CN114559713A - 一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114559713A CN114559713A CN202011367184.7A CN202011367184A CN114559713A CN 114559713 A CN114559713 A CN 114559713A CN 202011367184 A CN202011367184 A CN 202011367184A CN 114559713 A CN114559713 A CN 114559713A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- hydrophobic
- heat
- conducting
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010036 direct spinning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/48—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/54—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated nitriles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
- B32B2262/0238—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0246—Acrylic resin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
- B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
- B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法。所述制备方法包括:将疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、调温胶囊与高分子纺丝液混合均匀,形成混合纺丝液;采用熔融纺丝法,将所述混合纺丝液进行纺丝,得到疏水性纤维;将所述疏水性纤维与亲水性纤维混纺,得到疏水层织物,之后将其与亲水层织物复合,获得具有双层结构的单向导湿隔热智能织物。本发明的制备工艺简单,所获智能织物具有低热导率(小于0.05W/mK),相变调温功能(相变焓10‑80J/g)和单向导湿功能,随外界条件发生变化而自动做出响应,并且外部环境中的水分不能通过织物接触皮肤,维持织物温度恒定在人体舒适温度范围内,减少人体热量散失,提高人体在穿着时的舒适感。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种智能织物,特别涉及一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法,属于智能纺织品技术领域。
背景技术
随着经济水平的不断提高,人们对纺织品的需要已经从防寒取暖渐渐向舒适、时尚和智能化发展,因此,越来越多的研究人员在考虑如何在保持纺织品原有功能的基础上增加一些其他的功能,比如赋予纺织品以单向导湿的功能,可以使得在皮肤上分泌的汗液能够快速的导向织物的最外层,然后挥发到空气中,并且外部的水分子不会渗透到织物内部,保持服装在穿着时候的舒适感。目前制备单向导湿织物的手段有对纤维进行物理化学改性、设计织物的结构、后整理等方法。而使用物理化学方法对纤维改性得到的是纯化学纤维织物,使得面料的价格昂贵,并不适合日常的服用。目前对单向导湿织物后整理的研究主要集中在对织物的两面进行亲疏水整理,使得织物两面形成吸湿差异,但是这种方法得到的织物,其外层吸水性能和耐久性不佳,因此应用较少。而目前有一种新颖的后整理方法,可以通过等离子体处理对纤维表面进行改性,并且对纤维的内部不会造成损伤,能够极大程度的保留织物原有的机械性能。但是要想进行工业化生产,还需要一定的时间。
另一方面,随着科技水平的不断发展,人类有可能面临更加严酷的自然环境,比如太空探索、极地考察等,而且在工业生产、社会生活及军事反恐等活动中也有可能面临残酷的生存条件,因此需要服装能够具有很好的隔热调温能力。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种工艺简单、成本低、生产周期短的方法,制备单向导湿功能和优异的隔热调温性能的织物,以克服现有技术中的不足。
为实现前述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案包括:
本发明实施例提供了一种单向导湿隔热智能织物的制备方法,其包括:
(1)将疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、调温胶囊与高分子熔体混合均匀,形成混合纺丝液;
(2)采用熔融纺丝法,将所述混合纺丝液进行纺丝,得到疏水性纤维;
(3)将步骤(2)所获疏水性纤维与亲水性纤维混纺,得到疏水层织物;
(4)将步骤(3)所获疏水层织物与亲水层织物复合,获得具有双层结构的单向导湿隔热智能织物。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中所述疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的尺寸在20um以下,比表面积为200~1300m2/g,热导率为0.012~0.040W/mK,与水的接触角为120~160°。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中所述调温胶囊包括作为芯材的正十八烷,以及作为壁材的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
进一步地,所述调温胶囊的尺寸为0.5~10μm,相变焓为100~180J/g,相变温度为25~35℃。
在一些实施例中,步骤(1)中所述高分子熔体的材质包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚氯乙烯等中的任意一种或两种以上的组合。
在一些实施例中,步骤(2)中所述熔融纺丝法采用的工艺条件包括:纺丝速度为800~5000m/min,纺丝温度为230~320℃,卷绕速度为500~5000m/min,拉伸倍数为0.5~5倍。
本发明实施例还提供了由前述方法制备的单向导湿隔热智能织物,其热导率小于0.05W/mK,相变焓为10~80J/g,且所述单向导湿隔热智能织物具有单向导湿和隔热保温功能。
进一步地,所述单向导湿隔热智能织物具有使水从疏水层织物一侧渗透至亲水层织物一侧、而无法从亲水层织物一侧渗透至疏水层织物一侧的功能。
进一步地,相比于单纯的亲水层织物,所述单向导湿隔热智能织物的隔热性能提高1~5倍。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点至少在于:
1)本发明实施例提供的单向导湿隔热智能织物中疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的加入,不仅提高了织物的隔热性能,隔热性能可以提高1-5倍,进一步赋予了织物的疏水性,并且不影响纺丝;
