CN114539852A - 一种防附着网衣涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防附着网衣涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114539852A CN114539852A CN202210161257.XA CN202210161257A CN114539852A CN 114539852 A CN114539852 A CN 114539852A CN 202210161257 A CN202210161257 A CN 202210161257A CN 114539852 A CN114539852 A CN 114539852A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防附着网衣涂料及其制备方法,由以下重量份的原料制成:环氧化线型酚醛树脂14.0‑18.0份、改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB‑246)15.0‑22.0份、N‑羟甲基丙烯酰胺5.5‑7.5份、二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE)2.0‑3.3份、四氢松香2.8‑3.2份、乙烯‑醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)22.0‑25.5份、季戊四醇18.0‑20.5份、欧夹竹桃甙7.2‑11.6份。本发明采用仿生学原理,通过对海洋生物防污机理的分析,利用环氧化线型酚醛树脂同时兼具酚醛和双酚A环氧树脂优点的特性,经过其它涂料单体和助剂调和以获得防污防附着效果卓越、韧性效果出色、脆性降低且粘连度优秀的产品,再制备出具有广谱防污作用的仿生无毒生物防污制剂。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及渔业涂料技术领域,具体涉及一种防附着网衣涂料及其制备方法。
【背景技术】
海洋资源是21世纪可持续发展战略的物资基础,但在开发海洋养殖资源过程中,海洋生物附着污损问题严重限制了海洋资源经济的发展,每年因海洋生物附着污损导致当地渔业受损的问题造成的损失难以估量。渔业养殖用网箱长期在水中浸泡后吸附了鱼体排泄物及水中污物,网衣上着生了大量的丝状藻类,主要有水绵、双星藻、转板藻等。这些附着物的增多既阻碍了水流的畅通和水体的交换,容易造成箱内水质恶化、缺氧,影响鱼类的生长;而网箱系统中附着的藤壶、牡蛎等贝类和杂藻,将增加网箱重量,降低网箱系统的浮力;网箱上着生的大量藻类及污物,又成为嗜水气单胞菌、海水弧菌等致病菌生长繁殖的场所;同时苗种常会被水绵等丝状藻类缠绕无法逃出而窒息死亡,出苗率大大受到影响;同时还会降低鱼苗的活动能力,致使鱼苗摄食量降低,在越冬期会出现大面积的弯体病等疾病。我国的海水网箱养殖目前缺乏高效低成本的网衣防附着方法,大多数的网衣材料本身无毒而且比表面积大,这就有利于污损生物(包括)的生长。网箱网衣自身的结构也不利于附着的海洋生物的清洗。清洗网箱网衣面临费用高,处理过程中,会造成对网箱网衣不同程度的损害,打乱养殖品种的生活规律,降低网箱养殖鱼类的生长速度等一系列问题。
因此,养殖网箱防污损生物污染和网箱网衣的清洗,是目前网箱养殖亟待解决的一个问题。目前国内深海网箱的清洗主要有以下几种方法:人工清洗,虽然效果较好,但是劳动强度大,费时费力;生物清除法,虽然环保无污染,但是不容易实现;机械清洗法,虽然劳动强度低,速度快,但是对于网衣难免造成破坏;药物清洗法,虽然效果较好,但是会造成海洋污染。还有采用阳光曝晒夏季温度高时,将箱体一半露出水面,让烈日曝晒,在气温37-38℃时,晒网约55分钟,气温30-31℃时,曝晒90分钟就可把网箱上附着的丝状藻类等生物晒死;然后转换晒另一半箱体。或将附着物较多的网箱换下后,放在阳光下曝晒,晒死附着生物,然后拍打清除。但影响养殖生产,网箱经常曝晒易老化,不宜常晒。化学药剂清除法对于网衣附着的生物,可用0.7-1.0克/立方米硫酸铜溶液泼洒在网片上,可有效地减轻和预防丝状藻类滋生附着。网箱养殖可将箱体网衣的各部分轮流露出水面,泼洒生石灰或草木灰,使附着物被阳光照射而逐渐死亡。更换下的网箱冲洗干净后,置放于高浓度的漂白粉溶液中浸泡12小时,然后清洗干净使用,可以降低更换网箱频率,但有二次污染且工作量也不小。
随着人类对海洋生态环境的日益重视,各国加强了无污染防污涂料的研制步伐,现有的短效重金属残留严重且污染持久的渔用网衣涂料终会退出。市场的需求要求发展无污染海洋防腐防污技术。但无论是传统的常规有机锡铅汞网衣网箱漆,还是现代TF-SPC亦或是异噻唑啉酮化合物都不可避免或多或少的对海洋生态环境造成危害。海洋资源是21世纪可持续发展战略的物资基础,渔业用无污染防污涂料的研究开发已迫在眉睫。
【发明内容】
针对现有市面产品技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种防附着网衣涂料及其制备方法,是一种配置简单,制备方便,不含有机重金属、无毒无污染的仿生环境友好型涂料制剂。本发明采用仿生学原理,通过对海洋生物防污机理的分析,利用其兼具酚醛和双酚A环氧树脂优点的特性,经过助剂调节以获得防污防附着效果卓越、韧性效果出色、脆性降低且粘连度优秀的产品,再制备出具有广谱防污作用的仿生无毒生物防污制剂,是一种用于海下养殖设施使用的防污涂料。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
本发明所述的一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂14.0-18.0份、改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)15.0-22.0份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺5.5-7.5份、二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE)2.0-3.3份、四氢松香2.8-3.2份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)22.0-25.5份、季戊四醇18.0-20.5份、欧夹竹桃甙7.2-11.6份。
进一步的,所述的一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂15.0-16.5份、改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)17.0-20.0份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺6.8-7.0份、二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE)2.6-3.3份、四氢松香2.9-3.1份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)23.0-24.0份、季戊四醇18.5-20.0份、欧夹竹桃甙8.7-10.9份。
