CN114539096A - 一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯制备方法 - Google Patents
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- QMSDNBJQBPHACW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-phenylbenzonitrile Chemical group N#CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QMSDNBJQBPHACW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- NPDACUSDTOMAMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chlorotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NPDACUSDTOMAMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
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- ZGQVZLSNEBEHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-methylphenyl)benzonitrile Chemical group C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C#N ZGQVZLSNEBEHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- NHWQMJMIYICNBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C#N NHWQMJMIYICNBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIWQNIMLAISTBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(B(O)O)C=C1 BIWQNIMLAISTBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFMPMSCZPVNPEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobenzonitrile Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1C#N AFMPMSCZPVNPEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010067484 Adverse reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003747 Grignard reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000932 candesartan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SGZAIDDFHDDFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N candesartan Chemical compound CCOC1=NC2=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C2N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=N[N]1 SGZAIDDFHDDFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
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- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002198 irbesartan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YCPOHTHPUREGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N irbesartan Chemical compound O=C1N(CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C=2[N]N=NN=2)C(CCCC)=NC21CCCC2 YCPOHTHPUREGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000651 tasosartan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ADXGNEYLLLSOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tasosartan Chemical compound C12=NC(C)=NC(C)=C2CCC(=O)N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C=1N=NNN=1 ADXGNEYLLLSOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 telisatan Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/72—Copper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种4‑甲基‑2‑氰基联苯的制备方法,属于药物中间体合成领域。该方法以2‑氰基氯苯和4‑甲基氯苯为原料经石墨烯负载铜催化剂催化偶联合成4‑甲基‑2‑氰基联苯。本发明制备方法反应过程可控、操作简单,反应条件温和,反应选择性高,适合大规模工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物中间体合成领域,具体涉及一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯的制备方法。
背景技术
2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯英文名称为:4'-Methyl-2-cyanobiphenyl,CAS号:114772-53-1,分子量:193.24。外观与性状:白色结晶粉末。化学结构式如下所示:
2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯是合成坎地沙坦、厄贝沙坦、替尼沙坦、他索沙坦等心血管类药物的关键中间体,此类药物降压平稳、不良反应少、作用时间长,患者耐受性好,是抗高血压的一线治疗药物。