2)本发明实施例提供的单向导湿隔热智能织物中调温胶囊的加入可以赋予织物调温的功能,提高了织物在服用时的舒适性;
3)本发明实施例提供的单向导湿隔热智能织物中同时加入疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒和调温胶囊之后,得到的织物的保温性更好,并且可以使调温胶囊中的相变材料的储能释放时间更长;
4)本发明制备得到的单向导湿隔热智能织物具有低热导率(小于0.05W/mK),相变调温功能(相变焓10-80J/g)和单向导湿功能,随外界条件发生变化(人体产生汗液)而自动做出响应(将汗液从皮肤排至外部环境中),并且外部环境中的水分不能通过织物接触皮肤,其相变调温功能体现在可以调节织物的温度,维持织物温度恒定在人体舒适温度范围内,减少人体热量散失,提高人体在穿着时的舒适感;
5)本发明实施例提供的单向导湿隔热智能织物的制备工艺简单,制备得到的单向导湿隔热智能织物的耐水洗性也非常好。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一典型实施例中一种单向导湿超隔热智能织物的制备路线示意图;
图2是本发明实施例1中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图3是本发明实施例1中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图4是本发明实施例2中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图5是本发明实施例2中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图6是本发明实施例3中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图7是本发明实施例3中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图8是本发明实施例4中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图9是本发明实施例4中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图10是本发明实施例5中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图11是本发明实施例5中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图12是本发明实施例6中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图13是本发明实施例6中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图14是本发明实施例7中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图15是本发明实施例7中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图;
图16是本发明实施例8中所获织物疏水层的接触角照片;
图17是本发明实施例8中所获疏水性纤维的扫描电子显微镜图。
具体实施方式
鉴于现有技术的不足,本案发明人经长期研究和大量实践,得以提出本发明的技术方案。如下将对该技术方案、其实施过程及原理等作进一步的解释说明。
本发明实施例的一个方面提供的一种单向导湿隔热智能织物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)将疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、调温胶囊与高分子熔体混合均匀,形成混合纺丝液;
(2)采用熔融纺丝法,将所述混合纺丝液进行纺丝,得到疏水性纤维;
(3)将步骤(2)所获疏水性纤维与亲水性纤维混纺,得到疏水层织物;
(4)将步骤(3)所获疏水层织物与亲水层织物复合,获得具有双层结构的单向导湿隔热智能织物。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(1)中所述高分子熔体的材质包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚氯乙烯等中的任意一种或两种以上的组合,但不限于此。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(1)中所采用的疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的尺寸在20um以下,比表面积为200~1300m2/g,热导率为0.012~0.040W/mK,与水的接触角为120~160°。本发明的单向导湿隔热智能织物中疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的加入,不仅提高了织物的隔热性能,隔热性能可以提高1-5倍,进一步赋予了织物的疏水性,并且不影响纺丝。
在较为优选的实施方案中,所述疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒与高分子熔体的质量比为0.1~20∶100,亦即,换一种角度讲,所使用的疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的含量占高分子熔体质量的0.1~20%。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(1)中所述调温胶囊包括作为芯材的正十八烷,以及作为壁材的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,即正十八烷/PMMA。
进一步地,所述调温胶囊的尺寸为0.5~10μm,相变焓为100~180J/g,相变温度为25~35℃。本发明的单向导湿隔热智能织物中调温胶囊的加入可以赋予织物调温的功能,提高了织物在服用时的舒适性。
在较为优选的实施方案中,所述调温胶囊与高分子熔体的质量比为5~20∶100,亦即,换一种角度讲,所使用的调温胶囊占高分子熔体质量的5~20%。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(2)中所述熔融纺丝法采用的工艺条件包括:纺丝速度为800~5000m/min,纺丝温度为230~320℃,卷绕速度为500~5000m/min,拉伸倍数为0.5~5倍。
进一步地,步骤(2)得到的所述疏水性纤维的纤度为0.25~20特。
进一步地,步骤(2)得到的所述疏水性纤维与水的接触角为80~130°。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(3)中疏水层织物所使用的亲水性纤维的纤度为0.25~20特,其中所述亲水性纤维可包括棉纤维、麻纤维、毛纤维等天然纤维中的任意一种或两种以上的组合,但不限于此。
进一步地,所述疏水层织物中亲水性纤维的含量为5~20%,亦即,换一种角度讲,所述亲水性纤维占疏水层织物的比例为5~20%。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(3)中所述疏水层织物的厚度为0.025~0.4mm,并且所述疏水层织物的组织结构包括平纹、缎纹或斜纹等。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(3)中所述疏水层织物与水的接触角为60~110°。
