CN102423107B - Method for mechanically humidifying and moisturizing warehoused tobacco leaves in dry and cold season - Google Patents
Method for mechanically humidifying and moisturizing warehoused tobacco leaves in dry and cold season Download PDFInfo
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- CN102423107B CN102423107B CN 201110344064 CN201110344064A CN102423107B CN 102423107 B CN102423107 B CN 102423107B CN 201110344064 CN201110344064 CN 201110344064 CN 201110344064 A CN201110344064 A CN 201110344064A CN 102423107 B CN102423107 B CN 102423107B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for mechanically humidifying and moisturizing warehoused tobacco leaves in a dry and cold season. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) constructing a plastic tent sealing system capable of mechanically adjusting and controlling an internal warehouse environment of a tobacco leaf stack in a tobacco warehouse; and 2) after finishing the step 1) of constructing the plastic tent sealing system capable of mechanically adjusting and controlling the internal warehouse environment of the tobacco leaf stack in the tobacco warehouse, setting a temperature and humidity adjusting and controlling combination in the tobacco warehouse at temperature of between 10 and 25 DEG C in the warehouse environment and relative humidity of between 55 and 70%in the tobacco leaf stack in the dry and cold season in which the temperature of the atmosphere environment is lower than 10 DEG C, wherein the step 2) is realized by adopting any one of the following three methods. The method has the characteristic of simplicity and the characteristic that the warehoused tobacco leaves can get through the winter in dry and cold places.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of mechanical damping leaves moisting of Storage tobacco being carried out in dried, dead season.
Background technology
Tobacco leaf after gathering then will could use through storing the alcoholization cycle more than 1 year.Because the defective of new cigarette various degrees on quality, show as that fragrance fails to appear, excitant is large, blue foreign smell is heavier, the assorted gas of region is outstanding, flue gas is coarse etc., must tabacco fragrance be manifested by natural alcoholization or fermentation, eliminate blue foreign smell, abirritate, improve pleasant impression and tobacco leaf flammability, to satisfy the cigarette industry requirement.
The purpose of tobacco natural alcoholization is in order to overcome the bad quality of new cigarette, to improve and improve inherent quality and the presentation quality of tobacco leaf, making it to be suitable for the needs of cigarette product quality.Natural alcoholization also claims " ageing ", is a kind of gentleness and fermentation process is slowly deposited in the tobacco leaf after redrying in the warehouse usually, the alcoholization slowly with the variation of temperature in four seasons, through the time of 12～30 months, make its quality be improved significantly.
Tobacco natural alcoholization not only aroma quality obviously is better than the artificial fermentation, and the stability that keeps cigarette quality is played an important role.The cigarette product trade mark, particularly famous-brand and high-quality cigarette quality style must stable for extended periods of time once typing.If raw tobacco material is not enough stocked, can not satisfy the needs of cigarette composition on quantity, kind, area, Quality Grade, certainly will to change at any time tobacco leaf formulation, cigarette product will be subject to very big impact.Implement tobacco natural alcoholization, the tobacco leaf stockage is more abundant, even run into the time of tobacco leaf supply shortage, what arranged one or two years stocks tobacco leaf for the basis, by adjusting gradually tobacco leaf formulation, can keep the stable of cigarette quality.
The alcoholization quality of tobacco leaf mainly comprises tobacco leaf presentation quality, physical characteristic, chemical composition and aesthetic quality's four major parts, and they are from different aspect reflection quality of tobacco features.Presentation quality is the important evidence of tobacco leaf grading, and chemical composition and aesthetic quality are mainly reflected the inherent quality of tobacco leaf, and the tobacco leaf physical characteristics can reflect quality of tobacco, the anti-processability of tobacco leaf and economic characters.
The factor that affects the tobacco mellowing quality is a lot, and principal element has:
1. the equilibrium moisture content of tobacco leaf (%): it had both reflected the processability of tobacco leaf, had also directly affected process and the alcoholization quality of tobacco natural alcoholization, the tobacco leaf moisture content is too low can affect the natural alcoholization process, but the too high meeting of moisture content deepens tobacco leaf color, impact alcoholization quality, the tobacco leaf moisture content remains on the natural alcoholization that 12%～13% scope is conducive to tobacco leaf most, when envionmental humidity remains on 55%～65%, the tobacco leaf moisture content will also be stabilized between 12%～13%;
2. the air themperature in storage environment: temperature is higher, and it is strong that the biochemistry in tobacco leaf changes Shaoxing opera, and alcoholization speed is faster; And the storage temperature is lower, and it is slower that the biochemistry in tobacco leaf changes, and alcoholization speed is slower, and the optimum temperature of tobacco mellowing is 20 ℃-30 ℃, and actual warehouse temperature should be controlled between 15 ℃-30 ℃ at least.
3. oxygen: the essence of tobacco natural alcoholization process is the inherent chemical composition degraded of tobacco leaf, transforms and the process of synthesizing, and could fully complete when these process majorities need to have oxygen to exist.The early stage of natural alcoholization and mid-term need to be strengthened the alcoholization that mechanical damping is conducive to tobacco leaf.
Current, tobacco business Storage tobacco great majority are wide geographic areas of storage maintenance and alcoholization, particularly North of Huai River under natural conditions, enter autumn end, winter and season in the early spring, dry cold.Take the Beijing area as example: the environmental simulation of environment institute of Beijing Normal University has been carried out monitoring confirmation (winter in Beijing different landscape underlying surface humiture degree variation characteristic----Acta Ecologica Sinica in year February in December, 2007 to 2008 to temperature, the humidity diurnal variation of 5 observation stations of Beijing with Liu Jiaomei, Yang Zhifeng that National Key Laboratory is controlled in pollution, the 29th the 6th phase of volume of June in 2009), in December～January, the mean temperature of Beijing is for reaching-6～8 ℃, and medial humidity is 25～45%; In February, the mean temperature of Beijing is-4～10 ℃, and medial humidity is 10～25%.
