CN114602224B - Intrinsic safety type energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine - Google Patents
Intrinsic safety type energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114602224B CN114602224B CN202210078295.9A CN202210078295A CN114602224B CN 114602224 B CN114602224 B CN 114602224B CN 202210078295 A CN202210078295 A CN 202210078295A CN 114602224 B CN114602224 B CN 114602224B
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- cylinder body
- filter disc
- washing
- lower cylinder
- stirring
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 22
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 black soljin Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000184 acid digestion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/085—Funnel filters; Holders therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
- B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/76—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
- B01D29/78—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for washing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
- B01D29/92—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/96—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor in which the filtering elements are moved between filtering operations; Particular measures for removing or replacing the filtering elements; Transport systems for filters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energetic material treatment, in particular to an intrinsically safe dual-purpose machine for filtering and washing energetic materials. The invention comprises a lower cylinder and an upper cylinder, wherein the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are enclosed together to form a filtering washing cavity; a filter disc is arranged at the lower cylinder body, so that a working cavity positioned at the upper part of the filter disc and a mother liquor collecting cavity positioned at the lower part of the filter disc are formed by dividing the filter washing cavity; the shape of the filter disc is in a horn mouth shape with a large caliber and a small caliber, a small port positioned at the axis of the filter disc forms a discharge port for discharging solid slurry, the discharge port is communicated with external collecting equipment, and a switch valve capable of opening and closing the discharge port is arranged on the discharge port; the dual-purpose machine also comprises a stirring component with a stirring function and a spraying component for spraying the washing liquid into the working cavity. The invention can effectively avoid the deposition problem of filter cake particles while realizing the filtering and washing functions of energetic materials, and has the advantage of safe and reliable work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energetic material treatment, in particular to an intrinsically safe dual-purpose machine for filtering and washing energetic materials.
Background
The high-performance energetic materials comprise trinitrotoluene, black soljin, octogen, nitrogen-rich compounds, derivatives thereof and the like, and are the precondition for improving the performance of advanced weapons. Different from the common explosive, the physical properties of the material are more sensitive, the material contains explosive groups, can react rapidly and has extremely strong destructive power; slightly careless, is a catastrophic outcome. The high-performance energetic material production process mainly adopts concentrated nitric acid to directly nitrate urotropine, and the required energetic material crystal suspension is obtained through the procedures of nitric acid digestion, crystallization, deacidification, recrystallization and the like, and then the crystal filter cake with certain moisture content is obtained through washing and filtering, and finally the final product is obtained through drying and grading. Washing filtration is an essential and important process step in the production process of energetic materials and is also related to the quality of the final product. The crystal forms of the energetic material are various, such as an alpha crystal form, a beta crystal form, a gamma crystal form and the like, and the physical properties of different crystal forms, such as viscosity, fluidity, crystal volume, strength, explosion performance, stability and the like, are greatly different, so that the quality of the energetic material is greatly affected. In the process of washing the energetic material, the washed mother solution has certain viscosity, and crystals are easily separated out to form a wall hanging phenomenon; the filter cake crystals have different crystal forms, the particle size distribution is wider, coarse-grain-diameter crystal particles are easy to deposit, and local solid accumulation is caused, so that potential safety hazards are formed; in addition, in the washing and filtering process, materials comprise concentrated nitric acid, water or organic solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate and the like, the temperature is generally controlled below 100 ℃, equipment needs to have high temperature and pressure bearing conditions, and the materials comprise various energy-containing materials with unstable performance and explosiveness in mixed crystal forms besides hazardous chemical substances such as nitric acid, the organic solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate and the like. Therefore, the following requirements are required for the filter washing apparatus: firstly, the equipment needs to be sealed, pressure-bearing and temperature-resistant. Secondly, the equipment needs to be intrinsically safe; if the part contacted with the material cannot have hidden troubles such as extrusion or impact, cannot have hard friction and extrusion, and the like; can be fully automatically operated, thereby realizing no humanization in the production process and avoiding hurting people and the like caused by