CN114557473A - Stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing and construction and use method thereof - Google Patents
Stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing and construction and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing and a construction and use method thereof. This system develops the regulation and control work that maintenance ambient temperature pertinence was increaseed and is kept through building six sealed stacks of double-deck cigarette and supporting environment regulation and control equipment and pipe network, can effectively solve the tobacco leaf that raw materials for production used and accelerate the realistic demand scheduling problem of alcoholization maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco mellowing acceleration regulation and control, in particular to a stacking double-layer closed curing system for accelerating tobacco mellowing and a construction and use method thereof.
Background
Along with the dynamic change of the current cigarette brand production, the contradiction that the raw materials for producing after alcoholization in a warehouse can not meet the use requirements of production materials is increasingly prominent.
At present, the logistics carrying mode of the stored tobacco leaves mainly adopts a manual operation machine to clamp and hold the tobacco boxes, and the tobacco boxes are stacked at corresponding stacking positions. At the beginning of the new warehouse, the positioning centralized placement management can be carried out according to the alcoholization use requirements of different tobacco leaves. With the continuous production and use of tobacco leaves, the warehouse only has limited empty goods positions for the storage and maintenance of the tobacco leaves which are subsequently called.
Limited by the practical characteristics of the storage environment, the alcoholization and maintenance of the warehoused tobacco leaves are basically in a non-functional storage mode, the warehousing storage and maintenance of the tobacco leaves only consider that the storage positions of the warehouses meet the requirement of storage, the basic quality guarantee of the tobacco leaf storage is ensured, and insect damage and mildew of the tobacco leaves during the storage period can be effectively controlled. The same storage environment often has the situation that new smoke and old smoke are mixed. Tobacco leaves based on different curing requirements are frequently over-alcoholized in order to ensure the alcoholization process of new tobacco leaves and the economic and applicable values of old tobacco leaves are greatly influenced in a mixed state; or in order to avoid over-alcoholization of old tobacco, the natural alcoholization process of new tobacco is difficult to effectively guarantee, and the orderly guarantee of the use of the tobacco in the subsequent production is influenced.
The main factors influencing the alcoholization of the tobacco leaves include the temperature and the relative humidity of the storage environment, the moisture content of the tobacco leaves, the oxygen of the storage environment and the like. From the perspective of safe storage of tobacco leaves, the relative humidity of the environment and the moisture content of the tobacco leaves are basically consistent with the requirements of tobacco leaf maintenance in different alcoholization stages, and the whole-warehouse environment can be regulated and controlled. The oxygen concentration control technology is mostly applied to the quality guarantee of tobacco leaves which are subjected to controlled atmosphere disinsection and alcoholization in the industry, and is generally carried out by adopting a small-environment stack sealing regulation technology. The environmental temperature needs to be effectively regulated or maintained aiming at the requirement of accelerating the alcoholization of the tobacco leaves, and the small environment for maintaining the tobacco stacks needs to be regulated and controlled pertinently when different alcoholization process management needs exist for storing the tobacco leaves among the bins.
The tobacco mellowing time which is continuously used in the industry at present is proved to have different conditions. In a common way, the tobacco leaves are generally considered to basically complete alcoholization after a storage and maintenance period of 1.5 to 3 years is generally required in a storage link, and can be used for production and use. Naturally alcoholized tobacco leaves are generally referred to as an alcoholization year in summer. Under the climatic condition of the Guangdong region, the stored tobacco leaves generally reach a relatively ideal alcoholization effect in 1 summer (1 year); under the climate condition of Guizhou region, 3 summers (3 years) are generally needed to achieve a relatively ideal alcoholization effect; under the climatic conditions of the Hubei region, 2-3 summers (2-3 years) are generally needed to achieve the ideal alcoholization effect.
Scientists invented in the 50 th century and widely popularized and applied in eastern Europe and China, namely a tobacco leaf fermentation method, wherein artificial fermentation mainly achieves the effect of shortening the alcoholization period of tobacco leaves by increasing the environmental temperature, when the environmental temperature is ensured to reach 53 ℃, the tobacco leaves can finish the basic requirement of alcoholization in about 15 days, and the alcoholization improvement effect of the tobacco leaves accelerated by the temperature control method is not as good as natural alcoholization as the temperature is too high. Because the tobacco leaf formula of the cigarette is changed frequently, the quality and style of the mode cannot be kept stable, and the mode is increasingly used in the field of tobacco storage at present.
