired temperature information
Judging whether heating is needed or not;
when heating is needed, detecting whether active control information is received;
when the active control information is received, selecting a heating mode according to the active control information;
when the active control information is not received, operating a heating mode according to an energy-saving mode;
wherein the heating mode comprises a normal heating mode and a self-heating mode;
in a normal heating mode, the heat management water pump and the heating loop are circularly started, and the battery module is normally heated by utilizing the circulation of cooling liquid;
under the self-heating mode, the wireless heat transmitter transmits wireless energy, and the battery module is heated by the wireless heater.
Further, the control method further comprises:
when the heating is not needed, judging whether the battery needs to be cooled according to the detected temperature of the battery;
when cooling is not required, selecting a no-operation mode;
when cooling is required, a cooling mode is selected.
Further, the step of selecting the heating mode according to the active control information includes:
judging the type of the active control information;
when the active control information is heating time, calculating a heating rate according to the heating time, and selecting a heating mode according to the heating rate;
and when the active control information is the heating mode, operating according to the heating mode set by the active control information.
Further, when the active control information is heating time and the heating mode is self-heating mode, the heating power T of the wireless heat transmitterQCalculated by the following formula:
Tc＝(Tzjm-Tmin)/t；
wherein, TzjmTarget temperature, T, for self-heating modeminTo obtain the minimum temperature of the battery module, CcThe specific heat capacity of the battery module is shown, Q is the mass of the battery module, theta is a safety coefficient, the specific heat capacity is obtained according to test calibration, the value range is 0.314 which is larger than or equal to theta and is larger than or equal to 0.512, alpha is a structural characteristic coefficient of the end heater, the middle heater and the bottom heater, the value range is 1.02 which is larger than or equal to alpha and is larger than or equal to 1.31, beta is a heat loss compensation coefficient, the specific heat capacity is obtained according to test calibration, the value range is 1.15 which is larger than or equal to beta and is larger than or equal to 1.43, and T is a safety coefficientcFor the heating rate, t is the heating time.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a battery assembly, which comprises a battery thermal management system, wherein the battery thermal management system is the battery thermal management system.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a battery thermal management system, wherein the battery thermal management system is the battery thermal management system.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the battery thermal management system comprises: a battery module; a temperature adjustment device configured to heat or cool the battery module; and a self-heating device configured to heat the battery module, the self-heating device including a wireless heat transmitter and a wireless heater, the wireless heater being capable of self-heating using wireless energy of the wireless heat transmitter. The battery thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with two sets of heating devices, namely a common heating device heated by a temperature regulating device and a self-heating device heated by a wireless heat emitter and a wireless heater in a matching way, by arranging the two sets of heating devices, a proper heating device can be selected according to the requirement, and the common heating device is selected under the condition that the external temperature is enough to meet the requirement of the heating efficiency of the battery, so that the energy is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the self-heating device is selected under the condition that the external temperature is lower and the requirement of the heating efficiency of the battery cannot be met, so that the self-heating device can be utilized to realize the rapid heating of the battery, the problems of slow regulation of the battery temperature under the low temperature condition, poor low-temperature heating performance and low use comfort of a user are solved, and the common heating mode and the self-heating mode are combined, the adaptability of battery heating can be improved, the requirement for saving energy can be met, the requirement for rapidly heating the battery can be met, higher energy efficiency can be realized, and the battery heating time is shortened on the basis of reducing energy consumption, so that the temperature of the battery can rapidly reach the optimal working temperature.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a first isometric view of a battery thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a second isometric view of a battery thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of a battery thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a bottom view of a battery thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a battery pack internal structure diagram of the battery thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a control flow diagram of a battery thermal management system of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. a battery module; 2. a liquid-cooled plate; 301. an end heater; 302. a middle heater; 303. a bottom heater; 4. a heat conducting structure; 5. a wireless heat transmitter; 6. heating the fixed plate; 7. a battery management system.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring collectively to fig. 1-5, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a battery thermal management system includes: a battery module 1; a temperature adjustment device configured to heat or cool the battery module 1; and a self-heating device configured to heat the battery module 1, the self-heating device including a wireless heat transmitter 5 and a wireless heater capable of self-heating by wireless energy of the wireless heat transmitter 5.
