CN114574979A - Preparation method of bi-component elastic composite fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of bi-component elastic composite fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN114574979A CN114574979A CN202210201103.9A CN202210201103A CN114574979A CN 114574979 A CN114574979 A CN 114574979A CN 202210201103 A CN202210201103 A CN 202210201103A CN 114574979 A CN114574979 A CN 114574979A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
- D02G3/045—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials all components being made from artificial or synthetic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
- D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of bi-component elastic composite fiber, which comprises the steps of carrying out composite spinning on two different polymer melts to prepare the bi-component elastic composite fiber, wherein a spinneret plate used for the composite spinning is provided with a plurality of unit spinneret combined holes; each unit spinneret combined hole consists of circular spinneret holes I-IV (I is opposite to II, and III is opposite to IV), the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I-IV are respectively positioned at the middle points of four sides of a square, the diameters of the circular spinneret holes I-IV are the same and are 0.13-0.14 mm, and the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II is 0.08-0.10 mm; one of the two different polymer melts is extruded from the circular spinneret orifices I and II, and the other polymer melt is extruded from the circular spinneret orifices III and IV; the distance between two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is larger than 5 mm. The method of the invention has good spinnability and long plate cleaning period of the spinning spinneret plate in the processing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of production of special profiled terylene composite fibers, and relates to a preparation method of bi-component elastic composite fibers.
Background
In recent years, from the trend that the number of functional fabrics adopted by brands such as Nike, Adidas and Reebok is gradually increased, a series of health, functional and high-tech intelligent textiles with the functions of antibiosis, deodorization, fire prevention, warm keeping, sweat releasing, moisture permeability and water resistance and the like become mainstream in the future market. The moisture absorption and sweat releasing fiber has wide application and wide market prospect. In the early international research, Coolmax, which was first developed by dupont in the united states, and a triac product, which was developed by eastern japan, were purchased by the military to produce military uniforms. The subsequent product of the cross-shaped profiled fiber has very good moisture absorption and sweat releasing performance, but the production process of the cross-shaped profiled fiber in the market basically adopts a common spinneret plate with cross-shaped spinneret holes, the plate cleaning period is short, the plate surface is dirty after ten hours or so after the spinneret plate is cleaned, the spinning broken ends and the floating silk are easily caused, the production cost is increased, and a lot of adverse effects are brought to the subsequent processing.
With the continuous expansion of the application range of synthetic fibers and the development of spinning technology, various differentiated fibers with high added values are continuously developed and applied, wherein the composite spinning technology is particularly prominent. The composite fiber is prepared by distributing two or more than two high polymer melts in a composite assembly through respective melt pipelines by utilizing different varieties, viscosities or proportions of the melts, and extruding the melts from spinneret holes to form a bundle of fibers. The production of the composite fiber at the present stage is basically to produce the conventional round hole composite filament, and products with few profiled composite fibers have relatively poor potential crimping performance, crimping stability and elastic recovery. Patent CN104726947A discloses a bicomponent cross-shaped composite fiber, which has relatively good potential crimping performance, crimping stability and elastic recovery, but the spinneret orifice is a common spinneret orifice in a cross shape, the plate cleaning period is short during production, the plate surface is dirty often about ten hours after the spinneret orifice is cleaned, and spinning broken ends and floating filaments are easily caused, so that the production cost is increased.