The tobacco raw materials based on natural alcoholization cannot meet the rapid requirement of cigarette production in time, the conventional artificial fermentation cannot ensure the stable quality change of the tobacco, and the natural alcoholization or artificial fermentation technology is simply adopted to hardly meet the practical requirement of accelerating alcoholization of the tobacco.
At present, the mechanical regulation and control maintenance work is carried out by constructing the maintenance unit by stack separation and sealing, a better basic idea of single-stack environment regulation and control is provided for accelerating alcoholization of tobacco leaves, but further research and exploration are still needed if the requirement of individualized rise and maintenance of the maintenance environment temperature is met.
For example, an apparatus for mechanically dehumidifying and nitrogen-charging a stack of tobacco leaves, having application number [ CN202020707459.6 ], comprises: the device comprises a fan, a surface air cooler, a dehumidification molecular sieve, a nitrogen-making molecular sieve, a first air pipe, a second air pipe, a third air pipe, a fourth air pipe, a fifth air pipe and a sixth air pipe, wherein one end of the first air pipe is communicated with a first ventilation side of a tobacco leaf tent, and the other end of the first air pipe is communicated with a first air port of the fan; one end of the second air pipe is communicated with a second air port of the fan; adopt the dehumidification molecular sieve to reduce the humidity in the tobacco leaf curtain among the device, adopt nitrogen making molecular sieve to increase the nitrogen content in the tobacco leaf curtain to the air current passes through earlier the surface cooler reduces the temperature of air current in advance, and the air current passes through the quick dehumidification of dehumidification molecular sieve afterwards, and when the relative humidity of air was lower, the user can with the surface cooler is shut down, only passes through the dehumidification molecular sieve reduces the humidity in the tobacco leaf curtain, reduces the energy consumption.
The curing of the tobacco stack by the above-mentioned device may result in a temperature that is too high and the alcoholization-improving effect is not as good as natural alcoholization as a whole. And the change of the environmental temperature has great influence on the tobacco leaf stack, so that the maintenance environment of the tobacco leaf stack is unstable, and the maintenance effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a stacking double-layer closed curing system for accelerating alcoholization of tobacco leaves and a construction and use method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: on one hand, the invention provides a stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing, which comprises a tobacco stacking position for storing tobacco, a double-layer maintenance unit arranged on the outer side of the tobacco stacking position, and environment regulation and control equipment which is connected with the double-layer maintenance unit through a pipeline and is used for controlling temperature and humidity, wherein the double-layer maintenance unit comprises an inner layer curtain and an outer layer curtain, the inner layer curtain is hermetically arranged on the outer side of the tobacco stacking position, and the outer layer curtain is hermetically arranged on the outer side of the inner layer curtain.
In the invention, the functional components of the environment regulation and control equipment include but are not limited to heating, dehumidifying, ventilating and the like. According to the actual requirement of accelerating alcoholization and maintenance of the tobacco leaves, the temperature-raising gas is blown into the tobacco leaf stack positions which are hermetically stored through a pipe network by utilizing the temperature-raising regulation function of the environment regulation and control equipment, so that the environment of the tobacco leaves in the stack is stably raised. The temperature of the smoke box in the stack is generally higher than the temperature of the conventional non-regulated smoke box by more than 0.5 ℃. The environmental regulation between the inner layer tent and the outer layer tent is mainly characterized in that the temperature of the inner layer tent is regulated and buffered, the inner layer tent can be kept to be higher than the environmental synchronous temperature between the warehouses, and the temperature of the smoke box is not lower than 1 ℃ based on the guarantee compared with the temperature of the naturally alcoholized tobacco box in the same period.
By adopting a method for controlling and adjusting the sealed stacks, the stacks in any environment can keep stable and balanced temperature change through stable adjustment and promotion of the temperature based on slow temperature change of natural alcoholization. For example, the environmental temperature of the lower floor in the warehouse can also reach the temperature level of the higher floor, or the highest box temperature of the tobacco leaves naturally alcoholized is properly increased, and the effect of naturally alcoholizing the tobacco leaves at the higher temperature of the high floor is achieved by adopting a gentle temperature raising and preserving means through the double-layer curing unit.
