CN114592832B - Laser perforation robot - Google Patents
Laser perforation robot Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114592832B CN114592832B CN202210255906.2A CN202210255906A CN114592832B CN 114592832 B CN114592832 B CN 114592832B CN 202210255906 A CN202210255906 A CN 202210255906A CN 114592832 B CN114592832 B CN 114592832B
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- lens
- perforation
- laser
- robot
- focusing lens
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploitation, in particular to a laser perforation robot which comprises a robot shell, a cable, a laser generating device, an upper focusing lens, an upper guide rail, a lower focusing lens, a lower guide rail, a reflecting lens, an adjusting rack, a rotating speed motor, a sliding window and a window lens. In the perforation process, the laser generating device emits high-energy laser beams, the high-energy laser beams pass through the upper focusing lens and the lower focusing lens and are reflected by the reflecting lens, and finally, the high-energy laser beams are emitted from the sliding window through the window lens and irradiate on the well wall, so that the function of laser perforation is realized. The laser perforation robot can also adjust the distance between the upper focusing lens and the lower focusing lens, adjust the corner between the reflecting mirror and the window lens, and drive the adjusting rack to rotate through the rotating speed motor, thereby changing perforation parameters. Compared with the traditional perforating gun, the laser perforating robot can be more suitable for complex conditions in the deep and ultra-deep oil and gas exploitation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploitation, in particular to a laser perforation robot.
Background
Perforations are an important part of the downhole operation in hydrocarbon production and are intended to establish communication between the reservoir and the wellbore so that hydrocarbon in the reservoir may enter the wellbore. The traditional perforation process is to put a special perforating gun into the depth of a reservoir in a shaft after well cementation is completed, fire gunpowder in the perforating gun to launch perforating charges, and break down a casing and a stratum, so that a channel for connecting the reservoir with the shaft is formed. The requirements on perforation technology are also more severe as oil gas exploitation is continuously progressed towards deep and ultra-deep stratum, and the traditional perforation technology adopts a mode of igniting gunpowder to launch perforating charges to complete perforation, so that the defects of difficult control of gunpowder ignition, small quantity of perforating guns, limited aperture hole depth, repeated starting of perforating guns and the like are increasingly revealed along with the continuous extension of well depth, and the full development progress of deep and ultra-deep oil gas is hindered.
The laser rock breaking is a novel rock breaking method proposed in the 60 s of the last century, and the rock is irradiated by high-energy laser, so that the rock is peeled from the surface of the rock body in the modes of thermal breaking, melting, gasification and the like after absorbing laser energy. The laser perforation is a technique of applying a laser rock breaking principle to a perforation process, and laboratory experiments prove that compared with the traditional perforation technique using perforating charges, the laser perforation has the advantages of high hole wall permeability, difficult hole wall collapse, controllable perforation depth, light hole wall pollution and the like, and has wide development prospect.
In order to overcome the defects of the traditional perforation process, such as difficult control of gunpowder ignition, small quantity of perforating guns, limited aperture hole depth, repeated starting and descending of perforating guns and the like in deep and ultra-deep stratum, the laser rock breaking technology is applied to the perforation field, and the laser perforation robot is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser perforation robot, which aims to overcome the defects that the gunpowder ignition is difficult to control, the quantity of perforating guns is small, the aperture hole depth is limited, the perforating guns need to be repeatedly started and started in deep and ultra-deep stratum in the traditional perforation process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a laser perforation robot is characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a robot shell, a cable, a laser generating device, an upper focusing lens, an upper guide rail, a lower focusing lens, a lower guide rail, a reflecting mirror, an adjusting rack, a rotating speed motor, a sliding window and a window lens. The cable is connected with the laser generating device; the laser generating device is fixed at the upper end of the robot shell; the upper guide rail is fixed inside the robot shell; the lower guide rail is fixed below the upper guide rail; the reflecting lens is fixed on the adjusting rack, the adjusting rack is connected with the rotating speed motor, and the rotating speed motor is fixed at the bottom of the robot shell; the sliding window is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the robot shell.
The cable provides electric energy for the laser generating device.
The lower end of the laser generating device is aligned with the upper focusing lens, and the generated high-energy laser is injected into the upper focusing lens.
