CN114591368A - 有机el用发光材料、有机el用蓝色发光材料、及有机el元件 - Google Patents
有机el用发光材料、有机el用蓝色发光材料、及有机el元件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114591368A CN114591368A CN202111439150.9A CN202111439150A CN114591368A CN 114591368 A CN114591368 A CN 114591368A CN 202111439150 A CN202111439150 A CN 202111439150A CN 114591368 A CN114591368 A CN 114591368A
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- phosphabenzene
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- UNQNIRQQBJCMQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorine Chemical class C1=CC=PC=C1 UNQNIRQQBJCMQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 9
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 89
- -1 anthracene compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 19
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 20
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-DICFDUPASA-N dichloromethane-d2 Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])(Cl)Cl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-DICFDUPASA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XESMNQMWRSEIET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dinaphthalen-2-yl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(C=2C=C3C=CC=CC3=CC=2)=NC2=C1C=CC1=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=C(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)N=C21 XESMNQMWRSEIET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004679 31P NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile Chemical compound C12=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=C1N=C(C#N)C(C#N)=N2 DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JADVFSIIWAIWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=CC2=C3C(C#N)=NN=NC3=C(N=NN=C3)C3=C21 Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C3C(C#N)=NN=NC3=C(N=NN=C3)C3=C21 JADVFSIIWAIWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- ATTVYRDSOVWELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-diphenylphosphoryl-2-(2-diphenylphosphorylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATTVYRDSOVWELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IDGRUXUQFTUJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(10-phenylanthracen-9-yl)dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=CC=CC=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=C(OC=2C3=CC=CC=2)C3=C1 IDGRUXUQFTUJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZPHQFGUXWQWWAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(2-phenylphenyl)carbazole Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 ZPHQFGUXWQWWAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000284156 