目前合成2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯的工艺主要是采用Suzuki偶联反应,使用Pd(PPh3)4作催化剂,在碱性条件下催化4-甲基苯硼酸与2-溴苄腈偶联制得2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯。该工艺只需要一步合成,合成路线段,催化偶联反应6小时,收率达到88%,并且产品容易提纯。但是原料溴代物价格昂贵,硼酸合成困难,限制了该工艺的工业化应用。
另一种合成路线是通过格式反应,对氯甲苯与镁反应得到格氏试剂,再在催化剂催化条件与邻氯苯腈反生偶联反应,经后处理纯化,得到2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯,该工艺流程简单,但偶联反应时副反应较多,提纯困难。
因此,目前需要研发一种原料成本低,反映收率高并且副反应少,产品提纯简单的惰性气体合成方法。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术上的不足,提供了一种以2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯为原料经石墨烯负载铜催化剂催化合成2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯的方法。
本发明以2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯为原料经石墨烯负载铜催化剂催化偶联合成4-甲基-2-氰基联苯。收率85%,纯度99%。
所述制备方法为在反应容器中,加入2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯、甲苯、催化剂,充入惰性气体,保持一定温度下反应得到4-甲基-2-氰基联苯。
所述的催化剂为石墨烯负载铜催化剂,表示为Cu@rGO,其中石墨烯负载铜催化剂加入的量为2-氰基氯苯质量的3‰。
所述反应温度为100-110℃。
所述2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯的摩尔比为1:1.1。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明以2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯为原料经石墨烯负载铜催化剂催化合成2-氰基-4'-甲基联苯的方法,原料易得,副反应少,选择性高,生产成本低,适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
Cu@rGO催化剂的制备:
称取0.5 g氧化石墨烯置于100 mL 去离子水中,超声分散30 min,得到稳定的氧化石墨烯水分散液。称取1.9 g硝酸铜溶于100 mL的去离子水中,配成硝酸铜溶液。将其与氧化石墨烯分散液混合,一同倒入500 mL三口烧瓶中,在90℃下向三口烧瓶中滴加5mL 80%的水合肼溶液,充分反应一段时间,溶液变为暗红色。最后,将反应后的溶液过滤、洗涤、干燥,得到Cu@rGO催化剂。
实施例1:
向500 mL圆底烧瓶中加入2-氰基氯苯(30 g,1 eq)和4-甲基氯苯(30 g,1.1 eq),加入Cu@rGO催化剂(90 mg),甲苯(150 mL),氮气保护,加热到110℃反应8 h,降至室温,过滤回收Cu@rGO催化剂,滤液真空浓缩,加入异丙醚(50 mL)升温至完全溶解,降温至10-15℃,过滤得到白色固体31 g,收率73%,气相纯度99%。
实施例2:
向500 mL圆底烧瓶中加入2-氰基氯苯(30 g,1 eq)和4-甲基氯苯(30 g,1.1 eq),加入Cu@rGO催化剂(90 mg),甲苯(150 mL),氮气保护,加热到100℃反应8 h,降至室温,过滤回收Cu@rGO催化剂,滤液真空浓缩,加入异丙醚(50 mL)升温至完全溶解,降温至10-15℃,过滤得到白色固体30 g,收率71%,气相纯度99%。
实施例3:
向500 mL圆底烧瓶中加入2-氰基氯苯(30 g,1 eq)和4-甲基氯苯(27.6 g,1 eq),加入Cu@rGO催化剂(90 mg),甲苯(150 mL),氮气保护,加热到110℃反应8 h,降至室温,过滤回收Cu@rGO催化剂,滤液真空浓缩,加入异丙醚(50 mL)升温至完全溶解,降温至10-15℃,过滤得到白色固体25 g,收率60%,气相纯度99%。
实施例4:
500 mL反应瓶中投入22g镁屑,360 g四氢呋喃,氮气保护。滴液漏斗中备入100 g对氯甲苯。向反应瓶内滴加对氯甲苯,温度控制在50~70℃,滴加完毕后,保温反应4~6小时后静置,上清液为格氏液。
向300 mL反应瓶投入100 g邻氯苯腈,100 g四氢呋喃,搅拌均匀后待用。氮气保护,将格式液5℃条件下滴加到邻氯苯腈的四氢呋喃溶液中,滴加过程温度不超过10℃。滴加完毕常温反应2小时。反应液减压浓缩回收四氢呋喃后,加入甲苯稀释,用10%的稀盐酸调节pH至2~3,分去水相,有机相水洗两次,有机相减压浓缩至干,得到油状物粗品,粗品加入环己烷(50 mL)放入冰箱中冷冻过夜。过滤得到白色固体73g,气相纯度97.8%,收率52%(以邻氯苯腈计算)。
上述虽然对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述,但并非对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (5)
1.一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法为,在反应容器中,加入2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯、甲苯、催化剂,充入惰性气体,保持一定温度下反应得到4-甲基-2-氰基联苯。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯制备方法,其特征在于,所述的催化剂为石墨烯负载铜催化剂,表示为Cu@rGO,所述石墨烯负载铜催化剂用量为2-氰基氯苯质量的3‰。
3.根据权利要求1中所述的一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯制备方法,其特征在于,所述反应温度为100-110℃。
4.根据权利要求1中所述的一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯制备方法,其特征在于,所述2-氰基氯苯和4-甲基氯苯的摩尔比为1:1.1。
5.根据权利要求1中所述的一种4-甲基-2-氰基联苯制备方法,其特征在于,所述惰性气体为氮气。
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CN116396213A (zh) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-07-07 | 济南大学 | 一种2-吡啶甲酸甲酯的制备方法 |
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