CN114569042A - 一种硬性内窥镜系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种硬性内窥镜系统,包含外部镜管、物镜组、棒镜组、主镜体、图像传感器、摄像系统外壳、配套照相物镜组,发光芯片、供电接口,通过对硬性内窥镜与电子摄像系统成像光路的协同设计,移除了硬性内窥镜光路中的目镜组及配套的眼罩、连接口等机械结构,以精简优化成像光路的方式,有效降低了加工及装配成本,因而提高了仪器的性价比,充分展现了硬性内窥镜的特有优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种硬性内窥镜系统,属于光学仪器技术领域。
背景技术
内窥镜作为医用光学仪器已经有两百多年的历史,已经从初期阶段由光学透镜构成的经典硬性内窥镜,逐渐发展成为融合现代技术的新式内窥镜,如纤维内镜、电子内镜、胶囊内镜和超声内镜等。虽然新式内窥镜能够克服经典硬性内窥镜在某些方面存在的技术缺陷,具备较高的应用价值,但是经典硬性内窥镜以其像质和性价比等方面具备的独特优势,目前在临床诊疗领域仍然具有极高的应用普及率以及市场份额。为了进一步展现硬性内窥镜的独有优势,对其开展技术研发工作具有重要的意义。
目前,为了便于医师进行实时操作以及影像学分析,硬性内窥镜通常与电子摄像系统配套使用,从而构成一套完整的硬性内窥镜系统,其结构如附图1所示。其中,内窥镜的形式为经典硬性内窥镜,包括外部镜管、内部镜管、主镜体、导光口、照明光纤束、物镜组、棒镜组、目镜组、眼罩等;电子摄像系统包含照相物镜组、连接口、图像传感器等。物镜组对生物组织反射的照明光束进行汇聚,对生物组织进行第一次成像,棒镜组对物镜汇聚的图像进行物-像尺寸不变的多次中继成像,中继图像朝向目镜组传递,目镜组将棒镜组呈现的中继图像进行放大,并且以平行光的形式出射,便于人眼在目镜后能够以最舒适的方式观察,照相物镜组将目镜组出射的平行光束汇聚在图像传感器的位置。
根据技术调研结果,在硬性内窥镜的优化设计方案中,具有代表性的是高像质一次性硬性内窥镜系统,其结构如附图2所示,其优化设计的核心思路是使用发光芯片代替照明光纤束,精简了经典硬性内窥镜的内部、外部双重镜管的结构,将光学元件和发光芯片统一安装于外部镜管中,并且以模压工艺制造的非球面透镜作为内窥镜的光学元件。因此,上述设计方案以扩大了光学系统口径以及采用非球面成像系统校正像差的双重物理机制提高了成像质量,以发光芯片代替光纤束以及采取模压工艺代替古典磨抛工艺制造透镜的方式降低了成本。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种硬性内窥镜系统,可以简化内窥镜的光路,降低成本。
一种硬性内窥镜系统,包括外部镜管(1)、物镜组(2)、棒镜组(4)、图像传感器(9)以及配套照相物镜组(13);
所述物镜组(2)和棒镜组(4)按前后顺序设置在外部镜管(1)内;外部镜管(1)的后端设置配套照相物镜组(13),配套照相物镜组(13)的后端设置图像传感器(9);
所述物镜组(2)的作用对内窥镜视场范围内物体的进行聚焦成像,所述棒镜组(4)对物镜组(2)所得图像进行尺寸不变的中继成像,并向配套照相物镜组(13)的方向进行传递,配套照相物镜组(13)对中继图像进行放大,并使放大后的共轭像与图像传感器(9)的位置重合,图像传感器(9)将照相物镜组(13)所得共轭像的光强转换为电学信号。
进一步的,还包括发光芯片(14)安装于外部镜管(1)中物镜组(2)的前端。
进一步的,还包括主镜体(6),设在在外部镜管(1)与配套照相物镜组(13)之间;主镜体(6)设置供电接口(15),用于向外部镜管(1)引入导线,对发光芯片(14)进行供电。
较佳的,发光芯片(14)的数目至少为1颗。
进一步的,还包括摄像系统外壳(10),其内部用于安装图像传感器(9)和配套照相物镜组(13)。
较佳的,所述主镜体(6)与摄像系统外壳(10)以紧固螺旋的方式连接。
较佳的,主镜体(6)与摄像系统外壳(10)以紧固卡扣的方式连接。
较佳的,所述主镜体(6)采用一次性压铸成型工艺制作。
较佳的,物镜组(2)、棒镜组(4)、配套照相物镜组(13)采用模压工艺制作。
较佳的,所述外部镜管(1)的材质为医用不锈钢。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种硬性内窥镜系统,包含外部镜管、物镜组、棒镜组、主镜体、图像传感器、摄像系统外壳、配套照相物镜组,发光芯片、供电接口,其中,配套照相物镜组置于棒镜组的后端,实现中继图像的二次放大,并使放大图像的位置与图像传感器的位置重合。通过对硬性内窥镜与电子摄像系统成像光路的协同设计,移除了硬性内窥镜光路中的目镜组及配套的眼罩、连接口等机械结构,将照相物镜汇聚目镜组出射光束的成像方式,调整为配套照相物镜组对棒镜组的中继图像进行二次放大的成像方式。以精简优化成像光路的方式,有效降低了加工及装配成本,因而提高了仪器的性价比,充分展现了硬性内窥镜的特有优势。
附图说明
图1为现有硬性内窥镜系统的结构图。
图2为高像质一次性硬性内窥镜系统的结构图。
图3为本发明所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统的结构图。
图4为现有包含目镜组的硬性内窥镜系统的光路示意图。
图5为本发明所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统的光路示意图。
其中,1-外部镜管,2-物镜组,3-内部镜管,4-棒镜组,5-照明光纤束,6-主镜体,7-目镜组,8-照相物镜组,9-图像传感器,10-摄像系统外壳,11-连接口,12-导光口,13-配套照相物镜组,14-发光芯片,15-供电接口,16-眼罩。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。本申请可以以多种不同的形式来实现,并不限于本实施例描述的实施方式。
然而,本领域的技术人员可能会意识到其中的一个或多个的具体细节描述可以被省略,或者还可以采用其他的方法、组件或材料。在一些例子中,一些实施方式并没有描述或没有详细的描述。