Clerodendrum quadriloculare Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004057 DFT-B3LYP calculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAYRBYXSWOTCBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12.C12CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2 KAYRBYXSWOTCBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005328 phosphinyl group Chemical group [PH2](=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORFSSYGWXNGVFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium 4-amino-6-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-5,7-disulfonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonic acid Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=C(C=C2)N=NC3=C(C4=C(C=C3)C(=CC(=C4N)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)O)OC)N=NC5=C(C6=C(C=C5)C(=CC(=C6N)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)O.[Na+] ORFSSYGWXNGVFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCJJIQHVZCFSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,8-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=C2C3=CC(=CC=C3SC2=CC=1)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZCJJIQHVZCFSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-[3-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2OC(=NN=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)O1 FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPFDLWDNJSMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(9,10-diphenylanthracen-2-yl)-9,10-diphenylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=CC=C(C=C11)C=2C=C3C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)=C4C=CC=CC4=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C3=CC=2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 BHPFDLWDNJSMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFUKEQIRCAQIPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(3-dibenzothiophen-4-ylphenyl)phenyl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound S1C2=C(C=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC(=C12)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C1=NC(=NC(=N1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JFUKEQIRCAQIPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQYDFPFSXHGHOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)phenyl]-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC(C4=CC=C(C=C4)C4=CC=C5C=CC=6C(C5=N4)=NC=CC=6)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 VQYDFPFSXHGHOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHTRIPZOLUKZBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)-9-phenylcarbazole Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=C2C3=CC(=CC=C3N(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C2=CC=1)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZHTRIPZOLUKZBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(N1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCXKTQVEKDHQIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3-(3,5-dipyridin-3-ylphenyl)phenyl]-5-pyridin-3-ylphenyl]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)=C1 WCXKTQVEKDHQIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIVCFIYEIZBYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-bis(3,5-dipyridin-3-ylphenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine Chemical compound N=1C(C)=NC(C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)=CC=1C(C=1)=CC(C=2C=NC=CC=2)=CC=1C1=CC=CN=C1 XIVCFIYEIZBYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWKKLBATUCJUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YWKKLBATUCJUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n-bis[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
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- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6568—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/65686—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms the ring phosphorus atom being part of an organo-phosphorane
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6568—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6568—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/65683—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms the ring phosphorus atom being part of a phosphine
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
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Abstract
本申请提供由磷杂苯衍生物形成的蓝色发光有机EL用发光材料,并且提供含有该有机EL用发光材料的有机EL元件。本发明的有机EL用发光材料由在包含磷原子的6元环的C4位具有吸电子性基的磷杂苯衍生物形成。此外,其特征在于,在本发明的有机EL元件中,具有一对电极、和设置于上述一对电极间的包含发光层的有机层,上述发光层的至少一层含有蒽系化合物和磷杂苯衍生物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发出蓝色光的有机EL用发光材料、及具有包含这些有机EL用发光材料的发光层的有机EL元件。
背景技术
在有机EL元件中,通过在一对电极之间施加电压,空穴从阳极、电子从阴极分别注入包含有机化合物作为发光材料的发光层中,所注入的空穴与电子复合,由此在发光性的有机化合物中形成激子,能够从被激发的有机化合物得到发光。即,由于为自发光性元件,因此有机EL元件与液晶元件相比明亮并且可视性优异而能够实现鲜明的显示。因此,就有机EL元件而言,有效利用作为自发光性元件的优点,其作为高发光效率、高画质、低耗电、长寿命以及薄型设计性优异的发光元件而受到期待。
为了实现提高有机EL元件的性能,进行了如下操作:将有机发光层制成由基质中掺杂有发光材料作为掺杂剂的基质/掺杂剂形成的发光层。使用这样的有机发光层,例如在由空穴输送层、发光层及电子输送层形成的三层结构中,能够使基质的HOMO能级与空穴输送层材料的HOMO能级一致,充分提高空穴输送层-LUMO,使空穴准确地移动至发光层,并且即使在基质与电子输送层的界面也能够使LUMO能级一致,以电子输送层-HOMO变得充分深的方式封入电荷,进而使空穴输送材料及电子输送材料的三重态激子能量充分高于发光材料的三重态能级,由此能够防止发光激子的淬灭。
在有机发光层中,由被注入基质的电荷高效地生成激子,使该激子的能量移动至掺杂剂,由掺杂剂得到了高效率的发光。
对于发出蓝色光的掺杂剂而言,由于蓝色是光的三原色之一,因此其是非常重要的,但是与红色、绿色相比,由于发光效率低且发光寿命也短,因而特别期望进行开发。作为这样的蓝色掺杂剂的例子,众所周知的是如国际公开第2006/030527A1号中公开的那样的在未取代的芘结构中键合有二芳氨基的芳香族胺衍生物。