The battery thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with two sets of heating devices, namely a common heating device heated by a temperature regulating device and a self-heating device heated by the cooperation of a wireless heat emitter 5 and a wireless heater, and by arranging the two sets of heating devices, a proper heating device can be selected according to the requirement, and the common heating device is selected under the condition that the external temperature is enough to meet the requirement of the heating efficiency of the battery, so that the energy is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the self-heating device is selected under the condition that the external temperature is lower and the requirement of the heating efficiency of the battery cannot be met, so that the self-heating device can be utilized to realize the quick heating of the battery, the problems of slow regulation of the battery temperature under the low temperature condition, poor low-temperature heating performance and low use comfort of a user are solved, and the common heating mode and the self-heating mode are combined, the adaptability of battery heating can be improved, the requirement for saving energy can be met, the requirement for rapidly heating the battery can be met, higher energy efficiency can be realized, and the battery heating time is shortened on the basis of reducing energy consumption, so that the temperature of the battery can rapidly reach the optimal working temperature.
In the present embodiment, the battery module 1 is disposed inside the battery pack and mainly responsible for energy storage and power output of the battery. Temperature regulation apparatus is used for adjusting the temperature of battery module 1, has two kinds of functions of heating and cooling, and wherein the heating function provides heat energy for foretell ordinary heating mode, and cooling function carries out cooling to battery module 1 when battery module 1's heat is too high, through the operating temperature who adjusts battery module 1 for battery module 1's temperature remains throughout in the temperature range of preferred, guarantees battery module 1's working property.
Be provided with heat conduction structure 4 between battery module 1 and temperature regulation apparatus, heat conduction structure 4 can increase the heat transmission efficiency between battery module 1 and the temperature regulation apparatus, improves temperature regulation apparatus to battery module 1's temperature regulation effect and regulation efficiency. The heat conducting structure 4 can be made of an insulating material with good heat conducting performance, so that a good heat conducting effect can be achieved, an effective insulating effect can be achieved, and the working safety and reliability of the battery module 1 are further improved. The heat conducting structure 4 is, for example, heat conducting silicone grease or heat conducting graphite. The heat conducting structure 4 may also be a structure capable of conducting heat rapidly, such as a heat conducting glue or a heat conducting pad.
The wireless heat emitter 5 is used with the cooperation of wireless heater, utilizes the wireless signal of wireless heat emitter 5 transmission to form the reaction in wireless heater position department for wireless heater can produce the heat, heats battery module 1.
In one embodiment, the wireless heater may adopt a combination of a coil and a metal structure, that is, the wireless heater includes both the coil and the metal structure, and the coil is wound on the surface of the metal structure. When wireless heating is carried out, wireless energy can be transmitted by controlling the wireless heat transmitter 5, so that the coil generates electromagnetic field eddy current by utilizing the electromagnetic induction principle through the wireless energy, and a metal structure wound by the coil is heated.
In one embodiment, the wireless heater may include only a coil, and the coil of the wireless heater is wound on another heat transfer structure, and is heated by using heat generated by the coil, and the heat is transferred through the heat transfer structure, so as to heat the battery module 1.
In one embodiment, the temperature adjusting device includes a liquid cooling plate 2 and a fluid circulation pipeline connected to the liquid cooling plate 2, the liquid cooling plate 2 is disposed corresponding to the battery module 1, the wireless heater includes an end heater 301 and a bottom heater 303, both the end heater 301 and the bottom heater 303 include metal coils, the end heater 301 is disposed corresponding to an end of the liquid cooling plate 2, and the bottom heater 303 is disposed corresponding to a bottom of the liquid cooling plate 2.