Therefore, the research on the bicomponent elastic composite fiber with long clearing period and relatively good potential crimping performance, crimping stability and elastic recovery has extremely important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a bi-component elastic composite fiber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing two-component elastic composite fiber comprises carrying out composite spinning on two different polymer melts to obtain two-component elastic composite fiber, wherein a spinneret plate used for the composite spinning is provided with a plurality of unit spinneret combined holes;
each unit spinneret combined hole consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I and II and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III and IV, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are respectively positioned on the middle points of four sides of a square, the diameters of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are the same and are 0.13-0.14 mm, and the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II (the distance between the central points of the circular spinneret holes I and II minus the sum of the radius of the circular spinneret hole I and the radius of the circular spinneret hole II) is 0.08-0.10 mm; when the diameter of the spinneret orifice is less than 0.13mm, the spinneret orifice is difficult to process and difficult to clean, the phenomenon of hole blockage is easily caused, and normal production cannot be realized; if the distance between the circular spinneret orifices I and II (or the distance between the circular spinneret orifices III and IV) is too small, the melts flowing out of the four spinneret orifices are fused and connected to form a cross-shaped fiber section due to the swelling effect, so that the cross-shaped fiber section has low profile degree, and the moisture absorption and sweat releasing performance of the cross-shaped fiber section is poor; if the size is too large, the fusion connection is difficult, and a cross-shaped fiber section cannot be formed;
the two different polymer melts are respectively a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.48-0.60 dl/g and a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.65-0.90 dl/g, one is extruded from circular spinneret holes I and II, the other is extruded from circular spinneret holes III and IV, the intrinsic viscosity difference of the two polymer melts is too small, the curling performance, the curling stability and the elastic recovery of the product are poor, if the difference is too large, the difference of the fluidity of the two melts causes the difference of the swelling effect of the two melts to be large, so that a regular cross-shaped fiber section is difficult to form, and the moisture absorption and sweat releasing performance of a subsequent fabric is influenced;
the distance between two adjacent unit spinneret combination holes (namely the distance between two circular spinneret holes closest to each other in the two adjacent unit spinneret combination holes, which is equal to the sum of the distance between the central points of the two circular spinneret holes closest to each other in the two adjacent unit spinneret combination holes minus the radius of the two circular spinneret holes) is more than 5 mm;
the spinning temperature (namely the melt extrusion temperature at the spinneret plate) of the composite spinning is 295-300 ℃; the melting point of PET is more than 265 ℃, in order to ensure the fluidity of the composite melt, the spinning temperature is generally more than 290 ℃, the cross-shaped fiber is the profiled fiber, and the required temperature is higher, so the melting point is set to 295-300 ℃.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber, the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 32-48 h; compared with a round spinneret orifice, the spinneret orifice is rectangular due to the cross-shaped spinneret orifice in the production of the cross-shaped fiber, oligomers and cokes are more easily gathered and more in the spinneret orifice, the extrusion of a melt is not smooth, and the phenomenon of bend exists, these factors make the cross fiber with simple cross spinneret holes dirty quickly, the plate surface is difficult to shovel, the plate cleaning period is maintained at most about 16h, the cross fiber of the invention is formed without depending on the cross spinneret holes, but the melt flowing out from the four small circular holes is fused and connected to form cross-shaped fibers through the melt rheological property, namely the swelling effect of melt flow, the spinneret orifices of the spinneret plate are circular combined orifices instead of cross-shaped spinneret orifices, the circumference of the orifice of the circular orifice is small, oligomers and cokes are not easy to gather, and the period of the cross-shaped fiber plate cleaning of the invention can reach 32-48 h.
According to the preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber, the crimp elongation of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber is 38-42%, the crimp elastic recovery rate is 74-88%, the breaking strength CV% is 2.8-3.7, and the breaking elongation CV% is 3.6-4.5; the conventional cross-shaped fiber has a crimp elongation of 20-30%, a crimp elastic recovery of 50-70%, a breaking strength CV% of 5.2-6.0 and a breaking elongation CV% of 7.0-8.2.
According to the preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber, the length-diameter ratios of the circular spinneret holes I-IV are all 3-4.
In the preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber, the spinneret plate is provided with 48, 72 or 144 unit spinneret combined holes.
According to the preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber, the distance between every two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is 6.0-8.3 mm, and the reason for the arrangement is that the diameter range of the spinneret plate is 65-88 mm, and the effective heat dissipation and cooling of fiber strands melt-extruded from the spinneret plate are ensured.
The preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber comprises the following overall process flow: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming.
According to the preparation method of the bicomponent elastic composite fiber, a circular blowing device is adopted for cooling and forming in cooling and solidifying, the temperature of circular blowing is 18-20 ℃, the relative humidity is 75-85%, and the pressure is 600-800 Pa.
According to the preparation method of the two-component elastic composite fiber, the cluster oiling is realized by using the oil nozzle, the oil outlet hole is a flat hole, the friction coefficient can be reduced, the smoothness is effectively improved, and the phenomena of filament floating and abnormal end breakage caused by uneven oiling are avoided.