在较为优选的实施方案中,步骤(4)中所述的亲水层织物的厚度为0.025~0.4mm。
进一步地,所述亲水层织物的材质包括棉、麻、毛、丝等天然织物中的任意一种或两种以上的组合,但不限于此。
本发明实施例提供的单向导湿隔热智能织物的制备工艺简单,制备得到的单向导湿隔热智能织物的耐水洗性也非常好。
本发明实施例的另一个方面还提供了由前述方法制备的单向导湿隔热智能织物,其热导率小于0.05W/mK,相变焓为10~80J/g,且所述单向导湿隔热智能织物具有单向导湿和隔热保温功能。
进一步地,所述单向导湿隔热智能织物具有使水从疏水层织物一侧渗透至亲水层织物一侧、而无法从亲水层织物一侧渗透至疏水层织物一侧的功能。
进一步地,相比于单纯的亲水层织物,所述单向导湿隔热智能织物的隔热性能提高1~5倍。
本发明制备的单向导湿隔热智能织物,其单向导湿的功能体现在于液态水可以从疏水层织物的一侧渗透到亲水层织物另一侧,反向则无法渗透;其隔热特征相比于基体织物,在添加了气凝胶颗粒后,隔热性能可以提高1~5倍;其相变调温功能体现在可以调节织物的温度,维持织物温度在人体舒适温度范围内,相变焓为10~80J/g。
综上所述,本发明所获单向导湿隔热智能织物具有低热导率(小于0.05W/mK),相变调温功能(相变焓10-80J/g)和单向导湿功能,随外界条件发生变化(人体产生汗液)而自动做出响应(将汗液从皮肤排至外部环境中),并且外部环境中的水分不能通过织物接触皮肤,同时可以维持温度恒定,减少人体热量散失,提高人体在穿着时的舒适感。
下面结合若干优选实施例及附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步详细说明,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。需要指出的是,以下所述实施例旨在便于对本发明的理解,而对其不起任何限定作用。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。
实施例1
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、2份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与10份聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为290℃,纺丝速度为1200m/min,卷绕速度为800m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为3.5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以6∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为平纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与棉织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图2,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图3,其他参数见于表1。
实施例2
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、1份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与8份聚酰胺6熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为282℃,纺丝速度为800m/min,卷绕速度为500m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为1.5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和苎麻纤维以20∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为缎纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与棉织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图4,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图5,其他参数见于表1。
实施例3
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、1.5份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与11份的聚氯乙烯熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为230℃,纺丝速度为2100m/min,卷绕速度为950m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和亚麻纤维以7∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为斜纹组织。
(4)复合∶将得到的疏水层织物与蚕丝织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图6,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图7,其他参数见于表1。
实施例4
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将0.8份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、160份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与800份的聚丙烯熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为250℃,纺丝速度为5000m/min,卷绕速度为5000m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为3.5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以10∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为斜纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与苎麻织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图8,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图9,其他参数见于表1。
实施例5