作为将磷杂苯(phosphinine)衍生物用于有机EL元件的例子,已知有国际公开第2011/134577A1号。在该文献中,使用具有包含N-P-N单元、P-N-P单元等的6元环结构的磷杂苯衍生物作为发光层的基质材料。另外,在NATURE COMMUNICATIONS(2020)11:4926中,记载了将BSBCz作为基质、且掺杂有DCNP作为发光材料的有机EL元件即使在高电流密度下也能够大幅抑制效率滚降(roll off)。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种由磷杂苯衍生物形成的蓝色发光有机EL用发光材料、和将该发光材料用于有机发光层的有机EL元件。
本发明的有机EL用发光材料由以下述通式(1)表示的磷杂苯衍生物形成。
在通式(1)中,X表示吸电子性取代基,R1~R6表示氢、氘、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数1~6的烷氧基、核原子数5~30的芳基、甲硅烷基、氰基、甲酰基、羰基、氨基、硝基或卤基。
本发明的有机EL用蓝色发光材料由以下述通式(1)表示的磷杂苯衍生物形成。
在通式(1)中,X表示吸电子性取代基,R1~R6表示氢、氘、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数1~6的烷氧基、核原子数5~30的芳基、甲硅烷基、氰基、甲酰基、羰基、氨基、硝基或卤基。
本发明的有机EL元件包含一对电极、和夹持于该一对电极之间的至少一层有机发光层,该有机发光层含有由通式(3)表示的蒽衍生物、和由通式(2)表示的磷杂苯衍生物。
在通式(3)及通式(2)中,R11~R14、R15~R20及A表示氢、氘、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数1~6的烷氧基、核原子数5~30的芳基、甲硅烷基、氰基、甲酰基、羰基、氨基、硝基或卤基。
上述有机发光层优选含有由上述通式(2)表示的磷杂苯衍生物0.1~10重量%。
本发明的有机EL用发光材料表现出全彩电视所需要的纯蓝色的发光,因此可适用于有机EL(OLED)元件用蓝色发光材料。
附图说明
图1表示本发明的有机EL元件的构成。
具体实施方式
对本发明的有机EL用发光材料及有机EL元件进行详细说明。
[有机EL用发光材料]
本发明的有机EL用发光材料由以下述通式(1)表示的磷杂苯衍生物形成。磷杂苯衍生物是含有磷并构成6元环的有机化合物。如果在这样的磷杂苯衍生物的C4位导入吸电子性取代基,则与导入了未取代物、供电子性取代基的情况相比,发光波长短波长化。磷杂苯衍生物的发光的量子收率高,这样的磷杂苯衍生物有希望作为蓝色发光用掺杂剂。
在通式(1)中,X表示吸电子性取代基。
作为吸电子性取代基的例子,可列举氰基、甲酰基、羰基、亚砜基、苯基磺酰基、二氧化磺酰基、硝基、硫化膦基、氧化膦基、卤基、卤代烷基、二苯基三嗪基、卤代芳基、三氟甲基羰基(-C(=O)CF3)基、二芳基膦酰(-P(=O)Ar2)基等。
作为卤代烷基,可列举三氟甲基、三氯甲基等。
作为卤代芳基,可列举氟苯基、五氟苯基、六氟苯基等。
作为二芳基膦酰(-P(=O)Ar2)基,可列举二苯基膦酰基等。
R1~R6表示氢、氘、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数1~6的烷氧基、核原子数5~30的芳基、甲硅烷基、氰基、甲酰基、羰基、氨基、硝基、或卤基。
作为碳数1~6的烷基,可列举甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、环丁基、正戊基、环戊基、正己基、环己基等。上述烷基可以具有未取代基或取代基。
作为碳数1~6的烷氧基,可列举甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、环丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、环丁氧基、正戊氧基、环戊氧基、正己氧基、环己氧基等。上述烷氧基可以具有未取代基或取代基。
作为核原子数5~30的芳基,可列举苯基、氘代苯基、联苯、芴基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、苊基、芘基、基、苯并菲基、二萘嵌苯基、苯乙烯基、环戊并环庚五烯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、喹啉基、喹喔啉基、吡咯基、吲哚基、9H-咔唑-9-基、吖啶基、9,10-二氢-9,9-二甲基吖啶-10-基、吩噁嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩嗪基、吩吖硅(phenazasiline)基、啡啉杂硼(phenazaborin)基、呋喃基、苯并呋喃基、二苯并呋喃基、萘并苯并呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并噻吩基、噻咯基、苯并噻咯基、二苯并噻咯基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、噻唑基、苯并噻唑基、咪唑基、苯并咪唑基、二噁英基、苯并二噁英基、二苯并二噁英基、苯并二噻烷基、噻蒽基、双(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基、4-(1-萘基)苯基、4-苯基萘-1-基等。上述芳基可以具有未取代基或取代基,例如可以是包含硅、硼的稠杂环基、连结有两个以上上述芳基的取代基。
作为甲硅烷基,可列举取代或未取代的三苯基甲硅烷基等。
作为氨基,可列举二乙氨基、二苯氨基、苯基萘氨基、二萘氨基等。上述氨基可以具有未取代基或取代基。
作为卤基,可列举氟、氯、溴、碘。
作为通式(1)的具体例,可列举以下的化合物PH1~PH25。如果是由通式(1)表示的化合物,则不限定于具体例中记载的化合物。
本发明的有机EL用发光材料可以通过各种公知的方法合成。作为一个例子,示出上述PH1的合成方法。