Preferably, the environment regulation and control equipment comprises a regulation and control equipment, a left end and a blast pipe, wherein the regulation and control equipment is used for air supply and air draft, the left end of the regulation and control equipment is connected with an air outlet of the double-layer maintenance unit, the left end of the blast pipe is connected with an air draft pipe connected with an air inlet of the regulation and control equipment, the right end of the blast pipe is connected with a first end of a blast three-way pipe, a second end of the blast three-way pipe is communicated with the outer curtain, a third end of the blast three-way pipe penetrates through the outer curtain and the inner curtain, the right end of the air draft pipe is connected with a first end of an air draft three-way pipe, a second end of the air draft three-way pipe is communicated with the outer curtain, and a third end of the air draft three-way pipe penetrates through the outer curtain and the inner curtain.
The regulation and control equipment is integrated equipment, has the functions of temperature rise, dehumidification, ventilation and the like, can be selectively connected with fumigation tail gas filtering and purifying equipment or a nitrogen making machine, and is connected with the double-layer maintenance unit through a blast pipe and a draft pipe to transmit functional gas into the outer layer tent and the inner layer tent.
Preferably, the second end of the air blowing three-way pipe is communicated with the left side wall of the outer layer tent, the third end of the air blowing three-way pipe penetrates through the outer layer tent and is communicated with the left side wall of the inner layer tent, the second end of the air draft three-way pipe is communicated with the right side wall of the outer layer tent, and the third end of the air draft three-way pipe penetrates through the outer layer tent and is communicated with the right side wall of the inner layer tent.
Preferably, the blast pipe is provided with a first valve.
Preferably, the exhaust pipe is provided with a second valve.
The blowing three-way pipe can be provided with switching valves at the second end and the third end of the blowing three-way pipe, so that the direction of gas in the blowing three-way pipe can be controlled. Similarly, the three-way exhaust pipe can be provided with a switch valve at the second end and the third end, so that the direction of gas in the three-way exhaust pipe can be controlled. And the conditions such as temperature or humidity in the double-layer maintenance unit can be conveniently controlled in the later period.
Preferably, the tobacco leaf stacking position further comprises an inner bottom film arranged at the bottom of the tobacco leaf stacking position.
Preferably, the film also comprises an outer basement membrane arranged at the bottom of the inner basement membrane.
Preferably, the composite material further comprises a heat-insulating layer arranged between the inner basement membrane and the outer basement membrane.
The inner basement membrane, the outer basement membrane and the heat preservation layer jointly form a bottom surface sealing layer of the tobacco leaf stacking position, and a double-layer six-face sealing system is formed jointly by matching with the double-layer maintenance unit. The regulation and control work of pertinently increasing and maintaining the curing environment temperature is conveniently carried out in the later stage, and the practical problem of accelerating alcoholization curing of the tobacco used as a raw material for production is solved.
In the invention, the skirt part near the ground around the inner tent and the inner basement membrane are sealed, and the sealing groove pipe, the film of the inner tent and the sealing rubber pipe are used for embedding and sealing or sandbag pressing and adhesive tape bonding are used for bonding. And similarly, sealing and fixing the skirt edge part close to the ground around the outer tent and the inner basement membrane.
In the invention, the inner layer curtain and the outer layer curtain are made of plastic films, nylon composite films or canvas composite films with better flexibility.
Preferably, each side of the outer basement membrane on the basis of the stacking position line of the tobacco stacking position is pushed outwards by 5-7cm, each side of the inner basement membrane on the basis of the stacking position line of the tobacco stacking position is pushed outwards by 2-4cm, and each side of the heat insulation layer on the basis of the stacking position line of the tobacco stacking position is pushed inwards by 2 cm.
