CN114608448A

CN114608448A - Testing device for influence of fault dislocation on built tunnel based on transparent soil

Info

Publication number: CN114608448A
Application number: CN202011435373.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁炳祥; 陈敏捷; 李志杰; 罗庆姿; 崔臻
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-12-09
Filing date: 2020-12-09
Publication date: 2022-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-09
Also published as: CN114608448B

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for researching the influence of fault dislocation on an established tunnel based on transparent soil, which comprises a model system consisting of a movable transparent box body, a fixed transparent box body, a detachable fault side plate, bottom elastic transparent rubber and a tunnel, wherein the movable transparent box body is arranged on the bottom of the movable transparent box body; the PIV measuring system consists of a HeNe laser transmitter, a special CCD high-speed industrial camera for PIV, a sliding block, a guide rail and a bracket; the traditional measuring system consists of a strain gauge and a data acquisition system; the mechanical arm loading device consists of an upper arm, a lower arm, an upper power type rotary joint, a middle power type rotary joint and a lower power type rotary joint; a computer and a rigid chassis. The mechanical arm loading device drives the movable transparent box body to generate dislocation relative to the fixed transparent box body, different parameters can be input in the process to control the dislocation direction and speed of the fault, and the detachable fault side plate is replaced to realize the function of researching the influence of different fault dislocations on the built tunnel.

Description

Testing device for influence of fault dislocation on built tunnel based on transparent soil

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering tests, in particular to a test device for researching influence on a cross-fault tunnel under the action of a slip fault based on transparent soil.

Background

The linear trend of land-based traffic causes that a large amount of tunnel projects are inevitably constructed in the road and railway construction process, and movable fracture zones are frequently encountered. Under the influence of fault dislocation and surrounding rocks in a broken zone, the tunnel is seriously unevenly settled, so that the tunnel is damaged. Therefore, a series of problems such as the range, deformation characteristics, displacement change characteristics and the like of the cross-fault tunnel affected by fault dislocation are researched, and the method has important significance on the cross-fault tunnel engineering safety.

At present, a theoretical analysis method, a numerical simulation method and a model test method are mainly used for researching the influence of fault dislocation on the cross-fault tunnel. Theoretical analysis methods often need to make a precondition assumption of a relevant model, and the assumed damage model is simpler, so that a calculation result has a larger difference from an actual situation; if the assumed destruction model is divided more finely, the calculation process becomes more cumbersome; the numerical simulation method has the defects that the selection of physical and mechanical parameters of the soil body is difficult, the simulation of the actual conditions of the stress history and the boundary conditions of the soil body is difficult, and the like; the model test is to establish a model structure corresponding to the whole or local tunnel prototype structure according to a certain geometric similarity relation. The whole process of the original structure mechanical characteristics can be observed and explored through the physical model, the model is generally small in geometric size, relevant tests can be completed indoors, meanwhile, due to the fact that the cost of the model test is moderate, the test is not limited by a field and a field, operation is convenient, and results are visual, the model test method becomes a main means for researching stability and deformation of the cross-fault tunnel and surrounding rocks in recent years.

At present, with regard to the research on the influence of the cross-fault tunnel fault fracture under the action of the slip fault, the lining deformation, the strain distribution rule, the lining crack propagation and the formation process of the ground crack under the action of the slip fault are obtained by using the existing model test device. However, the existing test means can only obtain the fracture form of the ground fissure on the surface of the overlying surrounding rock, and the displacement of the soil around the inner lining of the soil, especially the displacement of the soil near the fault dislocation surface, is unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a test device and a method for non-plug-in measurement of the displacement development change of the soil around the inner lining of the soil during the fault dislocation process.

The invention designs a test device for researching the influence of fault dislocation on the built tunnel, which can more truly simulate the influence of different faults and different fault dislocation rates on the built cross-fault tunnel under different actual conditions. Compared with the prior art, the method can not only obtain the influence on the soil body under the action of the walk-slip fault, but also explore the stress strain and displacement conditions caused to the built tunnel.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a test device for researching the influence of fault dislocation on the built tunnel based on transparent soil, and aims to solve the problem that the existing physical model box for simulating the mechanical behavior characteristics of the cross-fault tunnel cannot simulate the displacement of the lining in the soil body under the action of fault dislocation, more truly restore the actual situation of engineering and improve the accuracy of research on the mechanical behavior characteristics of the cross-fault tunnel. In addition, the experimental device can simulate the stress conditions of the cross-fault tunnel with different burial depths under the action of different faults and different fault dislocation rates.

The purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

a test device for researching influence of fault dislocation on an established tunnel based on transparent soil is characterized by comprising a mechanical arm loading device, a model system, a PIV measuring system, a traditional measuring system, a computer and a rigid base. A model system is arranged on the rigid base; and a PIV measuring system is arranged on the side surface of the model system and is used for measuring the internal displacement and deformation of the model.