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将2.4份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、1.5份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与12份的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为290℃,纺丝速度为3000m/min,卷绕速度为800m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为0.5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以13∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为缎纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与棉织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图10,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图11,其他参数见于表1。
实施例6
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将12份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、5份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与75份的聚酰胺6熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为270℃,纺丝速度为2500m/min,卷绕速度为1000m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为2.4倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以4∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为罗纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与亚麻织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图12,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图13,其他参数见于表1。
实施例7
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、1.5份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与8份的聚丙烯腈熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为320℃,纺丝速度为2500m/min,卷绕速度为1000m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为2.4倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以13∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为罗纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与羊毛织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图14,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图15,其他参数见于表1。
实施例8
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、0.4份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与8份的聚酰胺6熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为270℃,纺丝速度为2500m/min,卷绕速度为1000m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为2.4倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和蚕丝纤维以15∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为罗纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与亚麻织物复合成面料。该面料疏水层的接触角照片请参阅图16,疏水性复合纤维的扫描电镜照片参阅图17,其他参数见于表1。
本案发明人对实施例1-8获得的单向导湿隔热智能织物的结构和性能参数进行测试,测试结果如表1所示:
表1实施例1-8中所获单向导湿隔热智能织物的结构和性能参数
实施例 | 疏水层接触角/度 | 热导率/W·mK<sup>-1</sup> | 相变焓/J·g<sup>-1</sup> | 热重分析/% |
1 | 89.5 | 0.045 | 68.7 | 3.5 |
2 | 101.2 | 0.032 | 48.6 | 2.5 |
3 | 87.6 | 0.043 | 51.2 | 2.3 |
4 | 80.6 | 0.05 | 80 | 4.5 |
5 | 90.1 | 0.047 | 46.8 | 2.3 |
6 | 130 | 0.026 | 24.2 | 1.2 |
7 | 113.2 | 0.035 | 56.2 | 3.1 |
8 | 99.5 | 0.041 | 39.2 | 2.5 |
对照例1
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份正十八烷/PMMA调温胶囊与5份聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为290℃,纺丝速度为1200m/min,卷绕速度为800m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为3.5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以6∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为平纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与棉织物复合成面料。
所得面料的接触角36.5度,热导率为0.053W·mK-1,相变焓为68.1J·g-1,高温下失重为3.6%,经测试不具备单向导湿的能力。
对照例2
(1)混合纺丝液的制备:将1份疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒与5份聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯熔体混合均匀;