In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is a fin type liquid cooling plate or a micro-channel liquid cooling plate, and a fluid pipeline is arranged in the liquid cooling plate 2, and the liquid cooling plate is connected with a fluid circulation pipeline to form a fluid heat exchange circulation. The fluid can be the coolant liquid, and fluid circulation pipeline can be used with the inside air conditioning system of vehicle or other structure cooperations, acquires heat or cold volume through air conditioning system or other structures to transmit to liquid cold plate 2 department through the coolant liquid, heat or cool off battery module 1, realize the complementary utilization of energy, improve energy utilization.
The wireless heater includes an end heater 301 and a bottom heater 303, and can heat the end and the bottom of the battery module 1, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the battery module 1.
In one embodiment, the battery module 1 is provided in plurality, and a middle heater 302 may be further disposed between two adjacent battery modules 1, wherein the middle heater 302 is used for heating adjacent positions of the two adjacent battery modules 1.
In one embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the battery module 1, the liquid cooling plate 2 is made of a metal material, and the end heater 301 is wound on the liquid cooling plate 2; the bottom heater 303 is wound around the liquid-cooled panel 2.
In the embodiment, wireless heaters, namely an end heater 301, a bottom heater 303 and a middle heater 302, are wound at the end part and the middle part of the liquid cooling plate 2 and at the position between two adjacent battery modules 1, the end heaters 301 are arranged at the two ends of the battery modules 1 and wound on the liquid cooling plate 2, and can perform self-heating through wireless charging energy transmitted remotely; the middle heater 302 is arranged in the middle of the two battery modules 1, is wound on the liquid cooling plate 2, and can perform self-heating through remotely transmitted wireless charging energy; the bottom heater 303 is arranged in the middle of the liquid cooling plate 2, wound on the liquid cooling plate 2, and can perform self-heating through remote transmission wireless charging energy.
In one embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the battery module 1, the liquid cooling plate 2 is made of a metal material, and the end heater 301 is wound on the liquid cooling plate 2; be provided with heating fixed plate 6 on the liquid cooling board 2, the face and the laminating of liquid cooling board 2 of heating fixed plate 6, bottom heater 303 is along circumference winding on heating fixed plate 6. In the present embodiment, the arrangement structure of the end heater 301 and the middle heater 302 is the same as that of the previous embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, the bottom heater 303 is disposed in the middle of the liquid cooling plate 2 and at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 2, the heating fixing plate 6 is disposed at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 2, and the bottom heater 303 heats the battery module 1 by transferring heat through the heating fixing plate 6.
The liquid cooling plate 2 can be made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy and the like.
With the bottom of heating fixed plate 6 setting keeping away from battery module 1 at liquid cooling plate 2, can avoid when adopting ordinary heating mode or cooling mode, heating fixed plate 6 forms the hindrance to the heat transmission of liquid cooling plate 2 transmission to battery module 1, reduces the problem of heat transfer efficiency.
In this embodiment, the direct laminating setting between heating fixed plate 6 and the liquid cooling plate 2 can have good heat transfer efficiency, can utilize the heating fixed plate to realize the heating to the coolant liquid in the liquid cooling plate 2 more effectively. In order to further improve the heat transfer efficiency between the heating fixing plate 6 and the liquid cooling plate 2, heat-conducting silicone grease can be arranged between the heating fixing plate 6 and the liquid cooling plate 2.
In one embodiment, the components of the battery thermal management system, except for the end heater 301, the bottom heater 303, and the middle heater 302, are provided with electromagnetic wave shielding layers to prevent other components from generating heat, which affects the performance of the components.
In this embodiment, the end heater 301, the middle heater 302, and the bottom heater 303 may be remotely and wirelessly heated by the wireless heat emitter 5, and the spiral coils of the end heater 301, the middle heater 302, and the bottom heater 303 may generate a large amount of heat due to an electromagnetic induction phenomenon, so as to achieve a heating function of the liquid cooling plate 2 and the heating fixing plate 6 wound around the end heater 301, the middle heater 302, and the bottom heater 303.