On the other hand, the invention provides a construction and use method of a stacking double-layer closed curing system for accelerating tobacco mellowing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a tobacco leaf stacking double-layer closed curing system
The double-layer airtight maintenance system for the tobacco stacking comprises a tobacco stacking position for storing tobacco, a double-layer maintenance unit for sealing the tobacco stacking position, and an environment regulation and control unit connected with the double-layer maintenance unit through a pipeline, and is constructed according to the following method:
1) constructing a double-layer maintenance unit with an inner airflow exchange control channel and an outer airflow exchange control channel in a tobacco warehouse:
stacking tobacco leaves on a tobacco leaf warehouse floor to form a tobacco leaf stack position, laying an outer layer bottom membrane, a heat insulation layer and an inner layer bottom membrane on the ground in sequence based on the size of the tobacco leaf stack position, placing the tobacco leaf stack position above the inner layer bottom membrane, then an inner tent for covering the tobacco leaf stack is manufactured, the inner tent is covered on the tobacco leaf stack position, the part of the skirt edge of the inner tent which covers the periphery of the tobacco leaf stack position on the ground is sealed and fixed with the floor of the warehouse, the stacked tobacco leaf stack position is wrapped in the space sealed by the inner tent, then, an outer tent for covering the inner tent is manufactured, the outer tent is covered on the inner tent, the part, covered on the ground, of the skirt edge of the outer tent on the periphery of the inner tent is sealed and fixed with the floor of the warehouse, the inner tent is wrapped in the space sealed by the outer tent, and thus the inner tent and the outer tent jointly form a double-layer maintenance unit;
2) set up a set of control duct that can realize inside and outside air current exchange of double-deck maintenance unit respectively in tobacco pile stack position both sides, then pass through the pipe connection with double-deck maintenance unit and environment regulation and control unit:
the environment regulation and control unit comprises regulation and control equipment, the regulation and control equipment is a combination of more than two of an exhaust fan, a blower, a dehumidifier, a humidifier, a heater and a condenser, and the control pipeline comprises a blast pipe, an exhaust pipe, a blast three-way pipe and an exhaust three-way pipe;
connecting an air outlet of the regulating and controlling equipment with a blast pipe, connecting an air inlet with an exhaust pipe, connecting the blast pipe with a first end of a blast three-way pipe, connecting the exhaust pipe with the first end of the exhaust three-way pipe, then communicating a second end of the blast three-way pipe with an outer layer curtain, and communicating a third end of the blast three-way pipe with an inner layer curtain after penetrating through the outer layer curtain; the second end of the three-way exhaust pipe is communicated with the outer layer tent, the third end of the three-way exhaust pipe penetrates through the outer layer tent to be communicated with the inner layer tent, and after the connection is finished, the environment regulation and control unit is directly started and a control valve on a pipeline is opened, so that the environment regulation and control of the tobacco stacking position can be realized;
s2 operation and control of tobacco leaf stacking double-layer closed curing system
When the environmental temperature is lower than the ideal temperature of alcoholization maintenance, according to the requirement of accelerating alcoholization maintenance of tobacco leaves, blowing heating gas into the tobacco leaf stack position in the sealed double-layer maintenance unit by using a regulating device through a pipeline, regulating and controlling for not less than 2 hours each time, so that the environment of the tobacco leaves in the stack is stably heated, and the temperature of a smoke box in the stack is generally higher than the temperature of a conventional non-regulated smoke box by more than 0.5 ℃;
when the environmental temperature is lower than the ideal temperature of alcoholization maintenance, according to the requirement of accelerating alcoholization maintenance of tobacco leaves, heating gas is blown into the tobacco leaf stack position in the sealed double-layer maintenance unit by utilizing a regulating device through a pipeline, the temperature of the environment where the tobacco leaves in the stack are located is stably raised by regulating for not less than 2 hours each time, and the temperature of a smoke box in the stack is generally higher than the temperature of a conventional non-regulated smoke box by more than 0.5 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing, which is provided by the invention, adopts a method for controlling and adjusting the sealed stacking, develops the regulation and control work of pertinently increasing and maintaining the maintenance environment temperature by constructing the double-layer six-face sealed tobacco stack and the matched environment regulation and control equipment and pipe network, and can effectively solve the problems of the actual demand of accelerating mellowing and maintenance of tobacco used as a production raw material and the like. Based on the slow temperature change of natural alcoholization, the device is not limited by objective factors of floors and stack positions by the stable adjustment and promotion of temperature, and can realize targeted tobacco accelerated alcoholization at any stack position among warehouses. The environment temperature of a lower floor can reach the temperature level of a higher floor, or the highest box temperature of the tobacco naturally alcoholized is properly increased, and the effect of naturally alcoholizing the tobacco with higher technology of high floor temperature is achieved by means of gentle temperature rise and heat preservation.