(2)纺丝:采用直接纺丝法将聚合釜中的熔体用纺丝机进行纺丝,纺丝温度为290℃,纺丝速度为1200m/min,卷绕速度为800m/min,后加工拉伸倍数为3.5倍。
(3)混纺:将纺成的疏水性纤维和棉纤维以6∶1的比例采用织机编织成疏水层织物,所得疏水层织物的组织结构为平纹组织。
(4)复合:将得到的疏水层织物与棉织物复合成面料。
所得面料的接触角89.6度,热导率为0.036W·mK-1,相变焓为0J·g-1,高温下失重为0%,经测试所制备的织物不具备调温的功能。
对照例3
利用现有的等离子体技术对亲水性纤维进行处理,可以使亲水性纤维的接触角从10°增加到110°左右,但是该方法只能使纤维具有疏水性,不能提供隔热保温和调温的功能,并且使用等离子体处理过程时间长、价格昂贵,并不适合工业化生产。
此外,本案发明人还参照实施例1-实施例8的方式,以本说明书中列出的其他原料和条件进行了实验,并同样制得了具有低热导率(小于0.05W/mK),相变调温功能(相变焓10-80J/g)和单向导湿功能的单向导湿隔热智能织物。
本发明的各方面、实施例、特征及实例应视为在所有方面为说明性的且不打算限制本发明,本发明的范围仅由权利要求书界定。在不背离所主张的本发明的精神及范围的情况下,所属领域的技术人员将明了其它实施例、修改及使用。
在本发明案中标题及章节的使用不意味着限制本发明;每一章节可应用于本发明的任何方面、实施例或特征。
在本发明案通篇中,在将组合物描述为具有、包含或包括特定组份之处或者在将过程描述为具有、包含或包括特定过程步骤之处,预期本发明教示的组合物也基本上由所叙述组份组成或由所叙述组份组成,且本发明教示的过程也基本上由所叙述过程步骤组成或由所叙述过程步骤组组成。
应理解,各步骤的次序或执行特定动作的次序并非十分重要,只要本发明教示保持可操作即可。此外,可同时进行两个或两个以上步骤或动作。
尽管已参考说明性实施例描述了本发明,但所属领域的技术人员将理解,在不背离本发明的精神及范围的情况下可做出各种其它改变、省略及/或添加且可用实质等效物替代所述实施例的元件。另外,可在不背离本发明的范围的情况下做出许多修改以使特定情形或材料适应本发明的教示。因此,本文并不打算将本发明限制于用于执行本发明的所揭示特定实施例,而是打算使本发明将包含归属于所附权利要求书的范围内的所有实施例。
Claims (10)
1.一种单向导湿隔热智能织物的制备方法,其特征在于包括:
(1)将疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒、调温胶囊与高分子熔体混合均匀,形成混合纺丝液;
(2)采用熔融纺丝法,将所述混合纺丝液进行纺丝,得到疏水性纤维;
(3)将步骤(2)所获疏水性纤维与亲水性纤维混纺,得到疏水层织物;
(4)将步骤(3)所获疏水层织物与亲水层织物复合,获得具有双层结构的单向导湿隔热智能织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的尺寸在20um以下,比表面积为200~1300m2/g,热导率为0.012~0.040W/mK,与水的接触角为120~160°;和/或,所述疏水氧化硅气凝胶颗粒与高分子熔体的质量比为0.1~20∶100。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述调温胶囊包括作为芯材的正十八烷,以及作为壁材的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯;和/或,所述调温胶囊的尺寸为0.5~10μm,相变焓为100~180J/g,相变温度为25~35℃;和/或,所述调温胶囊与高分子熔体的质量比为5~20∶100。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述高分子熔体的材质包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚氯乙烯中的任意一种或两种以上的组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述熔融纺丝法采用的工艺条件包括:纺丝速度为800~5000m/min,纺丝温度为230~320℃,卷绕速度为500~5000m/min,拉伸倍数为0.5~5倍;优选的,所述疏水性纤维的纤度为0.25~20特;优选的,所述疏水性纤维与水的接触角为80~130°。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述亲水性纤维的纤度为0.25~20特,和/或,所述亲水性纤维包括棉纤维、麻纤维、毛纤维中的任意一种或两种以上的组合;和/或,所述疏水层织物中亲水性纤维的含量为5~20%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述疏水层织物的厚度为0.025~0.4mm,并且所述疏水层织物的组织结构包括平纹、缎纹或斜纹;和/或,所述疏水层织物与水的接触角为60~110°。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述亲水层织物的厚度为0.025~0.4mm;和/或,所述亲水层织物的材质包括棉、麻、毛、丝中的任意一种或两种以上的组合。
9.由权利要求1-8中任一项所述方法制备的单向导湿隔热智能织物,其热导率小于0.05W/mK,相变焓为10~80J/g,且所述单向导湿隔热智能织物具有单向导湿和隔热保温功能。
10.根据权利要求9所述的单向导湿隔热智能织物,其特征在于:所述单向导湿隔热智能织物具有使水从疏水层织物一侧渗透至亲水层织物一侧、而无法从亲水层织物一侧渗透至疏水层织物一侧的功能;和/或,相比于单纯的亲水层织物,所述单向导湿隔热智能织物的隔热性能提高1~5倍。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011367184.7A CN114559713A (zh) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | 一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011367184.7A CN114559713A (zh) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | 一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114559713A true CN114559713A (zh) | 2022-05-31 |
Family
ID=81711115
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202011367184.7A Pending CN114559713A (zh) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | 一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114559713A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115071232A (zh) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-20 | 福建省谷鸿新材料科技有限公司 | 一种智能单向导湿面料及其制备方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101597815A (zh) * | 2009-06-29 | 2009-12-09 | 北京服装学院 | 一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的制备方法 |