更进一步的,所述的一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂15.5份、改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)17.5份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺6.2份、二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE)2.8份、四氢松香3.0份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)24.5份、季戊四醇19.0份、欧夹竹桃甙10.1份。
本发明所述的一种防附着网衣涂料中,各成分的作用如下:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂:由低分子量酚醛树脂与环氧氯丙烷在酸催化下缩合而成,其兼具双酚A型环氧树脂和酚醛树脂的优点,其化学结构中含有羟基和醚键,在添加改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)之后生成新的-OH和-O-,使其固化物具有很高的内聚力与粘附力,并以此提高涂料粘连性及柔韧性,降低脆性。
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246):减缓海水对网衣内部尼龙结构的侵蚀,可被酚类化合物给予明显的催化环氧-胺的开环反应,其N原子参与环氧树脂的交联反应,从而解决老化、粉化脆性高及龟裂等现象,随着共聚含氟酯的加入,产品的耐腐蚀和防污效果也将大大提高。
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺:由于分子结构中含有聚合性能的乙烯基和缩合性能的羟甲基,因此使线性聚合物交联最为有效,如果与环氧氯丙烷类单体共聚合,羟基被单独引入,仅加热即可交联。
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE):在产品中扮演扩链剂的角色,影响产品工艺和力学性能;本发明采用具有氨基低分子质量多官能团的醇类。
四氢松香,是指一种改性松香,其集抗氧化、耐冲击、耐腐蚀和耐老化等优异性能于一身;将松香全部被氢气饱和,将其全部氢化为四氢松香,改性后的四氢松香会大幅提高产品韧性,其优异的环保性能也使其被评为“无溶剂型环境友好型涂料原材料”。
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE):作为胶黏剂,具有较好的耐水性和韧性,大幅延缓产品龟裂时间,对水分子具有较强的阻隔性。
季戊四醇:作为多元醇,经酯化可得季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯,改善涂料性能,提高光泽硬度已经耐久度。
欧夹竹桃甙:采用夹竹桃的树叶提取欧夹竹桃甙,里面具有的生物碱(欧夹竹桃甙)具有抑制生物活性,麻痹中枢神经的作用,在海中藤壶腺介幼虫未变态发育(即生物发展为生物膜之前),干扰生物探查吸附底质,从而侧方面达到驱逐海洋生物附着的效果。
本发明还涉及上述一种防附着网衣涂料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将冷凝管、电动搅拌器、四口烧瓶、温度计和恒压滴液漏斗固定于配有油浴锅与电炉的铁架台上,在烧瓶中加入环氧化线型酚醛树脂加热至120℃,待冷却至40℃加入改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246);
2)将N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺倒入恒压滴液漏斗中,调节滴速,使其保持在150min内全部滴完,同时开启电动搅拌器,速率为330r/min;
3)将搅拌速率从330r/min调节至510-580r/min,加入乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)和季戊四醇维持100min,搅拌均匀;
4)将搅拌速率从510-580r/min调节至220-270r/min,加入欧夹竹桃甙、四氢松香和二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE)维持60min,搅拌均匀出料即为成品;
步骤4)所述的欧夹竹桃甙的制备方法如下:
将夹竹桃叶清洗干净,用烘干机烘干,通过粉碎机粉碎至碎末状,加入石油醚进行脱脂处理,加入到水蒸气蒸馏釜进行蒸馏提取,通过油水分离器进行欧夹竹桃甙与水的分离,通过75%乙醇萃取器与回收塔,回收废弃乙醇,经过固定床吸附干燥器,减压精馏塔,祛除杂质油,得到欧夹竹桃甙。
和现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
1、目前市面上欧夹竹桃甙价格昂贵,是由于受现有工艺提取效率的限制,且欧夹竹桃甙中有效生物碱含量低。本发明所述的一种防附着网衣涂料的制备方法中,通过水蒸气蒸馏,待提取物随蒸汽同步馏出,经乙醇萃取,干燥,祛除杂质油,可以低成本的得到高纯度(98%以上)欧夹竹桃甙。本发明利用生长在广西地界的夹竹桃,具有以下优点:①本发明所采用的欧夹竹桃甙分布于夹竹桃全株,其植株再广西区域等南方城市可四季生长,即原材料来源广泛可不间断供应;②夹竹桃植株具有优秀的耐受力,对生长环境要求低;③由于其活性生物碱的作用,欧夹竹桃甙不会因为叶片的干枯和植株的死亡而消失,即便进行焚烧处理,依旧不是明智的选择,相比之下,利用干枯叶片进行提取,可以进行废物二次利用;④可以利用其欧夹竹桃甙具有生物碱欧夹竹桃甙具有抑制生物活性,麻痹中枢神经的作用来驱逐甲壳类生物。
2、本发明所述的一种防附着网衣涂料,在制备的过程中,先在烧瓶中加入环氧化线型酚醛树脂和改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246),加热至120℃,待冷却至40℃加入改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246),同时在330r/min的条件下添加N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺,然后从330r/min调节至510-580r/min搅拌均匀,加入乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)和季戊四醇并持续搅拌均匀,最后将搅拌速率从510-580r/min调节至220-270r/min并加入剩余物料。其中,转速的高低会影响涂料的各项性能,过高的转速会降低涂料粘、拉伸强度和断裂延伸率,过低的转速会导致原本粘度就大的材料混合不均匀,各项材料无法很好的混合,达不到预期目标要求,会导致本该被改善的涂料性能因为混合不均匀没有被改善,聚结性能依旧不好。因此,本发明将转速固定在一个适中的范围,将上述特性把握在可控范围之内,避免上述情况的发生。
3、本发明得到的一种防附着网衣涂料,加入欧夹竹桃甙,通过加入安全的生物提取制剂,来抑制海生生物的附着,且不会对海洋生物造成致命危害,影响当地海洋生态圈,以减少人工化合物以及其人类长久以来通过使用自抛光有机锡等有毒重金属来毒害海洋生物的弊端;得到的涂料各项性能优异,涂膜力学强度高,利用仿生学原理制造,通过纳米技术或人工涂装到网衣网箱之上,通过防污涂料中抑制剂的缓慢释放,从而达到长效防污。
【具体实施方式】
以下结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明。
实施例1:
一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 14.0g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 15.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 5.5g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.0g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.2g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 22.0g、 |
季戊四醇 | 18.0g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 7.2g。 |
实施例2:
一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
实施例3:
一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 16.5g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 20.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 7.5g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.9g、 |
四氢松香 | 2.9g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 24.0g、 |
季戊四醇 | 20.0g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.9g。 |
实施例4:
一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 18.0g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 22.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.8g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 3.3g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.1g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 25.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 20.5g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 11.6g。 |
实施例5:
一种防附着网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成:
实施例1-5所述的一种防附着网衣涂料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将冷凝管、电动搅拌器、四口烧瓶、温度计和恒压滴液漏斗固定于配有油浴锅与电炉的铁架台上,在烧瓶中加入环氧化线型酚醛树脂和改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246),加热至120℃;
2)将N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺倒入恒压滴液漏斗中,调节滴速,使其保持在150min内全部滴完,同时开启电动搅拌器,速率为330r/min;
3)将搅拌速率从330r/min调节至510-580r/min,加入乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)和季戊四醇维持100min,搅拌均匀;
4)将搅拌速率从510-580r/min调节至220-270r/min,加入欧夹竹桃甙、四氢松香和二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE)维持60min,搅拌均匀出料即为成品;
步骤4)所述的欧夹竹桃甙的制备方法如下:
将夹竹桃叶叶清洗干净,用烘干机烘干,通过粉碎机粉碎至碎末状,加入石油醚进行脱脂处理,加入到水蒸气蒸馏釜进行蒸馏提取,通过油水分离器进行欧夹竹桃甙与水的分离,通过75%乙醇萃取器与回收塔,回收废弃乙醇,经过固定床吸附干燥器,减压精馏塔,祛除杂质油,得到欧夹竹桃甙。
对比例1:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,缺少欧夹竹桃甙):
对比例2:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,缺环氧化线型酚醛树脂):
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 17.5g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.2g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.8g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.0g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 24.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 19.0g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.1g。 |
对比例3:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,缺少四氢松香):
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 15.5g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 17.5g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.2g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.8g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.1g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 24.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 19.0g。 |
对比例4:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,缺少改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)):
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 15.5g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.2g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.8g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.1g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 24.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 19.0g。 |
对比例5:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,缺少乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)):
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 15.5g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.2g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.8g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.1g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 17.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 19.0g。 |
对比例6:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,缺少改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)和环氧化线型酚醛树脂):
对比例7:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,提高转速30%):
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 15.5g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.2g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.8g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.1g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 17.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 19.0g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 24.5g。 |
对比例8:
一种网衣涂料,由以下重量份的原料制成(和实施例5相比,降低转速30%):
环氧化线型酚醛树脂 | 15.5g、 |
四氢松香 | 3.0g、 |
N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 | 6.2g、 |
二乙胺基乙醇(PEAE) | 2.8g、 |
欧夹竹桃甙 | 10.1g、 |
改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246) | 17.5g、 |
季戊四醇 | 19.0g、 |
乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE) | 24.5g。 |
实验例:
实施例和对比例所制备的产品的各项性能测试,参数如下:
A耐水性测试:将产品涂抹于10cm*10cm不锈钢板,置于40℃恒温水槽中,500小时后观察涂层,无失光,无脱落者为合格(边缘1cm不参与评价);
B耐盐性测试:将产品涂抹于10cm*10cm不锈钢板,置于40℃恒温水槽中,加入NaCl等海盐成分,使其浓度为3%,500小时后观察涂层,无失光,无脱落者为合格(边缘1cm不参与评价);
C附着力测试:用专用划格器或美工刀在试片上划11条线(要将涂层划破),横竖交叉,间距1mm,方格10个;用专用胶带(CTZ-405型),密实地粘在格子上(须保证无空隙),然后呈45°角用力将胶带贴紧,间隔5min撕下,并对脱落位置进行计数,如方格无脱落则判定附着力为100/100,1个脱落判定为99/100,依此类推。
表1:
结果分析:
1、通过实施例1-5可以看到,实施例1-5的海水挂板试验效果都明显优于对比例,附着物无、极少或者较少,且可用流动海水冲刷祛除,耐水性测试合格,耐盐性测试合格,附着力测试为(94-100)/100,其中实施例5的海水挂板试验效果效果最好,这说明实施例1-5中添加欧夹竹桃甙以及环氧树脂,通过干扰附着生物探查的生物本能,来降低海生生物附着的可能性,并且通过添加VAE等其他改性成分,提高了产品韧性、耐盐碱性及防污效果,降低产品脆性龟裂,延长粉化时间和使用寿命,利用水流可自然冲刷掉海洋附着生物,入水之后,通过表层涂膜充分接触海,吸收水分,产生明显的微相分离表皮结构,以仿生技术模拟类似鲨鱼皮构造,降低生物附着可能,降低养殖户维护成本。
2、通过对比例1我们可以看到,欧夹竹桃甙在该涂料中具有重要的作用,仅凭单一的改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)无法达到我们预计的驱逐防污效果,而且改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)的主要作用是通过其在交联反应后产物而提高其防污效果,其本身并无法从海洋设备上将其剥离出来,附着物依旧会造成船体重量增加,造成大量的海洋设备经济损失;而欧夹竹桃甙的添加,通过干扰效果,在无伤其况下,以干扰生物附着,在生物附着可逆的情况下通过生物碱刺激来使其脱离船体来达到防污效果。
3、通过对比例2我们可以看到,缺少了环氧化线型酚醛树脂的添加,该涂料粘连性明显降低,附着力测试效果下降明显,和对比例4相比,改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)的添加可以减轻涂层附着力下降现状,但是在没有形成酯化交联反应的情况下其效果依旧不容乐观。
4、通过对比例3我们可以看到,未添加改性松香,导致该混合物在海水挂板实验中表现不是很好,出现少量附着物,附着力与实施例5相比略显差势,出现小面积脱落的现象。
5、通过对比例4我们可以看到,该涂料配方中缺少了改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246),没有了含氟酯的加入,环氧化线型酚醛树脂无法发挥其侧链活泼官能团的作用,降低了涂料的耐腐蚀性和防污效果,也失去了后者的补强效果,导致该涂料在各个测试中表现不尽人意,被腐蚀面积接近1/4。
6、通过对比例5我们可以看到,缺少了乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)。虽然添加了改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246),防水性能提高,极大的延长了产品的抗龟裂性能,但是在海水的高盐碱性高腐蚀性的条件下表现依旧不是很好,相比对比例4,其耐盐性测试结果从不合格提升为合格。
7、通过对比例6我们可以看到,未添加改性芳香胺固化剂(LHB-246)和环氧化线型酚醛树脂两种关键物料,未形成有效防污的网衣涂料产品。
8、通过对比例7和对比例8我们可以看到,转速的高低会影响涂料的各项性能,过高的转速会降低涂料粘、拉伸强度和断裂延伸率,使其在耐水性方面的测试效果降低;过低的转速会导致原本粘度就大的材料混合不均匀,本就不易混合的四氢松香和VAE共聚物更难以融入产品,导致其不仅在耐水性方面略差一截,在附着力方面也不尽人意。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种防附着网衣涂料,其特征在于:由以下重量份的原料制成:环氧化线型酚醛树脂14.0-18.0份、改性芳香胺固化剂15.0-22.0份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺5.5-7.5份、二乙胺基乙醇2.0-3.3份、四氢松香2.8-3.2份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物22.0-25.5份、季戊四醇18.0-20.5份、欧夹竹桃甙7.2-11.6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防附着网衣涂料,其特征在于:由以下重量份的原料制成:环氧化线型酚醛树脂15.0-16.5份、改性芳香胺固化剂17.0-20.0份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺6.8-7.0份、二乙胺基乙醇2.6-3.3份、四氢松香2.9-3.1份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物23.0-24.0份、季戊四醇18.5-20.0份、欧夹竹桃甙8.7-10.9份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防附着网衣涂料,其特征在于:由以下重量份的原料制成:环氧化线型酚醛树脂15.5份、改性芳香胺固化剂17.5份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺6.2份、二乙胺基乙醇2.8份、四氢松香3.0份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物24.5份、季戊四醇19.0份、欧夹竹桃甙10.1份。
4.权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种防附着网衣涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
1)将冷凝管、电动搅拌器、四口烧瓶、温度计和恒压滴液漏斗固定于配有油浴锅与电炉的铁架台上,在烧瓶中加入环氧化线型酚醛树脂加热至120℃,待冷却至40℃加入改性芳香胺固化剂;
2)将N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺倒入恒压滴液漏斗中,调节滴速,使其保持在150min内全部滴完,同时开启电动搅拌器,速率为330r/min;
3)将搅拌速率从330r/min调节至510-580r/min,加入乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(VAE)维持100min,搅拌均匀;
4)将搅拌速率从510-580r/min调节至220-270r/min,加入欧夹竹桃甙、四氢松香和二乙胺基乙醇维持60min,搅拌均匀出料即为成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种防附着网衣涂料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)所述的欧夹竹桃甙的制备方法如下:
将夹竹桃叶清洗干净,用烘干机烘干,通过粉碎机粉碎至碎末状,加入石油醚进行脱脂处理,加入到水蒸气蒸馏釜进行蒸馏提取,通过油水分离器进行欧夹竹桃甙与水的分离,通过75%乙醇萃取器与回收塔,回收废弃乙醇,经过固定床吸附干燥器,减压精馏塔,祛除杂质油,得到欧夹竹桃甙。
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