The upper focusing lens and the lower focusing lens are convex lenses, the upper focusing lens is fixed in the upper guide rail in the perforation process, and the lower focusing lens slides in the lower guide rail under the drive of the linear motor, so that the distance between the two lenses is changed, the focal length of the whole focusing lens group formed by the upper focusing lens and the lower focusing lens is changed, and the laser spot size irradiated on a well wall is changed.
The window lens is composed of an outer layer lens and an inner layer lens, wherein the inner layer lens is fixed on the robot shell, and the outer layer lens can slide relative to the inner layer lens.
The sliding window consists of a window and a sliding window guide rail, and the window can slide along the guide rail under the drive of a motor; when the laser perforation robot does not reach the perforation position, the window is closed, the function of protecting the window lens is achieved, and after the laser perforation robot reaches the perforation position, the window is opened, so that a channel is opened for the high-energy laser beam to be emitted from the perforation robot.
The adjusting rack consists of a reflector rocker, a lens rocker and a base, wherein a reflector is fixed on the reflector rocker, an outer lens is fixed on the lens rocker, and the reflector rocker and the lens rocker can rotate relative to the base; the rotation angle between the reflector rocker and the lens rocker in the perforation process meets a specific relation, so that when the perforation angle is adjusted, the high-energy laser beam reflected by the reflector can always be emitted from the perforation robot through the window lens and irradiates the well wall.
The tacho motor can drive the base to rotate about the robot housing axis, thereby changing the perforation phase angle.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the laser perforation robot can control the laser spot size by adjusting the distance between the upper lens and the lower lens of the focusing lens group, can control the laser irradiation phase by the rotating speed motor, can control the perforation angle by adjusting the reflecting lens, is flexible to apply, and can adapt to more complex underground environments compared with the traditional perforation gun.
2. The laser perforation robot can continuously perform perforation work underground, avoids the operation of frequently starting and stopping a perforation gun, and improves perforation efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structural view of a laser perforation robot.
Fig. 2, 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of perforating operation of the laser perforation robot.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjustment stand.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the adjustment stand.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sliding window.
In the figure:
1. the laser comprises a robot shell, a cable, a laser generating device, an upper focusing lens, an upper guide rail, a lower focusing lens, a lower guide rail, a window lens, an inner lens, an outer lens, a sliding window, a guide rail, a reflecting lens, a regulating rack, a base, a lens rocker, a reflector rocker, a rotating speed motor and a high-energy laser beam.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a laser perforation robot is characterized in that: the device comprises a robot shell 1, a cable 2, a laser generating device 3, an upper focusing lens 4, an upper guide rail 5, a lower focusing lens 6, a lower guide rail 7, a window lens 8, a sliding window 9, a reflecting mirror 10, an adjusting rack 11 and a rotating speed motor 12. The cable 2 is connected with the laser generating device 3; the laser generating device 3 is fixed at the upper end of the robot shell 1; the upper guide rail 5 is fixed inside the robot housing 1; the lower guide rail 7 is fixed below the upper guide rail 5; the reflection lens 10 is fixed on the adjusting rack 11, the adjusting rack 11 is connected with the rotating speed motor 12, and the rotating speed motor 12 is fixed at the bottom of the robot shell 1; a sliding window 9 is provided on the bottom side of the robot housing 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the cable 2 supplies the laser generating device 3 with electric energy.
As shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the laser generating device 3 is aligned with the upper focusing lens 4, and the generated high-energy laser beam 13 is injected into the upper focusing lens 4;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the upper focusing lens 4 and the lower focusing lens 5 are convex lenses, in the perforation process, the upper focusing lens 4 is fixed in the upper guide rail 5, the lower focusing lens 6 slides in the lower guide rail 7 under the driving of the linear motor, so that the distance between the two lenses is changed, the focal length of the whole focusing lens group formed by the upper focusing lens 4 and the lower focusing lens 5 is changed, and the laser spot size irradiated on the well wall is changed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the window lens 8 is composed of an inner lens 801 and an outer lens 802, wherein the inner lens 801 is fixed to the robot housing 1, and the outer lens 801 is slidable with respect to the inner lens 802.