CN106521974A (zh) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | 一种基于微胶囊和气凝胶的控温隔热降温智能户外面料 |
CN107059251A (zh) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-18 | 东华大学 | 具有润湿梯度的单向导湿纳米纤维多层复合膜的制备方法 |
CN108239809A (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 北京赛特超润界面科技有限公司 | 一种具有螺旋状排布的亲水疏水复合纤维及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110356062A (zh) * | 2019-08-11 | 2019-10-22 | 石柳青 | 一种双层复合单向导湿抗菌面料 |
CN111574746A (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-25 | 吴江市聚杰微纤无尘洁净纺织品有限公司 | PEG-SiO2气凝胶相变复合材料、空调纤维、空调织物及制备方法 |
CN111850729A (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 吴炅 | 一种薄暖型气凝胶纺织纤维面料及其制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202011367184.7A patent/CN114559713A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101597815A (zh) * | 2009-06-29 | 2009-12-09 | 北京服装学院 | 一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的制备方法 |
CN106521974A (zh) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | 一种基于微胶囊和气凝胶的控温隔热降温智能户外面料 |
CN108239809A (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 北京赛特超润界面科技有限公司 | 一种具有螺旋状排布的亲水疏水复合纤维及其制备方法和应用 |
CN107059251A (zh) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-18 | 东华大学 | 具有润湿梯度的单向导湿纳米纤维多层复合膜的制备方法 |
CN110356062A (zh) * | 2019-08-11 | 2019-10-22 | 石柳青 | 一种双层复合单向导湿抗菌面料 |
CN111574746A (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-25 | 吴江市聚杰微纤无尘洁净纺织品有限公司 | PEG-SiO2气凝胶相变复合材料、空调纤维、空调织物及制备方法 |
CN111850729A (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 吴炅 | 一种薄暖型气凝胶纺织纤维面料及其制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115071232A (zh) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-20 | 福建省谷鸿新材料科技有限公司 | 一种智能单向导湿面料及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Babar et al. | Breathable and colorful cellulose acetate-based nanofibrous membranes for directional moisture transport | |
Yang et al. | incorporation of organic PCMs into textiles | |
CN109516763A (zh) | 一种纤维素纤维/SiO2复合气凝胶材料及其制备和应用 | |
CN110861363B (zh) | 一种高强度tpu复合保暖面料及其制备方法 | |
CN211379766U (zh) | 一种婴童用排汗恒温面料 | |
CN101696517B (zh) | 一种吸附转移纤维的制造方法 | |
CN109914007A (zh) | 一种单向导湿凉感面料的制备方法 | |
CN111041636B (zh) | 智能热湿驱动包芯纱及吸湿快干面料 | |
CN114559713A (zh) | 一种单向导湿隔热智能织物及其制备方法 | |
CN110528158A (zh) | 一种基于纳米凝胶处理的长效抗污面料及其制备方法 | |
CN110373917A (zh) | 一种防水透气型面料及其制备方法 | |
Du et al. | Multifunctional woven fabric for integrated solar-driven water generation and personal thermal management | |
CN211394833U (zh) | 两面热湿传递特性差异的功能面料 | |
CN216860877U (zh) | 一种保暖牛仔面料 | |
CN116572609A (zh) | 一种单向吸湿排汗的双面保暖织物及其应用 | |
CN110171173B (zh) | 一种全季候功能面料及其制备方法 | |
Hu et al. | Shape memory polymers in textiles | |
CN112373136A (zh) | 空气层面料及使用该面料的夹克 | |
CN115195221A (zh) | 一种光热自泵浦织物及其制备方法 | |
CN206953710U (zh) | 一种多功能的记忆面料 | |
CN206913807U (zh) | 具备良好吸湿功能的面料及服装 | |
CN111823672A (zh) | 一种具有清凉冰爽功能的毛巾及其制备方法 | |
CN218986003U (zh) | 一种抗菌吸湿发热涤锦复合丝 | |
JPH0197272A (ja) | 透湿防水シート | |
Liu et al. | Unidirectional wettability performances of weft-knitted fabric based on yarn structure |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |