CN114593589A

CN114593589A - Slideway type grain drying machine

Info

Publication number: CN114593589A
Application number: CN202210306799.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张书宏; 叶新国; 张利
Original assignee: Hefei Sanwu Mechanical Co ltd
Current assignee: Pengshui County Grain Co Ltd Chongqing Grain Group
Priority date: 2022-03-25
Filing date: 2022-03-25
Publication date: 2022-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-25
Also published as: CN114593589B

Abstract

The invention discloses a slideway type grain dryer, which comprises a grain scattering mechanism, a drying mechanism and a grain guide bin, wherein the grain scattering mechanism is arranged on the grain guide bin; the grain scattering mechanism comprises a throwing disc and a tempering device; the throwing disc is connected with the tempering device through a first rotating shaft; the tempering device comprises a supporting plate and a cylinder above the supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the grain scattering mechanism through a supporting frame, a second rotating shaft is arranged in the cylinder, the upper part and the lower part of the second rotating shaft are connected with a rotating frame, and a cam assembly is arranged on the rotating frame; the grain guide bin consists of side plates fixed on the side wall of the dryer and is connected with a drying slideway below the grain guide bin; the drying slideway comprises an upper slideway, a lower slideway and a fixing piece. The tempering device and the throwing disc operate consistently by using the same power; through set up into S-shaped stoving slide in stoving mechanism for grain can both fully contact with hot-blast in each position of stoving slide, further promoted the stoving effect, and avoided grain at the inside remaining problem of drying-machine.

Description

Slideway type grain drying machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of grain drying, and particularly relates to a slide way type grain dryer.

Background

Along with the improvement of grain seeds and the improvement of unit yield, the agriculture of China realizes the increase of both production and income once and again, the problem of grain storage is more and more prominent, in order to ensure the grain storage quality, a granary can carry out drying operation on grains to be stored or stored grains so as to prevent the problems of grain mildew and the like in the subsequent storage process, and the existing grain drying equipment is mainly divided into the following four types.

The cross-flow grain dryer is the first machine type introduced in China, and is mostly of a cylindrical sieve-hole type or square tower type sieve-hole type structure. The disadvantages are that: the drying uniformity of grains is poor, the unit heat consumption is higher, multiple grains are limited when being dried by one machine, the quality of partial grains after being dried is difficult to meet the requirement, and inner and outer sieve pores need to be cleaned frequently. The mixed flow dryer is of a tower structure formed by staggered triangular or pentagonal boxes. Its advantages compared with cross flow are: the hot air is supplied uniformly, and the moisture content of the baked grains is relatively uniform; the unit heat consumption is reduced by 5 to 15 percent; the power of the fan required under the same condition is small, and the unit consumption of the drying medium is also small; the dried grains are wide in variety; is convenient to clean and is not easy to mix seeds. The disadvantages are that: the structure is complex, and the manufacturing cost is slightly higher under the condition of the same productivity; a small portion of the grain in the four corners of the dryer has a slow precipitation. The following current drying-machine is mostly funnel formula intake duct and horn-shaped box exhaust passage combined together's tower structure, is fit for drying the grain crop and the seed of moisture content, and its shortcoming is: the structure is more complex, and the manufacturing cost is close to or slightly higher than that of the mixed flow dryer; the thickness of the grain layer is large, the required high-pressure fan power is large, and the price is high. Pure countercurrent dryers are rarely produced and used, and most of the pure countercurrent dryers are matched with dryers with other air flows for use, namely cooling sections of concurrent or mixed flow dryers to form concurrent and mixed countercurrent dryers. The advantage of the counter-flow cooling is that the natural cold wind can fully contact with the grains, the cooling speed can be increased, and the height of the cooling section can be properly reduced. The forward-reverse flow dryer, the mixed-reverse flow dryer and the forward-mixed flow dryer respectively utilize respective advantages to achieve high-temperature rapid drying, improve drying capacity, do not increase unit heat consumption and ensure uniform grain quality and moisture content.

However, the above-mentioned dryers all have the same disadvantage, and grains fall rapidly under the action of gravity during drying, so that the tempering time and the drying time of each time of grains are short, repeated drying is required for many times, the movement frequency of the hoister is increased, and the whole drying time is also prolonged.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a slideway type grain dryer which comprises a grain scattering mechanism, a drying mechanism and a grain guide bin communicated with the grain scattering mechanism and the drying mechanism;

the grain scattering mechanism comprises a throwing disc and a tempering device; the throwing disc is connected with the tempering device through a first rotating shaft;

the tempering device comprises a supporting plate and a cylinder above the supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the grain scattering mechanism through a supporting frame, a second rotating shaft is arranged in the cylinder, the upper part and the lower part of the second rotating shaft are connected with a rotating frame, and a cam assembly is arranged on the rotating frame;

the grain guide bin consists of side plates fixed on the side wall of the dryer and is connected with a drying slideway below the grain guide bin;

the drying mechanism comprises a drying slide way, and the drying slide way comprises an upper slide way, a lower slide way and a fixing piece for fixing the upper slide way and the lower slide way.

Furthermore, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected through a coupler; the coupler comprises a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve, and a limiting gasket is arranged between the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve; the upper end of the first shaft sleeve is connected with the throwing disc, and the lower end of the second shaft sleeve is connected with the tempering device.

Furthermore, the throwing disc gradually decreases towards the edge along the center in a radial manner, and gradually decreases towards the edge along the circle center, and the edge of the throwing disc and the center form an included angle of 30-50 degrees.

Furthermore, countersunk holes are uniformly distributed in the outer parts of the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve, inner gear rings and positioning holes are arranged in the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve, and the inner gear rings are matched with outer gear rings on the periphery of the rotating shaft.

Further, the support frame sets up a plurality ofly, and the equipartition is in the periphery of backup pad, backup pad below installation motor, the motor periphery sets up the safety cover.

Furthermore, the number of the rotating frames is one or more, each rotating frame comprises a vertical longitudinal beam and cross beams at two ends of the longitudinal beam, the cross beam at the upper end is connected with the upper part of the second rotating shaft, the cross beam at the lower end is connected with the lower part of the second rotating shaft, the included angle between each cross beam and the longitudinal beam is 100 degrees and 150 degrees, and each rotating frame is symmetrically arranged.

Further, the cam assembly includes a camshaft, a connecting rod, and a connecting member; the longitudinal beam is penetrated through the cam shaft, one end of the cam shaft is rotatably connected with the fan blade through a first connecting piece at one end of the fan blade, the other end of the cam shaft is rotatably connected with the connecting rod through a second connecting piece, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the cam, and the cam moves in a matched mode with the inner groove.

Further, the inner grooves are formed in the periphery of the cylinder, the inner grooves are formed in a plurality of discontinuous shapes from top to bottom along the surface of the cylinder, and the number of the inner grooves corresponds to the number of the cam assemblies mounted on each longitudinal beam.

Further, the inside cavity setting that is of stoving slide, be equipped with the heating pipe in the cavity, the heating pipe is laid along slide extending direction, and the heating pipe is connected with the moisture detector electricity of installation on the stoving mechanism.

Furthermore, the joint of the upper slideway and the lower slideway is not closely overlapped, and a hot air channel is reserved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the tempering device, the tempering device is arranged below the throwing disc, and the grain can be fully tempered under the action of the tempering device through the combination of the plurality of cam assemblies; and can adsorb a part of dust in the grains;

the tempering device and the throwing disk are arranged to be driven integrally, so that the arrangement of power equipment is reduced, and the running consistency of the tempering device and the throwing disk is kept;

according to the grain drying device, the S-shaped drying slide way is arranged in the drying mechanism, so that the retention time of grains in the drying mechanism is prolonged, the centralized supply of hot air is also ensured, and the hot air is introduced into the inlet of the grain guide bin and the joint of the upper slide way and the lower slide way, so that the grains can be fully contacted with the hot air at each part of the drying slide way, the drying effect is further improved, and the problem that the grains are remained in the dryer is avoided.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an overall structure of a dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a coupling according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 shows an enlarged schematic view of portion a of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. throwing the disc; 2. a coupling; 3. a rotating frame; 4. a support plate; 5. a grain guide bin; 6. a support frame; 7. a cam; 8. a camshaft; 9. a fan blade; 10. a first connecting member; 11. a second connecting member; 12. a second rotating shaft; 13. an inner groove; 14. a connecting rod; 15. a cylinder; 16. a first rotating shaft; 17. drying the slideway; 171. an upper slideway; 172. a lower slideway; 173. a fixing member; 21. a first bushing; 22. a second shaft sleeve; 23. an inner gear ring; 24. a countersunk hole; 25. a limiting washer; 26. and (7) positioning the holes.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A slideway type grain dryer comprises a grain scattering mechanism, a drying mechanism below the grain scattering mechanism, and a grain guide bin 5 communicated with the grain scattering mechanism and the drying mechanism.

The whole grain dryer generally comprises a lifting part and a drying part, wherein the lifting part comprises a feed hopper, a hoister and an upper auger, the feed hopper is arranged on one side of the hoister, is 50-80cm away from the ground and is in butt joint with the inner lifting hopper. The elevator is used for conveying grains in the elevator bucket to the upper auger, then the upper auger is conveyed to the grain scattering mechanism, and the grains are thrown to the inside of the drying mechanism through the grain scattering mechanism to be dried. The drying part can be divided into a grain spreading mechanism and a drying mechanism.

Referring to fig. 1, the grain scattering mechanism is arranged above the drying mechanism, grains conveyed by the upper auger are conveyed to the position above the grain scattering mechanism, and are uniformly scattered to the drying mechanism through the grain scattering mechanism. The grain scattering device comprises a throwing disc 1, the throwing disc 1 is in a trend of decreasing towards the edge along the center in sequence, and the edge of the throwing disc 1 and the center form an included angle of 30-50 degrees. Illustratively, the throwing disk 1 may be circular, and gradually decreases to a certain gradient from the center of the circle to the edge in a radial manner, so as to reduce the retention time of the grain on the throwing disk 1, and the surface of the throwing disk 1 is made of smooth steel so as to reduce the friction between the grain and the throwing disk 1. The lower end of the throwing disc 1 is provided with a first rotating shaft 16, the first rotating shaft 16 is fastened with a second rotating shaft 12 into a whole through a coupler 2, and the lower part of the second rotating shaft 12 is connected with a tempering device, so that the tempering device and the throwing disc 1 keep the same rotating frequency.

Referring to fig. 2, the coupling 2 includes a first sleeve 21 and a second sleeve 22, and a limit washer 25 is disposed between the first sleeve 21 and the second sleeve 22 to prevent the two rotating shafts from shifting and prevent oil leakage from the coupling 2. The first shaft sleeve 21 is a rotating shaft of a part connected with the throwing disc 1, the lower part of the first shaft sleeve is connected with the tempering device and is a second shaft sleeve 22, countersunk holes 24 are uniformly distributed at the outer edges of the first shaft sleeve 21 and the second shaft sleeve 22, the countersunk holes 24 are used for fixing the first shaft sleeve 21 and the second shaft sleeve 22 into a whole, and a fastener can be a screw. An inner gear ring 23 and a positioning hole 26 are arranged in the first shaft sleeve 21 and the second shaft sleeve 22, the inner gear ring 23 is matched with outer gear rings arranged on the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 12 respectively, so that slipping between the first rotating shaft 16 and the shaft sleeve and between the second rotating shaft 12 and the shaft sleeve are avoided, meanwhile, a position point is provided for fixing the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 12 through the positioning hole 26, and the part of the second rotating shaft 12 extending out of the second shaft sleeve 22 is connected with a tempering device.

Referring to fig. 3, the second rotating shaft 12 is screwed into the cylinder 15 of the tempering device, a gear ring is arranged in the cylinder 15 and is matched with an outer gear ring outside the second rotating shaft 12, and optionally, the second rotating shaft 12 can also be fixedly connected. The tempering device further comprises a supporting plate 4, the supporting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the tempering layer through a supporting frame 6, the surface size of the supporting plate 4 is the same as the bottom area of the cylinder 15, grain accumulation on the supporting plate 4 is avoided while the tempering device is supported, and optionally, in order to better support the tempering device, the surface area of the supporting plate 4 can be larger than the bottom area of the cylinder 15, but the whole shape of the tempering device can be changed into the trend that the middle is high and the edge is low, the contact part between the middle and the cylinder 15 is flat, and the rest parts are in the trend of lowering. The support frame 6 can set up a plurality ofly, and the equipartition is in the periphery of

backup pad

4, and 4 below installation motors of backup pad, motor periphery set up the safety cover.

A plurality of rotating frames 3 are arranged on the upper portion of the second rotating shaft 12, each rotating frame 3 is composed of a vertical longitudinal beam and cross beams at two ends of the longitudinal beam, the cross beam at the upper end is connected with the upper portion of the second rotating shaft 12, the cross beam at the lower end is connected with the lower portion of the second rotating shaft 12, an included angle between each cross beam and the longitudinal beam is 100-150 degrees, and the rotating frames 3 are symmetrically arranged to guarantee rotating stability.

Referring to fig. 3, one or more groups of cam assemblies are mounted on the longitudinal beam, each cam assembly comprises a cam shaft 8, each cam shaft 8 penetrates through the longitudinal beam and extends towards two sides, one end of each cam shaft 8 is rotatably connected with the corresponding fan blade 9 through a first connecting piece 10 at one end of each fan blade 9, the other end of each cam shaft is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 14 through a second connecting piece 11, the other end of each connecting rod 14 is connected with a cam 7, and each cam 7 is matched with the corresponding inner groove 13. The inner grooves 13 are arranged on the periphery of the cylinder 15, the inner grooves 13 are arranged in a plurality of discontinuous ways from top to bottom along the surface of the cylinder 15, and the number of the inner grooves 13 corresponds to the number of the cam assemblies mounted on each longitudinal beam. And the inner groove 13 is an irregular track groove, so that the track of the cam 7 in the inner groove 13 just can drive the connecting rod 14, and the rotating direction of the fan blade 9 always rotates towards one direction. The surface of the fan blade 9 is made of high-temperature resistant rubber materials, so that damage of grains when contacting with the fan blade 9 is reduced, and the surface of the fan blade 9 can be provided with superfine fibers to adsorb dust in the grains. Illustratively, to prevent grain from falling into inner channel 13 and causing failure of the tempering device, a protective cover may be provided around the circumference of cylinder 15.

Preferably, the fan blades 9 can be driven to rotate in different directions by arranging different directions of the inner grooves 13 and the rotating shaft, so that grains can be better shunted.

Referring to fig. 1, the dispersed grains enter the drying mechanism through a grain guide bin 5, the grain guide bin 5 is composed of a plurality of side plates fixed on the inner wall of the dryer, the plurality of side plates form a funnel shape, the lower opening of the funnel shape faces the inlet of the slide way, and the hot air inlet also faces the inlet of the drying slide way 17.

The grain after dispersion falls into the slide mouth of stoving mechanism through leading granary 5, gets into stoving slide 17, and whole stoving slide 17 is the S-shaped, is formed by the curve slide combination of a plurality of segments, has avoided the installation degree of difficulty of large-scale slide, and can dispose the slide type by oneself according to the demand. The embodiment is described by an S-shaped slideway formed by splicing two curved slideways. The top end of the upper slideway 171 is connected with the lower part of the grain guide bin 5, the lower end of the upper slideway 171 is connected with the top of the lower slideway 172 through a fixing piece 173, the fixing piece 173 comprises an embedded groove arranged at the bottom of the upper slideway 171 and a convex block arranged at the top of the lower slideway 172, the connecting part is in an incomplete heavy state, a hot air inlet is reserved in the middle of the connecting part, and hot air enters a plurality of parts of the drying slideway 17. S-shaped slide has prolonged grain and has been dried the time in the inside of drying mechanism, make the stoving of grain more comprehensive, the length and the camber of stoving slide 17 can be disposed according to the height of the stoving mechanism of reality, stoving slide 17 itself is the cavity setting, stoving slide 17 self weight has been reduced, be convenient for lay the heating pipe simultaneously, the heating pipe is laid along slide extending direction in the inner chamber of stoving slide 17, the heating pipe carries out coordinated control with the moisture detector in the drying-machine, when moisture detector detects the moisture content in the grain too high, in order to reduce the stoving number of times of grain, open the inside heating pipe of stoving slide 17 when letting in hot-blast, realize diversified stoving.

Exemplarily, the drying slide way 17 is also for setting up to high temperature resistance's telescopic material, and the middle part and the flexible subassembly of drying slide way 17 are connected, and flexible subassembly is including setting up the recess at the drying mechanism lateral wall, and the round slide is seted up to recess inside, establishes reset spring in the slide, and the spring both ends set up the reset block, and the reset block upper end is connected with the middle part of drying slide way 17, and whole telescoping device can adopt power drive for whole drying slide way 17 can stretch out and draw back from top to bottom in the flexible within range of spring under power drive. Exemplarily, the drying slide way 17 can also be set to move transversely upwards, so that the grains in the drying slide way 17 can be dried in all directions, and the drying effect is better.

The working mode of the invention is as follows:

when grain is dried, the lifting machine conveys grain to the throwing disc 1, the switch is turned on, the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 12 simultaneously start to rotate, the throwing disc 1 above the first rotating shaft 16 and the cylinder 15 on the second rotating shaft 12 are driven to rotate, the cam 7 at the tail end of the connecting rod 14 is driven to move along the inner groove 13 at the periphery of the cylinder 15 according to tracks when the cylinder 15 rotates, so that the fan blades 9 connected with the other end of the connecting rod 14 rotate along the same direction, the grain thrown off on the throwing disc 1 is conveyed into the grain guide bin 5, dust in the grain is adsorbed simultaneously, the grain directly falls into the drying slide way 17 after entering the grain guide bin 5, and the drying slide way 17 dries the grain in hot air circulation and finally conveys the grain out.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a slide type grain drying-machine which characterized in that: the grain dryer comprises a grain scattering mechanism, a drying mechanism and a grain guide bin (5) communicated with the grain scattering mechanism and the drying mechanism;

the grain scattering mechanism comprises a throwing disc (1) and a slow soda device; the throwing disc (1) is connected with a tempering device through a first rotating shaft (16);

the tempering device comprises a supporting plate (4) and a cylinder (15) above the supporting plate (4), the supporting plate (4) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the grain scattering mechanism through a supporting frame (6), a second rotating shaft (12) is arranged in the cylinder (15), the upper part and the lower part of the second rotating shaft (12) are connected with a rotating frame (3), and a cam assembly is arranged on the rotating frame (3);

the grain guide bin (5) consists of side plates fixed on the side wall of the dryer and is connected with a drying slideway (17) below;

drying mechanism is including stoving slide (17), stoving slide (17) are including last slide (171), glide slope (172) and connect mounting (173) of going up slide (171) and glide slope (172).

2. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the first rotating shaft (16) is connected with the second rotating shaft (12) through a coupler (2); the coupler (2) comprises a first shaft sleeve (21) and a second shaft sleeve (22), and a limiting gasket (25) is arranged between the first shaft sleeve (21) and the second shaft sleeve (22); the upper end of the first shaft sleeve (21) is connected with the throwing disc (1), and the lower end of the second shaft sleeve (22) is connected with the tempering device.

3. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the throwing disc (1) is in a trend of decreasing towards the edge along the center in sequence and decreases towards the edge in a radial shape along the circle center, and an included angle of 30-50 degrees is formed between the edge of the throwing disc (1) and the center.

4. The chute type grain dryer of claim 2, wherein:

countersunk holes (24) are uniformly distributed in the outer parts of the first shaft sleeve (21) and the second shaft sleeve (22), an inner gear ring (23) and a positioning hole (26) are arranged in the first shaft sleeve (21) and the second shaft sleeve (22), and the inner gear ring (23) is matched with an outer gear ring on the periphery of the rotating shaft.

5. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the support frame (6) sets up a plurality ofly, and the equipartition is in the periphery of backup pad (4), backup pad (4) below installation motor, the motor periphery sets up the safety cover.

6. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the number of the rotating frames (3) is one or more, each rotating frame (3) comprises a vertical longitudinal beam and cross beams at two ends of the longitudinal beam, the cross beam at the upper end is connected with the upper part of the second rotating shaft (12), the cross beam at the lower end is connected with the lower part of the second rotating shaft (12), the included angle between each cross beam and the longitudinal beam is 100 degrees and 150 degrees, and each rotating frame (3) is symmetrically arranged.

7. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the cam assembly comprises a camshaft (8), a connecting rod (14) and a connecting piece; the longitudinal beam is run through by the cam shaft (8), one end of the cam shaft (8) is rotatably connected with the fan blades (9) through a first connecting piece (10) at one end of the fan blades (9), the other end of the cam shaft (8) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod (14) through a second connecting piece (11), the other end of the connecting rod (14) is connected with the cam (7), and the cam (7) and the inner groove (13) are in matched motion.

8. The chute type grain dryer of claim 7, wherein:

the inner grooves (13) are formed in the periphery of the cylinder (15), the inner grooves (13) are arranged in a plurality of discontinuous mode from top to bottom along the surface of the cylinder (15), and the number of the inner grooves (13) corresponds to the number of the cam assemblies mounted on each longitudinal beam.

9. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the inside cavity setting that is of stoving slide (17), be equipped with the heating pipe in the cavity, the heating pipe is laid along slide extending direction, and the heating pipe is connected with the moisture detector electricity of installation on the stoving mechanism.

10. The chute type grain dryer of claim 1, wherein:

the joint of the upper slideway (171) and the lower slideway (172) is not closely overlapped, and a hot air channel is reserved.