CN117059966B - Battery thermal management control method and system based on three-source heat pump architecture - Google Patents

Battery thermal management control method and system based on three-source heat pump architecture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117059966B
CN117059966B CN202311300658.XA CN202311300658A CN117059966B CN 117059966 B CN117059966 B CN 117059966B CN 202311300658 A CN202311300658 A CN 202311300658A CN 117059966 B CN117059966 B CN 117059966B
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temperature
comparison
battery
comparison temperature
current battery
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CN117059966A (en
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于悦
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Tianjin Longchuang Century Automotive Design Co ltd
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Tianjin Longchuang Century Automotive Design Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to a battery thermal management control method and a system based on a three-source heat pump architecture, comprising the following steps: judging the whole vehicle state of the vehicle, and sending a whole vehicle state signal to the BMS battery management unit by the whole vehicle controller; acquiring the ambient temperature of the environment where the vehicle is located and the current battery temperature, calling a battery temperature comparison strategy according to the whole vehicle state to output a thermal management requirement of a corresponding type to be executed, and comparing the current battery temperature with a preset ambient temperature regulation interval to obtain a target temperature; the TMS battery thermal management unit receives thermal management requirements, and adjusts the actual water temperature to the target temperature by controlling the thermal management control system. The invention can more efficiently utilize the air source and the motor waste heat to carry out temperature thermal management on the battery.

Description

Battery thermal management control method and system based on three-source heat pump architecture
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to a battery thermal management control method and a battery thermal management control system based on a three-source heat pump architecture.
Background
The duty ratio of the pure heavy truck in the heavy truck type is gradually increased at present. The biggest pain point affecting the electric vehicle is the endurance mileage. For pure heavy truck types, high-capacity batteries up to 280kwh or 320kwh are generally mounted, and at this time, the power consumption of the batteries is greatly different at different temperatures. The optimal discharging temperature of the battery body is different under different working conditions. The battery thermal management system provides a cooling function when the temperature of the battery pack is too high; meanwhile, effective heating measures are provided for the battery, and the performance requirements of low-temperature use are met. The battery thermal management system controls the temperature of the battery pack more uniformly, prolongs the service life of the whole battery pack, and improves the performance of the whole vehicle.
The prior thermal management scheme of the cold heavy-duty battery is as follows:
(1) battery heating film and battery unit refrigeration mode. Wherein the heating film heats the battery when the battery is at a low temperature. When the battery is at high temperature, the compressor is started to refrigerate the battery
(2) A battery thermal management unit mode, wherein a WPTC heats the battery; the compressor gives the battery a reduced temperature. The strategy is as follows: when the temperature of the battery is lower than 10 ℃, starting the WPTC, and heating the battery; the temperature of the battery is higher than 35 ℃, the compressor is started, and the battery is cooled.
The two schemes have the defects that: the battery is effectively controlled under the non-split working condition and the split temperature region, and the battery temperature is controlled to be 'interference', so that the energy consumption is high; whether heating the film or WPTC is itself energy intensive.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method and a system for controlling battery thermal management based on a three-source heat pump architecture.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a battery thermal management control method based on a three-source heat pump architecture comprises the following steps:
judging the whole vehicle state of the vehicle, and sending a whole vehicle state signal to the BMS battery management unit by the whole vehicle controller;
acquiring the ambient temperature of the environment where the vehicle is located and the current battery temperature, calling a battery temperature comparison strategy according to the whole vehicle state to output a thermal management requirement of a corresponding type to be executed, and comparing the current battery temperature with a preset ambient temperature regulation interval to obtain a target temperature;
the TMS battery thermal management unit receives thermal management requirements, and adjusts the actual water temperature to the target temperature by controlling the thermal management control system.