In above-mentioned area, after entering autumn and winter, the atmospheric environment humiture lower than the ambient temperature and humidity of ambient temperature and humidity, inside, warehouse in the storehouse again lower than the humiture of tobacco leaf stack inside in the storehouse, the gradient difference of the inside and outside humiture of the inner tobacco leaf stack in this warehouse will cause the hot transport phenomenon (moist heat transfer) that the gas in tobacco leaf stack is occured to the low temperature position by high temperature position.Be accompanied by the transmission of above-mentioned heat, moisture content in leaves just by high temperature position to the low-temp. portion bit transition, finally can make moisture content in leaves constantly shift and volatilize to be diffused in environment to the stacking skin and go, the moisture in tobacco leaf stack is through tending to descend 2～5 percentage points a winter.The ground winter temperatures such as domestic Harbin, Zhangjiakou, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang are lower, and the moisture content of Storage tobacco may only maintain 8～10%, well below the scope that is conducive to most tobacco natural alcoholization 12%～13%.Like this, the northern area of China stock's tobacco leaf is difficult to complete good natural alcoholization basically, can not provide the raw tobacco material of producing the high-grade cigarette goods, and economic loss is huge.
Moreover 8～10% low-water-content can cause that again the chip rate of tobacco leaf improves, and increases the quality of tobacco loss in the tobacco leaf handling process, and the anti-processability of tobacco leaf and economic characters also can variation.
And on the other hand, the southern area spring of China, summer, air humidity was generally larger, and Storage tobacco very easily absorbs airborne moisture and goes mouldy, particularly when temperature is more than 20 ℃, and the larger a little possibility that just may occur going mouldy of tobacco leaf humidity.
In order to address the above problem, in the urgent need to the pattern of simply implementing conventional tobacco conservation measure take a whole tobacco leaf warehouse as unit before changing, a kind ofly carry out airtight take each tobacco leaf stack as the unit and then complete with mechanical damping, manually moisten the new tobacco leaf warehousing maintenance measure of tobacco leaf in the urgent need to adopting.
In order to solve the series of technical in the tobacco leaf storage maintenance, the inventor has applied for utility model patent-" sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves " (patent No. ZL2009 2 0086679.5) in 2009, although this patent provides a kind of tobacco leaf stack sealing method, do not further describe the method to the damping of tobacco leaf machinery; The inventor has applied for patent of invention in 2009---" can regulate and control the multifunctional tobacco leaf stack sealing storage method of storage environment " (patent No. ZL2009 1 0062727.1), although this patent provides for the storage maintenance technology system that stores tobacco leaf, but the tent inner surface dewfall that is prone to when relying on this patented technology still can not solve under tobacco leaf stack artificial mechanism humidification from cryogenic conditions to sealing and the problem of freezing, moist heat transfer still can occur the internal moisture of tobacco leaf stack causes moisture content in leaves to run off; The inventor has applied for again patent of invention in 2011---" a kind of mechanical regulation, manual nitrogen charging store the method for tobacco leaf "; this patented technology mainly has been to provide the technical method of a cover environmental protection chemoprevention worm, mildew-resistant, but for tobacco leaf damping leaves moisting problem under the low temperature drying condition relate to less, the control index system that a cover is suitable under the low temperature drying condition, tobacco leaf stack being carried out mechanical damping leaves moisting operating technology do not proposed.
In the production real work of tobacco storage industry, once occurring in the winter time tobacco leaf warehouse being carried out the artificial heating of machinery heats, then in tobacco leaf warehouse more artificial humidification keep humidity in tobacco leaf stack, but the formed high humidity environment of this way is easily destroyed by the stream of people, the logistics that tobacco leaf warehouse constantly passes in and out, and the warehouse energy consumption is quite serious.