Advantageous effects
In the production of the cross-shaped fiber, compared with a circular spinneret orifice, the cross-shaped spinneret orifice ensures that the orifice of the spinneret plate is rectangular, oligomers and cokes are easier to gather and more in the spinneret orifice to cause unsmooth extrusion of melt, and an elbow phenomenon exists, and the factors ensure that the simple spinneret orifice is the dirty surface of the cross-shaped fiber, the plate surface is difficult to shovel, and the plate cleaning period is maintained at about 16 hours at most, the cross-shaped fiber of the invention is formed not by the cross-shaped spinneret orifice, but by the melt rheological property, namely the swelling effect of melt flow, the melts flowing out from four small circular orifices with the same diameter are fused and connected to form the cross-shaped fiber, the spinneret orifice of the spinneret plate is a circular combined orifice but not a cross-shaped spinneret orifice, the circumference of the orifice of the circular orifice is small, the oligomers and cokes are difficult to gather, and the plate cleaning period of the cross-shaped fiber of the invention can reach more than 32 hours, effectively improves the plate cleaning period of the spinning spinneret plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a unit spinneret assembly hole arrangement of a spinneret plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the orifices of the spinneret plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the combined orifice of the spinneret of example 3 and the orifice of comparative example 3;
wherein, 1-spinneret plate, 2-unit spinneret combined holes, 3-circular spinneret holes I, 4-circular spinneret holes II, 5-circular spinneret holes III, 6-circular spinneret holes IV.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A preparation method of a two-component elastic composite fiber comprises the following specific processes:
carrying out composite spinning on two different high polymer melts to prepare two-component elastic composite fibers;
the whole process flow is as follows: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming;
as shown in fig. 1-2, a spinneret plate 1 for composite spinning is provided with 72 unit spinneret combined holes 2; each unit spinneret combined hole 2 consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I3 and II 4 and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III 5 and IV 6, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I3, II 4, III 5 and IV 6 are respectively positioned at the middle points of four sides of a square, the diameters (namely a) of the circular spinneret holes I3, II 4, III 5 and IV 6 are the same and are 0.13mm, and the distance (namely b) between the circular spinneret holes I3 and II 4 is 0.08 mm; the length-diameter ratios of the circular spinneret orifices I3, II 4, III 5 and IV 6 are all 3; the distance between two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes 2 is 6 mm;
the two different polymer melts are respectively a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.48dl/g and a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.65dl/g, one of the two different polymer melts is extruded from a circular spinneret orifice I3 and a circular spinneret orifice II 4, and the other of the two different polymer melts is extruded from a circular spinneret orifice III 5 and a circular spinneret orifice IV 6; the spinning temperature (namely the melt extrusion temperature at the spinneret plate) of the composite spinning is 295 ℃;
cooling and solidifying by adopting a circular air blowing device for cooling and forming, wherein the temperature of circular air blowing is 18 ℃, the relative humidity is 75%, and the pressure is 600 Pa;
the cluster oiling adopts the oil nozzle to oil, and the oil outlet is a flat hole.
The cross section of the finally prepared double-component elastic composite fiber is cross-shaped; the prepared bicomponent elastic composite fiber has the crimp elongation of 39.5 percent, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 78.4 percent, the breaking strength CV percent of 3.56 percent, the breaking elongation CV percent of 4.27 percent and the oil content of 0.48 percent; the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 36 h.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a bicomponent elastic composite fiber, which is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the distance between a circular spinneret orifice I and a circular spinneret orifice II is 0.06 mm.
The prepared bicomponent elastic composite fiber has the crimp elongation of 32%, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 64%, the breaking strength CV% of 6.87, the elongation at break CV% of 9.60 and the oil content of 0.48%; the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 18 h.
The crimp elongation, the crimp elastic recovery, the breaking strength CV%, and the breaking elongation CV% of comparative example 1 were far inferior to those of example 1, compared to example 1, because the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II was too small, and the overlapping area was large when the fusion connection was expanded and expanded, resulting in poor profile effect.
Comparative example 2
A method of preparing a conjugate fiber, substantially as in example 1, except that the spacing between the circular orifice I and the circular orifice II is 0.12 mm.
The composite fiber cannot be produced because the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II is too large to allow fusion bonding.
Example 2
A preparation method of a two-component elastic composite fiber comprises the following specific processes:
carrying out composite spinning on two different high polymer melts to prepare two-component elastic composite fibers;
the whole process flow is as follows: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming;
wherein, 72 unit spinneret combined holes are arranged on a spinneret plate used for composite spinning; each unit spinneret combined hole consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I and II and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III and IV, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are respectively positioned on the middle points of four sides of the square, the diameters of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are the same and are 0.14mm, and the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II is 0.1 mm; the length-diameter ratios of the circular spinneret orifices I to IV are all 4; the distance between every two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is 6.5 mm;
the two different polymer melts are respectively a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.5dl/g and a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.7dl/g, one of the two different polymer melts is extruded from circular spinneret orifices I and II, and the other polymer melt is extruded from circular spinneret orifices III and IV; the spinning temperature (namely the melt extrusion temperature at the spinneret plate) of the composite spinning is 296 ℃;
cooling and solidifying by adopting a circular blowing device for cooling and forming, wherein the temperature of circular blowing is 19 ℃, the relative humidity is 77%, and the pressure is 700 Pa;
the cluster oiling adopts the oil nozzle to oil, and the oil outlet is a flat hole.
The prepared bicomponent elastic composite fiber has the crimp elongation of 40.4 percent, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 81.7 percent, the breaking strength CV percent of 3.27, the breaking elongation CV percent of 4.09 and the oil content of 0.52 percent; the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 36 h.
Example 3
A preparation method of a two-component elastic composite fiber comprises the following specific processes:
carrying out composite spinning on two different high polymer melts to prepare two-component elastic composite fibers;
the whole process flow is as follows: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming;
wherein, 144 unit spinneret combined holes are arranged on a spinneret plate used for composite spinning; each unit spinneret combination hole consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I and II and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III and IV, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are respectively positioned at the middle points of four sides of a square, the diameters a of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are the same and are all 0.13mm, and the distance c between the circular spinneret holes I and II is 0.1 mm; the length-diameter ratios of the circular spinneret orifices I to IV are all 3; the distance between every two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is 7 mm;
the two different polymer melts were a PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.53dl/g and a PET melt with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.75dl/g, one extruded from circular orifices I and II and the other extruded from circular orifices III and IV; the spinning temperature (namely the melt extrusion temperature at the spinneret plate) of the composite spinning is 297 ℃;
cooling and solidifying by adopting a circular blowing device for cooling and forming, wherein the temperature of circular blowing is 20 ℃, the relative humidity is 79 percent, and the pressure is 800 Pa;
the cluster oiling adopts the oil nozzle to oil, and the oil outlet is a flat hole.
The prepared bicomponent elastic composite fiber has the crimp elongation of 41.5 percent, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 87.5 percent, the breaking strength CV percent of 2.86, the breaking elongation CV percent of 3.62 and the oil content of 0.56 percent; the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 48 h.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a cross-shaped fiber comprises the following specific steps:
spinning the PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.65dl/g to prepare font fiber;
the whole process flow comprises the following steps: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming;
the spinneret orifice on the spinneret plate is in a cross shape and is formed by overlapping two rectangular orifices, wherein the length of each rectangular orifice is 0.36mm, and the width of each rectangular orifice is 0.13 mm;
cooling and solidifying by adopting a circular blowing device for cooling and forming, wherein the temperature of circular blowing is 20 ℃, the relative humidity is 79 percent, and the pressure is 800 Pa;
the cluster oiling adopts an oil nozzle for oiling, and an oil outlet is a round hole;
the prepared cross-shaped fiber has the crimp elongation of 25%, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 62%, the strength CV% of 5.7 and the breaking elongation CV% of 7.7; the plate cleaning period is 16 h.
Compared with the embodiment 3, the plate cleaning period of the comparative example 3 is far shorter than that of the embodiment 3, because the spinneret plate orifice is rectangular due to the cross-shaped spinneret orifices, oligomers and cokes are more easily accumulated and abundant in the spinneret orifices, the melt is extruded unsmoothly, and the bending phenomenon exists, so that the surface of the cross-shaped fiber plate with the simple spinneret orifices in the cross shape is dirty quickly and is difficult to shovel.
As shown in FIG. 3, which is a comparative graph of the spinneret hole of comparative example 3 and the spinneret assembly hole of example 3, the diameter of the inscribed circle at the center of the spinneret hole of comparative example 3 (i.e., where two rectangles overlap) is 0.13mm and the area is 0.0132mm2The diameter of a circumcircle at the center of a spinneret orifice (namely the overlapping position of two rectangles) is 0.36mm, and the area is 0.1018mm2The degree of abnormity is (0.1018-0.0132)/0.1018-87%; diameter of center inscribed circle between 4 circular spinneret holes of spinneret combination hole of example 30.10mm in area and 0.0078mm in area2The diameter of the circumscribed circle is also 0.36mm, and the area is 0.1018mm2The degree of profile was (0.1018-0.0078)/0.1018 of 92%, and the degree of profile of the fiber of example 3 was higher than that of the fiber of comparative example 3.