In the invention, preferably, the whole vehicle state comprises parking, running and charging, the thermal management requirements comprise no requirement, active cooling, passive cooling, common circulation and heating, the battery temperature comparison strategy is set to be that when the whole vehicle state is in the parking state, the first strategy is called to judge whether the residual electric quantity of the battery is sufficient, if yes, the current battery temperature is compared with the second comparison temperature, the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the second comparison temperature, the output type is active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common heating; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating, and if the current battery temperature is not satisfied, the output type is unnecessary; otherwise, comparing the current battery temperature with the first comparison temperature, the second comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the first comparison temperature, outputting the type of active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the second comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the second comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; when the whole vehicle state is in a running state, comparing the current battery temperature with the third comparison temperature, the fifth comparison temperature and the sixth comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the third comparison temperature, outputting the type of active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fifth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the sixth comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fifth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the sixth comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; when the whole vehicle state is in a charging state, a second strategy is called to judge whether the charging time of the vehicle is overtime, if so, the current battery temperature is compared with the second comparison temperature, the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the second comparison temperature, the output type is active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; otherwise, comparing the current battery temperature with the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the fourth comparison temperature, actively cooling the battery in an output type; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if none of the output types are satisfied, the output type is not required.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the first comparison temperature is 45 ℃, the second comparison temperature is 40 ℃, the third comparison temperature is 38 ℃, the fourth comparison temperature is 35 ℃, the fifth comparison temperature is 32 ℃, the sixth comparison temperature is 20 ℃, the seventh comparison temperature is 10 ℃, the eighth comparison temperature is-10 ℃, and the ninth comparison temperature is 30 ℃.
In the present invention, preferably, the first policy is to detect a remaining battery power, and when the remaining battery power is less than 50%, determine that the remaining battery power is insufficient; when the remaining battery power is 50% or more, the remaining battery power is determined to be sufficient.
In the present invention, preferably, the second policy is to detect a charging time period of the vehicle, and determine the charging time period of the vehicle as a timeout when the charging time period of the vehicle is 12 hours or longer; when the charge duration of the vehicle is less than 12 hours, the charge duration of the vehicle is determined not to timeout.
The battery thermal management control method is adopted for a battery thermal management control system based on a three-source heat pump architecture, and the system comprises a refrigerant side loop, a cooling liquid side loop and a warm air loop;
the refrigerant side loop comprises a water-cooled condenser, a first condenser, an electric compressor, a first plate type heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, a second plate type heat exchanger and a third electronic expansion valve, wherein the output port of the electric compressor is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant outlet of the water-cooled condenser is respectively connected with the refrigerant inlet of the first plate type heat exchanger and the input end of the first condenser, the water-cooled condenser is connected with the input end of the first condenser through a stop valve, the output end of the first condenser is connected with the input end of the evaporator through the third electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant outlet of the first plate type heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the electric compressor, the refrigerant inlet of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the first condenser, and the refrigerant outlet of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the electric compressor;
the cooling liquid side loop comprises a radiator, an electronic fan, a first three-way valve, an expansion kettle, an all-in-one controller, an MCU, a motor, an electric drive water pump, a four-way valve, a battery pack and a battery water pump, wherein the electronic fan, the first three-way valve, the expansion kettle, the all-in-one controller, the MCU, the electric drive water pump, the four-way valve, the battery pack and the battery water pump are oppositely arranged;
the warm air loop comprises a feed water heater, a warm air water pump, a second three-way valve and a warm air core body, wherein the input end of the feed water heater is connected with a cold water outlet of the water-cooled condenser, the output end of the feed water heater is connected with an a port of the second three-way valve through the warm air water pump, a b port of the second three-way valve is connected with the input end of the warm air core body, the output end of the warm air core body is connected with a cold water inlet of the water-cooled condenser through a second three-way pipe, and a c port of the second three-way valve is connected with a fourth three-way pipe.
