CN114132169A - Work vehicle and thermal management system thereof - Google Patents

Work vehicle and thermal management system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114132169A
CN114132169A CN202111450567.5A CN202111450567A CN114132169A CN 114132169 A CN114132169 A CN 114132169A CN 202111450567 A CN202111450567 A CN 202111450567A CN 114132169 A CN114132169 A CN 114132169A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery module
cooling
reversing valve
management system
thermal management
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202111450567.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵少锋
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Sany Automobile Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Sany Automobile Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Sany Automobile Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Sany Automobile Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to CN202111450567.5A priority Critical patent/CN114132169A/en
Publication of CN114132169A publication Critical patent/CN114132169A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of working vehicles, and provides a working vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, wherein the thermal management system of the working vehicle comprises a cooling loop, a first loop and a second loop, wherein the first loop comprises a motor module, and the first loop and the cooling loop are arranged side by side so that the cooling loop is used for cooling the motor module; the second loop comprises a battery module, a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve; the battery module is connected with the cooling loop through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve respectively, so that the cooling loop cools the battery module; the battery module is connected with the first loop through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve respectively, so that the first loop heats the battery module. The invention has simple structure and arrangement and low manufacturing cost, can fully improve the utilization rate of energy according to different working conditions, and can meet the heat dissipation requirement in the charging process of the battery.

Description

Work vehicle and thermal management system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of work vehicles, in particular to a work vehicle and a thermal management system thereof.
Background
The heat management system generally enables an engine to work in an optimal temperature range under different working conditions, and in an image metaphor, a variable frequency air conditioner is arranged on the engine to enable the engine to be kept in an optimal cooling water temperature when the engine works.
The conventional thermal management system in the working vehicle comprises a plurality of cooling loops and a plurality of heating loops, wherein the loops are independently controlled and cannot work cooperatively, so that the effective utilization of energy cannot be realized, and energy waste is caused; but also can not meet the heat dissipation requirement in the process of charging the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a working vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, which are used for solving the technical defects in the prior art, have simple structural arrangement and low manufacturing cost, can fully improve the utilization rate of energy according to different working conditions, and can meet the heat dissipation requirement in the battery charging process.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management system for a work vehicle, comprising:
a cooling circuit;
a first circuit comprising an electric machine module, the first circuit being arranged side-by-side with the cooling circuit such that the cooling circuit is used to cool the electric machine module;
a second circuit comprising a battery module, a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve;
the battery module is connected with the cooling loop through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve respectively, so that the cooling loop cools the battery module;
the battery module is connected with the first loop through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve respectively, so that the first loop heats the battery module.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle, the cooling loop comprises a plate type heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser and a plurality of pipelines which are correspondingly arranged;
the first loop further comprises a first pump body, a radiator assembly and a plurality of pipelines which are correspondingly arranged, and the radiator assembly is provided with a heat radiation fan;
the second loop further comprises a second pump body and a plurality of pipelines correspondingly arranged, and the battery module is connected with the second pump body in series and is connected with the plate heat exchanger in series or connected with the radiator assembly in series through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle provided by the invention, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are electromagnetic three-way valves, and the heat management system at least comprises any one of the following working modes under the cooling working condition:
in the first working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with the pipeline corresponding to the radiator assembly, and the cooling fan is started and used for cooling the battery module;
in a second working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger, the compressor and the condenser are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger, and the cooling fan is started and used for cooling the battery module;
and under a third working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with the pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger and used for carrying out self-circulation cooling on the battery module.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle, an electronic thermostat is further arranged on the first loop;
the electronic thermostat is arranged on a pipeline between the motor module and the radiator assembly.
According to the heat management system of the work vehicle provided by the invention, under the cooling working condition, the heat management system at least comprises the following working modes:
and in a fourth working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the radiator assembly, and the motor module and the first pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the radiator assembly and used for heating the battery module.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery packs arranged in parallel, and each battery pack is provided with an electric heating film;
and in a fifth working mode, the electric heating die is started for heating the battery module.