In one embodiment, the battery thermal management system further includes a battery pack, the battery module 1 and the wireless heat transmitter 5 are both disposed in the battery pack, and the wireless heat transmitter 5 is connected to the battery module 1 through a high-pressure circuit and is powered by the battery module 1. In the present embodiment, the wireless heat transmitter 5 is built in the battery pack, and is connected to the battery module 1 through a high-voltage circuit, and is supplied with power by the internal circuit connection of the battery module 1, thereby ensuring the transmission of wireless heat. This kind of structure need not additionally to set up wireless heat transmitter 5's power supply unit for overall structure is compacter, has effectively guaranteed wireless heat transmitter 5's stable power supply moreover, and structural design is more reasonable.
In one embodiment, the battery thermal Management system further includes a battery Management system 7, namely a bms (battery Management system), and the battery Management system 7 is connected to the wireless heat transmitter 5 and the battery module 1, and is used for signal acquisition and heating control of the battery module 1 and control of the wireless heat transmitter 5.
Compared with the prior art, the battery thermal management system has the following advantages:
1. the self-heating performance is high;
2. the structure is simpler, and the realization cost is lower;
3. the heating control efficiency is high, and the grading control energy utilization efficiency is high.
Referring to fig. 6 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a control method for applying the battery thermal management system includes: acquiring temperature information of the battery module 1; judging whether heating is needed or not according to the acquired temperature information; when heating is needed, detecting whether active control information is received; when the active control information is received, selecting a heating mode according to the active control information; when the active control information is not received, operating a heating mode according to an energy-saving mode; wherein the heating mode comprises a normal heating mode and a self-heating mode; in a normal heating mode, the heat management water pump and the heating loop are circularly started, and the battery module 1 is normally heated by utilizing the circulation of cooling liquid; in the self-heating mode, the wireless heat transmitter 5 transmits wireless energy to heat the battery module 1 by using the wireless heater.
When the heating is not needed, judging whether the battery needs to be cooled according to the detected temperature of the battery; when cooling is not required, selecting a no-operation mode; when cooling is required, a cooling mode is selected. The no-operation mode, cooling mode, normal heating mode, and self-heating mode collectively constitute the control modes of the present application.
The active control of the user is mainly suitable for selecting the heating modes, so that when the user does not perform active control, the system can select a proper control mode according to the detected temperature of the battery module and the ambient temperature, and when the system is used for performing active control, the system selects a corresponding heating mode according to the active control information to heat the battery module.
In one embodiment, when a thermal management request signal is received, the temperature of the battery module 1 can be acquired through the battery management system 7, then the judgment is carried out according to the acquired temperature, and whether a control instruction required by the thermal management system is an active control instruction or a system control instruction is judged, wherein the system control instruction is divided into four modes, namely a non-working mode, a cooling mode, a normal heating mode and a self-heating mode; in the heating mode, if the battery assembly needs to be rapidly heated in a short time, the self-heating mode is selected, otherwise, the normal heating mode is selected. The active control commands mainly control the two heating modes. The active control instruction refers to a control instruction actively sent by a user, and the system control instruction refers to a control instruction sent by a system after being judged according to the temperature of the battery module and the ambient temperature.
Through the control method of the battery thermal management system, a proper heating mode can be selected according to the requirements of a user or the working condition of the battery module 1, when an active control instruction is not detected, the system enters an automatic control state at the moment, the battery module 1 can provide electric energy for the wireless heat emitter 5 through the self-heating mode under the low-temperature condition, the wireless heater is wirelessly heated by the wireless energy emitted by the wireless heat emitter 5, the quick heating of the battery module 1 is realized, the temperature of the battery module 1 is quickly raised to reach a temperature range suitable for working, then the temperature is adjusted to be a common heating mode, the battery module 1 is continuously heated by the cooling liquid, the temperature of the battery module 1 is always kept in the proper temperature range, and the quick heating requirement of the battery module 1 can be met, the speed of the battery module 1 entering the normal working temperature is increased, heat supply switching can be performed while the working temperature of the battery module 1 is maintained, a common heating mode with low energy consumption is used for replacing a self-heating mode with high energy consumption, reasonable allocation of heating efficiency and energy consumption is achieved, and the working energy efficiency of a battery thermal management system is improved.