In the present invention, preferably, a first temperature sensor is disposed between the electric compressor and the water-cooled condenser, an output end of the electric compressor is electrically connected with the first temperature sensor, and an input end of the electric compressor is electrically connected with a second temperature sensor.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the invention, according to the property of the battery, based on simulation and real vehicle test, different working conditions are specified to perform active cooling, passive cooling, common circulation, passive heating and active heating on the battery temperature division region. Wherein the active cooling turns on the compressor to cool the battery; the passive cooling starts the fan to cool the battery; starting a water pump for battery self-circulation in a common circulation way; the heat pump is started by using the waste heat of the motor and the WPTC supplements heat for heating; the strategy realizes the temperature control of the battery partition based on the three-source heat pump architecture, and more efficiently utilizes the air source and the motor waste heat to carry out the temperature heat management on the battery; the strategy provides that when the vehicle is parked, the temperature of the battery can be monitored at any time through the remote APP, and the battery is preheated or cooled in advance, so that the battery is at a proper temperature during driving, and more efficient driving power supply is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling thermal management of a battery based on a three-source heat pump architecture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art battery thermal management system architecture;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-source heat pump architecture based on the present invention for a battery thermal management control system;
in the figure: 1. a first electronic expansion valve; 2. a first plate heat exchanger; 3. a stop valve; 4. a first condenser; 5. a heat sink; 6. a first three-way valve; 7. an electronic fan; 8. a water-cooled condenser; 9. an expansion kettle; 10. an all-in-one controller; 11. an MCU; 12. a motor; 13. an electric drive water pump; 14. a four-way valve; 15. a first temperature sensor; 16. an electric compressor; 17. a second temperature sensor; 18. a battery pack; 19. a battery water pump; 20. a second plate heat exchanger; 21. a second electronic expansion valve; 22. a feed water heater; 23. a warm air water pump; 24. a second three-way valve; 25. a warm air core; 26. an evaporator; 27. a blower; 28. a third electronic expansion valve; 29. a first tee; 30. a second tee; 31. a third tee; 32. and a fourth three-way pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The existing heavy truck type adopts battery thermal management, electric drive thermal management and battery to be arranged separately, the architecture is specifically shown in fig. 2, the waste heat of electric drive cannot be utilized, or the utilization efficiency is extremely low, and the specific strategies are shown in the following table 1: (temperature to be calibrated based on different battery properties)
TABLE 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a battery thermal management control method and a system based on a three-source heat pump architecture, comprising the following steps:
judging the whole vehicle state of the vehicle, and sending a whole vehicle state signal to a BMS battery management unit by a whole vehicle controller, wherein the BMS battery management unit is also called a battery management system and mainly used for monitoring the state of each battery cell and the charging time of the vehicle, wherein the state of each battery cell comprises the electric quantity, the temperature and the like of each battery cell, and the whole battery condition comprising the battery temperature can be obtained according to the current condition of each battery cell, so that the battery can be ensured to keep a consistent good state, and meanwhile, the discharging mode, whether discharging is allowed or not and the like of the battery can be controlled;
acquiring the ambient temperature of the environment where the vehicle is located and the current battery temperature, calling a battery temperature comparison strategy according to the whole vehicle state to output a thermal management requirement of a corresponding type to be executed, and comparing the current battery temperature with a preset ambient temperature regulation interval to obtain a target temperature;
the TMS battery thermal management unit receives the thermal management demand and adjusts the actual water temperature to the target temperature by controlling the thermal management control system, specifically, the valve and the electric compressor 16 are controlled to work according to different control thermal management control systems of corresponding types of thermal management demands to be executed. The TMS battery thermal management unit is also called a thermal management controller, and the thermal management controller can monitor the ambient temperature, the water temperature, the battery temperature fed back by the BMS battery management unit and the like, and the thermal management system is controlled through the strategy, so that the battery can work under the optimal temperature and the optimal discharging condition.
In this embodiment, further, the whole vehicle state includes parking, driving and charging, the thermal management requirements include no requirement, active cooling, passive cooling, ordinary circulation and heating, the battery temperature comparison strategy is set to be that when the whole vehicle state is in the parking state, the first strategy is called to judge whether the remaining battery power is sufficient, if yes, the current battery temperature is compared with the second comparison temperature, the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the second comparison temperature, the output type is active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common heating; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating, and if the current battery temperature is not satisfied, the output type is unnecessary; otherwise, comparing the current battery temperature with the first comparison temperature, the second comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the first comparison temperature, outputting the type of active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the second comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the second comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; when the whole vehicle state is in a running state, comparing the current battery temperature with the third comparison temperature, the fifth comparison temperature and the sixth comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the third comparison temperature, outputting the type of active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fifth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the sixth comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fifth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the sixth comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; when the whole vehicle state is in a charging state, a second strategy is called to judge whether the charging time of the vehicle is overtime, if so, the current battery temperature is compared with the second comparison temperature, the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the second comparison temperature, the output type is active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; otherwise, comparing the current battery temperature with the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the fourth comparison temperature, actively cooling the battery in an output type; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if none of the output types are satisfied, the output type is not required.