Example 4
A preparation method of a two-component elastic composite fiber comprises the following specific processes:
carrying out composite spinning on two different high polymer melts to prepare two-component elastic composite fibers;
the whole process flow is as follows: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming;
wherein, 48 unit spinning combined holes are arranged on a spinneret plate used for composite spinning; each unit spinneret combined hole consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I and II and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III and IV, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are respectively positioned on the middle points of four sides of a square, the diameters of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are the same and are all 0.14mm, and the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II is 0.08 mm; the length-diameter ratios of the circular spinneret orifices I to IV are all 4; the distance between every two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is 7.6 mm;
the two different polymer melts are respectively PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.58dl/g and PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.8dl/g, one of the two different polymer melts is extruded from circular spinneret orifices I and II, and the other polymer melt is extruded from circular spinneret orifices III and IV; the spinning temperature (namely the melt extrusion temperature at a spinneret plate) of the composite spinning is 298 ℃;
cooling and solidifying by adopting a circular blowing device for cooling and forming, wherein the temperature of circular blowing is 19 ℃, the relative humidity is 82%, and the pressure is 750 Pa;
the cluster oiling adopts the oil nozzle to oil, and the oil outlet is a flat hole.
The prepared bicomponent elastic composite fiber has the crimp elongation of 38.4 percent, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 75.3 percent, the breaking strength CV percent of 3.68 percent, the breaking elongation CV percent of 4.42 percent and the oil content of 0.48 percent; the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 32 h.
Example 5
A preparation method of a two-component elastic composite fiber comprises the following specific processes:
carrying out composite spinning on two different polymer melts to prepare a two-component elastic composite fiber;
the whole process flow is as follows: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming;
wherein, 72 unit spinneret combined holes are arranged on a spinneret plate used for composite spinning; each unit spinneret combined hole consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I and II and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III and IV, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are respectively positioned on the middle points of four sides of the square, the diameters of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are the same and are 0.13mm, and the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II is 0.09 mm; the length-diameter ratios of the circular spinneret orifices I to IV are all 3; the distance between every two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is 8.3 mm;
the two different polymer melts are respectively a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.6dl/g and a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.9dl/g, one of the two different polymer melts is extruded from circular spinneret orifices I and II, and the other polymer melt is extruded from circular spinneret orifices III and IV; the spinning temperature (namely the melt extrusion temperature at the spinneret plate) of the composite spinning is 300 ℃;
cooling and solidifying by adopting a circular blowing device for cooling and forming, wherein the temperature of circular blowing is 18 ℃, the relative humidity is 85%, and the pressure is 650 Pa;
the cluster oiling adopts the oil nozzle to oil, and the oil outlet is a flat hole.
The prepared bicomponent elastic composite fiber has the crimp elongation of 41.2 percent, the crimp elastic recovery rate of 84.8 percent, the breaking strength CV percent of 3.08, the breaking elongation CV percent of 3.85 and the oil content of 0.52 percent; the plate cleaning period of the spinneret plate is 40 h.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing two-component elastic composite fiber, carry on the composite spinning to make two-component elastic composite fiber two different high polymer melts, characterized by that, there are multiple units to spray the silk and make up the hole on the spinneret plate that the composite spinning uses;
each unit spinneret combined hole consists of a group of opposite circular spinneret holes I and II and another group of opposite circular spinneret holes III and IV, the circle centers of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are respectively positioned at the middle points of four sides of a square, the diameters of the circular spinneret holes I to IV are the same and are 0.13-0.14 mm, and the distance between the circular spinneret holes I and II is 0.08-0.10 mm;
the two different polymer melts are respectively a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.48-0.60 dl/g and a PET melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.65-0.90 dl/g, one is extruded from circular spinneret orifices I and II, and the other is extruded from circular spinneret orifices III and IV;
the distance between every two adjacent unit spinneret combined holes is larger than 5 mm;
the spinning temperature of the composite spinning is 295-300 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the bicomponent elastic composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the spinneret plate has a plate cleaning period of 32 to 48 hours.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the bicomponent elastic conjugate fiber has a crimp elongation of 38-42%, a crimp elastic recovery of 74-88%, a breaking strength CV% of 2.8-3.7, and an elongation at break CV% of 3.6-4.5.
4. The method for preparing the bicomponent elastic composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the same length-diameter ratio of the circular spinneret holes I to IV is 3 to 4.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the spinneret plate has 48, 72 or 144 unit spinneret combination holes.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the distance between two adjacent unit spinneret assembly holes is 6.0-8.3 mm.
7. The method for preparing the bicomponent elastic composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall process flow is as follows: melt extrusion → cooling and solidifying → bundling and oiling → winding and forming.
8. The method for preparing the bicomponent elastic composite fiber according to claim 7, wherein the cooling solidification is carried out by cooling with a circular blowing device, the temperature of the circular blowing is 18-20 ℃, the relative humidity is 75-85%, and the pressure is 600-800 Pa.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the cluster oiling is performed by a nozzle, and the oil outlet is a flat hole.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117737868A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-03-22 | 江苏德力化纤有限公司 | Polyester fiber with large specific surface area and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220603 |