In one embodiment, when in the automatic control state of the system, the operating conditions of the four control modes are as follows: when T ismax＜TlkAnd Tmin＞TjkSelecting a non-working mode; when T ismax≥TlkWhen the cooling mode is selected; when T iszjk＜Tmin≤TjkWhen heating is needed to be started, a common heating mode is selected; when T ismin≤TzjkWhen the self-heating is required to be started, a self-heating mode is selected; wherein T ismaxTo obtain the highest temperature, T, of the battery module 1minFor the lowest temperature, T, of the battery module 1 obtainedlmIs the target cooling temperature, TjmTarget temperature for normal heating mode, TlkTemperature, T, for cooling mode startjkOpening temperature for normal heating mode, TzjkThe temperature is turned on for the self-heating mode.
In the no-operation mode, the battery thermal management system is neither cooled nor heated, and the battery management system 7 has no control action.
In the cooling mode, the battery management system 7 sends a cooling instruction to a complete vehicle VCU (a complete vehicle controller which is responsible for controlling the complete vehicle), a heat management water pump and a cooling loop are started to circulate, and cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate 2 is used for cooling the battery module 1; when the air conditioning system in the vehicle is in a refrigerating state, the cold energy source of the cooling liquid can be from the space in the vehicle, and can also be provided by other cooling structures; when the air conditioning system in the vehicle is in a heating state, the cold energy source of the cooling liquid can come from a liquid cooling plate outside the vehicle of the air conditioning system or external air.
In a normal heating mode, the battery management system 7 sends a heating instruction to a complete vehicle VCU (a complete vehicle controller, which is responsible for controlling the complete vehicle), starts a thermal management water pump and a heating loop to circulate, and utilizes the circulation of the cooling liquid to perform normal heating on the battery module 1. Wherein a difference between the target temperature of the normal heating mode and the opening temperature of the normal heating mode satisfies Tjm-TjkThe temperature of 5 ℃ can be more than or equal to 5 ℃, and the temperature of 5 ℃ can also be other temperature limits, such as 3 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 7 ℃ and the like, can be determined according to the external environment temperature, can be set by an internal program, and can also be set by a user.
Under the self-heating mode, the BMS controls the wireless heat transmitter 5 so that the wireless heat transmitter 5 transmits wireless energy, realizes wireless heating energy transfer, and heats the battery module 1 by using the wireless heater. Wherein the difference between the target temperature of the self-heating mode and the opening temperature of the self-heating mode satisfies Tzjm-TzjkNot less than 5 ℃; the temperature of 5 ℃ may be limited to other temperatures, for example, 3 ℃, 4 ℃, 6 ℃, 7 ℃ or the like, and may be set according to the external environmental temperature, an internal program, or a user.
The step of selecting the heating mode according to the active control information comprises: judging the type of the active control information; when the active control information is heating time, calculating a heating rate according to the heating time, and selecting a heating mode according to the heating rate; and when the active control information is the heating mode, operating according to the heating mode set by the active control information.
When the user sets the heating mode, there are two ways, one is to set the heating time, and the other is to directly set the heating mode.
In one embodiment, when the user needs to use the vehicle, the heating time can be set according to the time for taking the vehicle, and the system can calculate the heating rate required by heating the battery module 1 to the target temperature in the different heating modes according to the previously set target temperature in the self-heating mode, the target temperature in the normal heating mode, the lowest temperature of the battery module 1 and the heating time, and then select the appropriate heating mode according to the calculated heating rate.
A heating rate threshold value a is set in the system, when the calculated heating rate Tc required in the ordinary heating mode is less than or equal to a ℃/min, the fact that a user takes a vehicle is explained at the moment, the temperature of the battery module which can be used for heating the battery module in the ordinary heating mode is heated to a proper temperature, and therefore the temperature requirement of the battery module when the user takes the vehicle is met.