2. According to the stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing, provided by the invention, the regulation and control method of the device has no influence on the maintenance work of other mellowing-function tobacco stacks in the same bin, and the whole environment temperature change in the bin is not influenced.
3. The stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing has the advantages of being simple, scientific and practical, can timely carry out regulation and control work under the condition that the requirement for accelerating mellowing is determined for any tobacco needing accelerating mellowing, and meets the requirement for accelerating mellowing of the tobacco through targeted temperature rise.
4. The stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing, provided by the invention, is different from the whole-warehouse environment temperature rise regulation and control technology, is obviously superior to the whole-warehouse environment regulation and control in the aspect of personalized application, and has the advantages of energy conservation and consumption reduction compared with the whole-warehouse environment temperature rise regulation and control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a stacked double-deck enclosed curing system for accelerating mellowing of tobacco leaves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a double-layered curing unit of the stacking double-layered airtight curing system for accelerating mellowing of tobacco leaves according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a tobacco leaf stacking position; 2. a double-layer maintenance unit; 3. an environment regulation unit; 4. an inner basement membrane; 5. an outer basement membrane; 6. a heat-insulating layer; 201. an inner tent; 202. an outer tent; 301. regulating and controlling equipment; 302. a blast pipe; 303. an exhaust pipe; 304. a blast three-way pipe; 305. an air draft three-way pipe; 306. a first valve; 307. a second valve.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort, and the invention is not limited to this example.
The tobacco leaf stacking double-layer closed curing system used in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components: including the tobacco pile position 1 that is used for depositing the tobacco leaf, still including set up in the double-deck maintenance unit 2 in the tobacco pile position 1 outside, with double-deck maintenance unit 2 passes through the environmental control equipment 3 that is used for controlling temperature humidity of pipe connection, double-deck maintenance unit 2 including sealed set up in the inlayer account 201 in the tobacco pile position 1 outside, sealed set up in the outer account 202 in the inlayer account 2 outside.
Preferably, the environment control device 3 comprises a control device 301 arranged on the left side of the double-layer maintenance unit 2 and used for air supply and air draft, a blast pipe 302 with the left end connected with an air outlet of the control device 301, and an air draft pipe 303 with the left end connected with an air inlet of the control device 301, the right end of the blast pipe 302 is connected with the first end of a blast three-way pipe 304, the second end of the blast three-way pipe 304 is communicated with the outer curtain 202, the third end of the blast three-way pipe 304 penetrates through the outer curtain 202 to be communicated with the inner curtain 201, the right end of the air draft pipe 303 is connected with the first end of an air draft three-way pipe 305, the second end of the air draft three-way pipe 305 is communicated with the outer curtain 202, and the third end of the air draft three-way pipe 305 penetrates through the outer curtain 202 to be communicated with the inner curtain 201.
Preferably, the second end of the blowing three-way pipe 304 is communicated with the left side wall of the outer curtain 202, the third end of the blowing three-way pipe 304 penetrates through the outer curtain 202 to be communicated with the left side wall of the inner curtain 201, the second end of the exhausting three-way pipe 305 is communicated with the right side wall of the outer curtain 202, and the third end of the exhausting three-way pipe 305 penetrates through the outer curtain 202 to be communicated with the right side wall of the inner curtain 201.
Preferably, the blast pipe 302 is provided with a first valve 306.
Preferably, the exhaust pipe 303 is provided with a second valve 307.
Preferably, the tobacco processing device further comprises an inner bottom film 4 arranged at the bottom of the tobacco stacking position 1.
Preferably, the film further comprises an outer bottom film 5 arranged at the bottom of the inner bottom film 4.
Preferably, the solar cell further comprises a heat insulation layer 6 arranged between the inner basement membrane 4 and the outer basement membrane 5.
Preferably, the outer bottom film 5 is pushed outwards by 5cm on the basis of each side of the stacking position line of the tobacco stacking position 1, the inner bottom film 4 is pushed outwards by 2cm on the basis of each side of the stacking position line of the tobacco stacking position 1, and the heat insulation layer 6 is pushed inwards by 2cm on the basis of each side of the stacking position line of the tobacco stacking position 1.