in sum, in present production reality and existing patented technology, there is no one damp and hot and northern Arid-cold regin for south, can satisfy tobacco leaf stack sealing and mechanical damping leaves moisting and maintenance upgrading system construction and operation method comprehensively, be mainly manifested in the environment control measure that do not suppress tobacco leaf stack generation moisture moist heat transfer in existing storage technique, do not build a kind of tobacco leaf stack damping that is conducive to, the encapsulating method of moisturizing, there is no a kind of measure that tobacco leaf stack humidity is kept that is conducive to, neither one is suitable for the temperature of Arid-cold regin Storage tobacco safe overwintering, humidity is controlled the index combination, existing tobacco warehouse humiture control measure energy consumption is high, waste is serious.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly doing, Storage tobacco carried out the method for mechanical damping leaves moisting dead season, it is simple that the method has method, is suitable for the characteristics of drying, cold district Storage tobacco safe overwintering.To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of do, carry out the method for mechanical damping leaves moisting dead season to Storage tobacco, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) but, build the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse, comprise the steps:
1. a main blast pipe and a main air draft are set respectively in tobacco leaf warehouse, (described several branch vents can be 2-100 branch vent respectively to draw several branch vents on main blast pipe and main air draft, determine according to the size of storage), the branch vent end is connected with vent hose in order to controlling with air inlet the use that joint is connected with valve on branch vent; Main blast pipe one end is connected with mechanical humidifier or dehumidifier, the external centrifugal blower of main air draft;
2. pile tobacco leaf on the main blast pipe that arranges in tobacco leaf warehouse and the ground between main air draft, at first according to the tobacco leaf stack size that on ground, pile takes up an area in the storehouse, make square a, area with plastic sheeting and take up an area the plastic mattress end liner cloth of size and place mat in the storehouse on ground greater than the tobacco leaf pile, then pile tobacco leaf on plastic mattress end liner cloth; Again according to the good tobacco leaf stack size of pile, make the plastic seal tent of a covering use of plastic sheeting, the plastic seal tent is covered on tobacco leaf stack, bilayer laminates or the convolution sealing with carrying out near the shirt rim on ground and plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent, and the besieged envelope of the tobacco leaf stack that pile is good is rolled in the seal cavity that plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth surrounds; In the plastic seal tent of above-mentioned structure corresponding position mutually on plastic seal tent top and plastic mattress end liner cloth on corresponding side or respectively mutually arbitrarily, one group of air inlet is set respectively controls joint and one group of control joint of giving vent to anger; Or establish one group of air inlet and control joint or the control joint of giving vent to anger on plastic mattress end liner cloth, arrange on plastic seal tent top and surrounding side that joint is controlled in corresponding giving vent to anger or joint is controlled in air inlet; Joint is controlled in air inlet, an end of the control joint of giving vent to anger is positioned at the plastic seal tent and the outside of the confined space that plastic mattress end liner cloth surrounds, and joint is controlled in air inlet, the other end of the control joint of giving vent to anger is positioned at the inside of plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner confined space that cloth surrounds;
Tobacco leaf sealing stacking tent or the control of the air inlet above the plastic mattress end liner cloth joint that 3. will need to regulate and control link by flexible pipe with the branch vent (being blast connection) that is arranged on the interior main blast pipe of tobacco leaf warehouse that closes on, and the tobacco leaf sealing stacking tent of needs regulation and control or the giving vent to anger control joint above plastic mattress end liner cloth are linked by flexible pipe with the branch vent on main air draft in tobacco leaf warehouse (being the exhausting arm) that is arranged in that closes on;
Above-mentioned main blast pipe and main air draft, and plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth, and be fixed on plastics tent or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth and control joint, the control joint of giving vent to anger, but and the common plastics tent sealing system that consists of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack such as connecting hose;
2), completing steps 1) but build the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse after, in the temperature of atmospheric environment (atmospheric environment outside tobacco leaf warehouse) drying, cold season lower than 10 ℃, temperature in tobacco leaf warehouse, humidity regulation combination are set in " temperature in warehouse environment is that the relative humidity in 10～25 ℃+tobacco leaf stack is 55%～70% ", adopt any realization the in following three kinds of ways:
1. the combined way of artificial humidification and mechanical work: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, startup warehouse interior heater makes that in the warehouse, temperature remains on more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃; Each sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the giving vent to anger branch vent on main air draft in tobacco leaf warehouse (being the exhausting arm) that is arranged in of controlling joint and closing on above plastic mattress end liner cloth are linked by flexible pipe, in the warehouse, main air draft connects centrifugal exhaust fan, keeps sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth to control joint and is in opening with the valve of controlling joint of giving vent to anger;
Manually spray moisture to the inner space, warehouse, the volatilization naturally of dependence moisture improves the humidity in the environment of inner space, warehouse, until in the warehouse, space relative humidity regulates and controls 55%～70%; Then start the air exhauster on main air draft, form the mechanical damping system of parallel with one another a, wet air in the tobacco leaf stack in inner space, one direction suction warehouse this moment;
2. rely on the way of mechanical humidifier humidification in parallel: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, start the warehouse interior heater make that in the warehouse, temperature maintains more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃; Each sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled in joint and adjacent tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent (blast connection) on main blast pipe links by flexible pipe, giving vent to anger above the stack sealing tent controls that in joint and adjacent tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent (exhausting arm) on main air draft links by flexible pipe with each simultaneously, connect mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe, connect centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft;
Start mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe and the centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft, the humidity of machinery humidifier air outlet is controlled at 55%～70%, so namely consists of one and has tent sealing tobacco leaf stack circulation machinery damping system parallel with one another, that the air blast humidification combines with exhausting; 55%～70% the time, namely can stop the mechanical regulation operation when the relative humidity regulation and control of tobacco leaf stack inner space;
3. rely on the way of mechanical humidifier series connection humidification: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, start the warehouse interior heater make that in the warehouse, temperature maintains more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃, branch vent (blast connection) on main blast pipe during first sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint and be arranged in the warehouse is connected, give vent to anger control joint with second the tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent that closes on or plastic mattress end liner cloth on air inlet control joint and link by flexible pipe, giving vent to anger on second tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth controlled same next tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or the air inlet on plastic mattress end liner cloth with closing on of joint and controlled joint and link by flexible pipe, by that analogy, to the last giving vent to anger on tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth controls that in joint and warehouse, the first branch vent (i.e. the first exhausting arm) above main air draft is connected,
Open the first branch vent (the first blast connection) above main blast pipe and the valve on the first branch vent above main air draft (the first exhausting arm), start mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe and the centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft, the humidity of machinery humidifier air outlet is controlled at 55%～70%, has so namely consisted of a tent with characteristics of energy saving and has sealed mechanical damping and the storage maintenance system that stacking is connected mutually.