When required heating rate Tc > a ℃ under the ordinary heating mode that calculates, explain this moment the user when taking the vehicle, if adopt ordinary heating mode then can lead to the unable heating of temperature to suitable operating temperature of battery module, under this kind of condition, need improve the heating rate of battery module, consequently need use heating efficiency as the first, choose the very fast self-heating mode of heating rate to heat battery module for use, thereby the temperature of battery module can be heated to required temperature smoothly when guaranteeing that the vehicle takes, satisfy user's vehicle and take the demand.
The value of a may be 3, 2, 4, 5 or other values, and may be set as needed.
When the self-heating mode is adopted for heating, the self-heating mode can be setThe temperature is marked, so that the heating of the battery module is stopped after the battery module is heated to the target temperature in the self-heating mode, and after the target temperature in the self-heating mode is set, the heating power T of the wireless heat transmitter 5 can be calculated according to the heating time set by a user and the previously acquired lowest temperature of the battery module 1QUnder the heating power, the temperature of the battery module can be heated to the set target temperature within the heating time set by the user, meanwhile, a large amount of power waste is avoided, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, the heating power T of the wireless heat transmitter 5QCalculated by the following formula:
Tc＝(Tzjm-Tmin)/t；
wherein, TzjmTarget temperature, T, for self-heating modeminTo obtain the lowest temperature, C, of the battery module 1cThe specific heat capacity of the battery module 1 is shown, Q is the mass of the battery module 1, theta is a safety coefficient, the value range is obtained according to test calibration, theta is more than or equal to 0.512 within 0.314, alpha is a structural characteristic coefficient, the value range is obtained according to the structural characteristics of the end heater 301, the middle heater 302 and the bottom heater 303, alpha is more than or equal to 1.31 within 1.02, beta is a heat loss compensation coefficient, beta is obtained according to test calibration, beta is more than or equal to 1.43 within 1.15, Tc is a heating rate, and t is a heating time.
Determining the heating power T of the wireless heat transmitter 5 by the above formulaQSafety factor, structural feature factor and calorific loss factor can be considered comprehensively, and the heating power precision of calculating is higher, and the temperature heating is more accurate, can carry out more effective accurate control to battery module 1's temperature, guarantees that battery module 1's temperature regulation is more accurate fast.
In one embodiment, when a user directly sets the heating mode, the battery thermal management system directly operates to the heating mode set by the user to heat the battery module without considering the current temperature, the ambient temperature or other conditions of the battery, and the mode enables the user to switch the battery heating mode more flexibly and conveniently and has stronger selectivity. When the heating mode is executed, the system needs to judge relevant parameters such as the temperature of the battery, selects to execute the control instruction of the user under the condition that the execution of the control instruction of the user does not cause the battery to be possibly damaged or not work normally, and needs to send a reminding signal to the user to remind the user of the possible damage of the current heating mode, and suspends the implementation of the active control instruction of the user to wait for the next instruction under the condition that the battery is possibly damaged or not work normally.
In the process of heating the battery module 1, signal feedback can be performed under the following conditions, specifically including: cooling mode: t ismax≥TlmThe standard is reached; normal heating mode: t ismin≥TjmThe standard is reached; self-heating mode: t ismin≥TzjmAnd (5) reaching the standard. If the index requirement is not met, the control steps of cooling liquid or heating are continuously and repeatedly carried out, if the battery module runs in one mode and the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the standard, the thermal management control is quitted, and the battery module enters a non-working mode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery assembly includes a battery thermal management system, and the battery thermal management system is the battery thermal management system described above.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the electric vehicle comprises a battery thermal management system, which is the battery thermal management system described above.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A battery thermal management system, comprising:
a battery module (1);
a temperature adjustment device configured to heat or cool the battery module (1); and
a self-heating device configured to heat the battery module (1), the self-heating device including a wireless heat transmitter (5) and a wireless heater capable of self-heating by wireless energy of the wireless heat transmitter (5).