此外,本发明中记载的技术特征、技术方案还可以在一个或多个实施例中以任意合适的方式组合。
本发明对现阶段硬性内窥镜的使用方式进行分析后,认为内窥镜中的目镜组属于成像光学系统中的冗余成分。因为目镜组的作用是将棒镜组传递的中继图像进行放大并成像于无穷远的位置便于人眼观察,然而,硬性内窥镜在实际应用的过程中通常与电子摄像系统配套使用,几乎不存在人眼在目镜后方直接观察图像的操作环节,因此没有必要将中继图像成像于无穷远的位置;另外,通过对照相物镜进行优化设计调整焦距及工作距离,在直接对中继图像进行二次放大成像时,也能够实现与目镜相同的放大倍数。因此,对于当前阶段的内窥镜使用方式,照相物镜组可以完全取代目镜组的功能,现有硬性内窥镜保留目镜组以及眼罩、连接口这些冗余成分,在无形中增加了制造及装调的成本。
本发明所描述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,如附图3所示,包括外部镜管1、物镜组2、棒镜组4、主镜体6、图像传感器9、摄像系统外壳10、配套照相物镜组13,发光芯片14、供电接口15;其中,物镜组2对内窥镜视场范围内观察物体的进行聚焦成像,将较大面积视场范围内观察的物体呈现为一个尺寸缩小的图像,棒镜组4对物镜组2所得图像进行放大倍率不变的中继成像,并向配套照相物镜组13的方向进行传递,配套照相物镜组13对中继图像进行放大成像,并使放大后的图像与图像传感器9的位置重合,图像传感器9将照相物镜组13所得图像的光强转换为电学信号,实现光学图像信息的采集;发光芯片14安装于外部镜管1的前端,物镜组2设置在发光芯片14的后端,棒镜组4设置在物镜组2的后端,发光芯片14、物镜组2和棒镜组4共同安装于外部镜管1之中,外部镜管1的后端连接主镜体6,主镜体6设置供电接口15,主镜体6后端连接摄像系统外壳10,图像传感器9和配套照相物镜组13安装于摄像系统外壳10之中,供电接口15的内部安装导线,从主镜体6以及外部镜管1之内延伸至发光芯片14的区域,导线与发光芯片14进行电气连接,为发光芯片14传输电能,发光芯片14的数目由实际应用需求确定,至少为1颗。
主镜体6采用一次性压铸成型材料制作,构成物镜组2、棒镜组4以及配套照相物镜组13的全部透镜采用模压工艺制作。
较佳的,外部镜管1的材质为医用不锈钢。
较佳的,主镜体6的材质为医用高分子塑料。
较佳的,物镜组2、棒镜组4以及配套照相物镜组13的材质为光学玻璃或光学塑料。
较佳的,外部镜管1和主镜体6的以胶合方式连接。
较佳的,主镜体6与摄像系统外壳10以紧固螺旋的方式连接。
较佳的,主镜体6与摄像系统外壳10以紧固卡扣的方式连接。
综上,以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,包括外部镜管(1)、物镜组(2)、棒镜组(4)、图像传感器(9)以及配套照相物镜组(13);
所述物镜组(2)和棒镜组(4)按前后顺序设置在外部镜管(1)内;外部镜管(1)的后端设置配套照相物镜组(13),配套照相物镜组(13)的后端设置图像传感器(9);
所述物镜组(2)的作用对内窥镜视场范围内物体的进行聚焦成像,所述棒镜组(4)对物镜组(2)所得图像进行尺寸不变的中继成像,并向配套照相物镜组(13)的方向进行传递,配套照相物镜组(13)对中继图像进行放大,并使放大后的共轭像与图像传感器(9)的位置重合,图像传感器(9)将照相物镜组(13)所得共轭像的光强转换为电学信号。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,还包括发光芯片(14)安装于外部镜管(1)中物镜组(2)的前端。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,还包括主镜体(6),设在在外部镜管(1)与配套照相物镜组(13)之间;主镜体(6)设置供电接口(15),用于向外部镜管(1)引入导线,对发光芯片(14)进行供电。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,发光芯片(14)的数目至少为1颗。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,还包括摄像系统外壳(10),其内部用于安装图像传感器(9)和配套照相物镜组(13)。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,所述主镜体(6)与摄像系统外壳(10)以紧固螺旋的方式连接。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,主镜体(6)与摄像系统外壳(10)以紧固卡扣的方式连接。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,所述主镜体(6)采用一次性压铸成型工艺制作。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,物镜组(2)、棒镜组(4)、配套照相物镜组(13)采用模压工艺制作。
10.如权利要求1所述的一种硬性内窥镜系统,其特征在于,所述外部镜管(1)的材质为医用不锈钢。
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US18/255,331 US20240023788A1 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2021-12-01 | Endoscope system |
PCT/CN2021/134814 WO2022117000A1 (zh) | 2020-12-02 | 2021-12-01 | 内窥镜系统 |
DE112021005258.6T DE112021005258T5 (de) | 2020-12-02 | 2021-12-01 | Endoskopiesystem |
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