Based on the above structure system, the specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
when pests appear in the double-layer closed maintenance system of the tobacco leaf stack, the pest killing operation is carried out, and the specific method is as the following examples 1-3.
Example 1
According to the technical scheme, after the double-layer closed maintenance system of the tobacco leaf stack is constructed, daily regulation and control and maintenance work are carried out on tobacco leaves, and pests appear in the tobacco leaf stack sealed by the plastic tent of the tobacco leaf stack, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following method for preventing and treating:
applying fumigant phosphine for fumigation prevention: and closing control valves on the exhaust pipe and the blast pipe, then putting the fumigant phosphine into the inner tent, and maintaining the sealing state until the tobacco leaf pests are removed and treated.
Example 2
According to the technical scheme, after the double-layer closed maintenance system of the tobacco leaf stack is constructed, daily regulation and control and maintenance work are carried out on tobacco leaves, and pests appear in the tobacco leaf stack sealed by the plastic tent of the tobacco leaf stack, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following method for preventing and treating:
filling high-purity nitrogen for controlled atmosphere control, communicating a blast pipe with a nitrogen making machine, starting the nitrogen making machine, inputting the high-purity nitrogen into the inner tent, simultaneously starting a valve on an exhaust pipe, gradually replacing old air in the inner tent through an opened channel until tobacco leaf pests in the inner tent suffocate and die in an anoxic environment, closing the nitrogen making machine, and closing the valves on the blast pipe and the exhaust pipe.
Example 3
According to the technical scheme, after the double-layer closed maintenance system of the tobacco leaf stacks is constructed, daily regulation and maintenance work is carried out on tobacco leaves, and pests appear in the tobacco leaf stacks sealed by the plastic tent of the tobacco leaf stacks, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following method for preventing and treating:
the method for controlling tobacco pests by putting deoxidant containing reductive iron powder into the sealed inner tent comprises the following steps: and closing valves of a blast pipeline and a suction pipeline of the inner layer tent, then putting the deoxidant containing the reducing iron powder into the inner layer tent, continuously absorbing oxygen in the inner layer tent by the reducing iron powder, and gradually suffocating and dying the tobacco leaf pests in the inner layer tent in an oxygen-deficient environment.
Example 4
According to the technical scheme, after the double-layer closed curing system for the tobacco leaf stacks is constructed, the single-stack accelerated alcoholization test is carried out on 2021-year tobacco leaves with an alcoholization period of 3 years.
Natural alcoholization is planned to be used as a production raw material in 2023, but is planned to be used in the first half year of 2022 according to production requirements, so that the device disclosed by the invention is adopted to carry out double-layer heat preservation and sealing on the tobacco stacks, carry out environment regulation and control on an inner double-layer curtain and an outer double-layer curtain of the sealed tobacco stacks through environment regulation and control equipment, and carry out temperature-increasing and dehumidifying regulation and control on corresponding target stack positions by adopting the temperature-increasing and dehumidifying functions of integrated equipment regulation and control equipment. Each regulation is not less than 2 hours, preferably not less than 2 times per week. The environmental regulation between the inner layer tent and the outer layer tent is mainly characterized in that the temperature of the inner layer tent is regulated and buffered, the inner layer tent is kept to be higher than the ambient contemporaneous temperature between the warehouses, the temperature of the smoke box is not lower than 2 ℃ based on the guarantee, and the highest temperature of the smoke box is controlled to be about 34 ℃. And the humidity and the temperature of the tobacco stack in the inner tent are recorded after the inner tent is started for a period of time, so that the requirement of using the inner tent in the first half year in 2022 can be basically met.
Example 5
According to the technical scheme, after the double-layer closed curing system for the tobacco leaf stacks is constructed, the single-stack accelerated alcoholization test is carried out on 2021-year tobacco leaves with an alcoholization period of 3 years.