As a preferable scheme, the model system comprises a fixed transparent box body, a movable transparent box body, bottom elastic transparent rubber, a tunnel and a detachable fault side plate. The fixed transparent box body is fixed on the rigid base through the fixed support; the movable transparent box body is connected with the mechanical arm loading devices on the two sides; the fixed transparent box body is connected with the bottom of the movable transparent box body through elastic transparent rubber; the front side and the rear side of the fixed transparent box body and the movable transparent box body are respectively provided with a T-shaped notch with the same depth as the box body with the transparent soil loaded inside; the two side faces of the fixed transparent box body and the movable transparent box body are connected by detachable fault side plates. The fixed transparent box body, the movable transparent box body, the elastic transparent rubber at the bottom and the detachable fault side plate are spliced to form a rectangular box body. The tunnel is placed in the rectangular box body. The fixed transparent box body and the movable transparent box body are made of acrylic transparent glass.

Preferably, the detachable fault side plate comprises a left side plate, a side elastic transparent rubber and a right side plate. The left side plate and the right side plate are both transparent acrylic glass plates; the left side plate is connected with the right side plate by side elastic transparent rubber; the inclination angles of the left side plate, the side elastic transparent rubber and the right side plate are the same. The left side plate and the right side plate are both T-shaped and are embedded in T-shaped notches of the fixed transparent box body and the movable transparent box body. Because the simulated cross-fault tunnel physical model box provided by the invention is mainly used for simulating the damage process of a cross-fault tunnel indoors, the inclination angles of the left side plate, the side elastic transparent rubber and the right side plate can be determined according to the original structure and the proportional relation between the physical model box and the original structure.

Preferably, the mechanical arm loading device comprises an upper arm, a lower arm, an upper power type rotary joint, a middle power type rotary joint and a lower power type rotary joint. The upper part of the mechanical arm loading device is connected with the model system, and the bottom of the mechanical arm loading device is fixed on the rigid base. The mechanical arm loading device can input different parameters through a computer to adjust the movement direction and the movement speed of the mechanical arm, so that the direction and the speed of the movement of the movable transparent box body connected with the mechanical arm loading device are driven. The bottom of the mechanical arm loading device is fixed on the rigid base at a position which does not influence the movement of the movable transparent box body.

As a preferable scheme, the PIV measuring system comprises a HeNe laser transmitter and a special PIV CCD high-speed industrial camera, and can realize random position slicing in a model and monitor the change of a displacement field. The HeNe laser transmitter is connected with a sliding block and can slide on the guide rail. The slider is connected with a computer, and the moving speed of a HeNe laser transmitter connected with the slider is controlled by the computer. The guide rail is connected with the bracket and is placed on the rigid base together with the special CCD high-speed industrial camera for PIV. The HeNe laser transmitter emits stable red laser to form a laser slice, and a laser speckle field is formed in the transparent soil. The HeNe laser emitter forms a series of laser slices along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, a CCD high-speed industrial camera special for PIV continuously shoots, and three-dimensional space deformation of the transparent soil is obtained through the processing of a computer.

Preferably, the conventional measuring system comprises a strain gauge and a data acquisition system. The strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the tunnel and used for measuring the distribution of the bending moment of the tunnel. The strain gauge is connected with a computer through a data acquisition system. The data acquisition system collects voltage signals.

Preferably, the side elastic transparent rubber and the bottom elastic transparent rubber are elastic bodies and can be stretched under tension.

The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the whole model box is made of transparent acrylic glass, and the tunnel is made of transparent resin. The size of the interior of the model box is adjustable, and the model box is suitable for model tests of various sizes. The movement speed and direction of the movable model box body are adjusted through computer input parameters, so that fault dislocation conditions are closer to the actual engineering conditions, and cross-fault tunnel simulation of different fault dip angles, different fault types and different tunnel burial depths is realized.