The heat management system of the working vehicle further comprises a main controller and detection units respectively arranged on the cooling circuit, the first circuit and the first circuit;
the main controller is connected with the detection unit, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle, the detection unit comprises a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of a water inlet in each loop and the ambient temperature;
and the main controller controls the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve to select corresponding working modes according to the water inlet temperature and the environment temperature.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle, the motor module comprises a four-in-one controller, at least one motor and at least one motor controller which is correspondingly arranged, the motor controller is used for controlling the motor, and the four-in-one controller is used for controlling the motor controller;
the output end of the first pump body is communicated with the input end pipeline of the four-in-one controller, and the output end of the motor is communicated with the input end pipeline of the radiator assembly.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the invention provides a work vehicle including the thermal management system of any one of the above work vehicles.
According to the heat management system of the working vehicle, the conduction and the cut-off of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve in different connecting pipelines are controlled, so that various cooling and heating modes of the battery module can be realized, the battery module can be cooled based on a cooling loop of the working vehicle, the battery module can be heated based on heat generated by the working vehicle, the battery module is cooled in a self-circulation mode and is heated by a self-heating device, the combined control cooling of the battery module and the motor module is realized, and meanwhile, the battery module and the motor module are controlled in a single circulation mode, so that the work of the other side is not influenced and interfered mutually.
The invention can effectively utilize the cooling equipment when the working vehicle is idle, and does not need to be additionally provided with a heat dissipation device of the motor module, thereby saving the space, simplifying the structural arrangement of the heat management system of the working vehicle and lowering the manufacturing cost; and can satisfy the heat dissipation requirement in the battery module charging process.
The invention can transfer the heat in the radiator assembly to the battery module, thereby heating the battery module through the heat generated in the working process of the motor module under the low-temperature environment, effectively utilizing the waste heat of the motor module, cooling the motor module at the same time, not only cooling the motor module without starting a compressor, a heat dissipation fan and the like to consume energy, but also heating the battery module without an additional heating device, and realizing good energy-saving effect.
Further, the work vehicle according to the present invention includes the above-described thermal management system for a work vehicle, and therefore has all the advantages described above.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a control schematic of a thermal management system for a work vehicle provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control schematic of a first mode of operation of a thermal management system for a work vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control schematic of a second mode of operation of a thermal management system for a work vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a control schematic of a third mode of operation of a thermal management system for a work vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a control schematic of a fourth mode of operation of the thermal management system of the work vehicle provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a control schematic of another embodiment of a thermal management system for a work vehicle provided by the present disclosure;
reference numerals:
1. a cooling circuit; 11. A plate heat exchanger; 12. A compressor;
13. a condenser; 2. A first circuit; 21. A first pump body;
22. a four-in-one controller; 23. Installing a motor; 24. Installing a controller;
25. a main drive motor; 26. A main drive controller; 27. A heat sink assembly;
28. a heat radiation fan; 3. A first circuit; 31. A second pump body;
32. a battery pack; 33. A first direction changing valve; 34. A second directional control valve;
341. a first opening; 342. A second opening; 343. A third opening;
4. a first temperature sensor; 5. A second temperature sensor; 6. A third temperature sensor;
7. a fourth temperature sensor; 8. An electronic thermostat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" do not denote any sequence relationship, but are merely used for convenience of description. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6. It should be understood that the following description is only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a thermal management system for a work vehicle, including a cooling circuit 1, a first circuit 2 and a second circuit 3, wherein the cooling circuit 1 is mainly used for cooling the first circuit 2; the cooling circuit 1 may also be used for cooling the second circuit 3 when the first circuit 2 is not in use.
Specifically, the first circuit 2 is arranged side by side with the cooling circuit 1 and is used for cooling the cooling motor module; the second circuit 3 is connected with the cooling circuit 1 and the first circuit 2 through the first reversing valve 33 and the second reversing valve 34, respectively, and when the second circuit 3 is connected with the cooling circuit 1 through the first reversing valve 33 and the second reversing valve 34, respectively, the battery module can be cooled by being connected into the cooling circuit 1; when the second circuit 3 is connected to the first circuit 2 by means of the first and second switching valves 33, 34, respectively, the battery module can be heated by switching into the first circuit 2.
In some embodiments, the cooling circuit 1 comprises a plate heat exchanger 11, a compressor 12 and a condenser 13, and a plurality of pipes correspondingly arranged, wherein an output end of the plate heat exchanger 11 is connected to an input end of the compressor 12 through a pipe, an output end of the compressor 12 is connected to an input end of the condenser 13 through a pipe, and an output end of the condenser 13 is connected to an input end of the plate heat exchanger 11 corresponding to the output end through a pipe.
In some embodiments, the first circuit 2 further includes a first pump body 21 and a radiator assembly 27, and a plurality of pipes are correspondingly disposed, a radiator fan 28 is correspondingly disposed on the radiator assembly 27, and the radiator fan 28 is located between the radiator assembly 27 and the condenser 13; the output end of the first pump body 21 is connected to the input end of the motor module through a pipeline, the output end of the motor module is connected to the input end of the radiator assembly 27 through a pipeline, and the output end of the radiator assembly 27 is connected to the input end of the first pump body 21 through a pipeline.
In some embodiments, the motor module includes a four-in-one controller, a motor, and a motor controller for controlling the motor, the four-in-one controller for controlling the motor controller. The motor comprises a main drive motor 25 and an upper motor 23, a main drive controller 26 and an upper controller 24, wherein the main drive controller 26 is arranged corresponding to the main drive motor 25, and the upper controller 24 is arranged corresponding to the upper motor 23.
The output end of the first pump body 21 is communicated with the input end pipeline of the four-in-one controller, the output end of the four-in-one controller is communicated with the input end pipeline of the main drive controller 26 and the input end pipeline of the upper controller 24 respectively, the output end pipeline of the main drive controller 26 and the output end pipeline of the upper controller 24 are communicated with the input end pipeline of the main drive motor 25 and the input end pipeline of the upper motor 23 respectively, the output end of the main drive motor 25 and the output end of the upper motor 23 are communicated with the input end of the radiator assembly 27 respectively, and the output end of the radiator assembly 27 is communicated with the input end pipeline of the first pump body 21.
In some embodiments, the second circuit 3 further comprises a second pump body 31 and a plurality of pipes arranged correspondingly, the battery module is arranged in series with the second pump body 31 and in series with the plate heat exchanger 11 through the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34, or in series with the radiator assembly 27 through the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34, that is, in parallel with the plate heat exchanger 11 and the radiator assembly 27.
When the battery module and the second pump body 31 are connected with the plate heat exchanger 11 through the first reversing valve 33 and the second reversing valve 34, the output end of the second pump body 31 is connected with the input end of the battery module through a pipeline, the output end of the battery module is connected with the inlet of the first reversing valve 33 through a pipeline, one outlet of the first reversing valve 33 is connected with the other input end of the plate heat exchanger 11 through a pipeline, the other output end of the plate heat exchanger 11 corresponding to the other input end is connected with the inlet of the second reversing valve 34 through a pipeline, and one outlet of the second reversing valve 34 is connected with the input end of the second pump body 31 through a pipeline.
When the battery module and the second pump body 31 are connected to the radiator assembly 27 through the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34, the output end of the second pump body 31 is connected to the input end of the battery module through a pipeline, the output end of the battery module is connected to the inlet of the first direction valve 33 through a pipeline, the other outlet of the first direction valve 33 is connected to the input end of the radiator assembly 27 through a pipeline, the output end of the radiator assembly 27 is connected to the inlet of the second direction valve 34 through a pipeline, and the other outlet of the second direction valve 34 is connected to the input end of the second pump body 31 through a pipeline.
In some embodiments, the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 may be both three-way valves, and preferably, the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 are both electromagnetic three-way valves, and the thermal management system at the cooling condition at least includes any one of the following operation modes:
referring to fig. 2 to 6, in the drawings, a solid line indicates that the loop is conductive, and a dotted line indicates that the loop is non-conductive, which is understood with specific reference to each mode.
In the first operation mode, as shown in fig. 2, the pipes of the battery module and the second pump body 31 corresponding to the radiator assembly 27 are conducted so that the cooling medium can be transferred therebetween, and the heat dissipation fan 28 is turned on to disperse the heat of the radiator assembly 27, thereby lowering the temperature of the cooling medium in the second circuit 3, so that the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the battery module is higher than the temperature of the cooling medium flowing into the battery module, and the battery module is cooled by the circulation cooling. In this mode, only the cooling fan 28 needs to be turned on, and cooling components such as the compressor 12 do not need to be turned on, so that not only is the cooling effect realized, but also the energy consumption is effectively saved.
In a second operation mode, as shown in fig. 3, the battery module and the second pump body 31 are conducted with the pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger 11, and the compressor 12 and the condenser 13 are also conducted with the pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger 11, and the cooling fan 28 is turned on, which is equivalent to that the battery module and the second pump body 31 are respectively connected in parallel with the compressor 12 and the condenser 13 through the plate heat exchanger 11, so that the mode is equivalent to that the battery module is connected with the variable frequency air conditioner, the cooling strength of the battery module can be increased, the cooling circuit 1 and the battery module realize heat exchange at the plate heat exchanger 11, and the cooling speed of the battery module is faster.
In a third operating mode, as shown in fig. 4, the pipelines of the battery module and the second pump body 31 corresponding to the plate heat exchanger 11 are conducted, which is equivalent to that the battery module and the second pump body 31 are connected in series with the plate heat exchanger 11 for cooling the battery module, and in this mode, the second pump body 31 is equivalent to that the cooling medium circulates in the first circuit 2, so that the battery module is cooled, and self-circulation cooling is realized.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, an electronic thermostat 8 is also provided on the first circuit 2, the electronic thermostat 8 being provided in the conduit between the electric machine module and the radiator assembly 27.
In some embodiments, the thermal management system comprises at least the following modes of operation during heating conditions:
in a fourth operating mode, as shown in fig. 5, the battery module and the second pump body 31 are conducted with the pipeline corresponding to the heat sink assembly 27, and the motor module and the pipeline corresponding to the first pump body 21 and the heat sink assembly 27 are conducted; equivalent to the battery module and the second pump body 31 are connected in series with the radiator assembly 27, the motor module and the first pump body 21 are connected in series with the radiator assembly 27, and the heat radiation fan 28 does not work and is used for heating the battery module.
It can be understood that the heat generated by the operation of the motor system during the driving process of the working vehicle is not dissipated through the cooling fan 28, but stored in the radiator assembly 27 to heat the battery module, so that the effective utilization of the heat is realized, and the heating requirement of the battery module in the low-temperature environment is met.
In some embodiments, the battery module includes a plurality of battery packs 32 arranged in parallel, each battery pack 32 having an electrically heated film (not shown) disposed thereon;
in the fifth operation mode, if the temperature of the battery module is not too low, the electric heating module can be directly started for heating the battery module.
In some embodiments, the thermal management system of the work vehicle further includes a main controller and a detection unit disposed on each pipeline, and the main controller is respectively connected to the detection unit, the first direction valve 33, the second direction valve 34, the first pump body 21, the second pump body 31, the compressor 12, the cooling fan 28, and the like.
The controller can control the opening of each of the first reversing valve 33 and the second reversing valve 34 to be switched on and off according to the related information of the cooling medium temperature and the refrigerant obtained by the detection unit, control the first pump body 21, the second pump body 31, the compressor 12 and the heat dissipation fan 28 to work, select different working modes to circularly cool and heat the battery module, and realize the automatic control of the thermal management system of the working vehicle.
The detection element may be a temperature sensor arranged on each pipeline and used for acquiring relevant information of the cooling medium and feeding the information back to the controller in time, or may include a pressure sensor and the like, and the specific element setting is selected according to the use condition.
In some embodiments, the first pump body 21 and the second pump body 31 are both water pumps, and water tanks are further disposed on the first circuit 2 and the second circuit 3, and the positions of the water tanks and the water pumps in the respective circuits can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
Wherein, the water tank can be established ties respectively in first return circuit 2 and second return circuit 3, and the water tank can provide the cooling water for the water pump, as the component of storage cooling water.
The water tanks can also be respectively arranged in the first loop 2 and the second loop 3 in parallel, and only play a role of standby without directly referring to the heating and cooling processes. The specific setting is selected according to the actual use condition.
In some embodiments, the radiator assembly 27 is disposed side by side on one side of the condenser 13, and the radiator fan 28 is disposed between the radiator assembly 27 and the condenser 13, so as to selectively dissipate heat from the condenser 13 or the radiator assembly 27.