accidents. Thirdly, the volume of the mother liquor collecting cavity is large, and the washed mother liquor needs to flow smoothly to form a certain speed, so that stagnation is not easy to occur. Fourthly, coarse crystal particles in the filter cake are not easy to deposit, and a certain deposition space is provided. Finally, the traditional filter screen structure is flat bottom, and the center of the blade is easy to deposit filter cake particles due to small linear velocity, so that a solid accumulation area is formed at the center of the filter disc; the mother liquor collecting cavity is smaller, and because the cavity bottom is of a flat bottom structure, the mother liquor has poor fluidity and smaller volume, mother liquor stagnation or dead angle is easy to form, and crystals are precipitated. The above situation is not suitable for the current needs and technical development, and needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an intrinsically safe energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine which can effectively avoid the problem of depositing filter cake particles while realizing the filtering and washing functions of energy-containing materials and has the advantages of safe and reliable work.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an intrinsically safe energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine is characterized in that: comprises a lower cylinder body and an upper cylinder body which is detachably matched with the lower cylinder body, wherein the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are enclosed together to form a filtering washing cavity; a filter disc is arranged at the lower cylinder body, so that a working cavity positioned at the upper part of the filter disc and a mother liquor collecting cavity positioned at the lower part of the filter disc are formed by dividing the filter washing cavity, and a liquid outlet is correspondingly arranged at the lower cylinder body so as to be communicated with the mother liquor collecting cavity; the shape of the filter disc is in a horn mouth shape with a large caliber and a small caliber, a small port positioned at the axis of the filter disc forms a discharge port for discharging solid slurry, the discharge port is communicated with external collecting equipment, and a switch valve capable of opening and closing the discharge port is arranged on the discharge port; the dual-purpose machine also comprises a stirring component with a stirring function and a spraying component for spraying the washing liquid into the working cavity.
Preferably, the stirring assembly comprises a stirring motor arranged at the top of the upper cylinder, a stirring shaft of the stirring motor coaxially penetrates through the top wall of the upper cylinder and then stretches into the working cavity, a matching groove is radially concavely formed in the shaft body of the stirring shaft in the working cavity, and the stirring paddles are radially inserted into the matching groove and then welded and fixed, so that the stirring paddles and the stirring shaft form an integrated welding structure.
Preferably, in the axial direction of the stirring shaft, the distance between the stirring paddle and the filter disc is equal to 50mm.
Preferably, the spraying assembly comprises a spraying pipe horizontally arranged in the working cavity, and an inlet of the spraying pipe penetrates through the upper cylinder body so as to be connected with external liquid inlet equipment; and a spray ball is arranged on the spray pipe, and the spray direction of the spray ball points to the direction of the filter disc.
Preferably, the lower cylinder body is a revolving body, and the axial section of the lower cylinder body is in a W shape; flange holes are uniformly distributed at the top cylinder opening and the middle crown table of the lower cylinder, and pull rods are correspondingly arranged at the top edge and the bottom edge of the filter disc; the top end of the pull rod is provided with a hanging ring which is convenient for hanging the filter disc, and the bottom end of the pull rod vertically penetrates out of the lower cylinder body through the matched flange hole and is then fixed by a screw cap; the switching valve is an upward-expansion type discharge valve, and a valve port of the switching valve is flush with a small port of the filter disc.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the lower cylinder is spherical, and the liquid outlet communicated with the mother liquor collecting cavity is positioned at the lowest end of the W-shaped lower cylinder.
Preferably, the lower surface of the filter disc is coaxially and downwardly provided with reinforcing rings, and each reinforcing ring is coaxially arranged in a concentric ring shape; the reinforcing rings are connected with each other through radial rib plates, so that a grid-shaped reinforcing structure is formed at the bottom of the filter disc; a gap for the mother liquid to flow is reserved between the reinforcing structure and the bottom surface of the lower cylinder.
Preferably, the outer cylindrical surface of the filter disc is a conical surface with a large diameter and a small diameter, and the top cylinder opening is correspondingly provided with a matched counter bore with a large diameter and a small diameter, and the two are coaxially inserted and matched.
Preferably, the outer wall of the lower cylinder is coaxially provided with an outer ring body in a protruding way, the bottom end of the upper cylinder is spliced at the outer wall of the lower cylinder from top to bottom and forms spigot type sealing fit with the outer ring body; the outer wall of the upper cylinder body is fixedly connected with a frame, and two ends of the plumb piston cylinder are respectively hinged with the outer ring body and the frame, so that the lower cylinder body and the filter disc are pushed to generate approaching and separating actions relative to the plumb direction of the upper cylinder body.
Preferably, the jacket and/or the coil pipe are/is arranged at the outer wall of the lower cylinder body, and the arrangement position of the jacket and/or the coil pipe and the arrangement position of the outer ring body are spatially avoided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the technical scheme, on one hand, the filter disc and the lower cylinder form a detachable structure, so that the filter disc and the lower cylinder form a mother liquor collecting cavity in a matched mode during working, and the filter disc can be removed at any time during cleaning so as to completely expose all mother liquor contact parts, complete cleaning is achieved, and potential safety hazards such as flow short circuit and the like caused by crystal precipitation and accumulation are avoided. On the other hand, for the problem of solid slurry accumulation of the conventional filter disc, the invention not only ensures the convergence effect of the solid slurry to the middle part through the cone-shaped filter disc structure; meanwhile, the discharge hole arranged in the middle part also realizes the function of timely removing the solid slurry, thereby avoiding hidden dangers such as explosion which can be generated due to excessive collection of the solid slurry. The arrangement of the stirring component and the spraying component provides stirring and online spraying washing functions of materials so as to achieve the purposes of filtering and washing.
The invention avoids potential safety hazards such as deposition risk of coarse crystal particles of the filter cake and the like, and improves the safety of equipment; the invention can effectively avoid the deposition problem of filter cake particles while realizing the filtering and washing functions of energetic materials, and has the advantages of safe and reliable work.
2) For the stirring assembly, the initial weight is safe, so that a conventional exposed bolt fastening mode needing to be screwed cannot be adopted; in view of the above, the invention adopts an integral welding mode to form the stirring paddle and the stirring shaft, thereby ensuring the safety of the energetic material during filtering and washing. Furthermore, in the axial direction of the stirring shaft, the distance between the stirring paddles and the filter disc is equal to 50mm, because when energetic material is concentrated and crystallized at the filter disc, stirring paddles higher than 50mm can avoid collision and even detonation conditions on crystals which may be crystallized, and too high stirring paddles can affect the maximum efficiency of stirring. Therefore, the 50mm selection of the invention can ensure the stirring effect with maximum efficiency, and can not generate collision or even detonation conditions on the possibly crystallized crystal, thereby seeking a balance point between practicality and safety, and having remarkable effect.
3) The W-shaped lower cylinder body can realize the rapid drainage effect of the mother liquor, avoid the long-time stay of the mother liquor in the mother liquor collecting cavity, and reduce the possibility of crystal precipitation and accumulation as much as possible. More notably, the cooperation of filter disc and lower barrel relies on the flange structure of inner circle and outer lane department to realize, on the one hand, each flange cooperation department is independent and keep away from the working chamber of mother liquor collection chamber and filter disc top, and this is compared with conventional screw thread fastener that exposes in working chamber or mother liquor collection chamber, and the security is higher, has more avoided the situation such as the explosion of energetic material that the action probably causes such as screw thread fastening. On the other hand, the switch valve also adopts a specific upward expansion type discharge valve so as to reduce the influence on explosive solid slurry and even crystallization as much as possible, and the use safety can be obviously improved.
4) The setting of additional strengthening has not only guaranteed the working strength of filter disc self, has still had the clearance that can supply the mother liquor to flow between this additional strengthening and the section of thick bamboo bottom surface of lower barrel simultaneously to guarantee the quick flow function of mother liquor collection intracavity mother liquor, multiple purposes is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a filter tray;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower cylinder;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switch valve;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an arrangement of reinforcing structures;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the placement of a fixed structure;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section velocity vector diagram for a stirrer to filter disc distance of 50 mm;
FIG. 8 is a graph of turbulence energy in a longitudinal section of a stirrer at a 50mm distance from the filter disc.
The actual correspondence between each label and the component name of the invention is as follows:
10-filter disc 11-discharge port 12-switch valve
13-pull rod 14-hanging ring 15-nut 16-reinforcing ring 17-radial rib plate
20-lower barrel 20 a-top barrel opening 20 b-middle crown
21-a liquid outlet 22-an outer ring body 23-a transverse rib plate 24-a longitudinal rib plate
30-upper cylinder 40-stirring assembly
41-stirring motor 42-stirring shaft 43-stirring paddle
50-spray assembly 51-spray pipe 52-spray ball
60-frame 70-plumb piston cylinder 80-jacket 90-coil pipe
Detailed Description
For ease of understanding, the specific structure and operation of the invention are further described herein:
the structure embodying the present invention is shown with reference to fig. 1-6 and includes a barrel portion, a stirring assembly 40, a spray assembly 50, a frame 60, and the like. Wherein:
the cylinder part is a pressure-bearing container, and the design pressure, the design temperature, the equipment materials and the like are specifically required according to the process of the energetic materials. The upper cylinder 30 and the spherical crown-shaped lower cylinder 20 forming the cylinder part form a closed pressure-bearing container through the cooperation of the rabbets, and are material working spaces, namely filtering washing cavities. Concentrated nitric acid, water or organic solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate and the like, and energetic materials are stirred, mixed, washed and filtered in the working space of the materials. The upper cylinder 30 is generally composed of a straight section of the cylinder, a jacket 80 and/or a coil pipe 90, a sealing head, a flange and the like, and the sealing head is generally provided with a material inlet, a washing liquid inlet, a pressure gauge port, a safety valve port, an air inlet, an air outlet and the like, which are not described one by one.
In operation, the outer ring 22 at the lower cylinder 20 is pushed by the vertical piston cylinder 70, so that the lower cylinder 20 and the filter disc 10 together move downward relative to the upper cylinder 30, and the whole base is exposed.
The stirring assembly 40 stands on the sealing head of the upper cylinder 30, and the output shaft of the stirring assembly is coaxially arranged with the upper cylinder 30. The stirring assembly 40 is generally composed of a stirring motor 41, a speed reducer and the like so as to output a rotating speed and a torque within a certain range and meet the requirements of stirring and mixing in the washing and filtering process and scraping in the deslagging process. The stirring shaft 42 is also coaxially arranged with the upper cylinder 30, penetrates out from the upper cylinder 30 through the sealing head, and synchronously receives the rotation speed and torque output by the stirring motor 41 through the stirring shaft 42. The stirring paddle 43 is arranged at the bottom end of the stirring shaft 42, and the distance between the bottommost surface of the stirring paddle 43 and the upper surface of the truncated cone-shaped filter disc 10 is generally more than 50mm, so that the hard friction and extrusion between the stirring paddle 43 and a filter cake are avoided.
Referring to fig. 1, a spray assembly 50 is further provided at the upper cylinder 30, and specifically includes a spray pipe 51 and a spray ball 52 for washing disposed at the spray pipe 51. The number and size of spray balls 52 are rotated according to the diameter of upper cylinder 30, height. The spray ball 52 is not preferably made of metal, so that potential safety hazards caused by metal friction are avoided; polytetrafluoroethylene or a spray nozzle type may be used. In operation, the closed cavity formed by the upper surface of the filter disc 10 and the inner surface of the upper cylinder 30 is a space for stirring, mixing, washing and filtering materials, and is a working cavity. And designing the effective volume and slag containing area of the working cavity according to the technological parameters such as the solid content, the liquid content and the like of the energetic material.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-2, the filter disc 10 is in a funnel shape or a horn shape with a truncated cone shape, the center is the lowest point, and the filter disc is a discharge hole 11 of solid slurry; the design avoids the potential safety hazard that slurry solids are easy to accumulate due to the minimum central stirring linear speed of the existing equipment. The filter disc 10 is integral, and can be lifted integrally through a lifting ring, so that all mother liquor contact parts are completely exposed, and thorough cleaning is achieved.
The specific structure of the filter disc 10 is as follows: according to the material process requirements, a multi-layer metal sintering net with proper metal materials and proper filtering precision is selected to be manufactured into a round table shape, the large end is welded with the outer ring flange, and the small end is welded with the outer ring flange. For convenient lifting, the outer cylindrical surface of the outer ring flange is provided with a taper which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. Meanwhile, the upper surface of the outer ring flange is uniformly provided with three hanging rings 14 in general; the lower surfaces of the outer ring flange and the inner ring flange are fixedly provided with pull rods 13 so as to be fixedly connected with matched nuts 15; flange holes are correspondingly arranged at the top cylinder opening 20a and the middle crown 20b of the lower cylinder 20 so as to correspond to the matched pull rods 13 one by one. The pull rod 13 and the screw cap 15 are completely independent, i.e. do not contact materials, so that safety accidents caused by the fact that the materials are extruded by threads are avoided, and therefore possible safety risks are avoided. In actual assembly, the corresponding parts are required to be provided with seals at the matching positions. In order to ensure the strength, a reinforcing ring can be arranged at the inner ring flange according to the compression requirement.
The lower cylinder 20 cooperates with the filter tray 10 to form a mother liquor collection chamber. Under the action of pressure, the mother liquor in the materials passes through the multi-layer metal sintering nets of the filter disc 10 and is concentrated into the mother liquor collecting cavity. Because the volume of the mother solution collecting cavity is larger, and the larger gradient generated by the W-shaped design of the lower cylinder body 20 is matched, the mother solution is not easy to stagnate, the fluidity of the mother solution is better, and the problem of crystal precipitation caused by poor flow of the mother solution due to a flat bottom structure is solved. And when the filter disc 10 is integrally lifted, the mother liquor collecting cavity is completely exposed, so that the mother liquor collecting cavity can be manually and periodically interfered, and the mother liquor collecting cavity is thoroughly cleaned, so that the phenomenon of flow short circuit caused by crystal precipitation and accumulation is avoided.
To solve the problem of the supporting strength of the metal sintering net, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, a series of spoke rib plates, the number, the wall thickness and the like of which are related to the diameter, the pressure and the like of the lower cylinder 20, may be arranged in the mother liquor collecting cavity. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, a reinforcing ring 16 and radial rib plates 17 are disposed on the bottom surface of the filter disc 10, thereby forming a reinforcing structure; meanwhile, the reinforcing structure does not contact the inner bottom surface of the lower cylinder 20 and has a certain distance, which is a mother liquid flow channel. Through the design, the reinforcing structure presents a square shape with a certain size, so that the metal sintering net is well supported, and the metal sintering net is prevented from being deformed greatly under the action of pressure and damaged by the pressure. In fig. 6, the outer bottom surface of the lower cylinder 20 is provided with transverse rib plates 23 and longitudinal rib plates 24, so as to form a well-type fixing structure, so as to further strengthen the lower cylinder 20.
Further, to ensure that the mother liquor flows smoothly, the lowest position of the mother liquor collecting cavity is provided with a series of mother liquor outlets, namely liquid discharge ports 21, the quantity, the diameter and the like of which are related to the diameter, the material characteristics and the like of the lower cylinder 20.
In actual assembly, the on-off valve 12 shown in fig. 3 is required to be installed at the flange of the inner ring of the filter disc 10 and is in butt joint with the discharge port 11 for discharging the solid slurry. The valve 12 is generally an upward-expansion discharge valve, and in order to prevent hard friction on the energy-containing material, the valve core of the valve 12 needs to be coated with plastic materials, such as F40 or F30; the plastic guide sleeve is additionally arranged at the joint of the valve rod and the valve body, and is made of polytetrafluoroethylene generally, so that materials are prevented from being brought into the valve body by the valve rod, and safety accidents caused by extrusion are avoided.
In fig. 7-8, a longitudinal velocity vector diagram and a longitudinal turbulence energy diagram are disclosed for a distance of 50mm from the stirring paddle 43 to the filter disc 10. The actual operation is as follows: the height of the stirring paddle 43 is increased, the fluid flowing state in the barrel part is not changed greatly, and the fluid at the bottom of the paddle flows, but the effect is not obvious; and when the distance from the stirring paddle 43 to the filter disc 10 is increased, the low turbulence energy area at the center of the bottom of the paddle is obviously enlarged; this shows that the improvement of the height of the stirring paddle can cause a certain adverse effect on the stirring effect of the tank bottom materials; it was found that the optimal distance was 50mm when used specifically.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An intrinsically safe energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine is characterized in that: comprises a lower cylinder body (20) and an upper cylinder body (30) which is detachably matched with the lower cylinder body (20), wherein the upper cylinder body (30) and the lower cylinder body (20) are enclosed together to form a filtering washing cavity; a filter disc (10) is arranged at the lower cylinder (20), so that a working cavity positioned at the upper part of the filter disc (10) and a mother liquor collecting cavity positioned at the lower part of the filter disc (10) are formed by dividing a filtering and washing cavity, and liquid draining ports (21) are correspondingly arranged at the lower cylinder (20) so as to be communicated with the mother liquor collecting cavity; the appearance of the filter disc (10) is in a horn mouth shape with a large caliber and a small caliber, a small port positioned at the axle center of the filter disc (10) forms a discharge port (11) for discharging solid slurry, the discharge port (11) is communicated with external collecting equipment, and a switch valve (12) capable of opening and closing the discharge port (11) is arranged on the discharge port (11); the dual-purpose machine also comprises a stirring assembly (40) with a stirring function and a spraying assembly (50) for spraying the washing liquid into the working cavity;
the lower cylinder body (20) is a revolution body, and the axial section of the lower cylinder body is in a W shape; flange holes are uniformly distributed at the top cylinder opening (20 a) and the middle crown table (20 b) of the lower cylinder (20), and pull rods (13) are correspondingly arranged at the top edge and the bottom edge of the filter disc (10); the top end of the pull rod (13) is provided with a hanging ring (14) which is convenient for hanging the filter disc (10), and the bottom end of the pull rod (13) vertically penetrates out of the lower cylinder body (20) through a matched flange hole and is then fixed by a screw cap (15).
2. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring assembly (40) comprises a stirring motor (41) arranged at the top of the upper cylinder body (30), a stirring shaft (42) of the stirring motor (41) coaxially penetrates through the top wall of the upper cylinder body (30) and then stretches into the working cavity, a matching groove is radially concavely formed in the shaft body of the stirring shaft (42) in the working cavity, and the stirring paddles (43) are radially inserted into the matching groove and then welded and fixed, so that the stirring paddles (43) and the stirring shaft (42) form an integral welding structure.
3. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the axial direction of the stirring shaft (42), the distance between the stirring paddle (43) and the filter disc (10) is equal to 50mm.
4. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 1, wherein: the spraying assembly (50) comprises a spraying pipe (51) horizontally arranged in the working cavity, and an inlet of the spraying pipe (51) penetrates through the upper cylinder body (30) so as to be connected with external liquid inlet equipment; a spray ball (52) is arranged on the spray pipe (51), and the spray direction of the spray ball (52) points to the direction of the filter disc (10).
5. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing machine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterised in that: the switch valve (12) is an upward-expansion discharge valve, and a valve port of the switch valve (12) is flush with a small port of the filter disc (10).
6. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom surface of the lower cylinder body (20) is spherical, and a liquid outlet (21) communicated with the mother liquor collecting cavity is positioned at the lowest end of the W-shaped lower cylinder body (20).
7. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 5, wherein: reinforcing rings (16) are coaxially and downwardly arranged on the lower surface of the filter disc (10) in a protruding mode, and the reinforcing rings (16) are mutually coaxial to form a concentric annular layout; the reinforcing rings (16) are connected with each other through radial rib plates (17), so that a grid-shaped reinforcing structure is formed at the bottom of the filter disc (10); a gap for the flow of mother liquor is reserved between the reinforcing structure and the bottom surface of the lower cylinder body (20).
8. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 5, wherein: the outer cylindrical surface of the filter disc (10) is a conical surface with a large diameter and a small diameter, and the top cylinder opening (20 a) is correspondingly provided with a matched counter bore with a large diameter and a small diameter, and the two are coaxially inserted and matched.
9. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 5, wherein: an outer ring body (22) is arranged at the outer wall of the lower cylinder body (20) in a coaxial protruding mode, the bottom end of the upper cylinder body (30) is inserted into the outer wall of the lower cylinder body (20) from top to bottom, and spigot type sealing fit is formed between the upper cylinder body and the outer ring body (22); the outer wall of the upper cylinder body (30) is fixedly connected with a frame (60), and two ends of a plumb piston cylinder (70) are respectively hinged with the outer ring body (22) and the frame (60), so that the lower cylinder body (20) and the filter disc (10) are pushed to generate a vertical approaching and separating action relative to the upper cylinder body (30).
10. An intrinsically safe energetic material filtration and washing dual-purpose machine according to claim 9, wherein: a jacket (80) and/or a coil (90) are arranged on the outer wall of the lower cylinder body (20), and the arrangement position of the jacket (80) and/or the coil (90) and the arrangement position of the outer ring body (22) are spatially avoided.
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| CN202210078295.9A CN114602224B (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Intrinsic safety type energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine |
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| CN202210078295.9A CN114602224B (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Intrinsic safety type energy-containing material filtering and washing dual-purpose machine |
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| CN114602224B true CN114602224B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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