(2) The transparent model box body and the transparent soil body provide a visual monitoring process for soil body displacement caused by fault dislocation and change of the built tunnel, and the strain gauge adhered to the tunnel provides more accurate monitoring data for the displacement process, so that the test device can provide certain reference for researching the soil body displacement condition near the actual fault plane and stress strain and displacement conditions caused by the built tunnel.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of a model structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the original model system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a modified model system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a top view of a modeling system of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a removable fault side panel of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a model tunnel of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the robot arm loading apparatus of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment relates to a test apparatus for studying the influence of fault dislocation on the built tunnel based on transparent soil, which comprises a model system composed of a movable transparent box 1, a fixed transparent box 2, a detachable fault side plate 3, a bottom elastic transparent rubber 5 and a tunnel 4; the PIV measuring system consists of a HeNe laser transmitter 12, a special CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 for PIV, a sliding block 11, a guide rail 10 and a bracket 9; the traditional measuring system consists of a strain gauge 4-1 and a data acquisition system 14; the mechanical arm loading device 6 consists of an upper arm 6-1, a lower arm 6-2, an upper power type rotary joint 6-3, a middle power type rotary joint 6-4 and a lower power type rotary joint 6-5, a computer 15 and a rigid base 8.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a straight line formed by the centers of circles of the movable transparent box body 1 connected with the mechanical arm loading devices 6 on the two sides is parallel to the horizontal plane of the rigid base 8 and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 4. The HeNe laser emitter 12 is connected with the sliding block 11 and slides on the guide rail 11; the HeNe laser transmitter 12 forms a laser slice 16; the HeNe laser emitter 12 is connected with the computer 15, and the computer 15 controls the moving speed of the sliding block 12 on the guide rail 10, so that the laser slices 16 are distributed on the whole model box body to obtain continuous transparent soil three-dimensional space deformation.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 8, the computer 15 can input the displacement, direction and motion rate parameters of the motion of the mechanical arm loading device 6, adjust the moving direction of the upper arm 6-1 and the lower arm 6-2 of the mechanical arm and the rotating angles of the upper power type rotating joint 6-3, the middle power type rotating joint 6-4 and the lower power type rotating joint 6-5, and control the moving direction and speed of the movable transparent box 1 to simulate the dislocation of the real fault more truly; when the fault is dislocated, the position change of the fixed transparent box 2 and the movable transparent box 1 of the model system is changed from fig. 3 to fig. 4.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the model system is composed of a movable transparent box body 1, a fixed transparent box body 2, a detachable fault side plate 3, bottom elastic transparent rubber 5 and a tunnel 4; wherein the elastic transparent rubber 5 at the bottom is adhered with the movable transparent box body 1 and the fixed transparent box body 2 together and can not be disassembled.

As shown in figures 3 and 6, the detachable fault side plate 3 consists of a left side plate 3-2, a side elastic transparent rubber 3-3 and a right side plate 3-1. The detachable fault side plate 3 can be embedded in the T-shaped gaps of the movable transparent box body 1 and the fixed transparent box body 2 through a T-shaped left side plate 3-2 and a T-shaped right side plate 3-1; the inclination angles of the left side plate, the side surface elastic transparent rubber and the right side plate can be adjusted according to tests so as to form faults with different included angles.

As shown in fig. 7, strain gauges 4-1 are adhered to the surface of the tunnel 4 at regular intervals to read the stress strain of the model tunnel.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

(1) before the test is started, a movable transparent box body 1, a fixed transparent box body 2, a detachable fault side plate 3 determined according to the original structure and the proportional relation between a physical model box and the original structure and a bottom elastic transparent rubber 5 are spliced to form a rectangular box body, then the fixed transparent box body is installed on a fixed support 7 fixed on a rigid base 8 and fixed, the movable transparent box body 1 is arranged between two side mechanical arm loading devices 6, and the movable transparent box body 1 is fixed so that the movable transparent box body can not slide relative to the mechanical arm loading devices 6 in the subsequent experimental process by adjusting the distance between the two side mechanical arm loading devices 6. Then filling transparent soil into the transparent box body to a certain height, putting the transparent box body into the tunnel 4, and filling the transparent soil again to a preset height; the installation of the strain gauge 4-1 is completed during the laying of the transparent soil. If too many bubbles are mixed in the transparent soil, the transparent soil should be saturated by using a vacuum saturator after the soil is prepared.

(2) When the experiment is started, the HeNe laser emitter 12 is opened, a stable speckle section is formed in the transparent soil body, the laser intensity is slowly increased, and the indoor light source is closed; starting the special CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 for PIV, the data acquisition system 14 and the computer 15, and inputting the direction and speed parameters of the movement of the movable transparent box body 1 driven by the mechanical arm loading device 6 into the computer 15; then the computer 15 controls the movement rate of the sliding block 11 on the guide rail 10 so as to form a series of speckle tangent planes covering the whole model system through the HeNe laser transmitter 12; monitoring stress and strain data sent by a strain gauge 4-1 on the tunnel 4 by using a data acquisition system 14; the PIV CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 continuously records photos, is connected with the computer 15 through a data transmission line and is processed by the computer.

(3) And (4) storing the pictures, closing the HeNe laser transmitter 12 and arranging the test equipment. And processing the test image by using a PIV technology to obtain a displacement vector diagram of each laser section 16 of the tunnel. And obtaining the relevant law of the deformation of the soil body around the tunnel by combining the displacement vector diagram.

Claims

1. A test device for the influence of fault dislocation on a built tunnel based on transparent soil is characterized by comprising a model system consisting of a movable transparent box body 1, a fixed transparent box body 2, a detachable fault side plate 3, bottom elastic transparent rubber 5 and a tunnel 4; the PIV measuring system consists of a HeNe laser transmitter 12, a special CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 for PIV, a sliding block 11, a guide rail 10 and a bracket 9; the traditional measuring system consists of a strain gauge 4-1 and a data acquisition system 14; a mechanical arm loading device 6 consisting of an upper arm 6-1, a lower arm 6-2, an upper power type rotary joint 6-3, a middle power type rotary joint 6-4 and a lower power type rotary joint 6-5; a computer 15 and a rigid base 8; the detachable fault side plate 3 consists of a left side plate 3-2, side elastic transparent rubber 3-3 and a right side plate 3-1; the front side and the rear side of the fixed transparent box body 2 and the movable transparent box body 1 are respectively provided with a T-shaped notch with the same depth as the box body with the transparent soil loaded inside; the two side surfaces of the fixed transparent box body 2 and the movable transparent box body 1 are connected by a detachable fault side plate 3.

2. The apparatus for testing the effect of a transparent soil-based faulting dislocation on a constructed tunnel according to claim 1, wherein said side elastic transparent rubbers 3-3 and bottom elastic transparent rubber 5 are elastic bodies, and are stretchable under tension.

3. The device for testing the influence of the fault dislocation based on the transparent soil on the built tunnel according to the claim 1, wherein the right side plate 3-1 and the left side plate 3-2 of the movable transparent box 1, the fixed transparent box 2 and the detachable fault side plate 3 in the model system are all made of transparent acrylic glass, and the tunnel 4 is made of transparent resin.

4. The device for testing the influence of fault dislocation based on transparent soil on the built tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the left side plate 3-2, the side elastic transparent rubber 3-3 and the right side plate 3-1 of the detachable fault side plate 3 have the same inclination angle, and the angle can be determined according to the original stratum structure and the proportional relationship between the physical model box and the original stratum structure.

5. The device for testing the influence of the dislocation movement based on the transparent soil on the built tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left side plate 3-2 and the right side plate 3-1 are both T-shaped and can be embedded in T-shaped notches on the fixed transparent box body 2 and the movable transparent box body 1.

6. The apparatus for testing the effect of the dislocation of the transparent soil on the built tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the computer 15 can input the parameters of the displacement, direction and movement rate of the movement of the mechanical arm loading device 6, adjust the moving direction of the upper arm 6-1 and the lower arm 6-2 of the mechanical arm and the rotating angles of the upper power type rotating joint 6-3, the middle power type rotating joint 6-4 and the lower and upper power type rotating joint 6-5, and control the moving direction and speed of the movable transparent box body 1; the bottom of the mechanical arm loading device is fixed on the rigid base at a position which does not influence the movement of the movable transparent box body.

7. The device for testing the influence of fault dislocation based on transparent soil on the built tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel 4 is provided with a strain gauge 4-1.

8. The device for testing the influence of the fault dislocation based on the transparent soil on the built tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the HeNe laser emitter 12 is connected with a sliding block 11 and can slide on a guide rail 10; the slider 11 is connected to a computer 15, and the computer 15 controls the rate of movement of the HeNe laser transmitter connected to the slider 11.

9. The device for testing the influence of the dislocation movement on the built tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the HeNe laser emitter 12 emits stable red laser to form a laser slice 16 and a laser speckle field in the transparent soil; the HeNe laser emitter 12 forms a series of laser slices along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the special CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 for PIV continuously shoots, and the three-dimensional space deformation of the transparent soil is obtained through the processing of the computer 15.

10. The device for testing the influence of fault dislocation based on transparent soil on the built tunnel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) designing the inclination angles of a left side plate 3-2, a side elastic transparent rubber 3-3 and a right side plate 3-1 of the detachable fault side plate 3 according to an experimental scheme, and determining the transparent soil filling height and the tunnel burial depth;

2) embedding the detachable fault side plate 3 into the T-shaped notches in the fixed transparent box body 2 and the fixed transparent box body 1 to form a rectangular box body;

3) arranging the fixed transparent box body 1 on a rigid base 8, and adjusting the position of the mechanical arm loading device 6 connected with the movable transparent box body 1;

4) filling the transparent pore liquid into a model system, burying the tunnel 4 at a designed height in the configuration process, and standing after soil filling is finished;

5) arranging and debugging a HeNe laser transmitter 12 and a special CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 for PIV;

6) the computer 15 inputs the motion parameters of the mechanical arm loading device 6 driving the movable transparent box body 1, and the mechanical arm loading device 6 applies displacement; the computer 15 controls the moving speed of the HeNe laser emitter 12 driven by the sliding block 11, and a series of laser slices 16 are formed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 4; shooting by using a special CCD high-speed industrial camera 13 for PIV;

7) and identifying and processing the acquired image by adopting a PIV technology to obtain a three-dimensional deformation field of the transparent soil in the tunnel excavation process.