CN217455588U - Thermal management system and engineering machinery - Google Patents

Thermal management system and engineering machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217455588U
CN217455588U CN202221564201.0U CN202221564201U CN217455588U CN 217455588 U CN217455588 U CN 217455588U CN 202221564201 U CN202221564201 U CN 202221564201U CN 217455588 U CN217455588 U CN 217455588U
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heating
heat
thermal management
management system
heat exchanger
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刘同庆
李宏涛
黄文雪
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Sany Heavy Machinery Ltd
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Sany Heavy Machinery Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to an engineering machine tool technical field, concretely relates to thermal management system and engineering machine tool. The thermal management system comprises: a motor heat dissipation system; the hydraulic cooling system comprises a hydraulic oil heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is connected with the motor heat dissipation system and forms a first heating system for heating a cab; and/or a second heating system for heating the cab is formed by the first pump and the hydraulic oil heat exchanger. The utility model discloses a heat exchanger utilizes motor cooling system and hydraulic pressure cooling system's heat to heat the driver's cabin, can make full use of motor cooling system and hydraulic pressure cooling system's heat, reduced energy loss, and waste heat utilization is high, can promote engineering machine's duration by a wide margin winter.

Description

Thermal management system and engineering machinery
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an engineering machine tool technical field, concretely relates to thermal management system and engineering machine tool.
Background
The cruising ability is one of the most important performance indexes of the electric excavator, so how to improve the electric energy use efficiency of the electric excavator is a constant theme of the design of the electric excavator.
The electric hydraulic excavator is in the process of converting electric energy into mechanical energy, the energy conversion efficiency is still low, a large amount of electric energy is converted into heat energy consumption through a hydraulic system and a motor driving system to be dissipated, if the residual heat energy can be recycled, the service efficiency of electric energy of the electric excavator can be improved, and the cruising ability of the electric excavator is improved.
In the prior art, the integrated heat management system recycles heat emitted by the controller, the motor water cooling system and the hydraulic system, and most of the heat is used for heating the battery pack. The normal working temperature of the battery cell is 10-25 ℃, and after engineering machinery such as an excavator works for a long time, the temperature of hydraulic oil and the temperature of cooling water are far higher than the temperature required by the battery cell, and the residual heat is partially utilized, but the residual heat utilization efficiency is not high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model lies in overcoming the defect that the waste heat utilization efficiency of the electric engineering machinery among the prior art is not high to a thermal management system and engineering machinery are provided.
In order to solve the above problem, the utility model provides a heat management system, include: a motor heat dissipation system; the hydraulic cooling system comprises a hydraulic oil heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is connected with the motor heat dissipation system and forms a first heating system for heating the cab; and/or a second heating system for heating the cab is formed by the first pump and the hydraulic oil heat exchanger.
Optionally, the heat management system further includes a first electric heater and a second pump, and the first electric heater, the second pump and the heat exchanger form a warm air system; the heat management system only comprises a first heating system, and at least one of the warm air system and the first heating system is in a working state during heating; or the heat management system only comprises a second heating system, and at least one of the warm air system and the second heating system is in an operating state during heating; or the heat management system comprises a first heating system and a second heating system, and at least one of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is in a working state during heating.
Optionally, the heat management system includes a first heating system and a second heating system, and the heat management system further includes a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve, an inlet and a first outlet of the first reversing valve are communicated with the motor heat dissipation system, a second outlet of the first reversing valve is communicated with a heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger, an inlet of the second reversing valve is communicated with a heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger, a first outlet of the second reversing valve is communicated with the motor heat dissipation system, a second outlet of the second reversing valve is communicated with the first pump, and at least one of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is controlled to operate through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve during heating.
Optionally, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are respectively provided with a first working position, a second working position and a third working position, and one of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is controlled by switching the working positions through the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve.
Optionally, the thermal management system further includes a first temperature detection component, a second temperature detection component, and a controller, the first temperature detection component is configured to detect a temperature of coolant in the motor cooling system, the second temperature detection component is configured to detect a temperature of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cooling system, and the controller is electrically connected to the first temperature detection component, the second temperature detection component, the first directional valve, the second directional valve, the first electric heater, the first pump, and the second pump, respectively.
Optionally, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are three-position three-way reversing valves.