According to technique scheme, step 2) in (during carrying out the damping of Storage tobacco machinery, the leaves moisting of guaranteeing the quality), in case the generation insect pest is to step 1) in the seal cavity that surrounds of plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth (but in plastics tent seal cavity of the inner storage environment of the mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack of structure) inject phosphine gas, nitrogen or carbon dioxide and fumigate the insect protected operation.
According to technique scheme, step 2) in (during carrying out the damping of Storage tobacco machinery, the leaves moisting of guaranteeing the quality), in case during air humidity in the generation tobacco leaf stack 〉=65%, starts the dehumidifier of main blast pipe one end to step 1) in the seal cavity that surrounds of plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth (but plastic seal tent of the inner storage environment of the mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack of structure is interior) blast the new wind of drying.
According to technique scheme, but in the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack, described bilayer laminates or the convolution sealing with carrying out with plastic mattress end liner cloth near the shirt rim on ground around the plastic seal tent, adopts any further the fixing in following method:
1) embed in the lump after overlapping with four limits of plastic mattress end liner cloth near the shirt rim (being that the apron of plastic seal tent is near the part on ground) on ground around the plastic seal tent in the plastics barrel with notch, then fixed in the plastics barrel pressing solidly near four limit embeddings of the shirt rim on ground and plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent by rubber tube;
2) be adhesively fixed by viscose glue or adhesive tape near the shirt rim on ground and plastic mattress end liner cloth four limits around the plastic seal tent;
3) fixed by the agrafe clamping near the shirt rim on ground and four limits of plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent;
4) rely on heat-sealing machine to carry out the heat seal sealing near the shirt rim on ground and four limits of plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent.
According to technique scheme, but the plastics tent sealing system (but six seal cavities of the tobacco leaf stack of mechanical regulation warehousing environment) for the inner storage environment of each mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack, joint is controlled in its one group of air inlet of installing above has 1～30 air inlet to control joint, and one group of control joint of giving vent to anger has 1～30 control joint of giving vent to anger;
The material that described plastic seal tent uses is plastic sheeting or nylon laminated film;
Described warehouse interior heater refers to radiator, floor heating or central air-conditioning.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention compares with several the Patents technology that the inventor has proposed with present existing tobacco leaf storage maintenance technology, characteristics that it is outstanding and significant progress be proposed a cover more comprehensively, more scientific system be suitable for scientific maintenance system drying, cold district, suitable and Storage tobacco damping taste in winter leaf, its advantage shows:
1, under existing warehouse condition, the temperature method of controlling that a cover can suppress tobacco leaf stack generation moisture moist heat transfer has in the winter time been proposed.
2, temperature, the combination of humidity control figure index and the realizing method that a cover is suitable for drying, cold district Storage tobacco safe overwintering proposed.
3, the further perfect plastics tent encapsulating method of mechanical damping and moisturizing that in the winter time tobacco leaf stack carried out perfect is suitable for winter tobacco leaf stack being carried out humidity regulation and keep, mechanical regulation system that possess the energy-saving and emission-reduction characteristics.
4, the method has that method is simple, science is practical, built the characteristics that can realize multiple care action.
Rely on way provided by the invention, can conscientiously guarantee the northern alcoholization quality of doing, trembling with fear regional Storage tobacco, physical characteristic, reach the aesthetic quality, the wettability of tobacco leaf, anti-processability and economic characters also can improve.Can realize the tobacco leaf scientific maintenance target under the energy-saving and emission-reduction condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-1st, but the present invention builds the structural representation of the plastics tent sealing system (but tobacco leaf stack sealing space of mechanical regulation warehousing environment) of the inner storage environment of the mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack of six sealings;
Fig. 1-2 is the top view of Fig. 1-1;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing (sealing of plastics tent barrel) of A section in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a plurality of tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent series connection wind path layout drawings;
Fig. 4 is the unidirectional exhausting wind path of a plurality of tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent layout drawing;
Fig. 5 is the unidirectional air blast wind path of a plurality of tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent layout drawing;
Fig. 6 is a plurality of tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent parallel ventilation branch layout drawings;
In figure: 1-plastic seal tent, the 2-tobacco leaf stack, joint is controlled in the 3-air inlet, the 4-control joint of giving vent to anger, 5-tobacco leaf pest trap, 6-plastic mattress end liner cloth, 7-plastics barrel, 8-rubber tube, 9-master's blast pipe, 10-exhausting arm, 11-main air draft, 12-blast connection.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1:
A kind ofly doing, Storage tobacco carried out the method for mechanical damping leaves moisting dead season, it comprises the steps:
1) but, the plastics tent sealing system that builds the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse (but namely builds the tobacco leaf stack sealing space of the mechanical regulation warehousing environment of six sealings, as Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2, shown in Figure 2), comprise the steps:
1. a main blast pipe and a main air draft are set respectively in tobacco leaf warehouse, (described several branch vents can be 2-100 branch vent respectively to draw several branch vents on main blast pipe and main air draft, determine according to the size of storage), the branch vent end is connected with vent hose in order to controlling with air inlet the use that joint is connected with valve on branch vent; Main blast pipe one end is connected with mechanical humidifier or dehumidifier, the external centrifugal blower of main air draft;
