CN114591092A - 一种建筑材料用添加剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种建筑材料用添加剂,所述添加剂包括聚乙烯醇、阿拉伯树胶、FC分散剂、煤油和油酸,各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:15~20份,所述阿拉伯树胶:10~15份,所述FC分散剂:5~8份,所述煤油:5~10份,所述油酸:3~5份;所述FC分散剂包括松油醇和乙基纤维素,所述松油醇与所述乙基纤维素的重量比为15~20:1。本发明通过配制复合添加剂,使得添加剂能够均匀地分给每个粒子,在颗粒内形成均质化的微观结构,使得粉料在压制造粒后颗粒表面平整、间隙小,易于压密压实。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料制备技术领域,特别涉及一种建筑材料用添加剂。
背景技术
在电子工业中能够利用电、磁性质的陶瓷,称为电子陶瓷。电子陶瓷是通过对表面、晶界和尺寸结构的控制而最终获得具有新功能的陶瓷。在能源、家用电器、汽车等方面可以广泛应用。
温控器开关陶瓷的使用已有良久的历史,最初由于当时陶瓷制造工艺比较落后,温控器开关盒均采用塑料制品,但由于塑料制品在高温下易软化,从而使电器产品存在很大的安全隐患,20世纪90年代,德国开始研发以干压成型陶瓷温控器开关盒,并获得了成功。而国内因干粉工艺比较落后,温控器开关陶瓷的陶瓷基座大部分依靠从德国进口,少部分低端产品则选择以热压铸注浆的方式生产。热压铸成型存在工序较繁,耗能大,工期长的缺点,严重制约了产品的批量生产和规模生产。而采用干粉成型新工艺生产温控器陶瓷,不但工艺简单,操作方便,宜于大批量生产,而且周期短、工效高,容易实现机械化自动化生产。由于坯料中含水或其它粘合剂比较少,干粉成型的坯体致密度高,尺寸比较精确,烧成收缩小,产品的机械强度高,电性能也好。
采用干压成型工艺生产复杂形状陶瓷,要求粉料呈颗粒状,有较好的流动性、颗粒有一定的强度,在运输和加料过程中不容易被破碎、有一定的颗粒级配,加料时可实现紧密堆积、具有一定的粘结特性和润滑特性、颗粒之间不相互粘结等造粒特性。经分析,为了达到上述特性要求,往陶瓷原料中添加各种辅助添加剂是必然的,这些添加剂既不能影响坯料组分,又要求它们能均匀分布在每一个粉末颗粒中。但在成型添加剂方面还需要解决以下几点:一是,添加剂总量尽可能少,以保证产品的致密性及烧成收缩比小;二是,在复杂形状陶瓷毛坯压制过程中,粉料要易于粉碎,以增加成型时的流动性。但成型后又要足够的坯体强度以便脱模。
在实现本发明的过程中,发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题:现有的单一添加剂具有以下的缺点,一是加入单一的添加剂,不能提高粉料的可塑性;二是料浆粘度较高,流动不良,不利于喷雾造粒;三是压制成型的毛坯制品不具有良好的坯体强度。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题,本发明实施例提供了一种建筑材料用添加剂。所述技术方案如下:
提供了一种建筑材料用添加剂,所述添加剂包括聚乙烯醇、阿拉伯树胶、FC分散剂、煤油和油酸,各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:15~20份,所述阿拉伯树胶:10~15份,所述FC分散剂:5~8份,所述煤油:5~10份,所述油酸:3~5份;所述FC分散剂包括松油醇和乙基纤维素,所述松油醇与所述乙基纤维素的重量比为15~20:1。
进一步地,所述添加剂中各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:17~18份,所述阿拉伯树胶:12~13份,所述FC分散剂:6~7份,所述煤油:7~9份,所述油酸:3.5份。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是:
通过配制复合添加剂,使得添加剂能够均匀地分给每个粒子,在颗粒内形成均质化的微观结构,使得粉料在压制造粒后颗粒表面平整、间隙小,易于压密压实。另一方面,该复合添加剂使得粉料具有良好的流动性,保证了制品坯体在压制成型时,各部分组织均匀一致,避免了产品烧制时容易开裂以及变形。从而能够满足复杂结构陶瓷的低收缩比要求。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
本实施例提供了一种建筑材料用添加剂,所述添加剂包括聚乙烯醇、阿拉伯树胶、FC分散剂、煤油和油酸,各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:15~20份,所述阿拉伯树胶:10~15份,所述FC分散剂:5~8份,所述煤油:5~10份,所述油酸:3~5份;所述FC分散剂包括松油醇和乙基纤维素,所述松油醇与所述乙基纤维素的重量比为15~20:1。
优选地,所述添加剂中各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:17~18份,所述阿拉伯树胶:12~13份,所述FC分散剂:6~7份,所述煤油:7~9份,所述油酸:3.5份。这样,将上述三者混合到一起配制成复合添加剂,使得陶瓷粉料能够获得理想的颗粒形状和松装密度;并且,阿拉伯树胶作为一种水溶性的有机物质,可以促使聚乙烯醇在颗粒中均化,使得制备的粉体均匀,同时能够提高粉料的流动性,在陶瓷坯体压制时起到很好的润滑作用;而FC分散剂作为表面活性剂,添加其可以获得高稳定性、流动性、均质性好的高固体含量的浆料,从而能够大大减少用水量,节约能耗。
其中,FC分散剂是一种自主配制的分散剂,该FC分散剂包括松油醇和乙基纤维素,松油醇与乙基纤维素按照15~25:1的重量比配制。
该FC分散剂的配制方法是:称取重量比为15~25:1的松油醇和乙基纤维素,装入玻璃瓶内稍加搅拌混合后,密封瓶口,放在球磨机上滚磨,装填量以75%~80%为宜。滚磨时间视悬浮液溶解情况而定,至液体内无气泡,无块状物,均匀一致即可,时间一般为72小时。
优选地,该添加剂还包括煤油和油酸,其中,煤油和油酸所占的重量份如下:煤油:5~15份,油酸:3~8份。其中,煤油为航空煤油,油酸为10#植物油酸。在该添加剂加入煤油和油酸,使得粉料表面光滑,便于干压过程中粉料流动,制作出均匀致密的陶瓷坯体。
更优选地,该添加剂中各组分所占的重量份如下:聚乙烯醇:13~17份,阿拉伯树胶:7~10份,FC分散剂:4~6份,煤油:8~12份,油酸:4~6份。
在陶瓷粉料中加入该添加剂时,添加剂的加入量是陶瓷粉料重量的2%~10%。
上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种建筑材料用添加剂,其特征在于,所述添加剂包括聚乙烯醇、阿拉伯树胶、FC分散剂、煤油和油酸,各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:15~20份,所述阿拉伯树胶:10~15份,所述FC分散剂:5~8份,所述煤油:5~10份,所述油酸:3~5份;
所述FC分散剂包括松油醇和乙基纤维素,所述松油醇与所述乙基纤维素的重量比为15~20:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的建筑材料用添加剂,其特征在于,所述添加剂中各组分所占的重量份如下:所述聚乙烯醇:17~18份,所述阿拉伯树胶:12~13份,所述FC分散剂:6~7份,所述煤油:7~9份,所述油酸:3.5份。
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