Optionally, the thermal management system further includes an air conditioning system for heating or cooling the cab, and the air conditioning system includes a warm air system.
Optionally, the thermal management system further includes a battery heat exchange system, the battery heat exchange system includes a battery heat exchanger, the air conditioning system further includes a compressor and a condenser, and the battery heat exchanger, the compressor and the condenser are connected in sequence.
Optionally, the battery heat exchange system further includes a second electric heater, a third pump and a battery, and the third pump, the battery heat exchanger and the second electric heater are connected in sequence.
The utility model also provides an engineering machine tool, include: the thermal management system is described above.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the heat of the motor heat dissipation system and/or the hydraulic heat dissipation system is utilized to heat the cab through the heat exchanger, the heat of the motor heat dissipation system and the heat of the hydraulic heat dissipation system can be fully utilized, energy loss is reduced, the waste heat utilization rate is high, and the cruising ability of the engineering machinery can be greatly improved in winter or in a low-temperature area.
2. When the heat in the motor heat dissipation system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system is not much, the cab is heated through the first electric heater, and the comfort degree of the cab is improved.
3. The switching of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is realized through the two reversing valves, the structure is simple, and the realization is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a simplified schematic diagram of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
11. a motor; 12. a controller; 13. a fourth pump; 14. a motor radiator; 15. a second liquid storage tank; 21. a hydraulic oil heat exchanger; 22. a main pump; 23. a hydraulic oil radiator; 24. a first main valve; 25. an actuator; 26. a second main valve; 31. a heat exchanger; 32. a first electric heater; 33. a second pump; 41. a first pump; 51. a first direction changing valve; 52. a second directional control valve; 61. a battery heat exchanger; 62. a second electric heater; 63. a third pump; 64. a battery; 65. a first liquid storage tank; 71. a compressor; 72. a condenser; 73. an evaporator; 74. an electromagnetic valve; 75. an expansion valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the thermal management system of the present embodiment includes: the motor cooling system, the hydraulic cooling system and the heat exchanger 31, wherein the hydraulic cooling system comprises a hydraulic oil heat exchanger 21; the heat exchanger 31 is connected with a motor heat dissipation system and forms a first heating system for heating a cab; the heat exchanger 31, the first pump 41, and the hydraulic oil heat exchanger 21 form a second heating system for heating the cab. The motor heat dissipation system dissipates heat from the components such as the motor 11 and the controller 12, and the hydraulic heat dissipation system dissipates heat from the hydraulic oil.
By applying the heat management system of the embodiment, the cab is heated by utilizing the heat of the motor heat dissipation system and the heat of the hydraulic heat dissipation system through the heat exchanger 31, the heat of the motor heat dissipation system and the heat of the hydraulic heat dissipation system can be fully utilized, the energy loss is reduced, the waste heat utilization rate is high, and the cruising ability of the engineering machinery can be greatly improved in winter or in a low-temperature area.
It will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, the cab may be heated using only the heat from the motor heat dissipation system, or the cab may be heated using only the heat from the hydraulic heat dissipation system.
In this embodiment, the thermal management system further includes a first electric heater 32 and a second pump 33, the first electric heater 32, the second pump 33 and the heat exchanger 31 form a warm air system, and at least one of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is in an operating state during heating. When the heat in the motor heat dissipation system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system is not much, the cab is heated through the first electric heater 32, and the comfort level of the cab is improved. It should be noted that the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system may operate independently, or two or three of them may operate simultaneously.
It is understood that, as an alternative embodiment, the thermal management system only comprises the first heating system, and at least one of the warm air system and the first heating system is in an operating state when heating; or the thermal management system only comprises the second heating system, and at least one of the warm air system and the second heating system is in an operating state during heating.
In this embodiment, the thermal management system further includes a first direction valve 51 and a second direction valve 52, an inlet and a first outlet of the first direction valve 51 are communicated with the motor heat dissipation system, a second outlet of the first direction valve 51 is communicated with the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger 31, an inlet of the second direction valve 52 is communicated with the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger 31, a first outlet of the second direction valve 52 is communicated with the motor heat dissipation system, and a second outlet of the second direction valve 52 is communicated with the first pump 41, and when heating is performed, one of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is controlled to operate through the first direction valve 51 and the second direction valve 52. The switching of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is realized through the two reversing valves, the structure is simple, and the realization is convenient. It is to be understood that, as an alternative embodiment, an on-off valve may be provided in each of the heater system, the first heating system, and the second heating system, and the corresponding system may be opened or closed by the on-off valve.
In this embodiment, the first direction valve 51 and the second direction valve 52 each have a first operating position, a second operating position, and a third operating position, and one of the warm air system, the first heating system, and the second heating system is controlled by switching the operating positions of the first direction valve 51 and the second direction valve 52. Specifically, when the first reversing valve 51 is in the first working position and the second reversing valve 52 is in the second working position, the heating system works; when the first reversing valve 51 is in the third working position and the second reversing valve 52 is in the first working position, the first heating system works; when the first direction valve 51 is in the first working position and the second direction valve 52 is in the third working position, the second heating system works. The states of the three systems are switched by reversing the two reversing valves, so that the control is convenient.
Preferably, the first direction valve 51 and the second direction valve 52 are both three-position, three-way direction valves. It is to be understood that other direction changing valves may be used for the first direction changing valve 51 and the second direction changing valve 52 as long as the switching of the three systems can be achieved.
In this embodiment, the thermal management system further includes a first temperature detecting component, a second temperature detecting component, and a controller, the first temperature detecting component is used for detecting the temperature of the cooling liquid in the motor heat dissipation system, the second temperature detecting component is used for detecting the temperature of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic heat dissipation system, the controller is electrically connected to the first temperature detecting component, the second temperature detecting component, the first reversing valve 51, the second reversing valve 52, the first electric heater 32, the first pump 41, and the second pump 33, respectively, and the controller controls the first reversing valve 51, the second reversing valve 52, the first electric heater 32, the first pump 41, and the second pump 33 according to the temperature of the cooling liquid detected by the first temperature detecting component and the temperature of the hydraulic oil detected by the second temperature detecting component.
After the engineering machinery is started, a cab is heated through a warm air system; after the engineering machinery is started for a period of time, the motor heat dissipation system and the hydraulic heat dissipation system can generate certain heat, one of the first heating system and the second heating system is controlled to work through the temperature of the cooling liquid detected by the first temperature detection component and the temperature of the hydraulic oil detected by the second temperature detection component, the system with much heat is fully utilized, the heating efficiency of a cab is improved, and automatic switching is realized.
Preferably, the first temperature detection part and the second temperature detection part are both temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors are used as the first temperature detection part and the second temperature detection part, so that the temperature detection device has the advantages of being fast in dynamic response, strong in adaptability, capable of working in severe environments such as high and low temperatures, strong radiation and the like.
In this embodiment, the thermal management system further includes an air conditioning system that heats or cools the cab, and the air conditioning system includes a warm air system. The air conditioning system further comprises a compressor 71, a condenser 72 and an evaporator 73, wherein the compressor 71, the condenser 72 and the evaporator 73 are sequentially connected, and the air conditioning system heats or cools a cab to improve the comfort of a driver.
In this embodiment, the thermal management system further includes a battery heat exchange system, the battery heat exchange system includes the battery heat exchanger 61, and the battery heat exchanger 61, the compressor 71 and the condenser 72 are connected in sequence. When the temperature of the battery 64 reaches the critical temperature value after the battery 64 continuously works, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the battery heat exchange system is reduced through the battery heat exchanger 61, the temperature of the battery 64 is further reduced, and the phenomenon that the working life and the working efficiency of the battery 64 are influenced due to overhigh temperature is prevented.
Preferably, the air conditioning system further includes a solenoid valve 74 and an expansion valve 75, the compressor 71, the condenser 72 and the battery heat exchanger 61 form a refrigerant circulation branch, the solenoid valve 74 and the expansion valve 75 are connected between the condenser 72 and the battery heat exchanger 61, the on/off of the refrigerant circulation branch can be controlled by the solenoid valve 74, and the opening degree of the refrigerant can be adjusted by the expansion valve 75.
In this embodiment, the battery heat exchange system further includes a second electric heater 62, a third pump 63 and a battery 64, the third pump 63, the battery 64, the battery heat exchanger 61 and the second electric heater 62 are sequentially connected, and the battery heat exchanger 61 is adapted to heat or cool the battery. When the battery 64 needs to be heated, the second electric heater 62 heats the cooling liquid, the cooling liquid flows into the heat exchange channel in the battery 64 after being heated, the heat of the cooling liquid is transferred to the battery 64, and then the battery 64 is heated, so that the temperature of the battery 64 is prevented from being too low. Preferably, the battery heat exchanging system further includes a first tank 65, the first tank 65 storing the cooling liquid, and an inlet and an outlet of the first tank 65 are connected between the third pump 63 and the second electric heater 62.
In this embodiment, the motor heat dissipation system includes a motor 11, a controller 12, a fourth pump 13, a motor heat sink 14, a second liquid storage tank 15, and the like, the motor heat sink 14, the motor 11, the controller 12, and the fourth pump 13 are sequentially connected, an inlet and an outlet of the second liquid storage tank 15 are connected between the motor 11 and the fourth pump 13, the second liquid storage tank 15 is used for storing a coolant, and the motor heat sink 14 is used for dissipating heat of the coolant. The motor 11 and the controller 12 are each provided with a cooling passage through which a cooling liquid flows.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic heat dissipation system further includes a main pump 22, a hydraulic oil radiator 23, a first main valve 24, an actuator 25, a second main valve 26, and the like, where the hydraulic oil heat exchanger 21, the hydraulic oil radiator 23, the main pump 22, the first main valve 24, the actuator 25, the second main valve 26, and the like are sequentially connected, the main pump 22 is configured to deliver hydraulic oil to the actuator 25, and the hydraulic oil radiator 23 is configured to dissipate heat of the hydraulic oil.
It should be noted that the coolant circulating in the motor heat dissipation system, the battery heat dissipation system, the warm air system, the first heating system, and the second heating system is water, the first electric heater 32 and the second electric heater 62 are both PTC heaters or infrared heaters or electromagnetic heaters, the battery heat exchanger 61 and the hydraulic oil heat exchanger 21 are plate heat exchangers or shell-and-tube heat exchangers, and the first pump 41, the second pump 33, the third pump 63, and the fourth pump 13 are water pumps.
The operation of the thermal management system is described as follows:
the battery heat dissipation system comprises a PTC heater, a water pump, a plate heat exchanger and the like. The water pump supplies power to the circulating water path, when the electric engineering machinery such as the electric excavator needs to heat the battery 64 in a low-temperature environment, the PTC heater is started, the PTC heater heats water, and the water transfers the heat to the battery so as to heat the battery; after the battery 64 continuously works, when the temperature of the battery 64 reaches a critical temperature value, the electromagnetic valve of the refrigerant circulation branch is opened, the expansion valve adjusts the opening degree of the refrigerant, and the temperature of water is reduced through the plate heat exchanger.
In the initial state, the first reversing valve is in the first working position, and the first reversing valve is in the second working position.
When the air conditioning system heats:
the heating mode of the air conditioning system is started in a cold state of electric engineering machinery such as an electric excavator, the warm air system works, the warm air system adopts a PTC heater to heat water, and the cab can be heated by radiating the heat of the water through the heat exchanger 31.
After the electric engineering machinery such as the electric excavator is started for a period of time, for example, when the electric excavator only performs simple actions, the water temperature of the motor heat dissipation system is greater than the oil temperature of the hydraulic heat dissipation system, the first reversing valve is located at the third working position, the second reversing valve is located at the first working position, water of the motor heat dissipation system flows through the heat exchanger 31 of the warm air system and is used for heating a cab, and the PTC heater and the water pump of the warm air system are closed; for example, when the electric excavator performs complex actions, the water temperature of the motor cooling system and the oil temperature of the hydraulic cooling system are collected and compared, and if the water temperature T1 is greater than the oil temperature T2, the actions are continuously performed; if the water temperature T1 is lower than the oil temperature T2, the water pump of the second heating system operates, and the first direction valve is controlled to be in the first operating position and the second direction valve is controlled to be in the third operating position, so that the hot water in the hydraulic heat dissipation system is introduced into the heat exchanger 31 for heating the cab.
When the air conditioning system refrigerates, the electromagnetic valve of the refrigerant circulation branch is opened, the expansion valve regulates the opening degree of the refrigerant, and the purpose of refrigerating the battery is achieved through the evaporator and the compressor.