As shown in fig. 7, the sliding window 9 is composed of a window 901 and a sliding window guide rail 902, and the window 901 can slide along the guide rail 902 under the drive of a motor; when the laser perforation robot does not reach the perforation position, the window 901 is closed, the function of protecting the window lens is achieved, and after the laser perforation robot reaches the perforation position, the window 901 is opened, and a channel is opened for the high-energy laser beam 13 to be emitted from the perforation robot.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the adjusting stand 11 is composed of a base 1101, a mirror rocker 1102 and a lens rocker 1103, wherein the mirror 10 is fixed on the mirror rocker 1102, the outer lens 802 is fixed on the lens rocker 1103, and the mirror rocker 1103 and the lens rocker 1102 can rotate about the base; rotation angle theta between reflector rocker 1102 and lens rocker 1103 during perforation 1 And theta 2 The specific relation is met, and the high-energy laser beam 13 reflected by the reflecting mirror plate 10 can always be emitted from the perforating robot through the window lens 8 to irradiate the well wall when the perforation angle is regulated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the tacho motor 12 can drive the base to rotate about the axis of the robot housing 1, thereby changing the perforation phase angle.
The invention is used as a laser perforation robot, and the working principle is as follows:
when perforating operation is performed, the laser perforation robot is lowered to a predetermined position of a shaft, a window 901 of a sliding window 9 is opened, a cable 2 supplies power to a laser generating device 3, and the laser generating device 3 generates a high-energy laser beam 13.
The high-energy laser beam 13 sequentially passes through the upper focusing lens 4 and the lower focusing lens 5, the size of the high-energy laser beam is changed, the high-energy laser beam is reflected to the window lens 8 by the reflecting lens 10, the laser perforation robot is emitted from the sliding window 9 through the window lens 8, irradiates on a well wall, penetrates through a sleeve and a cement ring, and obtains a preset depth in a reservoir layer to complete a perforation action.
After the last perforation action is finished, the rotating speed motor 12 can be started to drive the adjusting rack 11 to rotate, and the next perforation action is started by changing the perforation phase angle. The size of the spot of the high-energy laser beam 13 irradiated on the well wall can be changed by adjusting the distance between the upper focusing lens 4 and the lower focusing lens 5, and the perforation angle can be changed by adjusting the rotation angle of the reflecting lens 10, so that the required perforation parameters are obtained.
Claims (1)
1. A laser perforation robot is characterized in that: the laser perforation robot comprises a robot shell (1), a cable (2), a laser generating device (3), an upper focusing lens (4), an upper guide rail (5), a lower focusing lens (6), a lower guide rail (7), a window lens (8), a sliding window (9), a reflecting lens (10), an adjusting rack (11) and a rotating speed motor (12); the cable (2) is connected with the laser generating device (3); the laser generating device (3) is fixed at the upper end of the robot shell (1); the upper guide rail (5) is fixed in the robot shell (1); the lower guide rail (7) is fixed below the upper guide rail (5);
the upper focusing lens (4) and the lower focusing lens (6) are convex lenses, in the perforation process, the upper focusing lens (4) is fixed in the upper guide rail (5), and the lower focusing lens (6) slides in the lower guide rail (7) under the drive of the linear motor;
the window lens (8) consists of an inner lens (801) and an outer lens (802), wherein the inner lens (801) is fixed on the robot shell (1), and the outer lens (802) can slide relative to the inner lens (801);
the sliding window (9) is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the robot shell (1) and consists of a window (901) and a sliding window guide rail (902);
the reflecting mirror (10) is fixed on the adjusting bench (11), the adjusting bench (11) is connected with the rotating speed motor (12), and the rotating speed motor (12) is fixed at the bottom of the robot shell (1);
the adjusting bench (11) is composed of a base (1101), a lens rocker (1102) and a reflector rocker (1103), wherein a reflector (10) is fixed on the reflector rocker (1103), an outer layer lens (802) is fixed on the lens rocker (1102), and the reflector rocker (1103) and the lens rocker (1102) can rotate relative to the base.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210255906.2A CN114592832B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Laser perforation robot |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210255906.2A CN114592832B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Laser perforation robot |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114592832A CN114592832A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
| CN114592832B true CN114592832B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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| CN202210255906.2A Active CN114592832B (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Laser perforation robot |
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| CN114592832A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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