The natural alcoholization is planned to be used as a production raw material in 2023, but the production needs to be planned to be used in the first half year of 2022, 20 tobacco stacks needing accelerated alcoholization are subjected to double-layer heat preservation and sealing by adopting the device using method, an internal and external double-layer curtain of the sealed tobacco stacks are subjected to environment regulation and control by adopting environment regulation and control equipment, and the corresponding target stack position is subjected to temperature-increasing and dehumidifying regulation and control by adopting the temperature-increasing and dehumidifying functions of integrated equipment regulation and control equipment. Each regulation is not less than 2 hours, preferably not less than 2 times per week. The environmental regulation between the inner layer tent and the outer layer tent is mainly characterized in that the temperature of the inner layer tent is regulated and buffered, the inner layer tent is kept to be higher than the ambient contemporaneous temperature between the warehouses, the temperature of the smoke box is not lower than 2 ℃ based on the guarantee, and the highest temperature of the smoke box in the current year is controlled to be about 34 ℃. Can basically meet the requirement that 20 cigarette stacks are used for accelerating alcoholization in the second half year of 2022 years.
The above-described aspects may be implemented individually or in various combinations, and such variations are within the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the specific embodiments of the invention be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a quicken double-deck airtight maintenance system of stack of tobacco leaf alcoholization which characterized in that, including tobacco leaf stack position (1) that is used for depositing the tobacco leaf, still including set up in double-deck maintenance unit (2) in tobacco leaf stack position (1) outside, with double-deck maintenance unit (2) are used for the environment regulation and control unit (3) of control temperature humidity through what control pipeline connected, double-deck maintenance unit (2) including sealed set up in inlayer account curtain (201) in the tobacco leaf stack position (1) outside, sealed set up in outer account curtain (202) in inlayer account curtain (201) outside.
2. The stacking double-layer closed maintenance system for accelerating tobacco mellowing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the environment regulating unit (3) comprises a regulating device (301) for air supply and air draft arranged at the left side of the double-layer maintenance unit (2), a blast pipe (302) with the left end connected with the air outlet of the regulating device (301), and an exhaust pipe (303) with the left end connected with the air inlet of the regulating device (301), the right end of the blast pipe (302) is connected with the first end of a three-way blast pipe (304), the second end of the three-way blast pipe (304) is communicated with the outer layer curtain (202), the third end of the three-way blast pipe (304) passes through the outer layer curtain (202) to be communicated with the inner layer curtain (201), the right end of the exhaust pipe (303) is connected with the first end of the three-way exhaust pipe (305), the second end of the three-way blast pipe (305) is communicated with the outer layer curtain (202), the third end of the air draft three-way pipe (305) penetrates through the outer layer tent (202) and is communicated with the inner layer tent (201).
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the second end of the three-way blower pipe (304) is communicated with the left side wall of the outer curtain (202), the third end of the three-way blower pipe (304) is communicated with the left side wall of the inner curtain (201) through the outer curtain (202), the second end of the three-way exhaust pipe (305) is communicated with the right side wall of the outer curtain (202), and the third end of the three-way exhaust pipe (305) is communicated with the right side wall of the inner curtain (201) through the outer curtain (202).
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the blower tube (302) is provided with a first valve (306).
5. A stacked double-deck enclosed curing system for accelerating mellowing of tobacco leaves according to claim 2, wherein said exhaust duct (303) is provided with a second valve (307).
6. The double-deck closed curing system for accelerating alcoholization of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, further comprising an inner basement membrane (4) arranged at the bottom of said tobacco leaf stack position (1).
7. The stacked double-layer closed curing system for accelerating mellowing of tobacco leaves according to claim 6, further comprising an outer basement membrane (5) disposed at the bottom of the inner basement membrane (4).
8. The stacked double-layer closed curing system for accelerating mellowing of tobacco leaves according to claim 7, further comprising a heat-insulating layer (6) arranged between the inner basement membrane (4) and the outer basement membrane (5).
9. The system for the double-layer closed maintenance of the tobacco alcoholization acceleration according to claim 8, wherein the outer basement membrane (5) is pushed outwards by 5-7cm based on each side of the stacking line of the tobacco stacking position (1), the inner basement membrane (4) is pushed outwards by 2-4cm based on each side of the stacking line of the tobacco stacking position (1), and the insulation layer (6) is pushed inwards by 2cm based on each side of the stacking line of the tobacco stacking position (1).