In this embodiment, further, the first comparison temperature is 45 ℃, the second comparison temperature is 40 ℃, the third comparison temperature is 38 ℃, the fourth comparison temperature is 35 ℃, the fifth comparison temperature is 32 ℃, the sixth comparison temperature is 20 ℃, the seventh comparison temperature is 10 ℃, the eighth comparison temperature is-10 ℃, and the ninth comparison temperature is 30 ℃.
In this embodiment, further, the first policy is to detect a remaining battery power, and determine that the remaining battery power is insufficient when the remaining battery power is less than 50%; when the remaining battery power is 50% or more, the remaining battery power is determined to be sufficient.
In this embodiment, further, the second policy is to detect a charging duration of the vehicle, and determine that the charging duration of the vehicle is timeout when the charging duration of the vehicle is equal to or greater than 12 hours; when the charge duration of the vehicle is less than 12 hours, the charge duration of the vehicle is determined not to timeout.
As shown in fig. 3, the battery thermal management control method is adopted for a battery thermal management control system based on a three-source heat pump architecture, wherein the system comprises a refrigerant side loop, a cooling liquid side loop and a warm air loop;
the refrigerant side loop comprises a water-cooled condenser 8, a first condenser 4, an electric compressor 16, a first plate heat exchanger 2, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, an evaporator 26, a second plate heat exchanger 20 and a third electronic expansion valve 28, wherein the output port of the electric compressor 16 is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the water-cooled condenser 8, the refrigerant outlet of the water-cooled condenser 8 is respectively connected with the refrigerant inlet of the first plate heat exchanger 2 and the input end of the first condenser 4, the water-cooled condenser 8 is connected with the input end of the first condenser 4 through a stop valve 3, the output end of the first condenser 4 is connected with the input end of the evaporator 26 through the third electronic expansion valve 28, the refrigerant outlet of the first plate heat exchanger 2 is connected with the input end of the electric compressor 16, the refrigerant inlet of the second plate heat exchanger 20 is connected with the output end of the first condenser 4, and the refrigerant outlet of the second plate heat exchanger 20 is connected with the input end of the electric compressor 16;
the cooling liquid side loop comprises a radiator 5, an electronic fan 7, a first three-way valve 6, an expansion kettle 9, an all-in-one controller 10, an MCU11, a motor 12, an electric drive water pump 13, a four-way valve 14, a battery pack 18 and a battery water pump 19 which are oppositely arranged with the radiator 5, wherein the port b of the first three-way valve 6 is connected with the input end of the radiator 5, the output end of the radiator 5 is externally connected with a first three-way pipe 29, the port c of the first three-way valve 6 is connected with the hot water inlet of the first plate heat exchanger 2, the hot water outlet of the first plate heat exchanger 2 is connected with the first three-way pipe 29, the port a of the first three-way valve 6 is connected with the output end of the electric drive water pump 13, the input end of the electric drive water pump 13 is connected with the output end of the motor 12, the input end of the motor 12 is connected with the output end of the MCU11, the input end of the MCU11 is connected with the output end of the all-in-one controller 10, the input end of the expansion kettle 9 is connected with the first three-way pipe 29, the output end of the expansion kettle 9 is connected with the input end of the all-in-one controller 10 through the ab port of the four-way valve 14, the output end of the battery pack 18 is connected with the second three-way pipe 30 through the third three-way pipe 31, the output end of the battery pack 18 is connected with the water inlet of the second plate heat exchanger 20 through the third three-way pipe 31, the water outlet of the second plate heat exchanger 20 is connected with the input end of the battery water pump 19 through the cd port of the four-way valve 14 through the fourth three-way pipe 32, and the output end of the battery water pump 19 is connected with the input end of the battery pack 18;
the warm air loop comprises a feed water heater 22, a warm air water pump 23, a second three-way valve 24 and a warm air core 25, wherein the input end of the feed water heater 22 is connected with a cold water outlet of the water-cooled condenser 8, the output end of the feed water heater 22 is connected with an a port of the second three-way valve 24 through the warm air water pump 23, a b port of the second three-way valve 24 is connected with the input end of the warm air core 25, the output end of the warm air core 25 is connected with the cold water inlet of the water-cooled condenser 8 through a second three-way pipe 30, and a c port of the second three-way valve 24 is connected with a fourth three-way pipe 32.