In addition, the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 in the present invention may be manual valves, and the control of the whole thermal management system is realized through manual control by an operator. The respective compressor 12, radiator fan 28 and pump body may be manually controlled by switches.
Referring to fig. 2 to fig. 6, the technical solution of the present invention is illustrated in detail with reference to the parameters in conjunction with the above description:
according to the actual use working condition, the following two working conditions generally exist in the battery:
one is that the battery is in the charging process, especially when using the double gun to fill soon, and battery temperature rises very fast, needs cooling.
Secondly, in a low-temperature environment, if the temperature of the battery module is too low, the performance of the battery module is deteriorated, thereby affecting the service life of the battery module, and therefore, the battery module needs to be heated.
Specifically, the battery module can have the following modes in the cooling process:
as shown in fig. 2, the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 respectively have a first opening 341, a second opening 342 and a third opening 343, wherein the first opening 341 of the first direction valve 33 is connected to the battery module through a pipe; the first opening 341 of the second direction valve 34 is connected to the second pump body 31 through a pipeline, and the second pump body 31 is connected to the battery module through a pipeline.
The second openings 342 of the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 are connected with the plate heat exchanger 11 through pipelines; the third openings 343 of the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 are connected to the radiator module 27 through pipes.
In addition, a first temperature sensor 4 is provided on each battery pack 32, and a user acquires the temperature of each battery; a second temperature sensor 5 is provided on the condenser 13 for detecting the ambient temperature.
And a third temperature sensor 6 and a fourth temperature sensor 7 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the plate heat exchanger 11, and a user obtains the temperature of a water inlet and the temperature of a water outlet.
In the first operation mode, as shown in fig. 2, the first opening 341 and the third opening 343 of the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 are respectively opened, the second opening 342 is closed, so that the battery module, the radiator assembly 27 and the second pump body 31 form the cooling circulation loop 1, and the heat dissipation fan 28 is turned on to dissipate the heat of the radiator assembly 27 through the heat dissipation fan 28, so that the compressor 12 does not need to be turned on for cooling, thereby ensuring that the heat generated by the battery module is dissipated in time during the parking and charging process, and preventing the battery module from being damaged due to an excessively high temperature.
At the moment, the working vehicle stops to charge, the motor module does not work equivalently, and the motor module does not need to be cooled through the radiator assembly 27, so that the radiator assembly 27 of the motor module is connected into the battery module to radiate heat for the motor module, the effective utilization of the self elements of the working vehicle when the working vehicle is idle is equivalent, a heat radiating device of the motor module is not required to be additionally arranged, the space is saved, the structural arrangement of a heat management system of the working vehicle is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low; and can satisfy the heat dissipation requirement in the battery module charging process.
In the second operating mode, as shown in fig. 3, the first and second openings 341 and 342 of the first and second directional valves 33 and 34 are respectively open, and the third opening 343 is closed, so that the battery module and the second pump body 31 are connected in the cooling circuit 1 of the electric machine module, i.e. the battery module is equipped with an inverter air conditioner.
Specifically, the battery module is circularly connected with the second pump body 31 and the plate heat exchanger 11, the compressor 12 and the condenser 13 are circularly connected, and the cooling fan 28 is started; so that plate heat exchanger 11, compressor 12 and condenser 13 circulation refrigeration to exchange through the heat that plate heat exchanger 11 and battery module produced, thereby cool off for battery module, simultaneously through radiator fan 28 with the heat effluvium, the radiating effect is better, guarantees to park the heat that the charging process produced battery module in time and looses, prevents that battery module's high temperature from damaging.
In a third operating mode, as shown in fig. 4, the first 341 and second 342 openings of the first 33 and second 34 reversing valves are respectively open, and the third opening 343 is closed, so that the battery module and the second pump body 31 are not connected to the cooling circuit 1 of the electric machine module. The battery module, the second pump body 31, and the plate cooler form a self-circulating cooling circuit 1, and the circulation of the cooling medium is controlled by the second pump body 31.
For the three modes listed above, it is more suitable to select which operation mode to start for cooling according to the ambient temperature and the system temperature during actual use, and the following description will be given by taking specific examples.
TABLE 1 control logic table for cooling mode selection based on temperature
Figure BDA0003385736880000121
In table 1, Tmax represents the maximum temperature value at the temperature measurement point in the battery module; tmin represents the lowest temperature of temperature measuring points in the battery module, and can be understood as that a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged in the battery module, wherein the measured temperature value is 30 ℃ at most, and the measured minimum temperature value is 26 ℃, namely the battery module is cooled when the high temperature range of the battery module is between 26 ℃ and 30 ℃.
In table 1 above, T1 represents the inlet temperature, which is the inlet temperature of the plate heat exchanger 11 measured by the third temperature sensor 6.
In table 1 above, T2 represents the ambient temperature, which is determined by the temperature of the environment in which the battery module is located, measured by the fourth temperature sensor 7.
Each temperature value in table 1 above can be adjusted accordingly according to the use condition.
Specifically, the battery module may have the following modes in the low-temperature heating process:
as shown in fig. 6, an electronic thermostat 8 is disposed on the first circuit 2 where the motor module is located, and when the motor module is in cold start, warm-up and small load, the cooling medium directly flows back to the water pump through a small valve of the electronic thermostat 8, so as to realize small circulation, and quickly raise the temperature of the cooling medium in the first circuit 2.
When the motor module runs at full load, the motor module needs higher cooling capacity, the small valve is closed through the electronic thermostat 8, the small circulation channel is cut off, the large valve is opened, the large circulation is realized, and the cooling medium in the first loop 2 is cooled rapidly.
In the fourth operation mode, as shown in fig. 5, the first opening 341 and the third opening 343 of the first direction valve 33 and the second direction valve 34 are respectively opened, the second opening 342 is closed, and the electronic thermostat 8, the first pump body 21, and the second pump body 31 are simultaneously opened, so that the heat dissipation fan 28 is not started. At this time, it is equivalent to that the battery module and the motor module are connected in parallel, the heat generated in the working process of the motor module is stored in the radiator assembly 27, the battery module is connected with the radiator assembly 27 through the second pump body 31, and the heat in the radiator assembly 27 can be transferred to the battery module, so that in a low-temperature environment, the battery module can be heated through the heat generated in the working process of the motor module, the heat energy of the motor module is effectively utilized, and meanwhile, the motor module is cooled, not only is the compressor 12 not required to be started, but also the heat dissipation fan 28 and other energy consumption energy is not required to be consumed to cool the motor module, and an additional heating device is not required to heat the battery module, so that a good energy-saving effect is realized.
In a fifth mode of operation, when the temperature of the motor module is not very high, the electronic thermostat 8 may be turned off, thereby activating the electric heating film to allow the electric heating film mounted on the battery module to heat the battery module. Both the first circuit 2 and the second circuit 3 are now inactive.
For the two modes listed above, it is more suitable to select which operation mode to turn on for heating according to the ambient temperature and the system temperature during actual use, and the following description will be given by taking specific examples.
TABLE 2 control logic table for heating mode selection based on temperature
Figure BDA0003385736880000141
In table 1, Tmax represents the maximum temperature value at the temperature measurement point in the battery module; tmin represents the lowest temperature of temperature measuring points in the battery module, and can be understood as that a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged in the battery module, wherein the measured temperature value is 28 ℃ at most, and the measured temperature value is 12 ℃ at least, namely the battery module is heated and heated when the low temperature range of the battery module is 12-28 ℃.
In table 1 above, T1 represents the inlet temperature, which is the inlet temperature of the plate heat exchanger 11 measured by the third temperature sensor 6.
Each temperature value in table 1 above can be adjusted accordingly according to the use condition.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment provides a work vehicle including the above thermal management system of a work vehicle, which may be a crane, a loader, a blender, an excavator, a bulldozer, or the like.
The invention is characterized in that: by controlling the on and off of the first and second direction valves 33 and 34 in different connecting lines, various cooling and heating modes of the battery module can be realized, so that the battery module can be cooled based on the cooling loop 1 of the work vehicle itself, the battery module can be heated based on the heat generated by the work of the work vehicle, and the battery module is cooled by self-circulation and is heated by the self-heating device.
The cooling device in idle state in the working vehicle can be effectively utilized, and a heat dissipation device of the motor module is not required to be additionally arranged, so that the space is saved, the structural arrangement of the heat management system of the working vehicle is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low; and can satisfy the heat dissipation requirement in the battery module charging process.
Can be with in the heat transfer to battery module in the radiator assembly 27 to under low temperature environment, can heat for battery module through the heat that produces in the motor module working process, effectively utilized motor module's waste heat, cooled off for motor module simultaneously, not only need not open compressor 12, energy consumptions such as cooling blower 28 go to cool off for motor module, need not additional heating device in addition and heat for battery module, realize good energy-conserving effect.
In addition, the battery module and the motor module respectively circulate independently, and compared with the prior art that the battery module and the motor module are connected in series in a partial heat pipeline system, the battery module is heated by heat generated by the working of the motor module, so that the operation is simple, the structure control is convenient, and the difficulty in controlling the system is not increased because the temperature difference between the battery module and the motor module is overlarge.
It should be noted that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but the basis of the combination is that those skilled in the art can implement the combination; when the technical solutions in combination are mutually contradictory or cannot be realized, the technical solutions in combination are not considered to exist, and the technical solutions in combination do not belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A thermal management system for a work vehicle, comprising:
a cooling circuit;
a first circuit comprising an electric machine module, the first circuit being arranged side-by-side with the cooling circuit such that the cooling circuit cools the electric machine module;
a second circuit comprising a battery module, a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve;
the battery module is connected with the cooling loop through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve respectively, so that the cooling loop cools the battery module;
the battery module is connected with the first loop through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve respectively, so that the first loop heats the battery module.
2. The work vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the cooling circuit comprises a plate heat exchanger, a compressor and a condenser, and a plurality of correspondingly disposed tubes;
the first loop further comprises a first pump body, a radiator assembly and a plurality of pipelines which are correspondingly arranged, and the radiator assembly is provided with a heat radiation fan;
the second loop further comprises a second pump body and a plurality of pipelines correspondingly arranged, and the battery module is connected with the second pump body in series and is connected with the plate heat exchanger in series or connected with the radiator assembly in series through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve.
3. The thermal management system of a work vehicle of claim 2,
the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are electromagnetic three-way valves, and the thermal management system at least comprises any one of the following working modes under the cooling working condition:
in the first working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with the pipeline corresponding to the radiator assembly, and the cooling fan is started and used for cooling the battery module;
in a second working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger, the compressor and the condenser are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger, and the cooling fan is started and used for cooling the battery module;
and in a third working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the plate heat exchanger and used for carrying out self-circulation cooling on the battery module.
4. The work vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein an electronic thermostat is also provided on the first circuit;
the electronic thermostat is arranged on a pipeline between the motor module and the radiator assembly.
5. The work vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein the thermal management system comprises at least the following modes of operation during a heating condition:
and in a fourth working mode, the battery module and the second pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the radiator assembly, and the motor module and the first pump body are communicated with a pipeline corresponding to the radiator assembly and used for heating the battery module.
6. The work vehicle thermal management system of claim 5, wherein said battery module comprises a plurality of battery packs arranged in parallel, each of said battery packs having an electrically heated film disposed thereon;
and in a fifth working mode, the electric heating die is started for heating the battery module.
7. The work vehicle thermal management system according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising a main controller, and detection units provided on the cooling circuit, the first circuit, and the first circuit, respectively;
the main controller is connected with the detection unit, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve.
8. The work vehicle thermal management system of claim 7, wherein the detection unit comprises a temperature sensor for obtaining a water inlet temperature in each circuit, and an ambient temperature;
and the main controller controls the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve to select corresponding working modes according to the water inlet temperature and the environment temperature.
9. The work vehicle thermal management system of claim 2, wherein the motor module comprises a four-in-one controller, at least one motor and at least one correspondingly arranged motor controller, the motor controller is configured to control the motor, and the four-in-one controller is configured to control the motor controller;
the output end of the first pump body is communicated with the input end pipeline of the four-in-one controller, and the output end of the motor is communicated with the input end pipeline of the radiator assembly.
10. A work vehicle, characterized by comprising a thermal management system of a work vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202111450567.5A 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Work vehicle and thermal management system thereof Pending CN114132169A (en)

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