将2,6-二氰基-1,1-二苯基-λ5σ4-磷杂苯(DCNP)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),加入磷酰氯(POCl3),在60℃下进行搅拌。3小时后停止反应,进行提取及纯化并进行重结晶,以84%得到作为黄色结晶的PH1。
[有机EL元件]
本发明的有机EL元件(OLED)具有下述特征:由阳极2及阴极7形成的一对电极、和配置于该一对电极间且包含有机发光层5的至少一层有机层,上述有机发光层5含有由通式(3)表示的蒽衍生物、和由通式(2)表示的磷杂苯衍生物。
在通式(3)及通式(2)中,R11~R14、R15~R20及A表示氢、氘、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数1~6的烷氧基、核原子数5~30的芳基、甲硅烷基、氰基、甲酰基、羰基、氨基、硝基、或卤基。
R11~R14、R15~R20及A的详细说明基于通式(1)的R1~R6的定义。
作为通式(3)的具体例,可列举以下的化合物(3-1)~(3-20),但不限定于此。
作为通式(2)的具体例,除作为通式(1)的具体例而公开的例子以外,还可以列举以下的化合物(Ph1)~(Ph13),但不限定于此。
上述有机EL元件典型地具有下述结构:将氧化铟锡(ITO)等在基板1之上成膜而作为阳极2,并且依次层叠有空穴注入层3、空穴输送层4、电子阻挡层、有机发光层5、空穴阻挡层、电子输送层6、电子注入层及阴极7的结构。在上述多层结构中可以省略几层,例如可以将电子注入层作为兼具电子输送层6的功能的电子注入/输送层。图1是本发明的实施例的方式,其示出了在ITO透明电极2上层叠有作为空穴注入层3的六氮杂三苯并菲腈(HAT-CN)5nm、作为空穴输送层4的4,4’-双[苯基(1-萘基)氨基]联苯(NPB)60nm、作为有机发光层5的9-(二苯并呋喃-2-基)-10-苯基蒽(BH1)和本发明的磷杂苯衍生物(4重量%)30nm、作为电子输送层6的2,9-二(2-萘基)-4,7-二苯基-1,10-菲咯啉(ET1)20nm、作为阴极7的铝100nm的有机EL元件。
就基板1而言,使用透明且平滑、并且具有至少70%以上的总光线透射率的材料,具体而言,使用作为挠性的透明基板的几微米厚的玻璃基板、特殊的透明塑料等。
阳极2是具有将空穴注入空穴注入层3、空穴输送层4、及有机发光层5的功能的电极。就阳极2的材料而言,一般使用功函数为4.5eV以上的金属氧化物、金属、合金及导电性材料等,但从使发出的光透射的观点考虑,总光线透射率通常优选为80%以上。具体而言,可使用ITO、ZnO(氧化锌)等透明导电性陶瓷、聚(3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩)/聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT/PSS)、聚苯胺及其它的透明导电性材料。阳极2的膜厚通常为5~500nm,优选为10~200nm。
阳极2通过蒸镀法、电子束法、溅射法、化学反应法、及涂布法等而形成。
阴极7是具有将电子注入电子输送层6、及有机发光层5的功能的电极。作为阴极7的材料,一般功函数为约4eV以下的金属、合金是适合的。就用于阴极7的金属而言,例如可使用铝、锂、钠、钾、钙及镁等。作为使用了合金的阴极,可列举由这些低功函数的金属与铝或银等金属的合金形成的电极、或者将这些低功函数的金属与铝或银等金属层叠而成的结构的电极等。阴极7的膜厚通常为10~200nm。
阴极7通过蒸镀法、电子束法、溅射法、化学反应法、及涂布法等而形成。
空穴注入层3是为了提高发光效率而导入的层。空穴注入层3为了以低电压流过电流,优选将膜厚减薄至1~20nm、即不会产生针孔(Pinhole)等的程度并且使其均匀。就这样的空穴注入材料而言,例如可列举含三苯胺聚合物:(4-异丙基-4’-甲基二苯基碘四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐(KLHIP:PPBI)、含三苯胺的聚醚酮(TPAPEK)、六氮杂三苯并菲腈(HAT-CN)、聚(3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩)(PEDOT:PSS)、苯胺系、星爆(starburst)型胺系、聚(醚酮)(PEK)、及聚苯胺等。
空穴输送层4是设置于阳极2与有机发光层5之间且用于从阳极2将空穴高效地输送至有机发光层5的层。就空穴输送材料而言,使用电离势小的材料、即容易从HOMO激发电子、容易生成空穴的材料。具体可列举4,4’-双[苯基(1-萘基)氨基]联苯(NPB)、六苯基苯衍生物(4DBTHPB)、聚(9,9-二辛基芴基-alt-N-(4-丁基苯基)二苯胺)(TFB)、4,4’-环己基双[N,N-双(4-甲基苯基)苯胺](TAPC)、N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(间甲苯基)联苯胺(TPD)、4,4’,4”-三-9-咔唑基三苯胺(TCTA)及4,4’,4”-三[苯基(间甲苯基)氨基]三苯胺)等。
电子阻挡层设置于空穴输送层4与有机发光层5之间,且具有下述作用:阻挡电子向空穴输送层4通过有机发光层5。电子阻挡层及后述的空穴阻挡层也分别兼具作为激子阻挡层的功能。
有机发光层5包含掺杂剂和基质,且使用由通式(3)表示的蒽衍生物作为基质。作为除此以外可以并用的基质材料,只要是能够使来自空穴输送层4、电子输送层6的电荷注入壁垒为最小限度、将电荷封入有机发光层5、且防止发光激子的淬灭的材料,就没有特别限制,例如可列举联苯乙烯衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、聚乙烯基咔唑衍生物、聚对苯撑衍生物、9,9’-二苯基-9H,9’H-3,3’-二咔唑(BCzPh)、双[2-(二苯基膦基)苯基]醚氧化物(DPEPO)、3,6-双(二苯基磷酰基)-9-苯基咔唑(PO9)、4,4’-双(N-咔唑基)-1,1’-联苯(CBP)、3,3’-双(N-咔唑基)-1,1’-联苯(mCBP)、三(4-咔唑-9-基苯基)胺(TCTA)、2,8-双(二苯基磷酰基)二苯并噻吩(PPT)、金刚烷-蒽(Ad-Ant)、红荧烯、及2,2’-联(9,10-二苯基蒽)(TPBA)、及1,4-二(1,10-菲咯啉-2-基)苯(DPB)等。
掺杂剂使用了由通式(2)表示的磷杂苯衍生物,但作为除此以外可以并用的掺杂剂,例如可列举二萘嵌苯衍生物、香豆素衍生物、红荧烯衍生物、喹吖啶酮衍生物、方酸内鎓盐(squarylium)衍生物、卟啉衍生物、苯乙烯基系色素、并四苯衍生物、吡唑啉酮衍生物、十环烯及吩噁嗪酮等。
掺杂剂的添加量相对于基质及掺杂剂的总计大概为0.1~10重量%,优选为0.5~5重量%。
空穴阻挡层设置于有机发光层5与电子输送层6之间,且具有下述作用:通过输送电子并阻挡空穴到达电子输送层6而提高电子及空穴在有机发光层5中复合的概率。就空穴阻挡材料而言,例如可使用:2-(3’-(二苯并[b,d]噻吩-4-基)-[1,1’-联苯]-3-基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪(DBT-TRZ)、浴铜灵(BCP)等菲咯啉衍生物、及双(2-甲基-8-羟基喹啉盐)-4-苯基苯酚基合铝(III)(BAlq)等羟基喹啉衍生物的金属络合物、各种稀土类络合物、噁唑衍生物、三唑衍生物、三嗪衍生物、嘧啶衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、及苯并三唑衍生物等。这些材料可以兼作电子输送层6的材料。
电子输送层6是设置于阴极7与有机发光层5之间并用于从阴极7将电子高效地输送至有机发光层5的层。就电子输送材料而言,可列举电子亲和力大的材料、即LUMO的能量小、且容易存在激发电子的材料。例如存在:2,9-二(2-萘基)-4,7-二苯基-1,10-菲咯啉(ET1)、3,3”,5,5’-四(3-吡啶基)-1,1’;3’,1”-联三苯基(B3PyPB)、4,6-双(3,5-二(吡啶-3-基)苯基)-2-甲基嘧啶(B3PyMPM)、2-(4-联苯基)-5-(p-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑(tBu-PBD)、1,3-双[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-2-[1,3,4]噁二唑基]苯(OXD-7)、3-(联苯-4-基)-5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-4-苯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑(TAZ)、浴铜灵(BCP)、1,3,5-三(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)苯(TPBi)等。
电子注入层是与阴极7相接、且具有输送电子的作用的层。就电子注入材料而言,例如可列举氟化锂(LiF)、8-羟基喹啉-锂(Liq)及2-(2’,2”-联吡啶-6’-基)苯酚基合锂(Libpp)等。
形成于基板1之上的空穴注入层3、空穴输送层4、有机发光层5、电子输送层6、及电子注入层等薄膜通过真空蒸镀法或涂布法而层叠。
就真空蒸镀法而言,可列举电阻加热蒸镀法、电子束蒸镀法、溅射法、及分子层叠法等。在使用真空蒸镀法的情况下,通常在减压至10-3Pa以下的气氛中将蒸镀物加热至300~400℃而进行。
在使用涂布法的情况下,使各层的构成材料例如溶解于氯仿、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、四氢呋喃、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、甲乙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙基溶纤剂乙酸酯及水等中并通过公知的涂布法而形成各层。就涂布法而言,例如可列举棒涂法、毛细管涂布法、狭缝涂布法、喷墨法、喷涂法、喷嘴涂布法、及印刷法。各层的形成可以全部使用相同的涂布法,也可以根据油墨的种类分别适宜地使用最佳的涂布法。
阳极2及阴极7之间的各有机层的膜厚根据构成材料的电阻值、电荷迁移率而不同,通常为1~100nm、优选为1~50nm。
此外,本发明的有机EL元件除了通过单片方式形成各层以外,例如可以通过卷对卷法而形成。
实施例
以下,基于实施例对本发明进一步进行具体的说明,但本发明并不受下述实施例的限制。
像实施例1~4那样制备了有机EL用发光材料。
[实施例1]PH1的合成
将2,6-二氰基-1,1-二苯基-λ5σ4-磷杂苯(DCNP)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),加入磷酰氯(POCl3),在60℃下反应3小时。用水进行淬灭并中和,然后用乙酸乙酯提取5次,对合并后的有机相进行了干燥/浓缩。用硅胶柱层析法对得到的粗产物进行了纯化,然后进行重结晶,由此以84%得到了作为黄色结晶的PH1。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD2Cl2)δ7.69-7.83(m,10H),8.10(d,J=27.9Hz,2H),9.25(d,J=1.2Hz,1H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CD2Cl2)δ64.83(brd,C6),116.07(d,J=8.7Hz,C8),117.12(d,J=2.8Hz,C5),123.45(d,J=93.7Hz,C4×2),130.40(d,J=13.4Hz,C2×4),133.16(d,J=11.6Hz,C3×4),135.00(d,J=3.2Hz,C1×2),150.14(br,C7×2),186.25(s,C9);
31P NMR(162MHz,CD2Cl2)δ11.6.
mp:213-216℃.
对C20H13N2OP分析计算为:C,73.17;H,3.99;N,8.53。发现:C,72.91;H,3.93;N,8.39.
HRMS(MALDI-TOF):m/z对C20H14N2OP计算为:329.0838([M+H]+);发现:329.0847.
[实施例2]PH2的合成
在二苯二硫醚的二氯甲烷溶液中加入硫酰二氯(SO2Cl2)、吡啶(Py)、DCNP、二氯甲烷,并在室温下搅拌了3小时。用水进行了淬灭,然后用氯仿进行提取,用1N盐酸、饱和盐水对有机相进行清洗,并用硫酸钠进行了干燥,然后进行了浓缩。用硅胶柱层析法对粗产物进行纯化,定量地得到了作为橙色固体的SPh体。
将得到的SPh体溶解于THF-MeOH-H2O混合溶剂,在冰冷下加入过氧单硫酸钾(Oxone(注册商标)),在室温下反应了5小时。用水进行了淬灭,然后用氯仿进行提取,用饱和盐水进行清洗,并用硫酸钠进行了干燥,然后进行了浓缩。用硅胶柱层析法对粗产物进行纯化,以90%得到了作为黄色固体的PH2。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.50-7.62(芳香族的H,2H),7.62-7.67(芳香族的H,8H),7.73-7.75(芳香族的H,2H),7.83-7.88(芳香族的H,2H),8.12(d,J=26.98Hz,2H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ63.07(d,J=107.8Hz,7-C),115.71(d,J=9.6Hz,5-C),116.48(d,J=12.4Hz,8-C),123.0(d,J=94.02Hz,9-C),126.75(s,3-C),129.39(s,2-C),130.02(d,J=13.8Hz,11-C),132.68(d,J=11.67Hz,10-C),132.80(s,1-C),134.61(d,J=2.99Hz,12-C),142.42(s,4-C),146.95(d,J=1.84Hz,6-C);
31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ9.29.
IR(cm-1):3023,2197,1562,1456,1329,1262,1181,1147,1107,1087,997,758.
mp:253-256℃
HRMS(FAB):m/z对C25H17N2O2PS计算为:440.0748([M]+);发现:440.0756Matrix:PEG400
[实施例3]PH3的合成
在碘化DCNP的DMF溶液中加入氰化铜(I),在150℃下反应了21小时。冷却后,用水进行淬灭,用氯仿进行提取,对有机相进行清洗/干燥/浓缩,用硅胶柱层析法对粗产物进行纯化,以48%得到了作为黄色固体的PH3。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.67-7.81(m,12H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ64.27(d,J=106.13Hz,6-C×2),86.90(d,J=13.14Hz,8-C×1),116.30(d,J=11.57Hz,5-C×2),118.89(d,J=1.32Hz,9-C×1),123.06(d,J=94.42Hz,4-C×2),130.29(d,J=13.81Hz,3-C×4),132.88(d,J=11.72Hz,2-C×4),134.92(d,J=3.25Hz,1-C×2),150.12(d,J=1.61Hz,7-C×2);
31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ8.83.
[实施例4]PH23的合成
在冰冷下在三氟乙酸酐的二氯甲烷溶液中加入氯化铝和DCNP,并在室温下反应了2天,然后用水进行淬灭,用氯仿进行提取,并对有机相进行了清洗/干燥/浓缩。用硅胶柱层析法对得到的粗产物进行纯化,由此得到了88%的黄褐色固体的PH23。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.76(m,10H),8.36(d,J=28.11Hz,2H);
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ66.81(d,J=105.45Hz,6-C×2),108.09(d,J=9.73Hz,8-C×1),117.22(q,J=291.12Hz,10-C×1),116.30(d,J=12.30Hz,5-C×2),122.06(d,J=94.35Hz,4-C×2),130.36(d,J=13.82Hz,3-C×4),132.96(d,J=11.68Hz,2-C×4),135.10(d,J=3.00Hz,1-C×2),150.31(s,7-C×2),174.10-175.12(m,9-C×1);
31P-NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ7.56.