10. A method of constructing and using a palletized double-deck closed curing system for accelerating the alcoholization of tobacco leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, constructing a tobacco leaf stacking double-layer closed curing system
The double-layer airtight maintenance system for the tobacco stacks comprises a tobacco stack position (1) for storing tobacco, a double-layer maintenance unit (2) for sealing the tobacco stack position (1), and an environment regulation and control unit (3) connected with the double-layer maintenance unit (2) through a pipeline, and is constructed according to the following method:
1) a double-layer maintenance unit (2) with an inner airflow exchange control channel and an outer airflow exchange control channel is constructed in a tobacco warehouse:
stacking tobacco leaves on a tobacco leaf warehouse floor to form a tobacco leaf stack position (1), paving an outer layer bottom film (5), a heat insulation layer (6) and an inner layer bottom film (4) on the ground in sequence based on the size of the tobacco leaf stack position (1), placing the tobacco leaf stack position (1) above the inner layer bottom film (4), then manufacturing an inner layer curtain (201) for covering tobacco leaf stacks, covering the inner layer curtain (201) on the tobacco leaf stack position (1), sealing the skirt edge part of the inner layer curtain (201) which covers the ground on the periphery of the tobacco leaf stack position (1) and the warehouse floor, wrapping the stacked tobacco leaf stack position (1) in a space sealed by the inner layer curtain (201), then manufacturing an outer layer curtain (202), covering the outer layer curtain (202) on the inner layer curtain (201), sealing the skirt edge part of the outer layer curtain (202) which covers the ground on the periphery of the inner layer curtain (201) and the warehouse floor, the inner layer tent (201) is wrapped in the sealed space of the outer layer tent (202), so that the inner layer tent (201) and the outer layer tent (202) jointly form a double-layer maintenance unit (2);
2) set up a set of control duct that can realize inside and outside air current exchange of double-deck maintenance unit (2) respectively in tobacco pile position (1) both sides, then pass through the pipe connection with double-deck maintenance unit (2) and environment regulation and control unit (3):
the environment regulation and control unit (3) comprises regulation and control equipment (301), the regulation and control equipment (301) is a combination of more than two of an exhaust fan, a blower, a dehumidifier, a humidifier, a heater and a condenser, and the control pipeline comprises a blast pipe (302), an exhaust pipe (303), a blast three-way pipe (304) and an exhaust three-way pipe (305);
an air outlet of the regulating and controlling device (301) is connected with a blast pipe (302), an air inlet is connected with an exhaust pipe (303), the blast pipe (302) is connected with a first end of a blast three-way pipe (304), the exhaust pipe (303) is connected with a first end of an exhaust three-way pipe (305), then a second end of the blast three-way pipe (304) is communicated with an outer layer curtain (202), and a third end of the blast three-way pipe (304) penetrates through the outer layer curtain (202) to be communicated with an inner layer curtain (201); the second end of the air draft three-way pipe (305) is communicated with the outer layer tent (202), the third end of the air draft three-way pipe (305) penetrates through the outer layer tent (202) to be communicated with the inner layer tent (201), and after the connection is finished, the environment regulation and control unit (3) is directly started and a control valve on a pipeline is opened, so that the environment regulation and control of the tobacco stacking position (1) can be realized;
s2 operation and control of tobacco leaf stacking double-layer closed curing system
When the environmental temperature is lower than the ideal temperature of alcoholization maintenance, according to the requirement of accelerating alcoholization maintenance of tobacco leaves, blowing heating gas into the tobacco leaf stack position (1) in the sealed double-layer maintenance unit (2) by using a regulating and controlling device (301) through a pipeline, wherein each regulation and control is not less than 2 hours, so that the environment of the tobacco leaves in the stack is stably heated, and the temperature of a smoke box in the stack is generally higher than the temperature of a conventional non-regulated smoke box by more than 0.5 ℃;
when the environmental temperature is lower than the ideal temperature of alcoholization maintenance, according to the requirement of accelerating alcoholization maintenance of tobacco leaves, heating gas is blown into the tobacco leaf stack position (1) in the sealed double-layer maintenance unit (2) by utilizing a regulating and controlling device (301) through a pipeline, the temperature of the environment where the tobacco leaves are positioned in the stack is stably raised by regulating and controlling for not less than 2 hours each time, and the temperature of a smoke box in the stack is generally higher than the temperature of a conventional non-regulated smoke box by more than 0.5 ℃.
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