2. The battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature adjusting device comprises a liquid cooling plate (2) and a fluid circulation pipeline connected with the liquid cooling plate (2), the liquid cooling plate (2) is arranged corresponding to the battery module (1), the wireless heater comprises an end heater (301) and a bottom heater (303), the end heater (301) and the bottom heater (303) both comprise metal coils, the end heater (301) is arranged corresponding to an end of the liquid cooling plate (2), and the bottom heater (303) is arranged corresponding to a bottom of the liquid cooling plate (2).
3. The battery thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that the liquid cooling plate (2) is arranged at the bottom of the battery module (1), the liquid cooling plate (2) is made of a metal material, and the end heater (301) is wound on the liquid cooling plate (2);
the bottom heater (303) is wound on the liquid cooling plate (2);
or the like, or, alternatively,
be provided with on liquid cooling board (2) heating fixed plate (6), the face of heating fixed plate (6) with liquid cooling board (2) laminating, bottom heater (303) along circumference winding on heating fixed plate (6).
4. The battery thermal management system according to claim 1, further comprising a battery pack, wherein the battery module (1) and the wireless heat transmitter (5) are both disposed in the battery pack, and the wireless heat transmitter (5) is connected to the battery module (1) through a high-voltage loop and powered by the battery module (1); and/or, the battery thermal management system further comprises a battery management system (7), wherein the battery management system (7) is connected with the wireless heat transmitter (5) and the battery module (1) and is used for signal acquisition and heating control of the battery module (1) and control of the wireless heat transmitter (5).
5. A control method for applying the battery thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
acquiring temperature information of the battery module (1);
judging whether heating is needed or not according to the acquired temperature information;
when heating is needed, detecting whether active control information is received or not;
when the active control information is received, selecting a heating mode according to the active control information;
when the active control information is not received, operating a heating mode according to an energy-saving mode;
wherein the heating mode comprises a normal heating mode and a self-heating mode;
in a normal heating mode, the heat management water pump and the heating loop are circularly started, and the battery module (1) is normally heated by utilizing the circulation of cooling liquid;
in the self-heating mode, the wireless heat transmitter (5) transmits wireless energy, and the battery module (1) is heated by the wireless heater.
6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that the control method further comprises:
when the heating is not needed, judging whether the battery needs to be cooled according to the detected temperature of the battery;
when cooling is not required, selecting a no-operation mode;
when cooling is required, a cooling mode is selected.
7. The control method of claim 5, wherein the step of selecting a heating mode in accordance with the active control information comprises:
judging the type of the active control information;
when the active control information is heating time, calculating a heating rate according to the heating time, and selecting a heating mode according to the heating rate; and when the active control information is the heating mode, operating according to the heating mode set by the active control information.
8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein when the active control information is heating time and the heating mode is self-heating mode, the heating power T of the wireless heat transmitter (5) isQCalculated by the following formula:
Tc＝(Tzjm-Tmin)/t；
wherein, TzjmTarget temperature, T, for self-heating modeminIs the lowest temperature, C, of the battery module (1) obtainedcIs the specific heat capacity of the battery module (1), Q is the mass of the battery module (1), and theta is safetyThe coefficient is obtained according to the test calibration, the value range is 0.314 which is more than or equal to theta and more than or equal to 0.512, alpha is the structural characteristic coefficient of the end heater (301), the middle heater (302) and the bottom heater (303), the value range is 1.02 which is more than or equal to alpha and more than or equal to 1.31, beta is the heat loss compensation coefficient, the value range is 1.15 which is more than or equal to beta and more than or equal to 1.43, T is more than or equal to T and is equal to T and more than or equal to 1.43 according to the test calibrationcFor the heating rate, t is the heating time.
9. A battery assembly comprising a battery thermal management system, wherein the battery thermal management system is the battery thermal management system of any of claims 1-4.
10. An electric vehicle comprising a battery thermal management system, wherein the battery thermal management system is the battery thermal management system of any of claims 1-4.
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