The utility model also provides an engineering machine tool, it includes: the thermal management system is described above. The heat management system simultaneously utilizes the motor, the controller and the hydraulic oil to generate waste heat to heat the air conditioning system, and the waste heat utilization efficiency is high.
In this embodiment, the construction machine is an electric construction machine, and the electric construction machine is an electric excavator, an electric crane, or the like.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the heat dissipated by the motor, the controller and the hydraulic oil is recycled and used for heating of the air conditioning system, the waste heat recycling efficiency is high, and the cruising ability of the excavator can be greatly improved in winter or in regions with low temperature.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A thermal management system, comprising:
a motor heat dissipation system;
the hydraulic cooling system comprises a hydraulic oil heat exchanger (21);
the heat exchanger (31) is connected with the motor heat dissipation system and forms a first heating system for heating a cab; and/or a second heating system for heating the cab is formed together with the first pump (41) and the hydraulic oil heat exchanger (21).
2. The thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a first electric heater (32) and a second pump (33), the first electric heater (32), the second pump (33), and the heat exchanger (31) forming a warm air system;
the heat management system only comprises a first heating system, and at least one of the warm air system and the first heating system is in a working state during heating;
or the thermal management system only comprises a second heating system, and at least one of the warm air system and the second heating system is in an operating state during heating;
or the heat management system comprises a first heating system and a second heating system, and at least one of the warm air system, the first heating system and the second heating system is in a working state during heating.
3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein the thermal management system comprises a first heating system and a second heating system, the thermal management system further comprises a first reversing valve (51) and a second reversing valve (52), an inlet and a first outlet of the first reversing valve (51) are communicated with the motor heat dissipation system, a second outlet of the first reversing valve (51) is communicated with a heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger (31), an inlet of the second reversing valve (52) is communicated with a heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger (31), a first outlet of the second reversing valve (52) is communicated with the motor heat dissipation system, a second outlet of the second reversing valve (52) is communicated with the first pump (41), and the warm air system is controlled by the first reversing valve (51) and the second reversing valve (52) during heating, One of the first heating system and the second heating system operates.
4. The thermal management system of claim 3, wherein the first direction valve (51) and the second direction valve (52) each have a first operating position, a second operating position, and a third operating position, and wherein one of the warm air system, the first heating system, and the second heating system is controlled by switching the operating positions of the first direction valve (51) and the second direction valve (52).
5. The thermal management system according to claim 3, further comprising a first temperature detecting component for detecting a temperature of the cooling liquid in the motor heat dissipation system, a second temperature detecting component for detecting a temperature of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic heat dissipation system, and a controller electrically connected to the first temperature detecting component, the second temperature detecting component, the first direction changing valve (51), the second direction changing valve (52), the first electric heater (32), the first pump (41), and the second pump (33), respectively.
6. The thermal management system of claim 3, wherein the first direction valve (51) and the second direction valve (52) are each three-position, three-way direction valves.
7. The thermal management system of claim 2, further comprising an air conditioning system that heats or cools a cab, the air conditioning system comprising the warm air system.
8. The thermal management system of claim 7, further comprising a battery heat exchange system including a battery heat exchanger (61), and the air conditioning system further comprising a compressor (71) and a condenser (72), wherein the battery heat exchanger (61), the compressor (71) and the condenser (72) are connected in sequence.
9. The thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein the battery heat exchanging system further comprises a second electric heater (62), a third pump (63) and a battery (64), and the third pump (63), the battery (64), the battery heat exchanger (61) and the second electric heater (62) are connected in sequence.
10. A work machine, comprising: the thermal management system of any of claims 1 to 9.
CN202221564201.0U 2022-06-21 2022-06-21 Thermal management system and engineering machinery Active CN217455588U (en)

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CN202221564201.0U CN217455588U (en) 2022-06-21 2022-06-21 Thermal management system and engineering machinery

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CN202221564201.0U CN217455588U (en) 2022-06-21 2022-06-21 Thermal management system and engineering machinery

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115848098A (en) * 2023-02-14 2023-03-28 华侨大学 Pure electric drive excavator and whole vehicle thermal management system thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115848098A (en) * 2023-02-14 2023-03-28 华侨大学 Pure electric drive excavator and whole vehicle thermal management system thereof

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