[实施例5]有机EL元件的制作及元件评价
通过溅射将制膜成180nm的厚度的ITO研磨至150nm而得到26mm×28mm×0.7mm的玻璃基板(株式会社Opto Science制),将该玻璃基板作为透明支撑基板。将该透明支撑基板固定于市售的蒸镀装置(株式会社昭和真空制)的基板支架,安装了加入有六氮杂三苯并菲腈(HAT-CN)的钼制蒸镀用舟皿、加入有4,4’-双[苯基(1-萘基)氨基]联苯(NPB)的钼制蒸镀用舟皿、加入有BH1的钼制蒸镀用舟皿、加入有在实施例1中合成的PH1的钼制蒸镀用舟皿、加入有2,9-二(2-萘基)-4,7-二苯基-1,10-菲咯啉(ET1)的钼制蒸镀用舟皿、及加入有铝的钨制蒸镀用舟皿。
在透明支撑基板的ITO膜之上依次形成了下述各层。将真空槽减压至5×10-4Pa,首先对加入有HAT-CN的蒸镀用舟皿进行加热并以膜厚成为5nm的方式进行蒸镀,形成了空穴注入层3。接着,对加入有NPB的蒸镀用舟皿进行加热并以膜厚成为60nm的方式进行蒸镀,形成了空穴输送层4。
进一步对加入有BH1的蒸镀用舟皿和加入有PH1的蒸镀用舟皿进行加热并进行共蒸镀,以膜厚成为30nm的方式进行蒸镀,形成了有机发光层5。此时,以在有机发光层中含有4重量%的PH1的方式调整了蒸镀速度。
接着,对加入有ET1的蒸镀用舟皿进行加热并以膜厚成为20nm的方式进行蒸镀而形成了电子输送层6。
各层的蒸镀速度为1~2nm/秒。
最后对加入有铝的蒸镀用舟皿进行加热并以0.01~2nm/秒的蒸镀速度以成为100nm的方式进行蒸镀,由此形成阴极,得到了有机EL元件。
将ITO电极作为阳极、将LiF/铝电极作为阴极而施加直流电压时,得到了蓝色发光。
[实施例6]有机EL元件的制作及元件评价
将实施例5中使用的PH1置换成PH2,除此以外,与实施例5完全同样地操作制得了元件。
[比较例1]有机EL元件的制作及元件评价
将实施例5中使用的PH1置换成BD1,除此以外,与实施例5完全同样地操作制得了元件。
[比较例2]有机EL元件的制作及元件评价
将实施例5中使用的BH1置换成CBP,除此以外,与实施例5完全同样地操作制得了元件。
[比较例3]有机EL元件的制作及元件评价
将实施例5中使用的BH1置换成BSBCz,除此以外,与实施例5完全同样地操作制得了元件。
表1 10mA/cm2驱动时的发光特性
表2以初始亮度500cd/m2测得的95%寿命的相对值
LT95 | |
实施例5 | 1.3 |
实施例6 | 1.1 |
比较例1 | 1.0 |
比较例2 | 0.12 |
比较例3 | 0.15 |
L/J/y是考虑了发光色度的不同的发光效率,但使用了本发明的磷杂苯衍生物的有机EL元件与以往已知的芳香族胺系的蓝色掺杂剂相比,发光效率明显更高。
另外,根据表2可知:使用了本发明的磷杂苯衍生物的掺杂剂材料在与像BH1这样的蒽系基质一起使用的情况下,相较于与像CBP、BSBCz这样不具有蒽结构的基质材料的组合更显著地改善了发光寿命。
这如根据表3可以推测的那样,认为:有可能产生从高次的三重态至单重态激发态的热活性延迟荧光,因此实现了高效率发光。
表3 Gaussian09.B3LYP/6-31G(d)//B3LYP/6-31G(d)level的计算结果
ΔS1-T1(eV) | ΔS1-T2(eV) | ΔS1-T3(eV) | |
PH1 | 0.79 | -0.26 | -0.41 |
PH2 | 0.94 | -0.14 | -0.26 |
如果将本发明的有机EL用发光材料用作有机EL元件的发光材料,则能够得到全彩电视中所需的纯蓝色的发光。
Claims (4)
4.根据权利要求3所述的有机EL元件,其特征在于,所述有机发光层含有0.1~10重量%的由所述通式(2)表示的磷杂苯衍生物。
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