In this embodiment, further, a first temperature sensor 15 is disposed between the electric compressor 16 and the water-cooled condenser 8, an output end of the electric compressor 16 is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor 15, and an input end of the electric compressor 16 is electrically connected to a second temperature sensor 17.
(1) Active cooling mode: energy flow:
refrigerant side: electric compressor 16 (power supplied) →water cooled condenser 8→first condenser 4 (heat release) →second electronic expansion valve 21→second plate heat exchanger 20 (heat absorption) →electric compressor 16
Cooling liquid side: the second plate heat exchanger 20 (where the refrigerant absorbs heat so that the cold zone liquid is cooled down therein), the cd port of the four-way valve 14, the battery water pump 19, the battery pack 18 (cooling), the second plate heat exchanger 20
TABLE 2
According to table 2, when the vehicle is under different working conditions, comparing the ambient temperature with the temperature interval, and when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the eighth comparison temperature and is in an active cooling or passive cooling type, setting the target temperature to be +1 on the basis of the ambient temperature; when the temperature sensor is in the normal circulation type, the set target temperature is not changed on the basis of the ambient temperature; +2 on the basis of the set target temperature at the ambient temperature when in the heating type; when the ambient temperature is greater than the eighth comparison temperature and less than the seventh comparison temperature and is in an active cooling or passive cooling or common circulation type, the set target temperature is not changed on the basis of the ambient temperature; when the heating type is adopted, the target temperature is set to be +1 on the basis of the ambient temperature; when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than the ninth comparison temperature and is in an active cooling or passive cooling type, setting the target temperature to be-1 on the basis of the ambient temperature; when the temperature is in the normal circulation or heating type, the set target temperature is not changed on the basis of the ambient temperature; when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the ninth comparison temperature and is in active cooling or passive cooling, setting the target temperature to be-2 on the basis of the ambient temperature; when the temperature is in the common circulation type, the set target temperature is not changed on the basis of the ambient temperature; in the heating type, the target temperature is set to-1 on the basis of the ambient temperature. And when the temperature of the battery reaches a threshold value according to working conditions, starting active cooling. And the threshold value is adjusted at this time according to the difference of the ring temperature. At the moment, the target temperature of the cooling liquid is 15 ℃, and the rotating speed of the electric compressor 16 is controlled by PI regulation according to the actual water temperature and the target water temperature;
(2) passive cooling mode: energy flow:
and (3) cooling liquid: radiator 5 (cold water), expansion kettle 9, ad port of four-way valve 14, battery water pump 19, battery pack 18 (temperature reduction), second plate heat exchanger 20, cb port of four-way valve 14, all-in-one controller 10/MCU 11/motor 12, electric drive water pump 13, ab port of three-way valve, radiator 5
At this time, when the battery temperature does not reach the active cooling threshold, heat dissipation by the radiator 5 is performed. At the moment, the target water temperature of the cooling liquid at the inlet of the battery is 30 ℃, so that the battery can be cooled; at the moment, high-load electric devices such as a compressor and the like are not required to be started, so that energy can be saved greatly, and the endurance is improved.
(3) Normal cycle mode: energy flow:
and (3) cooling liquid: battery water pump 19 → battery pack 18 → cd port of four-way valve 14 → battery water pump 19; in this mode, energy saving can be performed without turning on the electronic fan 7.
(4) Heating mode:
A. when there is no demand for the passenger compartment and the motor 12 outlet temperature meets the battery inlet water temperature:
energy flow: all-in-one/MCU 11/motor 12 (hot water), ac port of three-way valve, first plate heat exchanger 2, expansion kettle 9, ad port of four-way valve 14, battery water pump 19, battery pack 18 (heating), second plate heat exchanger 20, cb port of four-way valve 14, all-in-one/MCU 11/motor 12
B. When there is a demand in the passenger compartment or the outlet temperature of the motor 12 is less than the inlet water temperature demand of the motor 12, the heat pump mode heating needs to be turned on: the heat generated by the motor 12 is absorbed by the heat pump at this time, thereby heating the passenger compartment and the battery side coolant at the condenser, and thereby heating the passenger compartment and the battery. The compressor speed is based on the passenger cabin demand plus the battery demand.
In the prior art, the battery temperature control mode is generally limited to set threshold direct heating or cooling, and the scheme has the greatest defects that the compressor or PTC is excessively started, so that the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is greatly reduced. The strategy of the invention can maximize the reasonable planning of the current architecture for the battery thermal management. For the different working conditions of the vehicle, the heat load generated by the battery is different, different temperature response heat management modes are specified for the battery, the power consumption of the battery for heat management is greatly saved, and the battery can be reasonably planned in the optimal working environment;
the invention aims to solve the three defects, and is characterized in that:
(1) according to the property of the battery, based on simulation and real vehicle test, different working conditions are specified to perform active cooling, passive cooling, common circulation, passive heating and active heating on the battery temperature division area. Wherein the active cooling turns on the compressor to cool the battery; the passive cooling starts the fan to cool the battery; starting a water pump for battery self-circulation in a common circulation way; the heating utilizes the waste heat of the motor 12 to start the heat pump and the WPTC to supplement heat for heating.
(2) The invention realizes the temperature control of the battery partition based on the three-source heat pump architecture, and more efficiently utilizes the waste heat of the air source and the motor 12 to carry out the temperature heat management on the battery.
(3) According to the invention, when the vehicle is parked, the temperature of the battery can be monitored at any time through the remote APP, and the battery is preheated or cooled in advance, so that the battery is at a proper temperature during driving, and more efficient driving power supply is realized.
The foregoing describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by this patent.

Claims (3)

1. The battery thermal management control method based on the three-source heat pump architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
judging the whole vehicle state of the vehicle, and sending a whole vehicle state signal to the BMS battery management unit by the whole vehicle controller;
acquiring the ambient temperature of the environment where the vehicle is located and the current battery temperature, calling a battery temperature comparison strategy according to the whole vehicle state to output a thermal management requirement of a corresponding type to be executed, and comparing the current battery temperature with a preset ambient temperature regulation interval to obtain a target temperature;
the TMS battery thermal management unit receives thermal management requirements and adjusts the actual water temperature to a target temperature by controlling a thermal management control system;
the whole vehicle state comprises parking, driving and charging, the thermal management requirements comprise no requirement, active cooling, passive cooling, common circulation and heating, the battery temperature comparison strategy is set to be that when the whole vehicle state is in the parking state, the first strategy is called to judge whether the residual electric quantity of the battery is sufficient, if yes, the current battery temperature is compared with the second comparison temperature, the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the second comparison temperature, the output type is active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common heating; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating, and if the current battery temperature is not satisfied, the output type is unnecessary; otherwise, comparing the current battery temperature with the first comparison temperature, the second comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the first comparison temperature, outputting the type of active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the second comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the second comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; when the whole vehicle state is in a running state, comparing the current battery temperature with the third comparison temperature, the fifth comparison temperature and the sixth comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the third comparison temperature, outputting the type of active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fifth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the sixth comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fifth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the sixth comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; when the whole vehicle state is in a charging state, a second strategy is called to judge whether the charging time of the vehicle is overtime, if so, the current battery temperature is compared with the second comparison temperature, the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the second comparison temperature, the output type is active cooling; if the current battery temperature is higher than the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is passive cooling; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required; otherwise, comparing the current battery temperature with the fourth comparison temperature and the seventh comparison temperature, and if the current battery temperature is greater than the fourth comparison temperature, actively cooling the battery in an output type; if the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the seventh comparison temperature and less than or equal to the fourth comparison temperature, the output type is common circulation; if the current battery temperature is smaller than the seventh comparison temperature, the output type is heating; if the output types are not satisfied, the output types are not required;
the first comparison temperature is 45 ℃, the second comparison temperature is 40 ℃, the third comparison temperature is 38 ℃, the fourth comparison temperature is 35 ℃, the fifth comparison temperature is 32 ℃, the sixth comparison temperature is 20 ℃, and the seventh comparison temperature is 10 ℃;
the first strategy is to detect the residual battery power, and when the residual battery power is less than 50%, the residual battery power is judged to be insufficient; when the remaining battery power is 50% or more, determining the remaining battery power as sufficient;
the second strategy is to detect the charging time length of the vehicle, and judge the charging time length of the vehicle to be overtime when the charging time length of the vehicle is more than or equal to 12 hours; when the charge duration of the vehicle is less than 12 hours, the charge duration of the vehicle is determined not to timeout.
2. A three-source heat pump architecture-based battery thermal management control system, adopting the three-source heat pump architecture-based battery thermal management control method according to any one of claim 1, characterized in that the system comprises a refrigerant side loop, a cooling liquid side loop and a warm air loop;
the refrigerant side loop comprises a water-cooled condenser, a first condenser, an electric compressor, a first plate type heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, a second plate type heat exchanger and a third electronic expansion valve, wherein the output port of the electric compressor is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the water-cooled condenser, the refrigerant outlet of the water-cooled condenser is respectively connected with the refrigerant inlet of the first plate type heat exchanger and the input end of the first condenser, the water-cooled condenser is connected with the input end of the first condenser through a stop valve, the output end of the first condenser is connected with the input end of the evaporator through the third electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant outlet of the first plate type heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the electric compressor, the refrigerant inlet of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the first condenser, and the refrigerant outlet of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the electric compressor;
the cooling liquid side loop comprises a radiator, an electronic fan, a first three-way valve, an expansion kettle, an all-in-one controller, an MCU, a motor, an electric drive water pump, a four-way valve, a battery pack and a battery water pump, wherein the electronic fan, the first three-way valve, the expansion kettle, the all-in-one controller, the MCU, the electric drive water pump, the four-way valve, the battery pack and the battery water pump are oppositely arranged;
the warm air loop comprises a feed water heater, a warm air water pump, a second three-way valve and a warm air core body, wherein the input end of the feed water heater is connected with a cold water outlet of the water-cooled condenser, the output end of the feed water heater is connected with an a port of the second three-way valve through the warm air water pump, a b port of the second three-way valve is connected with the input end of the warm air core body, the output end of the warm air core body is connected with a cold water inlet of the water-cooled condenser through a second three-way pipe, and a c port of the second three-way valve is connected with a fourth three-way pipe.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein a first temperature sensor is disposed between the electric compressor and the water-cooled condenser, an output end of the electric compressor is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, and an input end of the electric compressor is electrically connected to a second temperature sensor.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05238245A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-17 Nippondenso Co Ltd Warming device for electric vehicle
CN111148643A (en) * 2017-09-26 2020-05-12 艾默生环境优化技术有限公司 Temperature control system and method for vehicle
CN112208294A (en) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-12 东风汽车集团有限公司 Electric automobile heat management system based on waste heat recovery and control method thereof
WO2021169946A1 (en) * 2020-02-25 2021-09-02 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Heat management system of electric vehicle
WO2023134413A1 (en) * 2022-01-14 2023-07-20 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle and control method for thermal management system of pure electric vehicle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05238245A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-17 Nippondenso Co Ltd Warming device for electric vehicle
CN111148643A (en) * 2017-09-26 2020-05-12 艾默生环境优化技术有限公司 Temperature control system and method for vehicle
WO2021169946A1 (en) * 2020-02-25 2021-09-02 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Heat management system of electric vehicle
CN112208294A (en) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-12 东风汽车集团有限公司 Electric automobile heat management system based on waste heat recovery and control method thereof
WO2023134413A1 (en) * 2022-01-14 2023-07-20 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle and control method for thermal management system of pure electric vehicle

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