2. pile tobacco leaf on the main blast pipe that arranges in tobacco leaf warehouse and the ground between main air draft, at first estimate the size of pile occupation of land on the ground according to tobacco leaf stack, make square a, area with plastic sheeting and take up an area the plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 of size and place mat in the storehouse on ground greater than the tobacco leaf pile, then pile tobacco leaf 2 on plastic mattress end liner cloth; Again according to the good tobacco leaf stack size of pile, make the plastic seal tent 1 of a covering use of plastic sheeting, plastic seal tent 1 is covered on tobacco leaf stack 2, bilayer laminates or the convolution sealing with carrying out with plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 near the shirt rim on ground around the plastic seal tent, and the besieged envelope of tobacco leaf stack 2 that pile is good is rolled in the seal cavity that plastic seal tent 1 and plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 surrounds;
In the plastic seal tent 1 of above-mentioned structure corresponding position mutually on plastic seal tent top and plastic mattress end liner cloth on corresponding side or respectively mutually arbitrarily, one group of air inlet is set respectively controls joint 3 (1～30 air inlet control joint, specifically determine as required) and one group of control joint 4 of giving vent to anger (1～30 control joint of giving vent to anger is specifically determined as required); Or establish one group of air inlet and control joint 3 or give vent to anger and control joint 4 on plastic mattress end liner cloth 6, arrange on plastic seal tent top and surrounding side that joint is controlled in corresponding giving vent to anger or joint is controlled in air inlet; Joint 3 is controlled in air inlet, an end of the control joint 4 of giving vent to anger is positioned at the plastic seal tent and the outside of the confined space that plastic mattress end liner cloth surrounds, and joint 3 is controlled in air inlet, the other end of the control joint 4 of giving vent to anger is positioned at the inside of plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner confined space that cloth surrounds;
As: the left surface that joint 3 (or one group of control joint 4 of giving vent to anger) is positioned at plastic seal tent 1 is controlled in one group of air inlet, and another group is given vent to anger and controlled the corresponding right flank that is positioned at plastic seal tent 1 of joint 4 (or joint 3 is controlled in a series of air inlet);
Air inlet is controlled joint, given vent to anger when controlling the joint unlatching is the seal cavity and the extraneous passage that carries out the air-flow exchange that the plastic seal tent surrounds, and the seal cavity that joint is controlled in air inlet, the control joint of giving vent to anger can keep the plastic seal tent to surround when cutting out is in air-tight state completely; Joint 3 is controlled in air inlet, the control joint 4 of giving vent to anger is the control joint that can control the air-flow exchange, can adopt various versions, various material (as metal or plastics), the Guan Shangshe control valve as version commonly used, or an end of pipe is established a closed end cap that is threaded, or capping plug of pressure people in an end endoporus of pipe, etc.; The seal cavity that joint 3 is controlled in air inlet, the control joint 4 of giving vent to anger is plastic seal tent 1 and tobacco leaf stack 2 and the passage that various gases and energy matter exchange are carried out in the outside can be opened at any time or close; The plastic seal tent 1 of making had both been brought into play the usefulness of isolation insect protected, and the place of gas fumigation desinsection can be provided again at any time, can also continue to keep the intact of tobacco leaf stack tent after fumigating, until the tobacco leaf storage cycle finishes; Open air inlet control joint 3, give vent to anger control joint 4 and with corresponding equipment interconnection after can realize the functions such as fumigant insect killing, toxin expelling, dehumidifying, cooling, mechanical damping, close air inlet and control joint 3, give vent to anger and control the tobacco leaf stack inside that can keep the tent sealing after joint 4 a stable storage maintenance environment is arranged.
Above-mentioned plastic seal tent 1 and plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 consist of the tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent that can realize mechanical regulation tobacco leaf storage condition;
Above-mentioned main blast pipe and main air draft, and plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth, and be fixed on plastics tent or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth and control joint, the control joint of giving vent to anger, but and the common plastics tent sealing system that consists of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack such as connecting hose;
2), completing steps 1) but build the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse after, in the temperature of atmospheric environment (atmospheric environment outside tobacco leaf warehouse) drying, cold season lower than 10 ℃, temperature in tobacco leaf warehouse, humidity regulation combination are set in " temperature in warehouse environment is that the relative humidity in 10～25 ℃+tobacco leaf stack is 55%～70% ", adopt following way to realize damping leaves moisting, the maintenance upgrading of Storage tobacco:
The way that artificial humidification and mechanical work are combined: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, startup warehouse interior heater makes that in the warehouse, temperature remains on more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃; Each sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or giving vent to anger above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint, and in tobacco leaf warehouse, the exhausting arm on main air draft links by flexible pipe with being arranged in of closing on, in the warehouse, main air draft connects centrifugal exhaust fan, keeps sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth to control joint and is in opening with the valve of controlling joint of giving vent to anger;
Manually spray moisture to the inner space, warehouse, the volatilization naturally of dependence moisture improves the humidity in the environment of inner space, warehouse, until in the warehouse, space relative humidity regulates and controls 55%～70%; Then start the air exhauster on main air draft, form the mechanical damping system of parallel with one another a, wet air in the tobacco leaf stack in inner space, one direction suction warehouse this moment.
Adopt above-mentioned regulate and control method, be in the cold Guiyang Tobacco Factory in highlands, Winter Dry winter in 2009, carried out mechanical damping operation in tobacco leaf alcoholizing pool, the 20# storehouse, Anshun in Hua Xi main road.Test is in experience after winter, spring, the testing crew of raw material goods and materials section of Guiyang Tobacco Factory and Dongchang, Wuhan company is surveyed sample the quality of test tobacco leaf stack with July, mid-September in 2010 respectively, result confirm tobacco leaf without insect pest situation, without go mouldy, free from extraneous odour, tobacco leaf color is better, and consistent evaluation effect is desirable (seeing table 1 for details) comparatively.
Table 1, Guiyang Tobacco Factory's machinery damping leaves moisting test quality of tobacco inspection record table
Scrutineer's (signature): Rao Xianren, Liu Yirong, Wang Zhuqin, Li Xinkun, the rich brightness of pavilion, Xu Yuqiang.
Above-mentionedly experimental results show that method of the present invention is suitable for drying, cold district Storage tobacco safe overwintering.
3), tobacco leaf worm, mould evil are carried out routine fumigation control:
employing is filled with highly purified nitrogen and carries out fumigation control: joint 3 is controlled in the air inlet on plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 be connected with nitrogen gas generating device by mechanical damping pipeline, opening air inlet controls joint 3 and gives vent to anger and control joint 4, open nitrogen gas generating device, input highly purified nitrogen in the seal cavity of plastic seal tent 1 and 6 formation of plastic mattress end liner cloth, displace simultaneously the air in tobacco leaf stack, stop nitrogen injection after the nitrogen concentration of volume percent in plastic seal tent 1 and plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 formation seal cavities 〉=96%, closing air inlet controls joint 3 and gives vent to anger and control joint 4, keep air-tight state (nitrogen injection more than 7 days, thereby destroy the living environment of insect and mould, cause insect death by suffocation, guarantee quality of tobacco), described nitrogen gas generating device is machine made nitrogen equipment or the steel cylinder that nitrogen is housed (steel cylinder dress nitrogen), described highly purified nitrogen refers to the quality purity of nitrogen 〉=99.9%,
The machine made nitrogen equipment can use PSA varying-voltage adsorption nitrogen machine (the Guangzhou logical industrial gasses of dimension Co., Ltd produces), also can use the film imported separation nitrogen producing machine;
Can seal the operational effect that oxygen concentration in stacking is determined the equipment of making nitrogen by detection, when oxygen content drops to 3% activity that can suppress the tobacco leaf insect when following, use oxygen concentration detecting instrument (production of Henan Province intelligence instrument system Engineering Co., Ltd) or import oxygen automatic tester to carry out.
the mist that employing is filled with nitrogen and carbon dioxide carries out fumigation control: nitrogen gas generating device and carbon dioxide generating device are controlled joint 3 with the air inlet on plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 be connected, open air inlet and control joint 3, give vent to anger and control joint 4, open nitrogen gas generating device and carbon dioxide generating device, the gaseous mixture of input nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the seal cavity that forms to plastic seal tent 1 and plastic mattress end liner cloth 6, displace simultaneously the air in tobacco leaf stack 2, the concentration of various gas components in the tobacco leaf stack of sealing is progressively reached:
The nitrogen concentration of volume percent is 70～85%, the concentration of volume percent of carbon dioxide is 14～29%;
Keep sealing state more than 7 days for above environmental condition, thereby destroy the living environment of insect and mould, cause insect death by suffocation, guarantee quality of tobacco.
the mist that employing is filled with hydrogen phosphide and carbon dioxide carries out fumigation control: hydrogen phosphide and carbon dioxide mix gas generating means are controlled joint 3 with the air inlet on plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 be connected, open air inlet and control joint 3, give vent to anger and control joint 4, open hydrogen phosphide and carbon dioxide mix gas generating means, input hydrogen phosphide and carbon dioxide mix gas in the seal cavity of plastic seal tent 1 and 6 formation of plastic mattress end liner cloth, displace simultaneously the air in tobacco leaf stack 2, the concentration of various gas components in the tobacco leaf stack of sealing is progressively reached: hydrogen phosphide 100ppm is above+carbon dioxide concentration of volume percent 5～10%.
Keep sealing state more than 7 days for above environmental condition, thereby destroy the living environment of insect and mould, cause insect death by suffocation, guarantee quality of tobacco.
4), plastics tent sealed reactor is piled up neatly inside and carries out the machinery dehumidifying:
carrying out the damping of Storage tobacco machinery, guarantee the quality during leaves moisting in (step 2)), in case air humidity excessive (air humidity 〉=65% time) in the generation tobacco leaf stack, joint 3 is controlled in air inlet on plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 to be connected with dehumidifier by main blast pipe, opening air inlet controls joint 3 and gives vent to anger and control joint 4, open dehumidifier, input dry later new wind in the seal cavity of plastic seal tent 1 and 6 formation of plastic mattress end liner cloth, displace simultaneously the humid air in tobacco leaf stack, when the air humidity in plastic seal tent 1 and plastic mattress end liner cloth 6 formation seal cavities maintains 50～65%, closing air inlet controls joint 3 and gives vent to anger and control joint 4, close down dehumidifier (on Hangzhou, island Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd produces),
Embodiment 2:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
At completing steps 1) but build the plastics tent sealing system plastics tent seal cavity of the inner storage environment of a series of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stacks (but build) of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse in tobacco leaf warehouse after, in the dry cold season of temperature lower than 10 ℃, rely on following way to realize damping leaves moisting, the maintenance upgrading of Storage tobacco:
Rely on the way of mechanical humidifier humidification in parallel: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, start the warehouse interior heater make that in the warehouse, temperature maintains more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃; Each sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled in joint and adjacent tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent (blast connection) on main blast pipe links by flexible pipe, giving vent to anger above the stack sealing tent controls that in joint and adjacent tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent (exhausting arm) on main air draft links by flexible pipe with each simultaneously, connect mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe, connect centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft;
Start mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe and the centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft, the humidity of machinery humidifier air outlet is controlled at 55%～70%, so namely consists of one and has tent sealing tobacco leaf stack circulation machinery damping system parallel with one another, that the air blast humidification combines with exhausting; 55%～70% the time, namely can stop the mechanical regulation operation when the relative humidity regulation and control of tobacco leaf stack inner space.
Adopt above-mentioned regulate and control method, certain tobacco leaf warehouse that is in drying, cold district has been carried out mechanical damping operation.Test, is surveyed sample the quality of test tobacco leaf stack after winter, spring in experience, result confirm tobacco leaf without insect pest situation, without go mouldy, free from extraneous odour, tobacco leaf color is (result is identical with table 1) better, consistent evaluation effect is ideal comparatively.
Experimental results show that method of the present invention is suitable for drying, cold district Storage tobacco safe overwintering.
Embodiment 3:
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
At completing steps 1) but build the plastics tent sealing system plastics tent seal cavity of the inner storage environment of a series of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stacks (but build) of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse in tobacco leaf warehouse after, in drying, the cold season of temperature lower than 10 ℃, rely on following way to realize damping leaves moisting, the maintenance upgrading of Storage tobacco:
rely on the way of mechanical humidifier series connection humidification: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, start the warehouse interior heater make that in the warehouse, temperature maintains more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃, branch vent (blast connection) on main blast pipe during first sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint and be arranged in the warehouse is connected, give vent to anger control joint with second the tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent that closes on or plastic mattress end liner cloth on air inlet control joint and link by flexible pipe, giving vent to anger on second tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth controlled same next tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or the air inlet on plastic mattress end liner cloth with closing on of joint and controlled joint and link by flexible pipe, by that analogy, to the last giving vent to anger on tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth controls that in joint and warehouse, the first branch vent (i.e. the first exhausting arm) above main air draft is connected,
Open the first branch vent (the first blast connection) above main blast pipe and the valve on the first branch vent above main air draft (the first exhausting arm), start mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe and the centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft, the humidity of machinery humidifier air outlet is controlled at 55%～70%, has so namely consisted of a tent with characteristics of energy saving and has sealed mechanical damping and the storage maintenance system that stacking is connected mutually.
Adopt above-mentioned regulate and control method, certain tobacco leaf warehouse that is in drying, cold district has been carried out mechanical damping operation.Test, is surveyed sample the quality of test tobacco leaf stack after winter, spring in experience, result confirm tobacco leaf without insect pest situation, without go mouldy, free from extraneous odour, tobacco leaf color is (result is identical with table 1) better, consistent evaluation effect is ideal comparatively.
Experimental results show that method of the present invention is suitable for drying, cold district Storage tobacco safe overwintering.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is carried out the method for mechanical damping leaves moisting in dried, dead season to Storage tobacco, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) but, build the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse, comprise the steps:
1. a main blast pipe and a main air draft are set respectively in tobacco leaf warehouse, respectively draw several branch vents on main blast pipe and main air draft, the branch vent end is connected with vent hose in order to controlling with air inlet the use that joint is connected with valve on branch vent; Main blast pipe one end is connected with mechanical humidifier or dehumidifier, the external centrifugal blower of main air draft;
2. pile tobacco leaf on the main blast pipe that arranges in tobacco leaf warehouse and the ground between main air draft, at first according to the tobacco leaf stack size that on ground, pile takes up an area in the storehouse, make square a, area with plastic sheeting and take up an area the plastic mattress end liner cloth of size and place mat in the storehouse on ground greater than the tobacco leaf pile, then pile tobacco leaf on plastic mattress end liner cloth; Again according to the good tobacco leaf stack size of pile, make the plastic seal tent of a covering use of plastic sheeting, the plastic seal tent is covered on tobacco leaf stack, bilayer laminates or the convolution sealing with carrying out near the shirt rim on ground and plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent, and the besieged envelope of the tobacco leaf stack that pile is good is rolled in the seal cavity that plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth surrounds; In the plastic seal tent of above-mentioned structure corresponding position mutually on plastic seal tent top and plastic mattress end liner cloth on corresponding side or respectively mutually arbitrarily, one group of air inlet is set respectively controls joint and one group of control joint of giving vent to anger; Or establish one group of air inlet and control joint or the control joint of giving vent to anger on plastic mattress end liner cloth, arrange on plastic seal tent top and surrounding side that joint is controlled in corresponding giving vent to anger or joint is controlled in air inlet; Joint is controlled in air inlet, an end of the control joint of giving vent to anger is positioned at the plastic seal tent and the outside of the confined space that plastic mattress end liner cloth surrounds, and joint is controlled in air inlet, the other end of the control joint of giving vent to anger is positioned at the inside of plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner confined space that cloth surrounds;
The tobacco leaf sealing stacking tent that 3. will need to regulate and control or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint in tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent on main blast pipe are linked by flexible pipe with being arranged in of closing on, and the tobacco leaf sealing stacking tent of needs regulation and control or giving vent to anger above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint, and in tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent on main air draft links by flexible pipe with being arranged in of closing on;
Above-mentioned main blast pipe and main air draft, and plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth, and be fixed on plastics tent or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth and control joint, the control joint of giving vent to anger, but and the common plastics tent sealing system that consists of the inner storage environment of a mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack of connecting hose;
2), completing steps 1) but build the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack in tobacco leaf warehouse after, in the temperature of atmospheric environment drying, cold season lower than 10 ℃, temperature in tobacco leaf warehouse, humidity regulation combination are set in " temperature in warehouse environment is that the relative humidity in 10～25 ℃+tobacco leaf stack is 55%～70% ", adopt any realization the in following three kinds of ways:
1. the combined way of artificial humidification and mechanical work: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, startup warehouse interior heater makes that in the warehouse, temperature remains on more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃; Each sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or giving vent to anger above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint, and in tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent on main air draft links by flexible pipe with being arranged in of closing on, in the warehouse, main air draft connects centrifugal exhaust fan, keeps sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth to control joint and is in opening with the valve of controlling joint of giving vent to anger;
Manually spray moisture to the inner space, warehouse, the volatilization naturally of dependence moisture improves the humidity in the environment of inner space, warehouse, until in the warehouse, space relative humidity regulates and controls 55%～70%; Then start the air exhauster on main air draft, form the mechanical damping system of parallel with one another a, wet air in the tobacco leaf stack in inner space, one direction suction warehouse this moment;
2. rely on the way of mechanical humidifier humidification in parallel: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, start the warehouse interior heater make that in the warehouse, temperature maintains more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃; Each sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled in joint and adjacent tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent on main blast pipe links by flexible pipe, simultaneously each stack sealing tent or giving vent to anger above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled that in joint and adjacent tobacco leaf warehouse, the branch vent on main air draft links by flexible pipe, connect mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe, connect centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft;
Start mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe and the centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft, the humidity of machinery humidifier air outlet is controlled at 55%～70%, consists of one and has tent sealing tobacco leaf stack circulation machinery damping system parallel with one another, that the air blast humidification combines with exhausting; 55%～70% the time, stop the mechanical regulation operation when the relative humidity regulation and control of tobacco leaf stack inner space;
3. rely on the way of mechanical humidifier series connection humidification: in airtight tobacco leaf warehouse, start the warehouse interior heater make that in the warehouse, temperature maintains more than 10 ℃, below 25 ℃, branch vent on main blast pipe during first sealed tent for stacked tobacco leaves or the air inlet above plastic mattress end liner cloth are controlled joint and be arranged in the warehouse is connected, give vent to anger control joint with second the tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent that closes on or plastic mattress end liner cloth on air inlet control joint and link by flexible pipe, giving vent to anger on second tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth controlled same next tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or the air inlet on plastic mattress end liner cloth with closing on of joint and controlled joint and link by flexible pipe, by that analogy, to the last giving vent to anger on tobacco leaf stack plastic seal tent or plastic mattress end liner cloth controls that in joint and warehouse, the first branch vent above main air draft is connected,
Open the first branch vent above main blast pipe and the valve on the first branch vent above main air draft, start mechanical humidifier on main blast pipe and the centrifugal exhaust fan on main air draft, the humidity of machinery humidifier air outlet is controlled at 55%～70%, has consisted of a tent with characteristics of energy saving and has sealed mechanical damping and the storage maintenance system that stacking is connected mutually;
Step 2) in, in case insect pest occurs, inject phosphine gas, nitrogen or carbon dioxide in the seal cavity that surrounds to step 1) plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth and fumigate the insect protected operation;
Step 2) in, in case when air humidity in tobacco leaf stack 〉=65% occurs, blast the new wind of drying in the seal cavity that the dehumidifier that starts main blast pipe one end surrounds to step 1) plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth.
According to claim 1 a kind of do, carry out the method for mechanical damping leaves moisting dead season to Storage tobacco, it is characterized in that: but in the plastics tent sealing system of the inner storage environment of mechanical regulation tobacco leaf stack, described bilayer laminates or the convolution sealing with carrying out with plastic mattress end liner cloth near the shirt rim on ground around the plastic seal tent, adopts any further the fixing in following method:
1) embed in the lump after overlapping with four limits of plastic mattress end liner cloth near the shirt rim on ground around the plastic seal tent in the plastics barrel with notch, then by rubber tube, four limit embeddings of the shirt rim on close ground around the plastic seal tent and plastic mattress end liner cloth are pressed solidly and fix in the plastics barrel;
2) be adhesively fixed by viscose glue or adhesive tape near the shirt rim on ground and plastic mattress end liner cloth four limits around the plastic seal tent;
3) fixed by the agrafe clamping near the shirt rim on ground and four limits of plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent;
4) rely on heat-sealing machine to carry out the heat seal sealing near the shirt rim on ground and four limits of plastic mattress end liner cloth around the plastic seal tent.
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| CN103054175B (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2015-02-11 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | Four-stage type tobacco mellowing method |
| CN103622155B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-05-04 | 四川骏博环保技术有限公司 | Tobacco conservation method |
| CN107303009B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-03-22 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | A kind of raw tobacco material cleaning storage maintenance process |
| CN108208918B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2023-06-23 | 武汉东昌仓贮技术有限公司 | Fumigating insect killing tent |
| CN110949869B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-04-22 | 湖北新业烟草薄片开发有限公司 | Storage and preservation method of tobacco sheet raw material |
| CN114794525A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-07-29 | 北京盈丰利泰科贸有限公司 | Tobacco leaf warehousing system and warehousing condition control method |
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Application publication date: 20120425 Assignee: Wuhan Dongchang Storage Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Li Yiwei Contract record no.: 2014420000096 Denomination of invention: Method for mechanically humidifying and moisturizing warehoused tobacco leaves in dry and cold season Granted publication date: 20130626 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140610 |
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Effective date of registration: 20160226 Address after: 430074 Hubei Province, Wuhan city Hongshan District Luoyu No. 177 East Lake Road Plaza Park Plaza 16D Patentee after: Wuhan Dongchang Storage Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 430072 No. 214 Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: Li Yiwei |